2022-2023年山西省長(zhǎng)治市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)模擬考試(含答案)

2022-2023年山西省長(zhǎng)治市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)模擬考試(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Landcanbepollutedby______fromagriculture.

A.heavymetals

B.pesticidesandnitrate-poorfertilizers

C.slurryfromlivestock

D.rubbish

2.

Thepsychologistfoundthatmanypeoplefelt______whentheyarrivedattheiroffice.

3.

Inordertomakethecasesmostproperlypresented,theshow'screatorsaregoingtouseallkindsof______.

4.

LisaPerezfoundanewinterestinhomemakingduringtheperiodofunemployment.

A.YB.NC.NG

5.

Becauselittleresearchhadbeendoneontheexplanationofhappiness,beforegoingintothelab,Lyubomirskyhaddonesome______.

6.

OsierwasafamousscholarinEnglishliteratureaswellasagreatphysician.

A.YB.NC.NG

7.

PaulTranterfindsthateightypercentofthechildrenwereallowedtovisitplacesotherthanschoolalonein______.

A.AustraliaB.NewZealandC.GermanyD.Britain

8.

Accordingtoahoaxannouncement,theTacoBellCorporationboughttheLibertyBellandmovedittoIrvinetohelp______

9.

ThesuccessofEdison,PicassoorevenShakespeareliesontheirabilityto______ratherthanmerecreativecapacity.

10.Ifyoulearnthe______,yourfocusonrelaxation,enjoymentandhealthwillreducestress,anxietyandworry.

11.

Inflammatoryheadacheswilloccurwhenmucuscannotflowfreelythroughthesinusesandcausestoomuchstresson______.

12.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

TheShyArchitect

Castingaboutforsomeonetorunabigfamilyfirnwhenasuccessfultyrantisduetoretireisusuallyatroublesomebusiness.WhenthefirmisstillcontrolledbythesamefamilythatfoundeditbackwhenJohnD.RockefellerwasgobblinguprefineriesinCleveland,itbecomesstillmoredaunting.AddthefactthattherulingfamilyisParsees,asmallZoroastriansectwhohavebeenintermarryinginIndiaforoverathousandyears,andtheoddsoffindingsomeonewhoisuptothejoblengthenagain.

The"individualist"or"loner"

Yetafterindifferentearlyreviews,RatanTatahastransformedtheTatagroup,ofwhichheischairman.Whenhetookoverfromhisuncle,J.R.D.Tata,itwasatroublesomeconglomerate(企業(yè)集團(tuán))withstakesinahugecollectionofcompaniesthatseemedlikelytowitherinthefaceofforeigncompetition.Nowitmakesforeignacquisitionsandventuresintounfamiliarmarkets.TataSteel'sbiddingwarwithCSN,aBrazilianfirm,overCorus,anAnglo-Dutchsteelmaker,isjustoneexampleoftheonce-staidgroup'snewboldness.Mr.TarawasrecentlyvotedIndianoftheyearbyviewersofanIndiantelevisionchannel,beatingbothSachinTendulkar,India'sgreatestcricketer,andAishwaryaRai,thecountry'smostfamousscreengoddess.Andhehassucceededpartlybecauseheiswhathisfriendscallanindividualist,andothersmightcallaloner.

Mr.Tatadoeshotlikepublicityandavoidstheplatformsandapplauseofconferences.Helivesfrugally,doesnotdrinkorsmokeandseemsbaffledbytheideaoftimespentnotworking.Askedwhathewoulddowithit,heusuallyrepliesthathewouldwalkhisdogalongthebeachnearMumbai.Hedoesnotseemtobemotivatedbymoney,andtalksconstantlyaboutfairnessanddoingtherightthing."IwanttobeabletogotobedatnightandsaythatIhaven'thurtanybody."Mr.TarasaystwiceinthecourseofaninterviewatahotelinNewDelhiownedbythesprawlinggroup.

Mr.Tatabecamechairmanin1991,justasIndia'seconomywasopeningup.Hisuncle,whohadrunTataformorethan50years,hadstartedTataAirlines(whichbecameAirIndia)andwastoIndiawhatGianniAgnelliofFiatwastoItaly.Hewasagood-lookingphilanthropist(慈善家)withaFrenchwifeandheldthefirstpilot'slicencetobeissuedinIndia.Hisshyandunglamorousnephew,incontrast,trainedasanarchitectatCornellUniversity,joinedquietlyintothefamilyfirmandwasnotmarkedoutforthesuccessionevenwhenhis:unclewasduetoretire.

DespitealltheglorythatsurroundedJ.R.D.,whenheretiredin1991,Tatawasagroupofcompaniesill-equippedtodealwiththechangesabouttosweepthroughIndia.Itearnedmostofitsmoneyinold-fashionedindustriesthathadgrownfatduringthecentrallyplanned"licenceraj",whenthegovernmentsetlimitsonhowmuchfirmswereallowedtoproduceandprotectedthemfromforeigncompetitors.

Thestakesheldbythefamilyinmanyofthe300-oddcompaniesinthegroupweretiny,andthemainTatabusinesseswererunasindependentfiefsbymenmucholderthanMr.Tata.TheymighthaveexpectedMr.Tata,whohadneverheldanexecutiveposition,toleavethemalone.Instead,heretiredthem,improvingtheirpensionstosoftentheblow.HesoldstakesinsomecompaniesandusedcashfromthesalesandrevenuefromTataConsultancyServices,I

A.difficultB.hopefulC.uncertainD.convenient

13.

OneoftheeducationalactivitiesinEastHarlemHealthyHeartProgramis______.

14.

InThailand,themostpopularsecondlanguagenowadaysisChinese.

A.YB.NC.NG

15.Byusingacheckcard,aconsumerreceivescreditaswellasamonthlybillwhenabuyingisdone.

16.

Theauthorsuggeststhatcouplesshouldgivefirstpriorityto______.

17.

Notonlyhumansbutalsowildlifefacesthecrisisofwatershortage.

A.YB.NC.NG

18.

Thereisjustalotmorecompetitionontheemployers'sideatthispoint,andtheyarefeelingmorepressureto______.

19.

Inthecaseofdischarge,apatientcangetdischargeinstructionsexplainingmedications,othertreatmentsand______.

20.AccordingtoRubin,theeffectofAuto-Tuneonsingersmaybe______.

A.positiveB.negativeC.exaggeratedD.underestimated

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：Therearetwobasicwaystoseegrowth:oneasaproduct,theotherasaprocess.Peoplehavegenerallyviewedpersonalgrowthasanexternalresultorproductthatcaneasilybeidentifiedandmeasured.

Bycontrast,theprocessofpersonalgrowthismuchmoredifficulttodetermine,sincebydefinitionitisajourneyandnotthespecificlandmarksalongtheway.Theprocessisnottheroaditself,butrathertheattitudesandfeelingspeoplehave,theircautionorcourage,astheyencounternewexperiencesandunexpectedobstacles.Inthisprocess,thejourneyneverreallyends;therearealwaysnewwaystoexperiencetheworld,newideastotry,newchallengestoaccept.

Inordertogrow,totravelnewroads,peopleneedtohaveawillingnesstotakerisks,toconfronttheunknown,andtoacceptthepossibilitythattheymay"fail"atfirst.Howweseeourselvesaswetryanewwayofbeingisessentialtoourabilitytogrow.Doweperceiveourselvesasquickandcurious?Ifso,thenwetendtomakemorechancesandtobemoreopentounfamiliarexperiences.Dowethinkwe'reslowtoadapttochangeorthatwe'renotsmartenoughtocopewithanewchallenge?Thenwearelikelytotakeamorepassiveroleornottryatall.

Thesefeelingsofinsecurityandself-doubtarebothunavoidableandnecessaryifwearetochangeandgrow.Ifwedonotconfrontandovercometheseinternalfearsanddoubts,ifweprotectourselvestoomuch,thenweceasetogrow.Webecometrappedinsideashellofourownmaking.

Questions30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

30.Whyisitdifficulttodeterminepersonalgrowthasaprocess?

31.Whatdowelearnaboutpeoplewhoconsiderthemselvesasquickandcurious?

32.Whatisunavoidableduringtheprocessofourgrowthaccordingtothespeaker?

(27)

A.Itsdefinitioniscomplex.

B.Itisajourneythatneverends.

C.Therearetoomanylandmarks.

D.Thedistanceistoolongtomeasure.

22.聽力原文：W:ThisisthemostfascinatingarticlethatI'veeverread.

M:Oh,really?Iwouldhavethoughtthatanythingaboutelectronicswouldbetedious.

Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?

(15)

A.Thewomanshouldimproveherwriting.

B.Thewomanshouldavoidreadingaboutelectronics.

C.Thearticlehastechnicalerrors.

D.Theelectronicsfielddoesn'tinteresthim.

23.

【B6】

24.聽力原文：Influenza,ortheflu,attacksuptoonebillionpeopleannually.IntheUS,itkills20,000annually,mostofwhomarechildrenorelderly.Occasionallytheflubecomespandemic:in1918,itkilled20millionpeopleworldwide.(32)Thefluisakindofinfectionwhichspreadsthroughtheairbycoughing,sneezing,orsimplytalking.Itisnotcausedbygettingcaughtinarainstormorbysleepingwiththefanorair-conditioningon.

(33)Itdoesn'tsneakuponyouforthefirstfewdays,likeacolddoes.Allofasudden,youfeelweak,youhaveahighfever,youhavechills,yoncoughfrequentlyandforcefully,yourthroatissore,andyourbodyaches.

Formostadults,thetreatmentistosimplywaititout:stayhome,getlotsofbedrest,drinklotsoffluids,andtakeover-the-countermedicationssuchasaspirinandpain-killers.Symptomsusuallygoawaywithintwoweeks.(34)Fortheelderlyandyoung,itmaybecomeabacterialinfectionwithdeadlyconsequences,becausethevictimbecomestooweaktobattlethedisease.Thedeathrateforthegeneralpopulationisaboutonein1,000.(34)Thosemostsusceptibletosevereeffectsofthefluarepeopleover65andpeoplewithchronicheartorlungproblems.

FluseasonintheUSisusuallyfromDecembertoMarch.(35)Thebestprevention,ofcourse,istostayawayfrominfectedpeople.Sincethatisalmostimpossible,thenextbestpreventivestrategyistogetanannualflushot.Thisvaccinereducesthenumberofpeoplewhogetinfected--andwhodie--yearly.

(33)

A.Bygettingincaughtbyarainstorm.

B.Bysleepingwiththeair-conditioningon.

C.Bytalkingwiththeinfectedpeople.

D.Byhavingabadventilationsystem.

25.(43)

26.(42)

27.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽力原文：M:Goodmorning!I'dliketomakeadeposittomysavingsaccount,butI'veforgottentobringmyidentitycard.

W:Itdoesn'tmatter,sir.Remembertobringthisreceiptwithyouthenexttimeyoucomein,alongwithyouridentitycard.

Q:Wheredidtheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

(12)

A.Atalaboratory.

B.Atabank.

C.Inaclassroom.

D.Inadepartmentstore.

28.聽力原文：Interviewer:GoodmorningMr.Pitt.Dositdown.Firstofall,Mr.Pitt,Iknowthatyou'vegotAlevelsatschool.Whatsubjectsdidyoutake?

Pitt:Itookfoursubjects,French,German,chemistryandart.Chemistrywasn'tmycupoftea,butarthasalwaysbeen.

Interviewer:Isee.NowMr.Pitt,whatabouthobbiesandinterests?Er,whatdoyoudoinyoursparetime?

Pitt:Ilikejazz,traditionalandfolkmusic.Idon'tplayofcourse,butIgotoquiltalotofconcertsandIgotothetheateroccasionallyandactabitmyself.I'minthelocalGermanicsociety.IreadquiltalotandI'vedoneabitofphotography.Also,I'vehitchhikedtoEuropeonce.

Interviewer:Veryinteresting.Mr.Pitt.Nowlet'stalkaboutthemanagementtraineescheme.Whatexactlydoyouthinkamanagerdoes?

Pitt:Idon'tknowagreatdealaboutthework.

Interviewer:Butyouhavegotanyideasaboutit,haveyou?Youmusthavethoughtaboutit.

Pitt:Well,Isupposehehasalotof...a...whatiscalledpolicymakingtodo.And...hehastoknowhowtoworkwithpeople,andallaboutthecompany.Yes,I...shouldthinkamanagermustknowsomethingaboutallaspectsofthework.

Interviewer:Yes,that'srightNow,Mr.Pitt,isthereanythingyouwanttoaskme?

Pitt:Well,there'soneortwothings.I'dliketoknowifIhavetosignacontractandwhatthesalaryandprospectsare.

Interviewer:Withourscheme,Mr.Pitt,thereisnocontractinvolved.Yourprogressiskeptunderconstantreview.Ifweatanytimedecidewedon'tlikeyou,thenthat'sthat.Wereservetherighttodismissyou.

Pitt:Fairenough.Andwhataboutthesalary?

Interviewer:Asforsalary,you'llbeonourfixedscales,startingat870pounds.Forthesuccessfultrainee,theprospectsareverygood.

(20)

A.ArtB.FrenchC.GermanD.Chemistry

29.(14)

A.$1million.B.$1/4million.C.$1/2million.D.$2million.

30.(16)

A.Aprofessionalwindowcleaner.

B.Automotivesalesperson.

C.Servicestationattendant.

D.Grocerystoremanager.

31.

【B4】

32.聽力原文：W:There'realotmorepeoplethanusualinthedeparturehall.

M:Theplanewastotakeoffat9:30a.m.,buthalfanhourbeforeboarding,thepassengersheardtheannouncementthattheirflightwouldbedelayeduntil10:50a.m.duetostormyweather.

Q:Howlongwastheplanetobedelayed?

(16)

A.30minutes.B.50minutes.C.70minutes.D.80minutes.

33.(47)

34.(35)

A.Bigwavesposeathreattocommercialnavigation.

B.Therivercurrentneverflowsfastertenmilesperhour.

C.Theriverreversesitsflowseveraltimesaday.

D.Hightidescancreatesuddenandunexpectedrapids.

35.

【B2】

36.(44)

37.聽力原文：Researchindicatesthatparentswhorewardself-controlandindependencetendtohavechildrenwithhighachievementmotivation.Suchparentssethighstandardsfortheirchildrenbutallowthemtoworkattheirownlevelandtomaketheirownmistakes.Bycontrast,parentsoflowneedachieverstypicallysetimpossiblyhighgoalsfortheirchildrenandmakeextremedemands.Inaddition,parentsofhighneedachieversencouragegoodperformancebutdonotscoldtheirchildrenwhentheyfail.IfachildcomeshomefromschoolwithfourA'sandoneBonareportcard,theparentsfocusontheA's;parentsofapotentiallowneedachievertendtoask,"WhytheB?"Parentsofhighneedachieversrespondtomoderategradeswithwarmthandsuggestionsforreasonablegoalsandwaystoreachthem.Parentsoflowneedachieversmightsay,"You'redumbandlazy;you'llneveramounttoanything."Andthentheypunishthechild.Whenachildishavingtroublewithamathsproblem,theparentofapotentiallyhighneedachieverwillsuggestthegeneralprocedureandletthechildworkouttheparticularsolution;alowneedachiever'sparentwillsolvetheproblemandthenhandthechildtheanswer.

Thatneedsforachievementexistwithallofus,tovaryingdegrees,isundeniable.Agreatdealmoreisknownaboutthepsychologicalbasesoftheseneedsandhowtheycomeabout.

(30)

A.Theyusuallyleavetheirchildrenalone.

B.Theyallowforfailureonthepartoftheirchildren.

C.Theycontroltheirchildrentoaminimumdegree.

D.Theysetveryhighstandardsfortheirchildren.

38.聽力原文：Backinthoseprimitivetimesitwasunnecessarytohaveaspecialform.ofexchangevalueforeverything,likeaprice.Intheetimestheonlythingsthatwerereallyvaluableweretheskillstosatvive.Butassocietybecamemorecomplex,peopledependmoreonotherswhowerelivingfaraway;thenitbecameimportantforpeopletodevelopsomemethodforexchangingvaluewithouthavingtoexchangetheactualgoods.

Thisneedtodevelopamethodforexchangingvaluewaswhatledtotheuseofmoney.Moneywasameansofexchangingvaluewithouthavingtoactuallyexchangethespecificthingsyouwanted.Beforetheuseofmoney,peoplehadtotradethingswitheachother,anditwasusuallyverydifficulttodecidewhateverythingwasworthinrelationtoeachother.Ifyouhadthreeanimalsskinsandyourfriendhadtwopotsofdriedbetas,howdidyouknowhowmanyskinswereequivalenttoapetofbeansiftheydidn'thaveaprice?Withtheintroductionofmoney,allthingscouldbegintohateacommonvaluethateverybodycouldknowabout.Thisledtoastandardizedsetofvaluesamongpeople.Asthepowerofmoneyincreased,valuesthatweredifferentfromthemajoritywerenolongerrecognized.Thevalueofsomethingintermsofmoneybecametheultimatevalue.Inorderformoneytofunction,thewholesocietyhastoagreeonthesamevalues.

(30)

A.Lifewaseasyandfoodwaseasytofind.

B.Peoplecaremoreabouthowtosurvive.

C.Thepeopletookcareofeachotheroutoflove.

D.Therearemanydevelopedindividualmonetarysystems.

39.(41)

40.(21)

A.Lessthan6months.

B.2months.

C.6monthsormore.

D.1month.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Whatistherelationshipbetweenthecolorofthetomatoesandlycopene?

A.Thelightredtomatoesdonotcontainlycopene.

B.Thedarkergreenandyellowthetomatois,thelesslycopeneitcontains.

C.Thelighterredthetomato,thelesslycopeneitcontains.

D.Greenandyellowtomatoescontainlesslycopene.

42.

WhatisimpliedinthelastparagraphaboutIndiainthefirsttwentyyearsofthiscentury?

A.Itwillkeepongrowingfastandsteadily.

B.Itwillslowdownthepaceofdevelopment.

C.Itwillhavenoenergytotakereformsinvariousareas.

D.Itwillhavetoaccomplishall-aroundimprovements.

43.

Intheworldofthecomics,happinessdependedon______.

A.acrazysenseofhumor

B.aloveoflife

C.alittlefaithandluck

D.cunningandcourage

44.

Thereductionoflow-renthousingprojectsinBelgiumhasresultedin______.

A.animprovementinhousingquality

B.analarmingincreaseofhomelesspeople

C.anincreaseinhousepurchases

D.achangeinthegovernment'spolicy

45.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Ifyou'vebeenoncampusforverylong,I'mcertainthatyou'vealreadyheardaboutthiscourse.Youmayknowthatlastsemesteraboutfiftypercentofthestudentsenrolledinmycoursefailedit.Letmeexplainhowthiscameaboutbeforeyoujumptoanyconclusion.Inthefirstplace,sincethisisacompositionclass,Iexpectmystudentstofollowcertainrulesofformality.Unfortunately,studentstodaydislikehavingtofollowrolesofanykind,especiallythosewhichtheymayfeeltobeunnecessary.Forexample,Iaskthateachofyourpapersbetypedandcenteredonthepapercorrectly.Icountoffpointsforvariouskindsofmistakes.Amisspelledwordwillcostyou5points.You'velost25pointsifyou'vemisspelledfivewords.Ifyouwriteanincompletesentence,you'velost10points.Ifyougivemetwocompletesentencesasonewithoutadequatepunctuation,you'velost15points.Idonotacceptlatepapers.Youwillreceiveazeroforanythemewhichyoufailtosubmitontime.Iexpectyoutoreadeachassignment.Tomakecertainthatyouhavereadtheassignment,Iwillgiveyouashortunannouncedquizfromtimetotime.ThisclassmeetsonMondays,Wednesdays,andFridays.Youwillhaveatotalofsixmajorteststhroughoutthesemester.Yourfinalgradewillbebasedonanaverageofthesemajortest,thepop(臨時(shí)性的隨機(jī)考試)tests,andeightwrittenthemes.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsatanytime,youcanseemeonTuesdays.Myofficeisonthesecondfloorofthisbuilding.YourassignmentforWednesdayistoreadHemingway'sshortstoryonpage55.Fridaywillbethelastclassdayofthisweek,soyoucanexpecttowriteashortinclassthemeformethen.That'sallfortoday.I'llseeyouonWednesday.

Whenwasthislecturegiven?

46.

ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatGauss(Paragraph1)mustbe______.

A.aprominentmathematicianwhomadeimportantdiscoveries

B.afamouswriterwhowroteaboutNewton

C.ascientistwhomadediscoveriesinvariousfields

D.ascientistwhoadvocatedinstantscientificdiscoveries

47.

Whyhasacademicworkbecomemorespecialised?

48.

WhatwasthetroublewithNewYorklastmonth?

A.Ithasahardtimegettingimmigrantstothecity.

B.SometerriblecreatureswerediscoveredinMaryland.

C.ThewholeMarylandpondwaspoisoned.

D.FivebignorthernsnakeheadwerefoundinQueens.

49.

Accordingtothelastparagraph,itisvitaltoanalyzeandstudy______.

A.changesinorganiclife

B.thewaysinwhichcellsareformed

C.processesonwhichorganiclifedepends

D.themainwaysinwhichorganismsdevelop

50.

Whatdoesthephrase"todevelopanidentity"(Paragraph5)mean?

51.

Thewriterthinksthatthegrowthofspecialistperiodicalshashelpedscholarsto______.

A.cutdownresearchcosts

B.keepupwithcurrentdevelopments

C.spendlesstimetraveling

D.developtheirideasmorequickly

52.

ThegrowingmobilityofpeoplesinceWorldWarIImakespeoplelosetheconfidencethat______.

53.

Itcanbeinterredfromthepassagethattheauthorvaluesgoodliteratureprimarilyforitsabilityto______.

54.

Whatdoes"thinis'in',andfatis'out'"mean?

A.Thinis"inside",andfatis"outside".

B.Thinis"diligent",andfatis"lazy".

C.Thinis"youthful",andfatis"spiritless".

D.Thinis"fashionable",andfatis"unfashionable".

55.MiltonFriedmanwaswrong.Inflationisalwaysandeverywhereasocialphenomenon,notamonetaryone.Atleast,thatishowRobertSamuelsonseesit.TheGreatInflationandItsAftermathdwellslittleontheeconomicsofinflation;themaintextdoesnotmentiontheFederalReserveuntilpage31.Instead,itexaminestheintellectualandpoliticalcurrentsthatletinflationrisefrom1%intheearly1960stonearly15%in1980andthenbroughtitdownagain.

Thisisalaudable(值得稱贊的)enterprise.HistorianshavedevotedlotsofscholarshiptotheVietnamWarandthecivil-rightsmovementbutalmostnothingtotheparallelriseininflation,whoseimpactonsocietyhasbeenarguablygreat.

Mr.Samuelson,aneconomicscolumnistfortheWashingtonPostandNewsweek,graphicallyrecountsthefutileeffortsofvariouspresidentstocontaininflation,andthetolltheyexacted.Inflationbegan,Mr.Samuelsonwrites,becausethefollowersofJohnMaynardKeyneswhodominatedeconomicsaftertheSecondWorldWarconvincedJohnKennedythatreducingunemploymentwouldcauseonlyasmallriseininflation.Butasinflationincreased,itbecamepoliticallyimpossibletobringitdown.In1968RichardNixonaskedHerbertStein,anomineeforIrisCouncilofEconomicAdvisers,whatthepresident-elect'sbiggesteconomicchallengewouldbe.WhenSteinrepliedinflation,Nixon"immediatelywarnedmethatwemustnotraiseunemployment,"Steinlaterwrote.

TheGreatInflationandItsAftermathisreadable,butoftenfrustrating.Ratherthanproceedingchronologically,ithopscotches(像玩“跳房子”游戲)backandforthbetweendecades,repeatedlybringinghomethepointsitwantstomake.Despitetheforward-lookingsubtitle,Mr.SamuelsondoesnotdemonstratethatthegreatinflationhasmuchbearingonAmerica'sfuture.Hespendsmuchoftwochapters,73pagesinall,choosingalistofcontemporaryeconomicproblems,fromexcessiveentitlementspendingtoglobalimbalancesthathavelittletodowithinflation.Meanwhile,hedevotesjustafewparagraphstoinflation'smostcrucialimpactatthepresent.Thedeclineininterestratesthatfollowedinflation'sdefeatcreatedbubblesinstocksandhousesandfuelleda"reachforyield"whoseundoingisattheheartofthecurrentcrisis.

Morepuzzlingisthefactthat,inayearinwhichinflationanddeflationhavebothrepeatedlyhittheheadlines,Mr.Samuelsondevoteslittletimetospeculatingonthefuturecourseofinflationandthepoliticalpressuresthatwillaffectit.Thatisapitybecauseitisaripesubject.

Theauthorcommentedthebookasa"laudableenterprise"(Para.2),mainlybecause______.

A.itpointedoutinflationisalwaysasocialphenomenon

B.ithasbeenfocusingontheeconomicsofinflation

C.itcontributedtothelongly-neglectedtopic--inflation

D.itdoesnotmentiontheFederalReserveuntilpage31

56.Theauthorwantstheparentstobeawarethat______.

A.itisuselesssendingboystopreschools

B.theyshouldspendmoretimewiththeirkids

C.thecurrentwayofeducatingchildrenmighthaveproblems

D.theirchildrenfaceseriousemotionalorbehavioralproblems

57.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Ifyourhealthisinquestion,yougotothedoctor.Whentheentireplanet'swell-beingisatissue,it'stheWorldHealthOrganizationyouconsult.Thegroup'srecentlyreleasedWorldHealthReportfocusesonthefuture—andtheprognosisisexcellent.IfWHOexpertsareright,the21stcenturywillbepeopledbyhealthyseniorcitizens,notonlyinthemoredevelopednationsoftheWestbutthroughouttheworld.

Thatrosyforecastcomesfromgainsmadeduringthepasthalfcentury.Infant-and-child-mortalityrateshavedroppeddramatically,majorinfectiousdiseasesuchasyellowfeverandplagueareundercontrolandaveragelifeexpectancyworldwidehasshotupfrom48in1955to66today.Comingdecadeswillbringmoreofthesame,theWHOpredicts.Averagelifeexpectancyisexpectedtohit73yearsby2025--andthat'sonlyanaverage.Thousandsofbabiesbornattheendofthe20thcenturywillstickaroundtosecthedawnofthe22nd,predictsMuthu,directoroftheOfficeofWorldHealthReporting.

Ofcourse,thereareafewredflagsontheworld'shealthchart,amongthemasignificantgapinlifeexpectancybetweentherichestandthepoorestcountries.In1996,forexample,76percentofthedeathsreportedtoWHOfromAfricawereofpeopleunder50.InEurope,only15percentofthosewhodiedwerethatyoung.By2025,WHOpredicts,57percentoftheAfricandeathswillbeunder50,versus7percentinEurope—amarkedimprovementbutstillagap.Thentherearethecostsofprogress.Morepeoplearoundtheworldhaveaccesstosafewatera