河南省新鄉(xiāng)市2021-2022學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期第二次模擬考試（二模）英語試題

河南省新鄉(xiāng)市2021-2022學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期第二次模擬考試（二

模）英語試題學(xué)校:姓名:班級(jí):考號(hào)：一、閱讀理解TheComfortableKitchen:105Laid-Back.Healthy.andWholesomeRecipesHerearehealthymealsthewholefamilycanenjoy,nightafternight.WhatdoescomfortmeaninTheComfortableKitchen?ForAlexSnodgrass.NewYorkTimesbestsellingauthorofTheDefinedDish，bringingherfamilyaroundthetabletoshareahome-cookedmealisafavoritewaytoshowloveHerrecipesaredesignedtobringjoyintothatdisplayofaffection,fromyourowncomfortcookingtoyourlovedones*delightatthedeliciousflavors,toknowingthatyou'recaringforyourfamily'snutritionwitheachbite.Thereareplentyofrecipeswithsimple,flexibleingredientsfbramealwhendesired-perfectforpeoplewhoareenjoyingtheirnfoodfreedom"stageoftheirhealthjourney.Andforthosewhohavedietrestrictions,Alexclearlymarkseachrecipeasghiten-firee（無數(shù)質(zhì)），dairy-freeandgrain-free,asappropriate.Alexbringsbackthejoyofbeinginthekitchenfbrthoseatalllevelsofcookingskillsandprovidesfoodfbreveryoccasion,withsoups,salads,pasta,vegetarianandnon-vegetarian,rangingfromonepotmealstonot-so-junkyjunkfbod-andevencocktailsanddessertswithrecipesincluding:CajunChickenandWildRiceSoupGreenCurryPoachedHalibutwithHerbsTexasStyleBrisketTacosHerbyGreenOlivePastawithFetaSheetPanHoney-SesameCauliflowerClayton'sMargarita7-lngrcdicntAlmondButterCookiesWith105approachableandnutritiousrecipesforreal,busylife,TheComfortableKitchenisamust-havecookbookforeveryonewhocaresaboutwhattheyeatandwhattheymake.Whatisthetextabout?A.Adessert.B.Acookbook.C.Kitchenfacilities.D.Familymeals.WhatcanbelearntaboutTheComfortableKitchen?A.ItcontainsmanyrecipesB.Itreceivesmanycomplaints.C.Itcanonlybeboughtonline.D.ItispublishedbyNewYorkTimes.Whoaremostlikelytobeinterestedinthetext?A.Cooks.B.Environmentalists.C.Kids.D.Publishers.OnemorningInoticedawomansittingaloneatthebusstop.Sheseemednottogotoworkhumedly.Shewasn'tgoinganywhereaswell.Wasshewaitingforthebus?Didmall（商場(chǎng)）busescomethisearlywhenthestoreswouldn*tbeopenforhours?AsIdroveby.lheardavoicesaying,"Giveherabottleofwater”.“Shelookslikesheissleeping.WhywouldIwakeher?Whatiswrongwithme?Whatissohardaboutdoingtherightthing?It*sjustabottleofwater!”SoIdrovebyheragainandagain.Finally,Ipulledmycarintoaparkingzone,steppingoutwithabottleofwaterinonehandandatwenty-dollarbillintheother.Eachstepseemedtofillmewithpurposeandfbcus.Nowordscandescribewhathappenedbetweenusatthatmoment.IthoughtIwasbringingheracolddrink,butinsteadIwasbringingherahopesheneeded.Wesattogetherforawhileasshetalked.Shehadasadstorytotell,butshewasnolongersad.Beforeweparted,IgrabbedallthecashIhadinmypurseandfoundmorewaterinmycaralongwithsomesnacks.Westoodatthebusstophuggingandsaidourgoodbyes.IstillhaveathousandquestionsastowhyIstruggledtoact.Whydidittakememanycirclesaroundthemallandanargumentwithmyself?Ioncewaveredbetweenhelpingherandignoringher.AllIknowforsureisthatwhilewalkingtowardthatwomanatthebusstop,amiraclehappened.Thereareopportunitiesforustoloveeveryday.Maybeourdoubtskeepusfromacting.Maybewedon'twanttotaketheriskorbeuncomfortable.Thatday,Ilearnedhowloveanswerswhenaskedandhowlovebothgivesandreceives.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofthewomansittingaloneatthebeginning?A.Shewasshortofsleep.B.ShewasfullofcuriosityC.Shewasalittlestrange.D.Shewasoutofwork.Whydidtheauthordrivebythewomanoverandoveragain?A.Toimprovetheterriblypoordrivingskills.B.Toevaluatewhethertohelpher.C.Tosearchfbraparkingspace.D.ToobservethepoorwomanWhatdoestheunderlinedword"wavered,*inparagraph4probablymean?C.Tosearchfbraparkingspace.D.ToobservethepoorwomanA.Hesitated.B.Disagreed.A.Hesitated.B.Disagreed.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Lovebreaksdownracialbarriers.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C.Balanced.D.Objected.Thewealthoflifeisaction.D.Thebestacttoloveistakingaction.InternationalWomen*sDayisMarch8.Thefirstcelebrationwasheldin1911,andtheeventwasrecognizedbytheUnitedNationsstartingin1975.Ifsagreattimetothinkabouttheoriginoftheword"woman".Somepeoplethinktheword“woman"isacompound。昆合)ofthewords"womb,,and€Cmann.Notso.Rather,ifsacompoundofnwifenand"man"，acombinationthatcanbetracedbacktoOldEnglish.Yousee,whenOldEnglishwasfirstbeingspokeninthe5thcenturyAD,thereweretwodistinctwordsfbrmenandwomen:nwernmeant"adultmalen,andHwif,meant"adultfemale".TherewasathirdwordJmarT,whichsimplymeantnpersonnorHhumanbeing”.Thesewordscouldbecombined:"wernplus"man”(intheformofnwaepmann)meant"adultmaleperson11ancTwif5'plusHman,,(uwilmanH)meant"adultfemaleperson”.Thosemiddleforms/wimnannandnwommonnwiththetwoM'sinthemiddle,remindmeofNoahWebstefseffortstosimplifyEnglishspellingbysuggestingchangingthespelling“womarTto"wimmerTtohavethespellingbettermatchthepronunciation.Heputthatinhis1806CompendiousDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage,butitdidn,tbecomepopular.AndtheOldEnglishwordfor"adultmale"evolvedintoasimplifiedform.ThecompoundwordHweapmannmeltedintothesimplewordweusetoday:"man".Maybethelessontotakefromallthisisthattheroleofwomeninsocietyhasalwaysbeencomplex.Whateverthecase,theword"woman”todaywasoriginallyacompoundoftheOldEnglishwordsfdr"woman"and"humanbeing”.Wherecanyoufindthefirstsourceofthewordnwomann?A.Inparagraph1.B.Inparagraph2.C.Inparagraph3.D.Inparagraph4.WhydidWebstersuggestchangingthespelling"woman”to"wimmen”？Tolinkthespellingtothepronunciation.Tokeepupwiththetimesmoreclosely.Tosatisfythereaders9requestsTomakeiteasytopronounce.Whendidthespelling"woman"started?A.Bythe1600s.B.Inthe5thcenturyAD,C.In1809.D.BytheMiddleEnglishperiodWhatisthepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthetext?TotellustheoriginofWomen*sDay.Totellusthehistoryoftheword"woman”.TostresstheroleswomenareplayingToteachusthedevelopmentofalanguageUnlikehumanstudents,computersdon'tseemtogetboredorfrustratedwhenalessonistooeasyortoohard.Butjustlikehumans,theydobetterwhenalessonplanisjustrightfortheirlevelofskill.Comingupwiththerightcurriculumisn*teasy,though,socomputerscientistswonderedwhatiftheycouldmakemachinesdesigntheirown?Thafswhatresearchershavedoneinseveralnewstudiestocreateartificialintelligence（AI）thatcanfigureouthowbesttoteachitself.Theworkcouldspeedlearninginself^drivingcarsandhouseholdrobots,anditmightevenhelphandlepreviouslyunsolvablemathproblems.Inoneofthenewexperiments,anAlprogramtriestoquicklyreachadestinationbynavigatinga2Dgrid（網(wǎng)格）populatedwithsolidblocks.Thenagentnimprovesitsabilitiesthroughaprocesscalledreinforcementlearning,akindoftrialanderror.Tohelpitnavigateincreasinglycomplexworlds,theresearchersconsideredtwowaysinwhichitcoulddrawthemaps.Onemethodrandomlydistributedblocks;withit,theAldidn'tlearnmuch.AnothermethodrememberedwhattheAIhadstruggledwithinthepast,andmaximizeddifficultyaccordingly.Butthatmadetheworldstoohardandsometimesevenimpossibletocomplete.Sothescientistscreatedasetting,usinganewapproachtheycalledPAIRED.First,theycoupledtheirAlwithanearlyidenticalone,whichtheycalledtheantagonist（敵手）.Then,theyhadathirdAIdesigntheworldthatwaseasyfortheantagonist-buthardfortheoriginalprotagonist（主角）.Thatkeptthetasksjustattheedgeoftheprotagonistsabilitytosolve.Thedesignerusedaneuralnetworktolearnitstaskovermanytrials.Aftertraining,theprotagonistsolvedtheproblemsofferedtoitsuccessfully.ThePAIREDapproachisacleverwaytogetAltolearn,saysBartSelman,acomputerscientistatCornellUniversityandpresidentoftheAssociationfbrtheAdvancementofArtificialIntelligence.Whichofthefollowingisaproblemfbrcomputerscientists?Designingasuitablelessonplanforcomputers.Askinghumanstudentstobeactiveinalesson.Helpingstudentstoworkouttheirowecurriculum.Improvinghumanstudents*computerskillsquickly..Whatdidthetwowaysusedbytheresearchershaveincommon?A.TheywerepracticalfbrtheAlresearch.B.Theybothhadtheirownweakness.C.TheyweretoohardfbrtheAItoteachitself.D.TheybothmadetheAIstrugglewiththepast.WhatdoesBartSelmanthinkofthePAIREDapproach?A.DifficultB.Simple.C.PromisingD.Useless.Whatisthebesttitlefbrthetext?A.TheApplicationofArtificialIntelligenceB.TheImpactofArtificialIntelligenceC.ArtificialIntelligenceResearchesNavigationfbrSelf^drivingD.ArtificialIntelligenceDesignsLessonPlansfbrItself二、七選五Mostpeoplefeelshyatonepointoranother.Forsome,however,shynesscanbenodisturbingthatitpreventsthenfromparticipatinginsocialsituations.Shypeopledowanttobeclosetoothersbutfearbeingrejectedorcriticzed16Theyoftenendupfeelinglonelyandisolated,whichincreasestheirriskfbrdevelopingotherproblemslikedepressionoranxiety.Researchshowsthatshynessismaintainedthroughaviciouscycle（惡性循環(huán)）inwhichpeopleapproachasocialsituation,feeltheexcessivefearofnegativeevaluation,andthenavoidthesituation.17However,itoftenleadstofeelingsofshameandsclf^blamceventually.Fortunately,wehavewaystoincreaseyourownsocialfitness.Planforittogowell.Thereisanenormousanxietythatotherswillevaluateyoumanegativeway,soagooddealofthoughtinsocialsettingsisspentonhownottodosomethingwrong,insteadofonhowtodosomethingright.18Becuriousaboutothers.19Instead,fbcusonbeingcuriousaboutothers.Thishelpyoutostartconversations.Everyone'sgotastorytotellFindoutwhatitis,thensitbackandlisten.Thewaytobethemostinterestingpersonintheroomistofindothersinteresting.Giveyourselfarole.Manyofthesociallyshypeoplearehighlysuccessfulprofessionals,includingdoctors,lawyers,etcTheyoftencommentonbowconfidenttheyfeelatwork,buttheylosetheirselfconfidenceinsituationswheretheirroleisn'tdefinedbytheirjob.20Thisinitiallyprovidesrelief.Shypeopleareoftenhighlycriticalofthemselves.Inasocialsetting,trytakingyourfbcusoffyourself.Asaresult,theyevenavoidsocialeventstheywanttoattendExposingyourselftoyourfearisthebestwaytoovercomeitSo,moretimeshouldbespentonhowtomakethesituationasuccessHavingarolegivesyouasenseofpurpose,andguidelinesfbryourbehaviour.三、完形填空Asayoungman,Iwantedtoseetheworldandbeinspiredbynewcultures.Sowithafullbackpack,anopenmindandlotsofcuriosity,Isetoff.21thefamiliarityofwhatcallhome.Irememberfeelingbothanxiousandexcitedaboutthe22thatdaybeforesettingofF.Traveling23metonewpeople,placesandexperiencesI24howdifferenttheworldwasfromwhereI25Isawthesharp26betweenadvancedanddevelopingcountriesandhow27theinfirastructure（基石出設(shè)施）andenvironmentalconditionswereindevelopingcountries,makingmewanttohelp28thegapbetweenthesetwoworlds.Ibecameanengineer29developingtechnologiesandinfrastructuretohelpsociety30moreefficiently.Youngengineersshouldalwaysbe31andmotivated,whicharethetwowordsthatIhavealways32,andthismindsethashelpedmeunderstandand33totoday'schangingworld.Asayoungengineer,Isawtechnologyasthe34tocarbonreduction.Buttechnologyaloneisnot35.Therealsohastobecooperationamongdifferentpartiestomakeareal36.試卷第6頁，共9頁Oneday,Iwouldliketobecomea(n)37again,butthistimeIdreamoftravelingwithmyson,whohasonlyseen38ofdevelopingcountriesontheInternet.Heshouldexperienceotherculturesinperson,whichwould39makehimcurioustolearnmoreabouttheworldand40himtohelpbuildabetterfuture.21.A.leavingbehindB.callingforC.drawingonD.wrestlingwith22.A.inabilityB.uncertaintyC,misfortuneD.discomfort23.A.submittedB.comparedC.exposedD.reduced24.A.discoveredB.imaginedC.complainedD.feared25.A.grewupB.tookupC,broughtupD.pickedup26.A.competitionB.connectionC,contradictionD.difference27.A.matureB.obviousC.poorD.fine28.A.replaceB.bridgeC.exploreD.identify29.A.unintentionallyB.accidentallyC.eventuallyD.unwillingly30.A.extendB.displayC.followD.function31.A.humbleB.creativeC.innocentD.curious32.A.expectedB.valuedC.indicatedD.interpreted33.A,adaptB.belongC.resignD.tend34.A.guideB.clueC.barrierD.answer35.A.appealingB.enoughC.preciseD.relevant36.A.surpriseB.differenceC.decisionD.wish37.A.dreamerB.doerC.backpackerD.engineer38.A.progressB.dangerC.signsD.images39.A.hopefullyB.temporarilyC.ambitiouslyD.commercially40.A.forceB.appointC,inspireD.persuade四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填人1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thefirstcreature41(orbit)ourplanetwasjust2yearsold.HernamewasLaika.Shewasagooddog.Her1957flightpavedthewayforspace42(explore)whenscientistswondered43itwaslethal(致命的)forlivingthings.Humansareexplorerssincethedawnofcivilization.We44(attract)overthehorizontofindfoodormorespace,orjusttoseewhatbeyondthosetreesormountainsoroceans.Ourabilitytoexplorereachednewheights.Airplanes