2022-2023年山西省長(zhǎng)治市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)真題(含答案)

2022-2023年山西省長(zhǎng)治市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)真題(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

WhenWilcoxlivedinthevalley,hewassatisfiedwiththefactthattheremainsof______wasundisturbed.

2.

Whenthechlorophyllisdecreasing,______arethemostimportantweatherconditionsaffectthecolordisplaysofleaves.

3.

Clinicaldepressionisaseriousillnessthatyou.______onyourown.

4.

Attendingschoolatanearlyagemaycausemoreschool-relatedproblems.

A.YB.NC.NG

5.

Thesurveyarguesthatthird-worldincomesareautomaticallyregulatedby______.

6.Theblack/whitetrickcanprovidepeoplewithmorethantwochoicesfortheirargument.

7.

Thestatisticsinthereportshowthattraditionalfamilylifehasdied,thoughtherearestillmanychildrenlivingwithbothparents.

A.YB.NC.NG

8.

Thefailureofdevelopingacceptable______mayresultininaccuratestereotypesandforternegativefeelingsofhostility.

9.

Theexistingsatellitesarenotgoodatdetectingthethicknessoftheicepartlybecausetheorbitsofsatelliteswith______donotcovereveryportionoftheocean.

10.

Workplacenegativityoftenariseswhenamanagermakesadecisionaboutaperson'sworkwithout______.

11.

Childrenwitha104-degreetemperatureorhighermaybemorecomfortableiftheirfeverisloweredwith______.

12.

Throughreadingthisarticle,wecanconcludethattheauthorisa(n)______person.

13.

Theclashbetweenlocalsandforeignersmaybesoftenedbyrealitiesbecausethelocalsneedto______toimprovetheirmanagement,financingandgreaterscalewhiletheforeignersneedhelpnavigatingChina'svastretailmarket.

14.

Mostofthefoodsgrownandprocessedaccordingtothefederalstandardswillbeartheseal___________________.

15.Generalizedanxietydisordercanbecausedlargelyby______.

A.people'sworries,uncertainties,endfears

B.theeconomicandsocialproblems

C.somespecificphenomenon

D.individualcircumstances

16.

Guestscansleepcomfortablythroughthenightinaspecialgearandaregreetedinthemorningwith______.

17.

NGOcommunityisoftentheonlyavailablesourceofsupportfortheinternallydisplacedthoughtheassistanceisinadequatefor______.

18.

MostofAntarcticaappearstobeimmunetothebigmeltfornowbecauseit'slargelyinsulatedfromglobaltrendsandit'ssobigasmgenerate______.

19.

WhichisTRUEaboutIQtestaccordingtothepassage?

A.PeoplewhohasahigherIQisagenius.

B.IQtestmeasuresalimitedpartofaperson'sintelligence.

C.Hightestscoreshavelittletodowithrealgenius.

D.ThereisstillacontroversyonwhetherIQtestcantellallaboutthegenius.

20.

Hightea,thetypicalmealinScotlandandmanypartsofnorthernEngland,istaken______.

A.lateintheevening

B.asthesubstituteforteaandlunch

C.ataboutsixo'clockintheevening

D.onlybythetourists

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.(24)

A.Heisraisingfundsforhiscompany.

B.Helovesworkingonears.

C.HeisMr.Davis'goodfriend.

D.Hehasbeenrewardedforhiswork.

22.(31)

A.Understandwhattheirstaffarefeelingbyunderstandingtheirbodylanguage.

B.Learnmoretheculturalbackgroundoftheirstaffthroughtheirbodylanguage.

C.Creategoodworkingconditionsbyusingproperbodylanguage.

D.Spendalotoftimeinstudyingbodylanguage.

23.聽(tīng)力原文：W:WhatdidJane'smothertellyouaboutherfurtherplan?

M:ShesaidthatwhenJanegraduatedfromschool,shedecidedthatshewasdonewithstudyingforonceandforall.

Q:WhatdowelearnaboutJane?

(14)

A.Shegraduatedwithhonors.

B.Shewasgoodatallschoolsubjects.

C.Shedecidedtogoonwithherstudy.

D.Shedecidedtoendherschoollifeforever.

24.(41)

25.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽(tīng)力原文：Atonetimeitwasthemostimportantcityintheregion—abustlingcommercialcenterknownforitsmassivemonuments,itscrowdedstreetsandcommercialdistricts,anditsculturalandreligiousinstitutions.Then,suddenly,itwasabandoned.Withinagenerationmostofitspopulationdepartedandtheatoncemagnificentcitybecameallbutaghosttown.Thisisthehistoryofapre-ColumbiacitycalledTeotihuacan.ThenameistheAztecword,whichmeans"theplacethegodcallshome".Itwasonceametropolisofasmanyas2,000,000inhabitants33milesnorthwestofpresent-dayMexicoCity.AnditwasalsothefocusofagreatempirethatstretchedfromthearidplainsofcentralMexicotothemountainofGuatemala.

Whydidthiscitydie?Researchershavefoundnosignsofepidemicdiseaseordestructiveinvasions.ButtheyhavefoundsignsthatsuggesttheTeotihuacanosthemselvesburnedtheirtemplesandsomeoftheirotherbuildings.Therewereevidencerevealedthatpilesofwoodhadbeenplacedaroundthesestructuresandsetfire.SomespeculatethatTeotihuacan'sinhabitantsmayhaveabandonedthecitybecauseithadbecome"aclumsygiant..."Butotherexpertsthinkthattheancientinhabitantsmayhavedestroyedtheirtemplesandabandonedtheircityinrageagainsttheirgodsforpermittingalongfamine.

(27)

A.It'sneartheMexicoCity.

B.It'sinGuatemala.

C.It'sstretchedfromtheplainsofcentralMexicotothemountainsofGuatemala.

D.It'sinAmerica.

26.聽(tīng)力原文：W:IfTomandMarrydon’tcometotheparty,I’llhave13.

M:Let’sinvitetwomorejustincase.

Q:Ifeveryonecomes,howmanywillbeattheparty?

(19)

A.13.B.17.C.30.D.15.

27.聽(tīng)力原文：W:IguessI'llsendMaryapostcardfromHawaiiwhenIgothereonbusiness.

M:I'msureshe'llbegladtogetone.Shehasacollectionofcardsfromallovertheworld.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?

(14)

A.MaryisgoingtoHawaii.

B.Maryhasbeentomanycountries.

C.Marylikespostcards.

D.Maryistravelingonbusiness.

28.聽(tīng)力原文：W:Dowehaveenoughtimeforthe7:30trainifwegetoffrightaway?

M:No,it'stoolate.It'simpossibleforustogettothestationin20minutes.

Q:Whattimeisitnow?

(19)

A.7:00.B.7:10.C.7:30.D.7:50.

29.聽(tīng)力原文：W:Soyoureallybelievethatclothescarryakindofmessageforotherpeopleandthatwhatweputonisinsomewayareflectionofwhatwefeel?

M:Ohyes,verymuchso.Peoplearebeginningnowtotakeseriouslytheideaofakindofpsychologyofclothing,tobelievethatthereisnotjustindividualtasteinourclothesbutalsoathinkingbehindwhatwewear,whichistryingtoexpresssomethingwemaynotevenbeawareofourselves.

W:Butsurelythishasalwaysbeenthecase.Wealldressupwhenwewanttoimpresssomeone,suchasforajobinterviewwithaprospectiveemployer.

M:True,butthat'saconsciousact.WhatI'mtalkingaboutismoreofasubconsciousthing.Takeforexamplethestudentwhoisawayfromhome:ifhetendstowraphimselfupmorethantheothers,thisisbecauseheisprobablyfeelinghomesick.Similarly,ageneralfeelingofinsecuritycansometimestaketheform.ofover-dressinginwarmerclothesthanarenecessary.

W:Canyougiveanyotherexamplesofthiskind?

M:Yes.Ithinkpeoplewhoaresociableandoutgoingtendtopreferbrighterormoredazzlingcolorsyellows,brightreds,andsoon.Andaggressiveclothesmightindicateanaggressivepersonalityorattitudetolife.

W:Doyouthinkthecare—orlackofit—overthewayweactuallywearourclotheshasanythingtotellus?

M:Yes,indeed.Thelength,forexample,ofaman'strousersspeaksvolumesabouthisawarenessofhisownimage.Or,ifhistrousersarehangingdown,thisprobablymeanshe'sabsorbedbyotherthings.

W:Oh,veryinteresting.Tellmemoreaboutit.

M:OK

(23)

A.Thecolorsofclothing.

B.Theindividualtasteonclothing.

C.Theideaofpsychologyofclothing.

D.Theclothingfashion.

30.(36)

A.Theywanttostayhomeanddothehousework.

B.Theydon'thaveenoughmoney.

C.Theyhavetoomuchworkandnotmuchfreetime.

D.Theyhavemorefreedomthaninthepast.

31.聽(tīng)力原文：W:Whattimedoyouwantpeopletocome?

M:Six.Andtellthemnottowearanythingfancy.It'sonlyacasualaffair.

Q:Whichofthefollowingisnottrue?

(15)

A.Peopleareexpectedtocomeatsix.

B.Aformalpartywillbeheld.

C.Itwillbeapartyforrelaxation.

D.Thereisnoneedtopreparespecialclothes.

32.(26)

A.Filloutanapplication.

B.GobacktotheuniversitytogethisID

C.Gotoseehisfriend.

D.Takeawrittenexamandaneyeexam.

33.聽(tīng)力原文：Theword"okay"isknownandusedbymillionsofpeopleallovertheworld.Still,languageexpertsdonotagreeonwhereitcamefrom.SomesayitcamefromIndianpeople.WhenEuropeansfirstcametoAmerica,theyheardhundredsofdifferentIndianlanguages.Manywerewelldeveloped.Onetribeespeciallyhadawelldevelopedlanguage.TheywerefarmersandfishermenwholivedintherichMississippivalleyinwhatisnowthestateofAlabama.Whenproblemsarose,theheadersofthistribediscussedthemwiththetribalchief.Theysatinacircleandlistenedtothewisdomofthechief.Heheardthedifferentproposalsoftenraisingandloweringhisheadinagreement,andsaying,"okeh,"meaning,"allisso".TheIndianlanguageshavegivenmanywordstoEnglish.ManyAmericanstateshaveIndiannames,andsodorivers,streams,mountains,citiesandtowns.

(30)

A.AmericanIndian.

B.Britishpeople.

C.Europeans.

D.Africanpeople.

34.

【B4】

35.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

WaterprojectsintheUnitedStatesgainedanewprincipleinthe1930's.AndduringthistimethenationsuffereditsworsteconomicdepressionandtheGreatPlainsregionsuffereditsworst(36)______inrecordedhistory.Astheeconomy(37)______intoadeepdepressionand(38)______ratesincreased,thepoliticalclimatefordirectfederalgovernment(39)______inwaterprojectsimproved.PresidentFranklinRooseveh'sfirst100daysinofficebroughta(40)______ofnewlawstodealwiththe(41)______economicdepression.

ThenaturalpatternoftheTennesseeRiverwas(42)______bylargespringflowsthatproduced(43)______floodsandlowsummerflowsthatinhibitednavigation.(44)____________.

Tocounterthesenaturalobstacles,theTennesseeValleyAuthorityActof1933createdtheTennesseeValleyAuthority(TVA),apublicagencywithbroadpowerstopromotedevelopmentintheregion,includingtheauthoritytobuilddamsandreservoirsandtogenerateandsellhydroelectricpower.(45)____________.TheTVAinheritedtheWilsonDam,andbythebeginningoftheSecondWorldWarithadcompletedsixadditionalmultipurposedamswithpowerplantsandlocksfornavigation.InvestmentsindamsandhydropowerfacilitieswithintheTennesseeValleyalsoreceivedhighpriorityduringthewar.(46)____________.TheNIRAalsogavetheUnitedStatesPresidentunprecedentedpowerstoinitiatepublicworks,includingwaterprojects.

36.

【B11】

37.(32)

A.Theyinvitenewideaswithgreatenthusiasm.

B.Theychoosegoodideasthroughastrictprocess.

C.Theygivequickreactionstoproposalsandideas.

D.Theyhavenostandardregulationsonassessingsuggestions.

38.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽(tīng)力原文：AgnesMillerwasoneoftheearliestleadersofthewomen'sliberationmovementintheUnitedStates.Shewas(26)bornonafarminMissouriin1892andhadaveryhappylifeasachild.Shewastheonlydaughterandtheyoungestchildoffive.Herparentsandherbrothersalwaystreatedherastheirfavorite.

(26)In1896thefamilymovedtoChicago.ThreeyearslatertheymovedbacktoSt.Louis,whereAgnesspenttherestofherchildhood.Sheenjoyedheryearsinschoolandwasanoutstandingstudentofmathematics.Shewasasloquiteskillfulasapainter.

ItwaswhenAgneswentofftocollegethatshefirstbecameawarethatwomenwerenottreatedasequals.Shedidn'tlikebeingtreatedunequallybutshetriednottonoticeit.(27)Aftergraduatingfromcollegeshetriedtogetajobinhermajorfield--physics.Shesoonfounditwasalmostimpossibleforawoman.

Agnesspentafullyearlookingforajob.Finallyshegaveupinanger.(28)Shebeganwritinglettersofprotesttovariousnewspapers.AneditorinNewYorklikedherideasverymuch,andwasespeciallyimpressedwithherstyle.ofwriting.Heaskedhertodoaseriesofstoriesaboutthem.Herarticlesbegantoappearinmoreandmorenewspapers.(28)Shedecidedtowriteabookinsupportofwomen'sliberation.Thebookbecameabestseller.Althoughsheneversawfullequalrightsforwomen,shenevergaveupherfight.Andsheshowedmanyotherwomenthewaytocontinuethefight.

(27)

A.InMissouri.

B.InChicago.

C.InNewYork.

D.InSt.LouisandChicago.

39.聽(tīng)力原文：M:Ileftfivepagesheretobecopied.Here'sthereceipt.

W:I'msorry,sir,butwe'realittlebehind.Couldyoucomebackinafewminutes?

Q:Whatwillthemanprobablydo?

(14)

A.Helpthewomanlookforthecopies.

B.Spendafewminuteslookingoverthework.

C.Returnlaterforthecopies.

D.Makehisowncopies.

40.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽(tīng)力原文：Althoughthefirstcomputerswereproducedforuseingovernmentandindustry,theyhavebecomecommoninotherareasduringthepast25years.

Inbusiness,computersperform.manyfunctions.Theyareusedtoperform.thedataprocessingoperationsofrecording,classifying,sorting,computing,storing,retrieving,reporting,reproducing,andcommunicatinginformation.Theyhavetheadvantageofbeingabletocompletetheseprocessesatveryhighspeeds.Computersalsocanprocessdatainasizeinvisibletothehumaneye,makingstorageofmaterialasimplertaskthanitoncewas.

Universitiesutilizecomputersinseveralways.Justasbusinessstoresstatisticaldata,universitiesstorestatisticsaboutstudentsbyusingcomputers.Registrationalsohasbeenaidedbythecomputer.Byputtingtheirprogramsofstudiesonthecomputer,studentscanfindoutimmediatelywhichclassesareopenforadditionalstudentsandwhichalreadyhavethenumberthatareallowedtoregister.Manyprofessorsusecomputersintheirresearch,andexperimentationhasbeendoneonteachingbymeansofthecomputer.

Inthepast5yearscomputershavebeenaffectingourdailylivesmoreandmore.Mostlargedepartmentandgrocerystoresnowhavecomputerizedcashregisters.Almosteveryoneisfamiliarwiththecomputerizedbillingthatisdonebycreditcardcompanies.InChicagocomputersarebeingusedtocontroltrafficonthelargeexpressways.Itisevenpossibletodaytobuyyourowncomputeranduseitinyourhome.

(27)

A.Inourdailylife.

B.Inbusinessanduniversities.

C.Ingovernmentandindustry.

D.BothAandB.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Jerryhelpedthosecomplainingpeople______.

42.

Thatdinersspendmoreinarestaurantnamed"Cafe97"thaninonenamed"Cafe17"showsnumberscan

43.

Whatelseshouldadiabeticpatientpayattentionto?

A.Heshoulddrinkasmuchwateraspossibletokeepthebodycool.

B.Heshouldcontinueexercisingdespitesorefeet.

C.Hehadbetternotexerciseindoor.

D.Hehadbetterdrinkoccasionallytostayawayfromlowbloodsugarlevel.

44.

【C9】

45.

Thewriterthinksthatacademicworkhasrecentlybecomemorespecializedbecause______.

A.morepeoplearestudyingsciences

B.agreatervarietyofsubjectsarestudied

C.morestudentsaredoingpostgraduatework

D.thenumberofuniversitieshasincreased

46.

Accordingtothestudyteam,______isapracticethatcanencouragetransmissionofthebirdflu.

47.【S3】

48.

Accordingtotheauthor,ifapersonisfoundguiltyofacrime,______.

A.societyistobeheldresponsible

B.moderncivilizationisresponsibleforit

C.thecriminalhimselfshouldbeartheblame

D.thestandardsoflivingshouldbeimproved

49.Whotakesuptheresponsiblemanagerialworkoftheoldhouses?

A.ThedirectorsofthelocalbranchesoftheTrust.

B.Thedescendantsofex-ownersofthestructure.

C.Themembersoftheorganizationappointedforthepost.

D.Themenwhoenjoytheprestigeinthelocalplaces:

50.

TheauthoradmiresAnthony.Trollopeparticularlyfor______.

A.hisbrilliance

B.hisdiligence

C.hisprecaution

D.hispragmatism

51.

Thehydraisakindof______.

A.flatwormB.coelenterateC.seaanemoneD.nervecell

52.

Onwhatconditioncanthebirdsspreadtheinfluenzathroughmigration?

53.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Bringingupchildrenisahardwork,andyouareoftentoblameforanybadbehavior.ofyourchildren,Ifso,JudithRichHarrishasgoodnewsforyou.Parents,sheargues,havenoimportantlong-termeffectsonthedevelopmentofthepersonalityoftheirchildren.Farmoreimportantaretheirplaygroundfriendsandneighborhood.Ms.Harristakestohittingtheassumption,whichhasdominateddevelopmentalpsychologyforalmosthalfacentury.

Ms.Harris'sattackonthedevelopmentalists'"nature"argumentlookslikelytoreinforcedoubtsthattheprofessionwasalreadyhaving.Ifparentsmatter,whyisitthattwoadoptedchildren,rearedinthesamehome,arenomoresimilarinpersonalitythantwoadoptedchildrenrearedinseparatehomes?Orthatapairofidenticaltwins,rearedinthesamehome,arenomorealikethanapairofidenticaltwinsrearedindifferenthomes?

Difficultasitistotrackthepreciseeffectsofparentalupbringing,itmaybehardertomeasuretheexactinfluenceofthepeer(同齡人)groupinchildhoodandadolescence.Ms.Harrispointstohowchildrenfromimmigranthomessoonlearnnottospeakatschoolinthewaytheirparentsspeak.Butacquiringalanguageissurelyaskill,ratheracharacteristicofthesortdevelopmentalpsychologistshuntfor.Certainlyitisdifferentfromgrowinguptenselyorrelaxed,orfromlearningtobehonestorhard-workingorgenerous.Easythoughitmaybetoprovethatparentshavelittleimpactonthosequalities,itwillbehardtoprovethatpeershavevastlymore.

Moreover,mumanddadsurelycannotbeditchedcompletely.Youngadultsmay,asMs.Harrisargues,bekeentoappearliketheirpeers.Buteveninthoseearlyyears,parentshavethepowertoopendoors:theymayinitiallychoosethepeerswithwhomtheiryoungassociate,andpickthatinfluentialneighborhood.Moreover,mostpeoplesuspectthattheycometoresembletheirparentsmoreinmiddleage,andthatpeople'schildbearinghabitsmaybeformedpartlybywhattheirparentsdid.Sothebalanceofinfluencesisprobablycomplicated,asmostparentsalreadysuspectedwithoutbeingabletodemonstrateitscientifically.Evenifitturnsoutthatthegenestheypassonandthefriendstheirchildrenplaywithmatterasmuchasaffection,disciplineandgoodexample,parentsarenotcompletelyoffthehook.

AccordingtoMs.Harris,______.

A.parentsaretoblameforanybadbehavior.oftheirchildren

B.parentswillaffectgreatlythechildren'slifeinthelongrun

C.natureratherthannurturehasasignificanteffectonchildren'spersonalitydevelopment

D.children'spersonalityisshapedbytheirfriendandneighbors

54.

【C2】

55.(62)

56.

Inghaminsiststhathertestimonyisbasedon______.

A.evidenceprovidedbytheEPAoftheUnitedStates

B.theresultsofanexperimentsheconductedherself

C.evidencefromhercollaborativeresearchwithGermanbiologists

D.theresultsofextensivefieldtestsinCorvallis,Oregon

57.Today,deep-oceanminingisdoneonlybytheoilandgasindustry.Yetthedreamofminingthemineralwealthofthedeephasnevergoneaway.Nowtwofirmshopetosucceedwhereothershavefailed.

NautilusMinerals,basedinVancouver,isthemoreadvancedofthepair.IthasanexploratorylicencefromPapuaNewGuineaandhasalreadybegundrillingoperations1,600metresbelowsealevelofftheeastcoastofthecountry.Anothercompany,NeptuneMinerals,basedinLondonandSydney,hascompletedtestdrillinginthedeepwatersnearNewZealand.

Nautilus'sdeep-waterexplorationreliesonamodifieddeep-searemotelyoperatedvehicle(ROV)ofthekindnormallyusedintheoilantitelecomindustries.Ithasamanipulatorhandcontainingdrillingandcuttingtoolsthatallowtherobottoretrievesamplesofrockfromtheoceanbed.Sofarthedrillinghasonlybeenexploratory,buttheprospectslookgood.

Thepresenceoftheserichdepositshasbeenknownaboutforyears,saysStevenScott,ageologistattheUniversityofToronto.Hehasbeenresearchingunderwatergeologysincethe1980s,andinthe1990sheco-discoveredthedepositthatNautilusisexploring.Sowhyhasittakensolongtomovetowardsthecommercialexploitationofdeepseamassivesulphidedeposits?Mr.Heydon(thebossofNautilus)saysitisbecausetheROVtechnologyhasonlyrecentlybecomecapableenough.Heeventuallyhopestouserock-cuttingROVsthatwilldriveacrosstheseafloor,grindingoreastheygoandsendingittothesurfaceviaatubeatarateof400tonnesperhour.Itmightalsobepossibletoliftlargedepositsusingcompressedair.

Allofthiscanbedone,Mr.Heydonbelieves,forabouthalfasmuchasopeninganewlandbasedmine.Nautilushasspentabout$12minthepastyearonexploration,andDrScottsaysonetestdrillingfounddeposits19metresdeep.Unlikemanganese(錳)mines,whicharelikegolfballsscatteredacrosstheseabed,thesedeep-oceandepositsoccurinsmallareasaroundextincthydrothermalvents.Suchconcentrateddepositsoughttomakeunderwatermininghighlyefficient.

Eveniftheeconomiesstackup.however,NautilusandNeptunemustovercomeconcernsoverenvironmentaldamage.DrScottarguesthatunderwaterminingwillbefarlessdisruptivetotheenvironmentthanterrestrialmining:therewillhenopilesofwasterock,sincethedepositsarcdirectlyontheseafloor.Andwhereastheoilindustrylayspipelinesunderwater,miningwouldnotleaveanypermanentstructuresbehind.Butgovernmentswillneedtobeconvincedofthemeritoftheseargumentsbeforeminingcanbegin.

Whatdoweknowfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Nomineralcompanieshavesucceededindeep-seamining.

B.Oilandgashavebeenregardedasthemostusefuldeep-seawealth.

C.Onlyoilandgasindustryhasbeeninterestedindeep-seamining.

D.Thedeep-seamineralwealthhasrecentlybecomethedreamofminers.

58.

Wecaninferfromthetextthattheappearanceof"immortal"lifeis______.

A.afadinghope

B.farfromcertain

C.justanillusion

D.onlyamatteroftime

59.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Thetragicimpactofthemoderncityonthehumanbeinghaskilledhissenseofaesthetics,thematerialbenefitsofawealthysocietyhavedivertedhisattentionfromhiscityanditsculturalpotentialstotheproductsofscienceandtechnology:washingmachines,centralheating,TVsets,computersandcars.

Heisacardriverandreluctanttowalk.Withoutadequateparkingfacilities,thestreetsarelitteredwithcars.Congestion(堵塞)hasbecomethepredominantfactorinhisenvironment,andstatisticssuggestthattwocarsperhouseholdmaymakemattersworse.

Meanwhile,insultisaddedtoinjuryby"landvalue".Thevalueoflandresultsfromitsuse.Whenitsuseisintensified,itsvaluerises."Puttinglandtoitshighestandbestuse"becomestheprincipaleconomicstandardinurbangrowth.Thisspeculativeapproachandthepressureofincreasingpopulationleadstothe"vertical"growthofcitieswiththeresultthatpeopleareforcedtoadjustthemselvestocongestiontomaintaintheserelativelyartificiallandvalues.Paradoxicallytheremedyforremovingcongestionistocreatemoreofit.Partialdecentralizationintheform.oflargedevelopmentunitsawayfromthetraditionaltowncentersonlyshiftsthediseaseofcongestionroundthetowncenter.

Itiswithinourpowertobuildbettercitiesandrevivetheprideoftheircitizens,butweshallhavetostopoperatingonthefringeoftheproblem.Weshallhaveradicallytore-planthemtoachievearationaldensityofpopulation.Weshallhavetoprovidethemwhatcanbecalledminimum"psychologicalelbowroom".Oneoftheingredientsofthiswillbepropertransportationplans.Thesewillhavetobeanintegralpartoftheoverallplanningprocesswhichinitselfisascientificprocesswherefactsareessential.Wemustcollectallandcompleteinformationaboutthecityorthetown,ifwewanttoplaneffectively.

Wemustnotforgetthatcitiesarebuiltbypeople,andthattheirform.andshapeshouldbesubjecttothewillofthepeople.Scientificmethodsofdatacollectionandanalysiswillindicatetrends,buttheywillnotdirectaction.Scientificmethodsareonlyaninstrument.The"man-educated"man,thehuman,willhavetosetthetarget,andusingtheresultsobtainedbyscience,takeuponhimselfthefinalshapingofhisenvironment.Hewillhavetousehismoralsenseofresponsibilitytothecommunityandfuturegenerations.

Themainconcernofthe