高中英語選修7語言知識梳理與高考鏈接

高中英語選修7語言知識梳理與高考鏈接第一部分重點單詞(adj.)有益的[重點用法]benefitv.&n.有助于；受益；利益，好處bebeneficialtosth./sb.對……有益 beofbenefitto對……有益forthebenefitof為了……(的利益)benefitfrom從……中受益[拓展]1)Atemperateclimateisbeneficialtothehealth;溫和氣候有利于健康.2)Sunshineisbeneficialtoplants.陽光對植物有益。adapt(v.)使適應(yīng);改編Adj.adaptable[拓展]adapt(oneself)tosth.適應(yīng)某物adapt…to…使……適應(yīng)……adaptsth.forsth.fromsth.根據(jù)某事將……改編成……beadaptedfrom…由……改編1)Youshouldadaptyourselftothenewenvironment.你應(yīng)該適應(yīng)新環(huán)境?！靖呖兼溄印縄tisntsocially____________forparentstoleavechildrenunattendedatthatage.[2022山東卷]A．a(chǎn)ccessibleB．a(chǎn)dorableC．a(chǎn)daptableD．a(chǎn)cceptable【解析】D。有句意知D正確。accessn.（接近的）方法；通路；可接近性[拓展]accessibleadj.易接近的,可到達(dá)的,accessibleto(prep.)【高考鏈接】Frankputthemediocreinthetopdrawertomakesureitwouldnotbe_______tothekids.[2022江西]A.accessibleB.relativeC.acceptableD.sensitive【答案】A【解析】本題考查形容詞的辨析。Beaccessibleto為……能夠接近；berelativeto和……有關(guān)系；beacceptableto為……所接受；besensitiveto對……敏感,易接受。suitableadj.適合的,適當(dāng)?shù)?4.desiren.渴望vt.想要[拓展]desiresth.渴望得到某物desiretodosth.希望/渴望做某事desirethatsb.(should)do要求……h(huán)aveadesireforsth./todosth.渴望得到某物/希望做某事atone’sdesire照某人的希望1)Wealldesirehappinessandhealth.我們都希望幸福健康。2)Everyonehasadesireforsuccess,butnoeveryonedesiretogetrich.每個人都渴望成功，但并非人人都渴望金錢。3)Hedesiresyoutogotoseehimatonce.他要求你馬上去見他?！靖呖兼溄印縒eareatyourservice.Don’t_______toturntousifyouhaveanyfurtherproblems.[2022福建]A.begB.hesitateC.desireD.seek【答案】B【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。beg：乞求，乞討，懇求；hesitate：猶豫，躊躇；desire：欲望；愿望；seek：試圖，要求。題干意思是：我們?yōu)槟惴?wù)。當(dāng)你有任何問題時，請毫不猶豫的向我們求助。選B。5.abandon(vt)放棄；遺棄(n)放任，放縱；無拘無束[重點用法]abandononeselftosth./doingsth.沉溺于abandon…tosb．把……舍棄給…withabandon放任地；放縱地；縱情地~oneselfto沉湎于，放縱(1)He~edhimselftogrief.他陷入悲痛之中。with~恣意地；放肆地~ed被拋棄的；廢棄的~ment(n)離棄；遺棄；放棄[典例]Weshouldkeepoffthosewhoabandonthemselvestodrugs．我們要遠(yuǎn)離那些吸毒成癮的人。Don'twastethefoodleft,andabandonittothedog．不要浪費剩下的食物，把它舍棄給狗吃。6.aware(adj)意識到的；知道的be/become~of(beconsciousof)對……知道/明白；意識到makesb~ofsth讓某人明白某事[典例]Idon’tthinkyou’re~ofhowimportantthismeanstome.7.relevant(adj)→relevantly(adv)“有關(guān)的，有實際價值(重要性)的”反義詞：irrelevant★berelevantto“與……有關(guān)”=beconnectedwithhavesthtodowith這種工作與性別無關(guān)。Theworkofthiskindisnotrelevanttosex.這類課程與當(dāng)今的社會問題的關(guān)系而論已毫無實際價值。Thetypeofthecourseisnolongerrelevanttotoday’ssocialproblem.8.otherwise(adv.＆conj.)“用別的方法,其他方面;否則,不然(or)”Heisslow,butotherwiseheisagoodworker.Seizethechance,otherwise(or)youwillregretit.祈使句,and(or,otherwise)+簡單句(簡單句常用將來時)【高考鏈接】MyfriendMartinwasverysickwithastrangefever;_______,hecouldneithereatnorsleep.[2022江西] A．a(chǎn)saresult B．a(chǎn)fterall C．a(chǎn)nyway D．otherwise【解析】A。(1)調(diào)節(jié)/調(diào)整(使適合)Imustadjustmywatch;it’sslow.Yourcollarneedadjusting.整理(2)使適應(yīng)/適應(yīng)Ittookherquitealongtimetoadjusttolivingaloneinaforeigncountry.近義詞：adaptto其中to是介詞，后接v-ing形式類似的短語：devote…to/bedevotedto,makecontributionsto,be/getusedto,beaccustomedto,lookforwardto,payattentionto,getdownto,leadto,stickto,objectto,inadditionto,onthewayto,turnto,belongto,replyto,seeto(負(fù)責(zé)，照看)等vt.推薦；建議[拓展]recommendationn.推薦，介紹(信)，勸告，建議onone'srecommendation經(jīng)某人介紹followsb．’srecommendations聽從某人的勸告recommendation(s)for．……的推薦write／givesb．a(chǎn)recommendation為某人寫推薦信／介紹信1)該詞意為“建議”時，后接doing，不接不定式，和可接復(fù)合賓語，或接虛擬語氣從句。①recommenddoingHerecommendabookonEnglishstudytome.recommend②recommendsbtodosth③recommendthat從句（用虛擬語氣）Irecommendbuyingthisdictionary.n.代替者；代用品vt.用……代替……substituteAforB用A代Bsubstitutesb.by[with]another用別人接替某人[典例]1)Inmodernsociety,peopleaccepttouseplasticsasasubstituteforsteel2)Inmodernsociety,peoplesubstituteplasticforsteel.在現(xiàn)代社會中人們用塑料做鋼的代用品3)Hesubstitutedasthetypistintheoffice.他代替做這個辦公室的打字員。vt.承認(rèn)；確認(rèn)；答謝It's(universally)acknowledgedthat………是大家所公認(rèn)的acknowledge(doing)sth/that(從句)．承認(rèn)(做了)某事/承認(rèn)……復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：(承認(rèn)某人／某物為……)acknowledgesb.(sth．)+n．/as+n．/+tobe+n．a(chǎn)cknowledgetheapplause謝幕acknowledgeafavor／help答謝所受到的關(guān)照／幫助1)WhenaskedaboutthereceiptofTom’sletter，heacknowledgedit.當(dāng)問到是否收到湯姆的信件，他承認(rèn)收到了。2）Hewasacknowledgedwithapresentforhislongservicewiththecompany．在公司服務(wù)多年，他因此受到表揚(yáng)。13.contradictvt.反駁；反對；否認(rèn);與...矛盾contradictionn.矛盾，反駁contradictoryadj.相矛盾的contradictoneself自相矛盾1)Youractionscontradictyourdeclaredmoralprinciples.你的行為違背了你宣稱的道德準(zhǔn)則。2)Theboywasveryangryandcontradictedhisteacherinpublic.男孩非常生氣,當(dāng)眾反駁了他的老師。3)Thereportscontradicteachother.這些報告相互矛盾。14.abundantadj.豐富的,充裕的,beabundantin=berichin富有……abundancen.大量，豐富,充裕inabundance大量,豐足anabundanceof大量的1)anabundantyear豐年2)alifeofabundance富裕的生活3)anabundanceofsunshine充足的陽光4)Theregionisabundantinwildlife.這個地區(qū)野生動物極多.第二部分重點詞組inotherwords換句話說[典例]1)Youcanstayathomeandneedn’tcomehereanylonger.Inotherwords,youarefired.你可以在家呆著以后都不用來了。也就是說，你被解雇了。2)Hefoundhisfirstjob.Inotherwords,heneedn’tdependonhisfatheranymore.他找到了他的第一份工作，換句話說，他再也不用依靠他父親了。[短語歸納]inaword=inoneword總而言之inwords用語言haveawordwithsb.與某人談話havewordswith與某人爭吵【高考鏈接】Iwouldlikeajobwhichpaysmore,but_______IenjoytheworkI’mdoingatthemoment.[2022浙江]A.inotherwordsB.ontheotherhandC.foronethingD.asamatteroffact【解析】B。cutout切掉,刪掉[短語歸納]cutdown砍倒;削減,壓縮cutup切[破]碎cutoff切斷,停掉;隔絕,擋住[典例]1)Icutthisarticleoutofthenewspaper.我從報紙上剪下了這篇文章。2)Desertsarealsocreatedbecausepeoplecutdowntreesanddigupgrass.由于人們砍樹挖草導(dǎo)致了沙漠的產(chǎn)生。3)Thefloodcutofftheirsupplies.洪水切斷了他們的供養(yǎng)。outofbreath上氣不接下氣[短語歸納]holdone’sbreath屏息catchone’sbreath松一口氣takeadeepbreath深深地吸了一口氣outofcontrol失控outofsight看不見outoforder壞了outofreach夠不著[典例]1)Hebecameoutofbreathafterrunningbacktotheclassroom.跑回教室后他變得上氣不接下氣。2)Heranasfastashecouldandfinallycaughtupwithhisteacherbutgotoutofbreath.他飛快地跑著，最終追上了他的老師可是已經(jīng)上氣不接下氣。4.aswellas也,又;和……一樣好(可連接并列的名詞,代詞,形容詞,動詞,介詞短語等;注意:連接兩謂語時,兩動詞的時態(tài)要保持一致)[短語歸納]asgoodas和...一樣好aswell也,又(常做狀語),相當(dāng)于too;also[典例]1)Shecansingaswellashersister.她唱得和她姐姐一樣好。2)Hedirectedaswellasactinthefilm.他導(dǎo)演了這部影片并且在里邊扮演了角色。3)Iamgoingtostudyabroadandmybrotherisgoingaswell.我要到國外留學(xué)，我弟弟也要去。4)Hisstoryisasgoodasaplay.他的故事很有趣。【高考鏈接】Everythingwasperfectforthepicnic______theweather.[2022浙江卷]A.inplaceofB.aswellasC.exceptforD.incaseof【解析】C。boundto一定做……Wemissedthebus.We'reboundtobelate.我們錯過了那趟車，我們肯定要遲到了。She'sboundtobemayor.她注定會成為市長。[練習(xí)]他那么用功，一定會成功的。_____________________________________________________________Keys:Withmuchhardwork,heisboundtosucceed.6.sortout整理；挑出;解決(問題／困難)[短語歸納]sortthrough查看并挑選出putaway把……存放好[典例]1)I'vesortedoutthepapersthatcanbethrownaway．我已經(jīng)把那些可以扔掉的報紙整理出來了。2)We'vegotafewlimeproblemstosortout．我們有幾個小問題要解決。3)Hewassortingthroughapileofpapersonhisdesk他在整理桌上的一堆文件。7.helpout幫助……（擺脫困難或危難）；協(xié)助；使……脫離困境[短語歸納]helpsbwithsth幫助某人做某事withthehelpof在...的幫助下,借助helponeselfto請隨便自己動手(夾菜吃、用……等)can'thelpdoingsth禁不住can'thelpbutdosth只得；不得不eg。1)Canyouhelpmeoutwiththemathsproblem?你能幫我解出這道數(shù)學(xué)題嗎?2)Pleasehelpyourselftosomefish．隨便吃點魚。3)Shecan'thelplaughing．她忍不住大笑起來。4)Ican'thelpbutwait．我只得等。fromsb=receiveone’sletterAllhisfamilyjumpedwithjoywhenheheardfromShandongUniversity.當(dāng)他收到山東大學(xué)的來信的時候,他們?nèi)腋吲d得跳了起來.hearofsb/sth聽人說起過某人或某物hearabout聽到關(guān)于dyingtodo迫切希望做某事bedyingforsth渴望得到某物(1).中國人渴望發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì).TheChinesepeoplearedyingtodeveloptheeconomy.(2).ThechildrenaredyingfortheChristmasgifts.拓展dieof/from因…而死diea…death死得…dieout(動.植物)滅絕;(風(fēng)俗,習(xí)慣等)消失dieoff(家庭,種族等)相繼死亡dieaway(聲音,光線)逐漸平息,減弱diedown(火,興奮)漸弱,漸息otherday前幾天，不久前某一天everyotherday每隔一天，每兩天

1）Hefallsicktheotherday.前幾天他得病了。

2）Themilkmancomeseveryotherday.送牛奶的人每隔一天來一次。

3）Thepostmancomeseveryotherday.郵遞員每隔一天來一次。

4）Thecandidatewearefavourforwasputintheotherday.我們支持的這個候選人不久前當(dāng)選了。

5）Thepolicepulledhimintheotherday.警察不久前逮捕了他。

6）Wecomeacrossherattheexhibitiontheotherday.前幾天我們在展覽會上碰見了她。

有關(guān)短語：somedayorother遲早，theotherworld來世

itup保持優(yōu)秀成績；繼續(xù)干下去Welldone，andkeepitup，Tom!干得好，湯姆，再接再厲![短語歸納]keepone'shead/temper保持冷靜/強(qiáng)壓怒火keepaschool/afamily/adiary開辦學(xué)校/養(yǎng)家活口/寫日記keepone'sword；keepstoone'spromise履行諾言keepthelaw守法keepintouchwith與……保持聯(lián)系keepaneyeon…照看，密切注視；提示keepupwith跟上；保持同步水平不落后；keepawayfrom(常與from連用)遠(yuǎn)離；不接觸；keeptosth．信守；堅持；堅守；不違背(諾言、計劃等)；keep…from(doing)stll．避開；禁止；克制；12;asfarasoneisconcerned就……而言AsfarasIamconcerned，Ican'tobjecttoyourmarriage．就我(個人)而言，我不反對你們的婚事。AsfarasEnglishisconcerned，heisthebestinourclass．就英語學(xué)習(xí)方面來說，他是我們班最優(yōu)秀的。[短語歸納]as／solongas只要;像……一樣長；assoonas…·就…；asmuchas盡量多地；asfaras遠(yuǎn)到；就…to過去常常，beusedtodo被用來做beusedtodoing習(xí)慣于up(1)占去時間/精力Writingtakesupmostofhissparetime.Itwon’ttakeupmuchtime.(2)占據(jù)空間（面積）Thetabletakesuptoomuchroom.(3)繼續(xù)，接下去I’lltakeupthestorywhereIfinishedyesterday.(4)開始從事Shetookuppaintingwhenshewasafive-year-oldgirl.短語：takeback收回takein吸收，欺騙takeoff起飛，成名，脫掉（衣服，鞋帽等）take…forgranted認(rèn)為…理所當(dāng)然takeaway帶走takedown拆掉takeover接管takeplace發(fā)生takeon呈現(xiàn)，雇傭takepartin參加takeiteasy別緊張【高考鏈接】Wetriedtofindatableforseven，huttheywereall.[2022安徽]

A.givenawayB.keptawayC.takenupD.usedup

【解析】C。本題考察動詞短語的區(qū)別.giveaway泄露,捐贈.keepaway,控制在外.takeup占據(jù).useup用光,用盡.

第三部分．重點句型1.IttookoverhalfanhourtogettheboatbacktoJames.用了半個多小時的時間才把船劃回到詹姆斯身邊。這是一個Ittakes(sb.)sometime/sth.todosth.的固定句式，take意為“花費、需要”，take前也可用具體名詞作主語。Ittakeshimthreehourstodohishomeworkeveryday.他每天要用三個小時的時間做作業(yè)。Ittakes(sb.)sometime/sth.todosth.的固定句式，take意為“花費、需要”，take前也可用具體名詞作主語。Ittakeshimthreehourstodohishomeworkeveryday.他每天要用三個小時的時間做作業(yè)。IttakesquiteabitoftimetogetfromLondontoGlasgow.

從倫敦到格拉斯哥要花很多時間.2.Sheisproudtohavetakenpartincompetitionsandtohavebrokenarecordbyrunningtwolaps(800metres)thisyear.她很驕傲她參加了比賽而且在今年的800米長跑中打破了記錄。[解釋]tohavetakenpartin…為不定式的完成時，表示的動作在謂語動作前發(fā)生，意為“已經(jīng)做了”。Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsuchalongtime.對不起，讓你等了那么久。AIDSissaidtohavebeenthebiggesthealthchallengetobothmenandwomeninthatareaoverthepastfewyears.據(jù)說，在過去的幾年里，愛滋病已經(jīng)成為那個地區(qū)男性以及女性的最大的健康隱【高考鏈接】1.Theplaynextmonthaimsmainlytoreflectthelocalculture.（2022安徽）A.producedB.beingproducedC.tobeproducedD.havingbeenproduced【答案】Cbody.在電影《黑皮書》中，那個上尉無法找到一個可以理解他的朋友。3.Justacceptthemforwhotheyare,andgivethemencouragementtoliveasrichandfullalifeasyoudo.接受他們的現(xiàn)狀，并給他們予鼓勵，讓他們和你們一樣過著豐富多彩而充實的生活。[解釋]…toliveasrichandfullalifeasyoudo.具有以下結(jié)構(gòu)“as+adj.+a/an+n.+as”表示像……一樣的……”[典例]MaryisasfriendlyagirlasJulie.Mary和Julie一樣友好Ihavenevermetwithascleveraboyasheisbefore,whohasreallyimpressedmeagreatdeal.我從來沒見過像他一樣聰明的男孩,他的確給我留下了非常深刻的印象.【高考鏈接】Johnisthetallestboyintheclass,_______accordingtohimself.[2022安徽]A.JivefooteightastallasB.astallasfivefooteightC.asfivefooteighttallasD.astallfivefooteightas【答案】B4.Clairedidn’twanttherobotinherhouse,especiallyasherhusbandwouldbeabsentforthreeweeks,butLarrypersuadedherthattherobotwouldn’tharmherorallowhertobeharmed.克萊爾并不想把機(jī)器人留在家里，特別是在她丈夫離加三周的這個期間。但是，克萊爾被拉里說服了。他說，機(jī)器人不會傷害她，也不會讓別人來傷害她。[解釋]tobeharmed：動詞不定式的被動語態(tài)。1)AllthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediatelysoastobereceivedintimeforChristmas.所有的這些禮物必須及時郵寄，以便在圣誕節(jié)及時收到。2)ItremainstobeseenwhetherJim’llbefitenoughtoplayinthefinals.吉姆最后是否適合演出仍將拭目以待?！靖呖兼溄印縒eareinvitedtoaparty_________inourclubnextFriday.（09山東）A.tobeheldB.heldC.beingheldD.holding【答案】A考查非謂語動詞的用法，由nextmonth可知時間是在將來，party是被舉行，故選A。5.Assheturnedaround,therestoodGladysClaffern.當(dāng)他轉(zhuǎn)過身時，（她發(fā)現(xiàn)）Gladys站在那兒。[解釋]therestoodGladysClaffern倒裝句。在謂語為動詞go,come,run,stand,live等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動詞及be動詞的句子中,為了強(qiáng)調(diào)句子中一些副詞there,here,up,down,in,out,away等，可將副詞置于句首，若這時主語是名詞，句子用全倒裝；若是代詞，則不用倒裝。[典例]1)Therecomestheteacherandherstudents.老師和她的學(xué)生們來了。2)Outrushedtheboys.男孩們沖了出去。6.Asimovbeganhavingstoriespublishedinsciencefictionmagazinesin年，阿西莫夫開始在科幻雜志上發(fā)表文章。[解釋]havesth.done表示“請某人做某事”，或“遭遇到某事”(賓語與賓補(bǔ)為被動關(guān)系)havesb.do讓某人做……h(huán)avesb./sth.doing讓……不停地做……[典例]1)Wehadourphototakenbyapasser-by.我們請了個過路人給我們照相。2)Becareful.It’seasytohaveyourpocketpickedinacrowdlikethis.小心點，在這樣的人群中容易被偷。3)Thecoachhasusdoingthesamethingallday.It’sboring.教練讓我們整天做同樣的事情，真乏味4)Asyouhaveneverbeentherebefore,I’llhavesomeoneshowyoutheway.既然你以前沒去過，那我找人帶你去。7.Teacrossvt.碰到(遇到,無意中發(fā)現(xiàn))

She,cameacrosssomeoldphotographsinadrawer.

她在抽屜里偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)一些舊照片.Incarryingouttheplanweareboundtocomeacrossdifficulties,butwearedeterminedtoovercomethemall.

我們在實行這個計劃時必然會遇到困難，但我們有決心把它們一一克服。I,cameacrossanoldschoolfriendinOxfordStreetthismorn