2021-2022年寧夏回族自治區(qū)吳忠市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)真題(含答案)

2021-2022年寧夏回族自治區(qū)吳忠市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)真題(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.Married,WithMoney

Youfightoverfinances,right?Here'showtokeepthecashandthepassion.

BrianGreenbergisacollegefinancialplanner,butonarecentmorninghefeltmorelikeamarriagecounselor.Thecouplesittinginhisoffice,nearCherryHill,NewJersey,wasseekingadviceaboutapplyingforfinancialaidfortheman'ssonfromapreviousmarriage."Whentheywalkedin,"Geenbergrecalls,"Icouldfeelthehostility."

Theincomefromthewife'sbusiness,whichshehadstartedbeforetheymarried,wasmodest,butitwasjustenoughtolimittheamountofaidthesoncouldreceive.Thehusbandwantedhertoincorporatetoreducetheirincome,therebyallowingthesontoqualifyformoreaid.Shedidn'twanttogothroughthecomplicatedincorporationprocess,butfeltpressuredbyherhusband."Hewassaying,'I'mentitledtodowhatIwantbecauseI'mmakingthemoneythatpaysthebills,'"recallsGreenberg."Thatkindofthinkingunderminesarelationship."

Muchofthistypeofanimosity(仇恨)canbeavoidedifonlycoupleswouldtalkaboutmoneybeforetheygetmarried,saysMaryClaireAllvine,acertifiedfinancialplannerinChicagoandAtlantaandco-authorofThe7MostImportantMoneyDecisionsYou'llEverMake.Withoutthistalk,it'sunlikelythatcoupleshaveanactualplanfortheirlivestogether.

StudieshaveshownthatdisagreementsovermoneyaretheNo.1causeoffrictioninamarriage.Andforsome,they'retheNo.1reasonfordivorce.

Sowhycansomecouplesweatherfinancialupsanddownswhileotherssplitoverahouseholdbudget?Thekeytosuccessistofindthecommonground—thesharedvaluesabouthow,aspartners,youwanttoliveyourJivestogether.Herearesometipsforexecutingamoneyplanwithoutlosingthepassion.

Thinkbigandputitinbuckets.Aftercoupleshavepaidtheirfixedexpenses,theyoftenfindthemselvesdisagreeingoverhowtospendwhat'sleft-payoffthecreditcardsorgetthatHDTVoneofthemhasbeencraving.

Toavoidsuchclashes,talkaboutyourdreams.Allvine'sresearchsayscoupleswhodon'tgetboggeddownwithday-to-daybudgetingdetailsareusuallythemostsuccessfulwiththeirmoney."Youcan'tsaytothespender,Okay,youcanonlyspend$50amonth.It'slikeputtingpeopleonadietwheretheycanlastforawhilebutthentheyjustbingeandeataloafofbread.Thespenderwillsay,"I'llcutback.Andthentheystartcuttingouttheextracupofcoffee.Butit'srarelythecoffeethatputsthemindebt.It’sthehometheycan'taffordortheeartheyshouldn'tbedriving."

Allvinerecommendssortingyourbigdreams-startingabusiness,owningahome,savingforavacation-intocategories,orbuckets."Whenyounamethebucket,youknowwhatthatmoneyisfor,andyouwon'tuseitforanythingelse.That'showcouplesgettotheirgoals-theypaythemselvesfirstforthebigthings."

Everyoneneedstheprenuptial(結(jié)婚前的)talk.Astoday'scouplesmarrylater,orremarry,theyfacebigchallengescombiningresources.Onespousemaybringchildrenfromapreviousmarriage;anothermightbecaringforelderlyparents.Thenew-thinksays,richornot,youmayneedaprenuptialagreement."Itmakessensetothinkthingsthroughearlyon,"saysMellodyHobson,presidentofArielCapitalManagementinChicago.

ButCarrieSchwab-Pomerantz,co-author,withherfather,CharlesSchwab,ofItPaystoTalk,hasadifferenttake:"Noteveryoneneedstosignaprenuptialdocument-buteveryoneshouldhavetheprenuptialconversation."

Thepoint,saysSchwab-Pomerantz,istogetanideaofeachother'smoneypersonality."Ifsomeonehasalotofdebt,thatcanreflectsomepersonalityissuesthathisorherpartnerneedstoknowabout.Howyoudealwithmoneyisareflection

A.YB.NC.NG

2.

HurricaneAndrewwasthesecondcostliestnaturaldisasterintheUnitedStates.

3.

Thedevelopmentofthehydrogenstationnetworkwouldbegreatlyaffectedbytheprocessof__________________ofstoragetechnology.

4.

SomecarrierspushedtheirvoicetrafficovertheInternetbecause______.

5.

Beingavolunteerishelpfulbecausevolunteerassignmentscanprovideyouwithchancestomeet______people.

6.

Theauthordoesanassessmentofallhigh-riskurbanareasintheU.S.

A.YB.NC.NG

7.

Whichofthefollowingcanhelpyousleepbetter?

A.Orangeandbakingsoda.

B.Onionandcelery.

C.Almondsandsesameoil.

D.Oilandbakingsoda.

8.

Whatisthemainfunctionofcyanobacteria?

A.Tomakemoreduststorms.

B.Tokeepthesoilflying.

C.Tokeepthesoiltotheground.

D.Tocreatemorerocks.

9.

SomeoftheSun'sradiationthatisabsorbedbytheEarth'ssurfacebecomesheatenergyintheform.of______.

10.Childrenshouldlearnmoreresponsibilityfortheirhealththroughclassesin______.

11.Whenpeoplemanagetogetawaywithlying,manyofthem______.

A.areproudofthemselves

B.willmakelyingahabit

C.feelashamedandguilty

D.areheldingreataffection

12.

Nuclearpowercanbeutilizedasanelectricalpower,butitmaybecomeasourceofearthquakes.

A.YB.NC.NG

13.

Accordingtoageneraldefinition,amaturetreewouldbeatleast______.

14.

Sincetaughenedglasscanreplaceshuttersindowntownstores,itprovidesthestorewith______.

15.FortheentireIditarodrace,asleddogteamhastoeatsomuchasto______.

16.

Sociolectsoftendevelopduetosocialdivisionswithinasociety,suchasthoseof______.

17.

Theconfusioninpiconetswill______merelyatinyfractionofasecond.

18.

Peopletendtousecaloriewhenreferringtofoodkilocalorie.

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

OnAugust3Vegaheldherfirstonlineconcertatwhichsheinteractedwithherfansinacompletelycomputer-fabricatedworld.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.TheGeodesicDome(圓頂層)—theHouseoftheFuture?

R.BuckminsterFullerspentmuchoftheearly20thcenturylookingforwaystoimprovehumanshelterbyapplyingmoderntechnologicalknow-howtoshelterconstruction,makingsheltermorecomfortableandefficient,andmoreeconomicallyavailabletoagreaternumberofpeople.

Afteracquiringsomeexperienceinthebuildingindustryanddiscoveringthetraditionalpracticesandperceptionswhichseverelylimitchangesandimprovementsinconstructionpractices,Fullercarefullyexaminedandimprovedinteriorstructureequipment,includingthetoilet,theshower,andthebathroomasawhole.Hestudiedstructureshells,anddevisedanumberofalternatives,eachlessexpensive,lighter,andstrongerthantraditionalwood,brick,andstonebuildings.

In1944,theUnitedStatessufferedaserioushousingshortage.GovernmentofficialsknewthatFullerhaddevelopedaprototypeoffamilydwellingwhichcouldbeproducedrapidly,usingthesameequipmentwhichhadpreviouslybuiltwar-timeairplanes.Theycouldbe"installed"anywhere,thewayatelephoneisinstalled,andwithlittleadditionaldifficulty.WhenoneofficialflewtoWichita,Kansastoseethishouse,whichBeechAircraftandFullerbuilt,themanreportedlygasped,"MyGod!Thisisthehouseofthefuture!"

Soon,unsolicitedcheckspouredinfrompeoplewhowantedtopurchasethisnewkindofhouse,butFullerwasneverabletogetitintofullproduction.Thiswasduetomanyobstaclessuchasonlyunioncontractorswereabletohookthehousesuptowater,powerandsewersinmanycities.However,becausethehouseswerealreadywiredandhadtheplumbinginstalledbytheaircraftcompany,manyconstructiontradeunionsmadeitclearthattheywouldnotworkonthehouses.Therewerealsoin-housedifferencesbetweenFullerandthestockholders.Fullerdidnotfeelthehousedesignwascomplete;therewereproblemshewantedtofix.Butthestockholderswantedtomoveahead.However,themainobstructionwasobtainingthefinancingforthetoolingcosts,whichwerepurposefullynotincludedinthenegotiationswithinvestors.Nobankwouldfinancetheprojectwithunionproblemsandstockholderbattles.

Afterthewar,Fuller'seffortsfocusedontheproblemofhowtobuildashelterwhichissolightweightthatitcanbedeliveredbyair.Sheltershouldbemobilewhichwouldrequiregreatbreakthroughsintheweight-reductionofthematerials.Technologywouldhavetofollownature'sdesignasseenbythespider'swebwhichcanfloatinahurricanebecauseofitshighstrength-to-weightratio.NewshelterwouldhavetobedesignedthatassimilatestheseprinciplesandthatwasFuller'sintent.

OneofthewaysBuckminsterFullerwoulddescribethedifferencesinstrengthbetweenarectangleandatrianglewouldbeapplypressuretobothstructures.Therectanglewouldfoldupandbeunstablebutthetrianglewithstandsthepressureandismuchmorerigid—infactthetriangleistwiceasstrong.Thisprincipledirectedhisstudiestowardcreatinganewarchitecturaldesign,thegeodesicdome,basedalsouponhisideaof"doingmorewithless".Fullerdiscoveredthatifasphericalstructurewascreatedfromtriangles,itwouldhaveincomparablestrength.

Thesphereusesthe"doingmorewithless"principleinthatitenclosesthelargestvolumeofinteriorspacewiththeleastamountofsurfaceareathussavingonmaterialsandcost.Fullerreintroducedtheideathatwhenthesphere'sdiameterisdoubleditwillquadrupleitssquarefootageandproduceeighttimesthevolume.

Thespherical(球形的)structureofadomeisoneofthemostefficientinterioratmospheresforhumandwellingsbecauseairandenergyareallowedtocirculatewithoutobstruction.Thisenablesheatingandcoolingto

A.YB.NC.NG

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.聽力原文：W:Hey!Ifyoucan'tenjoythatatasensiblevolume,pleaseuseearphones.I'mtryingtostudy.

M:Oh!I'msorry.Ididn'trealizeitwasbotheringyou.

Q:Whatisthemanprobablydoing?

(13)

A.Singingloudly.

B.Listeningtomusic.

C.Studying.

D.Talkingonthephone.

22.聽力原文：M:Ow！Thathurts!

W:Whathappened?Didyoucutyourself?.

M:Yes—ontheedgeofthispaper.Howcansuchalittlecuthurtsomuch?I'mnotevenbleeding,butmyfingerreallyhurts.

W:Youknow,Ireadsomethingaboutthat.Itturnsoutthatalittlecutonafingercanhurtalotmorethanabigcutsomewhereelse.

M:Why?Thatdoesn'tmakeanysense.

W:Actually,itdoes.Therearemorenerveendingsinyourhandsthanalmostanywhereelseinthebody,andit'sthenerveendingsthatallowyoutofeelpain.

M:Iguessthat'strue.

W:Also,alittlecutlikeyourswon'tdamagethenerveendings,justirritatethem.Iftheyweredamaged,you'dfeellesspain,butthewoundcouldbemoreserious.

M:SoIsupposeIshouldbehappymyfingerhurtssomuch?

W:Right.Nowgogetyourselfbandage.

M:Why?Youjusttoldmeit'snotserious.

W:It'snot,butitdoesseemtobebotheringyou.Puttingabandageoverthecutwillkeeptheskinfromdryingandwillhelpkeeptheskintogether.Iftheskinstaystogether,thenerveendingswon'tbeexposed,andthecutwillhurtless.

(24)

A.Howmuchthecuthurt.

B.Howdeepthecutwas.

C.Howeasilyhewascut.

D.Howconcernedthewomanwas.

23.(26)

A.HebelievesthatisitagoodideatodoallofthethingsthatBettyandBillsuggested.

B.HeagreeswithBetty.

C.Hebelievesthatgoingtoclassisthebestwaytolearnaforeignlanguage.

D.Hebelievesthatitisidealtoliveinacountrywherethelanguageisspoken.

24.聽力原文：M:Canyouhelpme?Thisismyfirsttimetodoit.

W:It'seasy.Allyoudoistoputthewormonthehook,loosenthelineandcastit.

Q:Whataretheydoing?

(13)

A.Sailingaboat.

B.Catchingaworm.

C.Fishing.

D.Hangingclothes.

25.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽力原文：M:MayIaskwhereAnne'sClothingStoreislocated?

W:Ofcourse.Justkeepwalkingdownforanother3blocksandit'llbeonyourrightbetweenthepostofficeandthecourthouse.

Q:Whereisthisdialogueoccurring?

(12)

A.AtAnne'sClothingStore.

B.Insideashoppingcenter.

C.Atadowntownstreet.

D.Inasuburbanresidentialdistrict.

26.(34)

A.Itmeansyouareinanothercountry.

B.Itmemosyouareinabadmood.

C.Itmeansyouhavemadeamistake.

D.Itmeansyouhavesometroubletohandle.

27.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：ExportersaregoingtohavetochangeiftheyhopetopenetratethelargeEuropeanmarkets.TheEuropeanUnion(EU)haslaunchedatwo-sidedattackonpackagingwaste.Itwantsbothtodecreasesharplytheamountofpackagingwastethatisgeneratedandtoincreasethelevelofrecyclingnecessarypackaging.Toaccomplishtheseobjectives,twokeytargetshavebeenestablished.First,by1998,60percentofpackagewastebyweighthastoberecoverableforrecyclingorotherusesandby2003,thepercentagetoreach90．Thesecondtargetrequiresthatmorethan10percentbyweightofthewasteremainstobedisposedof(e.g.inlandfills).TheindividualEUcountriesarefreetodetermineontheirownbywhatmethodstheywant.toachievethesetargetsandhowtheywillfinancethesenecessarywasterecoveryinfrastructures.Mostcountrieswillplacethelargestpartofburdenonthosemanufacturing,using,orsellingpackaging.Marketershavebeenencouragedtoadoptthefourenvironmentallycorrectredesign,reduce,reuse,andrecycle.Germany,whichhasbeenthefront-runnerinissue,requiresproducers,importers,distributors,wholesalers,andretailerstotakepackagingfromtheircustomerstouseorrecyclingindependentlyofthepublicwastedisposalsystem.ThesecriteriawilldirectlyaffectU,S.andotherexportersseekingmarketsinEurope.Ifpackaging-ofexportsdoesnotmeettheEUrequirements,productsmaybedeniedentry.ExporterstotheEUwillseekoutdistributorswithexperienceindealingwithwastemanagementrequirements.Whilethesystemisaburden,itofferssomebenefits.Cuttingdownonpackagingcansaveonmaterialsandshippingcosts.

(27)

A.TheUSshouldcatchuptoEuropeanenvironmentalstandards.

B.AmericanexportersmustadapttonewregulationsinEurope.

C.TheUSshouldbemoresensitivetoenvironmentalissues.

D.TheEU'snewregulationsareaburden.

28.聽力原文：M:Howwasthetrip,Ellen?

W:Itwasallright,onlytheplaneshouldhavetakenoffat14:00,butitwasgroundedfortwohoursandfifteenminutesbecauseofbadweather.

Q:Whendidtheplanetakeoff?

(15)

A.At6:15.B.At5:50.C.At16:05.D.At16:15.

29.(44)

30.(39)

31.(32)

A.Respectforeducationandelders.

B.Wealthyparents.

C.Excellentlearningfacilities.

D.Betterintelligenceandhealth.

32.聽力原文：M:Whatdidyoudolastnight?

W:IwatchedTV.TherewasareallygoodmoviecalledSoylentGreen.

M:SoylentGreen?

W:Yeah.CharltonHestonwasinit.

M:What'sitabout?

W:Oh,it'saboutlifeinNewYorkintheyear2022.

M:IwonderifNewYorkwillstillbeherein2022.

W:Inthismovie,in2022…

M:Yeah?

W:…NewYorkhasfortymillionpeople.

M:Ouch!

W:Andtwentymillionofthemareunemployed.

M:HowmanypeopleliveinNewYorknow?Aboutsevenoreightmillion?

W:Yeah,Ithinkthat'sright.

M:Mm-hmm.Youknow,ifit'shardenoughtofindanapartmentnowinNewYorkCity,what'sitgoingtobelikein2022?

W:Well,inthismoviemostpeoplehavenoapartment.Sothousandssleeponthestepsofbuildings.Peoplewhodohaveaplacetolivehavetocrawloversleepingpeopletogetinside.Andthereareshortagesofeverything.Thesoilissopollutedthatnothingwillgrow.Andtheairissopollutedthattheyneverseethesun.It'sreallyawful.

M:IthinkI'mgoingtoavoidgoingtoNewYorkCityintheyear2022.

W:Andtherewasthisscenewherethestar,CharltonHeston,goesintoahousewheresomeveryrichpeoplelive.

M:Uh-huh.

(23)

A.Wenttoacinema.

B.WatchedTV.

C.Washedclothes.

D.Wentonstreet,

33.(25)

A.Shewascompensatedfinanciallyandbegandoingwhatsheenjoyed.

B.Sherealizedherdreamthatsheneverquitemadeintoreality.

C.Sheenjoyedhercareerandwaspreparedforchangesinlife.

D.Shewasfreefromeverydayroutineandfoundanewjob.

34.(28)

A.Theythoughttobuythingsbeforethepriceswentup.

B.TheyboughtthingsbecausetheyrememberedtheGreatDepression.

C.Theywereconcernedaboutspendingmoney.

D.Theydidn'twanttospoiltheftchildren.

35.聽力原文：M:NowsupposeIwastostayathomeanddoallthehouseworkandlookafterthechildrenwhilemywifewentouttowork.Whatwouldyouthinkaboutthat?

W:IfI'mgoingtobelogical,no.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(19)

A.Shecanfindawayout.

B.Whatthemansaidislogical.

C.Whatthemansaidisillogical.

D.Sheagreestowhatthemansaid.

36.

【B6】

37.聽力原文：M:Goodmorning.Isthiswhereweshouldcometoaddordropacourse?

W:Yes,itis.Justwritethenameofthecourseyouwanttodroponthisblueform.

M:Great!SowheredoIwritethenameoftheastronomycoursethatIwanttoadd?

W:Sorry,it'stoolatetoaddacourse.Youshouldonlyaddcoursestwoweeksintothissemester.AndFridaywasthelastday.

M:ButI'masenior.AndifIdroppedtheclassandcouldn'taddin,Iwouldn'thaveenoughcreditstograduate.

W:So,whatyouhavetodothenistogettheprofessor'sapprovalandhavehimsignthespecialaddform.Thenbringitbacktome,andIputittothrough.

M:Okay.Thanks,IhopeI'llbeabletofindtherightperson.

(20)

A.Howtodropacourse.

B.Themanneedsadviceaboutwhichclassestotake.

C.Howtogettheapprovaloftheprofessor.

D.Howtoaddacoursetotheman'sschedule.

38.

【B10】

39.聽力原文：M:IheardPerfectElectronicsisgoingtoholdinterviewsoncampusnextweek,

W:Yes,onwhatday?I'dliketotalktothemanddropoffmyresume.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?

(14)

A.GetajobonCampus.

B.Takeanelectronicscompany.

C.Visittheelectronicscompany.

D.Applyforajobwiththeelectronicscompany.

40.(29)

A.TheSpanishCivilWar.

B.TheFirstWorldWar.

C.TheSecondWorldWar.

D.Thefutilityofwar.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

TheBritishimposedstrongtaxesonAmericansbecause______.

42.

UriShamir'sviewpointisthat______.

A.nationsinthatregionarejustfightingforwater

B.peopletherearethirstyforpeaceinsteadofwater

C.waterisnoproblemaslongasthereispeace

D.thosenationshaveeveryreasontofightforwater

43.TheauthortookAfricaasanexampleinordertoshow______.

A.thepoliticaladvancementinsomeAfricancountries

B.thesophisticatedeconomyinsomeAfricancountries

C.theartisticcomplexityinsomeAfricancountries

D.theunderdevelopedculturesinsomeAfricancountries

44.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Theroleofmanagerisanothercriticalcomponentinthedevelopmentofanoffice-systemscareer.Onestudyreportedthatin76percentoftheorganizationssurveyedsupervisorswereinvolvedincareerdevelopment.Becauseofdailycontactwithemployeesandpersonalcontactwithothermanagers,themanagercanassistoffice-systemsemployeesintheircareerdevelopmentinmanyways.Managerscandelegatetheirsubordinates'assignmentswhichpromotegrowth.Inaddition,managerscanproviderealisticassessmentsoftheirsubordinates'careerpotential.Suchfeedbackcantaketheform.ofcoachingemployeestostrengthenanypersonalorprofessionalweaknesses.

Somemanagersmightbecomementorstotheirsubordinates,thusimprovingtheirchancesforcareersuccess.Amentorusuallyisasuperiororexperiencedpeerwithintheemployee'sorganization.Thementorassumesaprofessionalinterestinanother'scareerandactsinanadvisorycapacitytothatindividual.Generallyamentorarrangesfortheemployeetomeetthe"rightpeople"andtomakethe"rightmoves,"thushelpingtheemployeetoacquirerecognitionofandacceptancebythemanagerialnetwork.However,evenwhenmanagersshowaninterestintheirsubordinates'careers,problemscanoccur.

Somemanagersmightlacksufficientpowerwithintheirorganizationstobesuccessfulmentorsormightbereluctanttobecomeamentorforanaspiring(有抱負(fù)的)femaleemployeebecauseofthepossibilityofofficegossip.Othermanagersmightresistthementorrolebecausemanagersmaynotberewardedbytheirorganizationsforengagingincareerdevelopmentactivitiesfortheirsubordinates.

Otherdilemmasforbothmanagerandsubordinatecouldarisewhenthecareerdevelopmentprocessislinkedtothemanager'staskofperformanceappraisal.Thecareerdevelopmentprocessisnotaseffectivewhenitistiedtoemployeeassessmentforjobpromotionsandsalaryincreases.

Mostemployeeswouldbereluctanttoriskrevealinganycareerinadequaciesordoubtstotheirevaluators.Therefore,employeesshouldtakechargeoftheirowncareerdevelopment.

Managersplayanimportantpartinthedevelopmentofanoffice-systemscareerbecause______.

45.Astudyofpeoplewhousedcellphonesforanaverageoflessthanthreeyearsfoundnoevidencethedevicescausebraincancer.Theresearchdidn't,however,answerthequestionofwhetherlonger-termuseisdangerous.Thestudyof891peopledidfindaslightlyincreasedriskforararetypeofbraincancer,buttheresearcherssaiditwasnotstatisticallysignificant.Whiletheyacknowledgedlonger-termstudiesareneeded,theresearcherssaidtheoverallresultsshouldreassurethemorethan86millioncell-phoneusersnationwide."Wefeelconfidentthattheresultsreflectthatcellphonesdon'tseemtocausebraincancer,"saidepidemiologistJoshuaMuscat,ascientistattheAmericanHealthFoundationwhohelpedleadthestudy.

PublicationofMuscat'sresearchpromptedtheNewEnglandJournalofMedicinetoreleaseastudyshowingsimilarresults.Thestudy,ledbyNationalCancerInstituteresearchers,lookedat782braincancerpatientsand799peoplewithoutcancer.Maximumcell-phoneusewasatleastanhourperdayforfiveormoreyears,andnobrain-cancerlinkwasfoundevenatthatlevel.

Unlikeregulartelephones,handheldcellphonescontainanantennainsidethereceiver,whichputstheuser'sbrainclosetotheelectromagneticradiowavestheantennaemits.SincecellphoneswereintroducedintheUnitedStatesin1984,conflictingdatahaveemergedfromsafetystudiesonanimalsandhumans.

TheFoodandDragAdministration(FAD)hassaidthereisnoevidencethatthephonesareunsafe,butithasjoinedwithwirelessindustryinsponsoringresearchonthedevices.Somecell-phonemakershavealsostarteddisclosingtheirproducts'radiationlevels.

Anotherstudyinvolvedphone-usequestionnairesgivento469menandwomenaged18to80withbraincanceranda422-membercancer-freecontrolgroup.Cell-phonesusewasslightlymorecommonamongthecancer-freeparticipants,thoughaveragecell-phoneuseforbothgroupswasunderthreehoursmonthlyforlessthanthreeyears.

Theamountanddurationofcell-phoneusewerenotrelatedtoanincreasebraincancerriskexceptforatypeofneuron-celltumorcalledneuroepitheliomatouscancer.Ofthe35patientswiththisraretumor,14percentusedcell-phones.

Inthefirstparagraph,itcanbeconcludedthat______.

A.peoplehavenoneedtoworrycellphonescancausecancer

B.itisnotdangerousforlong-termcell-phoneusers

C.cell-phoneusersreassurethemaboutusingcell-phones

D.theyfoundaslightlyincreasedriskforararetypeofbraincancer

46.Basically,therearethreetypesoffatigue:physical,pathological(由疾病引起的),andpsychological.Asyoumightsuspect,eachdifferssignificantlyfromtheothers.

Whenyouexerciseyourbodyyouproducewasteproducts.Muscles,forexample,discardlacticacid(乳酸)intotheblood;cellsdumpincarbondioxide,Whenthesewastesreachacertainlevelintheblood,thebrainisnotifiedandyouractivityleveldrops.Excesswastesinthemusclesmayproducesoreness.Ifthebloodofaphysicallyfatiguedanimalisinjectedintoarestedanimal,itwillproducefatigue.Thesolutiontothistypeoffatigueissimple—rest.Thatshouldreviveyou;ifitdoesn't,anothercauseshouldbesought.

Haveyoueverbecomeinvolvedinsomanyactivitiesthatyouhadtobeintwoplacesatonce?Thisiswhathappenswhenyourbodyhasadisease.Thecellsareovertaxedandcannotkeepupwithbothfightingthediseaseandkeepingyouactive.Theresultisfatigue.Somecommunicablediseaseslikethefluandcoldsarenotoriousfordrainingyourenergy.Othernon-communicablediseases,likeanemia(貧血),drainyoubecauseyouarelackinganimportantbodyingredient.Beingoverweightcancausepathologicalfatigue.Itshouldbeobviousthatthistypeoffatigueisnotgoingtogoawaywithouttreatment.Inaway,pathologicalfatigueisalifesaver.Itletsyouknowsomethingiswrongandthatyouneedrest.Evenapoordietcanproducepathologicalfatigue.Frequently,peoplewhogooncrashdietsdeveloppathologicalfatigue,andifthedietisnotimproved,theymaydophysicalharmtotheirbodies.

Hereisthemostcommontypeoffatigue.Almosteverybodyexperiencesitnowandthen.Often,thecauseisanemotionalwaryouarewagingwithyourselforthosearoundyou.Someofthesefamiliarfactorscanbringonpsychologicalfatigue,worries,stress,lackofexercise,boredom,depression.Ifyouknowsomeonewithpsychologicalfatigue,wouldyouadvisehimtorest?Noway!Thatmightbefineforourothertypesoffatigue,butforthisone,it'sdeadly.Ifyouareevergoingtobeabletocopewithstress,depression,orworry,youneedoxygeninyourcellsandamoreoptimisticattitude.Getoutofthechairanddosomething!Believeitornot,manypeoplet