高中英語-Festivals around the World教學課件設計

語法專題

情態(tài)動詞難點分析

表情帝--楊迪情態(tài)動詞的幾個簡單例句Youcandoityourself.Youmustdoityourself.Youshoulddoityourself.你可以自己做你必須自己做你應該自己做語氣有很大不同奧?目標引領1.Reviewthebasicknowledgeofmodalverbsandtrytograspthem.2.Analyzethedifficulties,andsumthemupintheformoftables.3.Encouragethestudentstodealwithproblemsontheirownquicklyandcorrectly.自主探究情態(tài)動詞基礎知識自主探究基礎知識點的回顧can/could①

②

③

④

may/might①②③must①②③should①②③④shall①②will/would①②③dare/need

“能夠，會”,表示能力

“可以，能”,表示請求或允許

表示推測

表示疑惑、懷疑、驚訝、難以相信的態(tài)度

表示許可表示推測

表示祝愿表示推測，“一定”表示“必須”表示“偏要”“應該”，表示責任、義務、勸告、建議

表示推測

“竟然”，表示憤怒、惋惜、驚訝、贊嘆

表示主觀看法

表示征求對方意見

表示承諾、警告、威脅、命令等

表示意愿

提出請求

表示習慣性、傾向性做情態(tài)動詞時，直接跟動詞原形，只用于否定句、疑問句或條件狀語從句中，不用于肯定句中。2.開心自測(2013年高考英語新課標II)6.Sincenobodygavehimanyhelp,he______havedonetheresearchonhisown.A.canB.must C.wouldD.need2.(2013年高考英語江西卷)29.WhenIwasachild,I______watchTVwheneverIwantedto.A.should B.could C.must D.need3.(2013年高考英語重慶卷)26.—WhatareyoudoingthisSaturday?—I'mnotsure,butI______gototheRollingStonesconcertA.mustB.would C.shouldD.might4.(2013年高考英語安徽卷)34.It______bethevocabularythatcausedyoutheproblemintheexercisebecauseyouknowalotofwords.A.may B.couldn’tC.shouldD.needn’t5.(2013年高考英語遼寧卷)31.Harryisfeelinguncomfortable.He______toomuchatthepartylastnight.A.coulddrink B.shoulddrinkC.wouldhaveD.musthavedrunk思考：做有關情態(tài)動詞的習題，你遇到哪些難點？_________________________________________________________________________________________________.那些“坑”過我們的情態(tài)動詞1.情態(tài)動詞表推測和可能性2.情態(tài)動詞+havedone3.情態(tài)動詞表示特殊語氣

4.情態(tài)動詞的習慣表達法

分析歷年高考試題，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)高考對情態(tài)動詞推測這一用法的考查“情有獨鐘”?？键c主要集中對被猜測時間的確定和對語氣強弱的把握上。

1.根據(jù)句中的時間狀語、謂語動詞的時態(tài)、句意確定被猜測時間，正確判斷動詞時態(tài)形式，然后完成表一.

①Hemay/mightcometomorrow.②Hemay/mightknowit.③Hemay/mightbewaitingforyounow.④Hemay/mightbewaitingforyouwhenyougettheretomorrow.(5)Hemighthaveseenthefilmyesterday.(6)Hemay/mighthavearrivedinBeijingbynow.

(7)Hemighthavebeenwaitingforyouwhenyouphonedhim.易錯點一：情態(tài)動詞表推測和可能性明天他可能會來。（將來）他可能知道這事。（現(xiàn)在）他可能正在等你。（現(xiàn)在進行）明天你到那里時，他可能會在等著你。（將來進行）昨天他可能已看了那部影片了。（過去）現(xiàn)在他可能已到達北京了。（現(xiàn)在完成）你給他打電話時，他可能已在等你了。（過去完成進行）表一：根據(jù)被猜測的時間，正確把握動詞時態(tài)形式

時態(tài)

形式現(xiàn)在或將來的情況現(xiàn)在或將來正在進行的情況過去或現(xiàn)在完成的情況

過去進行或現(xiàn)在完成進行情態(tài)動詞+V原形情態(tài)動詞+bedoing情態(tài)動詞+havedone情態(tài)動詞+havebeendoing分析以下例句，把握猜測語氣的特點。

1---Look,someoneiscoming.Who

can

itbe?-----Thatcannot

beJenny,forsheisinhospital.2Idon’tknowhisage.He

may/mightbethirtyorthirty-five.3.Thetemperaturecan

beverylowinMarch.4.Hemaynotbeverybusynow,butIamnotquitesure.5.Hemustbeill.Helookssopale.6.Itisnearlytimeforclasstostart.Theteacher

should

beheresoon.7.Askhim.Hewill

know.問他，他準知道Notsure

Verysure

Hemightbeintheclassroom.

Hemaybeintheclassroom.

Hecouldbeintheclassroom.

Heshouldbeintheclassroom.Hemustbeintheclassroom.

情態(tài)動詞的猜測用法Hewillbeintheclassroom.

掐情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞肯定的猜測情態(tài)動詞

肯定句

否定句

疑問句

可能性

mustwill/would

should/oughtto

could(can)

may/might

一定；必定

準會；很可能理應；應該

該不會

會---嗎可能can有時可能

一定不有可能嗎可能可能不

否定

推測_________________語氣最強，表示“一定不”，不能用

mustn't；________________語氣最弱，“可能不”。can’t/couldn’tmaynot/mightn’t表二：情態(tài)動詞表猜測的用法1.IgotcloseenoughtohearthemspeakingChinese,andIsaid"Nihao",justasI______doinChina.AmustBmightCcanDshould2.Noone_____bemoregenerous,hehasaheartofgold.AcouldBmustCdareDneed3.--IsJohncomingbytrain?--Heshould,buthe____not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A.mustB.canC.needD.may4.---Iheardtheywentskiinginthemountainslastwinter.---It____truebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere.A.maynotbeB.won’tbeC.couldn’tbeD.mustn’tbe5.Ididn’thearthephone.I________________(be)asleep.6.It’snearlyseveno’clock.Jack_____behereatanytime.

7.Thereissomeoneknockingatthedoor.

itbeTom?musthavebeenshouldCan

情態(tài)動詞+完成式

意義

例句

musthavedone(肯定句)

Itmusthaverainedlastnight,fortheroadisquitemuddy.

couldhavedone沒有canhavedoneDon't

worry-----theycouldhavejustforgottentocall.can/couldnothavedone

Thestreetsarealldry.Itcouldn’thaverainedduringthenight.Can/Couldsth/sbhavedone---?

Canhehavegonetohisuncle’s?

may/mighthavedone

Shemayhaveboughtthedictionary,butIamnotsure.may/might

nothavedone

Hemaynothavefinishedthework.

“過去一定做了某事”，注：否定式為can’t/couldn’thavedone過去可能干了---過去一定沒干-----可能------嗎？

或許已經(jīng)做了某事---易錯點二：“情態(tài)動詞+havedone”結構過去可能沒干-過去本該做某事，而實際上未做過去本不該做而做了某事

表示“做了本來不必去做的事”。注意：didn’tneedtodo表示“沒必要做并且實際上也沒有做”寧愿當時沒做，但做了（后悔當時做了）should/oughttohavedoneTheplantisdead.MaybeIshouldhavegiventhemmorewater.

shouldn’t/oughtnottohavedone

Youshouldn’thaveletanyoneelseknowthesecret.

needn’thavedone

Youneedn’thavetakenataxihere,foritwasveryneartomyhouse.wouldrathernothavedoneIwouldrathernothavescoldedmyson.hadbetternothavedoneIhadbetternothavequarrelledwithyouforsuchasmallaffair.Wecouldhaveattendedthelecture,butwehadalotoftrafficonourway.

couldhavedonemighthavedoneHemighthavegivenyoumorehelp,eventhoughhewasverybusy.最好當時沒做，但做了（后悔當時做了）過去本能夠做某事，而實際上未做過去本來可以做某事或本可能發(fā)生某事，而實際上未做1.—Ileftmyhandbagonthetrain,butluckilysomeonegaveittoarailwayofficial.—Howunbelievabletogetitback!Imean,someone______it.

A.willhavestolenB.mighthavestolen

C.shouldhavestolenD.musthavestolen2.---Therewerealready5peopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.---It________acomfortablejourney.A.can’tbe B.shouldn’tbe C.mustn’thavebeen D.couldn’thavebeen3.Hepaidforaseat,whenhe______haveenteredfree.A.could B.wouldC.mustD.need易錯點三：情態(tài)動詞表示特殊語氣情態(tài)動詞

用法

例句mustIfyoumustsmoke,atleastfindthesmokingsection.

can

Howcanyoubesocareless!

shouldHowshouldIknow?(我咋會知道)shallNobodyshallthrowawayrubbisheverywhere.

willIwillnevertalktohimagain.

may

Mayyousucceed.

偏要，偏偏驚訝、懷疑、疑惑、難以相信(否定，疑問,感嘆句)

驚訝、感嘆、惋惜、不滿（譯“竟然”）允諾、威脅、警告、命令

（二、三人稱）決心、習慣性、意愿祝愿（祈使句）1.Naturally,afterItoldherwhattodo,mydaughtermustgoanddotheopposite.譯：_______________________________________2.—CanIhaveawordwithyou,mum?—Oh,dear,ifyou_______.A.canBmustC.mayDshould4.It‘swonderfulthatyou____haveachievedsomuchthsesdays.AmayBshouldCcanDwill5.----Why___itrainnow?I___gototheconcertat7.----Whatapity.Acan;mightnotBshould;needn‘tCmust;can‘tDneed;mustn't6.Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidates(候選人)____remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.A.canB.willC.mayD.shall自然地，在我告訴女兒去干什么以后，她偏偏去做相反的事情。

1.努力掌握以下固定短語的含義和用法

①

cannot……too/enough___________________②can’tbut+V原________________③maywell(not)dosth__________________④may/mightaswell________________⑤wouldrather(not)dosth___________wouldratherhavedonesth_______________wouldrathersbdid/haddonesth_____________⑥hadbetter(not)dosth_________________hadbetterhavedonesth______________⑦wouldliketodosth__________________wouldliketohavedonesth_____________⑧wouldprefertodosth______________________無論怎樣--------都不過分只好，不得不很可能（不）-----最好-----，不妨，倒不如寧愿（不）-------過去寧愿干----，但實際上沒做寧愿某人做-------最好（不）干------過去最好干---，但實際沒做想干---，喜歡過去想干---，但實際上沒做更喜歡干------易錯點四：情態(tài)動詞的習慣表達法總結運用英語作文：用情態(tài)動詞寫出班級班規(guī)（如：should,shouldn’t,must,mustn’t,shall等）1.Studentsshouldn’tcarryanyfoodinsidetheclassroom.

2.Whentheteacherspeaks，studentsmustlistencarefully.

3.Studentsshouldhelpeachother.

4.Studentsmustbehonest，shouldn’ttelllies.

5.Studentsmusthandintheirhomeworkontime.

6.Studentsshouldtreattheirclassmatesinafriendlyway.AFreeTalk1235764典型例析

ListentothesewordsfromDarwinP．Kingsley:“Youhavepowersyouneverdreamedof.Youcandothingsyouneverthoughtyou________do.Therearenolimitationsinwhatyoucandoexceptthelimitationsofyourownmind.”解析：因空格后的do是原形，而thought是一般過去時，時態(tài)不一致，所以空格處應考慮填情態(tài)助動詞或助動詞did/do/does；又由前面Youcandothings和后文的youcando可以得到啟示，此處也填can,只不過用其過去式(由thought可知),故填could。句意是“你能做你(以前)從未想到過你能做的事”。答案：could10'

IexplainedthatwhileIdidn'tcarryanycash,I________happentohaveanewblanket,andaskedhimifhecoulduseit.Hewasthrilled.解析：因謂語動詞happen是原形，而前后語境的謂語動詞都是過去式，時態(tài)不一致，所以此處應填情態(tài)動詞或助動詞；由句意“我解釋說，雖然我沒有帶現(xiàn)金，但我的確恰好有一張新毯子”，故填助動詞did,對謂語動詞進行強調。答案：did

舉一反三：What'samazingisthatPluto(asmalldog)_______

understandeverythingdadsays.解析：因主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，橫線后是動詞原形，根據(jù)語境是一般現(xiàn)在時，可見此空必定填情態(tài)動詞can(能夠),或者填助動詞does(真的，的確),強調understand。答案：can/does15'當堂達標1.語法填空：用適當?shù)那閼B(tài)動詞填空：1)You’vebeenworkingallday.You_____beverytired.2)(Thedoorbellrings)Iwonderwhothatis.It______beLisa.She’sstillinthelibraryatthistime.3)Itisalongtimesincewemetlasttime.You_______comeandseeusmoreoften.4)---Mycatisreallyfat.---You________________(notgive)hersomuchfood.5)Myfather’sbirthdayiscoming.What_______Igethim?must__can’t_shouldshouldn'thavegivenshall__10'6)Hehadknownthematterbeforeyoutoldhim,soyou_________________(nottell)ittohim.7)Nowthattheywereallhere,she______as