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WhatisCriminalLaw?(什么是刑法)dealswithalltypesofoffencesandcrime.Itconcernsitselfwiththerecognitionofwhatamountstoacrimeandthepunishmentssuitablefortheserecognizedcrimes.MainsourcesofmodernScotslaw(現(xiàn)代蘇格蘭法主要來源)EuropeanUnionLawPrimaryLegislation:TreatyofRome1957TheSingleEuropeanAct1986TheTreatyonEuropeanUnion—byEuropeanUnionSecondaryLegislation:Regulation規(guī)定Directives指示Recommendations建議Opinions意見StatutorySourcesofLaw:ActsofParliament(議會立法)DelegatedLegislation(委托立法)EuropeanUnionlaw.(歐盟法)CommonLawSources:JudicialPrecedent(司法先例)Custom(習慣法)Equity(衡平法)InstitutionalWritings.(經(jīng)典法學著作)JudicialPrecedent(司法判例)案例:DonoghueVStevenson1932SC(HL)31ThisisthemostcommonmethodbywhichEnglishlawismade.Ifnoprovisioninlegislation,thejudgemustmakeadecisionwhichhe/sheseesasfairandjust.Thejudgeisactuallymakingthelaw.He/sheiscreatingaprecedent,andthedecisionwillbefollowedinthefutureinsimilarcases.Resultinthecreationof‘caselaw’.Ifcontrarylegislationispassedlater,thelegislationwilloverruleit.FourmostimportantinstitutionsofEuropeanUnion(歐盟4個主要機構(gòu))理事會Councilofministers議會EuropeanParliament法院theEuropeancourtofJustice歐盟委員會theEuropeancommissionLaw–makingpowersbyEuropeanUnioninstitutions(歐盟的立法機構(gòu))理事會Councilofministers議會EuropeanParliamentWhichtheWesterminsterParliamentortheScottishPaliamentisthesurperiorlegislationbody?Why?(威斯敏斯特議會和蘇格蘭議會哪個權(quán)力大)(1)WesterminsterParliament(2)TheScottishParliamentisnolongeracompletelyindependentbodyafter1707.WestminsterParliamenttomakelawstogivetherighttotheScottishParliament,ScottishParliamentenactedtwolaws,theBritishParliamentcanoverturnthelawsenactedbytheScottishParliament.NameActsofParliament(蘇格蘭制定的法律名稱)(1)SaleofGoodsAct1979(2)EmploymentRightsAct1996(3)HumanRightsAct1998(4)ProtectionofChildren(Scotland)Act2003(5)ThehealthandsafetyatworkAct1974Whatisacrime?(什么是犯罪)Example舉例Crimereferstotheorganizationorindividualinviolationofcriminallawsandregulations,havebeenidentifiedasviolationsofcivilprivatelyownedproperty,violationofpersonalrights,democraticrightsandotherrights,andotherharmfulsocialbehavior.Foxexample,Inorderforseizureofaperson'spropertyandintentionallymurderedhimExamplesofCriminalconduct刑事犯罪例子Murder(謀殺)Rape(強奸)Armedrobbery(持械搶劫)Manslaughter(過失殺人)Grievousbodilyharm(故意傷害罪)AssumingthereexamplesaconflictbetweenScotsandEuropeanUnionlawwhichoneofthetwolegalsystemaretheScottishCourtsboundtofollow?(當蘇格蘭法和歐盟法發(fā)生沖突時,蘇法院該遵守歐盟法,解釋)Whenthe1707,ScotlandbecamepartoftheUnitedKingdom,ScotlandmustcomplywiththeUnitedKingdom,theUnitedKingdomtogiveScotlandthepowertodevelopsecondarylegislation,buttheBritishParliamentenactedlegislationtooverthrowthepowerofScotland.BritainjoinedtheEUin1973,theUnitedKingdommustacceptsomeofthemajorEUpoliciesandlaws.SowhenScottishlawandEUlawconflict,theSovietUnionthecourtmustcomplywithEUlaw.NameinorderofimportancethetwolegislativebodieswhichcanpasslawsforthepeopleofScotland(蘇格蘭可以遵守哪2個立法機構(gòu)制定的法律)WesterminsterParliamentScottishParliamentExamplesofthelegalrulesmadebyEU(歐盟的立法)Regulations(規(guī)則)Directives(指令)Recommendations(建議)Opinions(意見)Decisions(決定)WhatdoyouunderstandbythephrasetheprimacyofEuropeanUnionLaw?(怎樣理解歐盟的首位立法)ThefirstisthefactthatEUlegislationandtheprovisionsofEUlegislationinconflictwiththelawofScotland,Scotlandhasitsownlaws,butastheprice,theScottishcourtisobligedtoimplementtheprovisionsoftheEuropeanUnion.WhatisStatuteLaw(什么是成文法)StatuteLegislationPassedbyUnitedKingdomParliament.UnitedKingdomParliamentcanmakelawforthewholeUKScottishParliamentcanmakelawforScottishpeople.成文法例子:《actsofSeadrift》《actsofAdjournal》Whatdoes(Scotland)inthetitleoftheProtectionofChildren(Scotland)Act1993meanTheword(Scotland)inthetitleoftheProtectionofChildren(Scotland)Act1993meansthatthispieceoflegislat
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