EIM Book 2 Unit 7 Disaster!單元知識(shí)要點(diǎn)

EnglishinMindBook2Unit7Disaster!Part1P54-55WordListdisaster[d??zɑ?st?(r)]n.災(zāi)難 nuclear[?nju?kli?(r)]adj.原子能的，核能的bomb[b?m]n.炸彈，核武器；v.轟炸 flood[fl?d]n.洪水；v.淹沒，大量涌入volcano[v?l?ke?n??]n.火山 hurricane[?h?r?k?n]n.颶風(fēng)rescue[?reskju?]v.營(yíng)救，援救，搶救；n.救援 damage[?d?m?d?]un.(有形的)損壞；v.破壞steal[sti?l]v.偷，竊取(~-stole-stolen) rob[r?b]v.搶劫confuse[k?n?fju?z]v.使糊涂，使迷惑，(將…)混淆 earthquake[???θkwe?k]n.地震complete[k?m?pli?t]v.完成；adj.完全的，徹底的 tsunami[tsu??nɑ?mi]n.海嘯mayor[me?(r)]n.鎮(zhèn)長(zhǎng)，市長(zhǎng)，郡長(zhǎng) seem[si?m]v.好像，似乎crack[kr?k]v.裂開，斷開；n.裂紋 collapse[k??l?ps]v.(突然)倒塌，坍塌，(因病)暈倒starving[?stɑ?v??]adj.餓極了的，餓得慌的 homeless[?h??ml?s]adj.無家可歸的estimate[?est?m?t]v.估價(jià)，估算；n.估價(jià) summary[?s?m?ri]n.總結(jié)destroy[d??str??]v.摧毀，毀滅，破壞 deadly[?dedli]adj.(可能)致命的，致死的 BeingUnderstoodcategory[?k?t?ɡ?ri]n.類別，種類 theBerlinWall柏林墻theEmpireStateBuilding帝國(guó)大廈 theStatueofLiberty自由女神像Pompein.龐貝古城(古羅馬城市) levee[?levi]n.防洪堤WordTransformationrob[r?b]v.搶劫robber[?r?b?(r)]n.強(qiáng)盜，搶劫犯robbery[?r?b?ri]n.盜竊，搶劫confuse[k?n?fju?z]v.使糊涂，使迷惑，(將…)混淆confused[k?n?fju?zd]adj.糊涂的，迷惑的confusing[k?n?fju?z??]難以理解的，不清楚的complete[k?m?pli?t]v.完成；adj.完全的，徹底的completely[k?m?pli?tli]adv.徹底地，完全地Phrases&Sentencesatotalof總計(jì)Atotalof24%heend最后=atlast=finallyattheendofsth在…的最后Attheendofthemoviethebigkillerappearedagain.[inthebeginning一開始/atthebeginning/startof在…開始的時(shí)候]crossoversp穿越某地havenowayofdoing沒法做某事there’snoway(forsb)todosthWehavenowayofprovingwearenotself-fish.keepsthout將…排除在外Thewallsarebuilttokeeptherobbersout.alargeamountof=quitealittle=agreatdealof+un大量的…alargenumberof=quiteafew+cn大量的beonfire著火（延續(xù)）Lookatthatsmoke,thatbuildingmustbeonfire.catchfire著火（瞬間）Stonebuildingsarenoteasytocatchfire.setfiretosth放火Aboysetfiretoafirework,anditburnedonthesticks.putthefireout滅火Wejusttriedtoputthefireoutbeforeitdamagedthehouse.thehomeless=thehomelesspeople無家可歸的人[the+adj.表一類人，作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)]berescuedby被…營(yíng)救Thelittlegirlwasrescuedbythepoliceintheend.bedamagedby被…損壞Mygrandparents’housewasdamagedbyanearthquakelastyear.befloodedwith被…淹沒Thecityhasalmostbeenflooded.insouthChina=insouthernChina=inthesouthofChina=inthesouthernpartofChinaconfuseAwithB把…跟…混淆Peopleoftenconfusemewithmyolderbrother.knockdown拆毀（建筑物）,（被車）撞倒inhumanhistory在人類歷史上Complexsentence(復(fù)雜句):Itseems(tosb)that+句子。Itseemsthatitismoredifficultforwomentogettothetopofthecompany.Itseemsthatnooneknowswhathashappenedinthepark.Itseemstomethathehasknowneverything.Simplesentence(簡(jiǎn)單句):Sb/Sthseemtodosth.[Sb/Sthseem(tobe)adj./n.]Theyoungmanseemedtohavechangedmuch.Mrs.greendoesn’tseem(或seemnot)toliketheidea.Themanoverthereseemstobeanewlawyer.語法運(yùn)用(簡(jiǎn)單句與復(fù)雜句的轉(zhuǎn)換)：Sb./Sth.seemtoV動(dòng).=Itseemsthatsb.+V動(dòng)(動(dòng)詞有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞兩種，注意時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致)Heseemstoleave.=Itseemsthathewillleave.Mymotherseems(tobe)satisfiedwithmydaughter’sperformance.=Itseemsthatmymotherissatisfiedwithmydaughter’sperformance.Before(after)+doingsth.=Before(after)sb.+V,sb.+V.Beforesleeping,hedrankaglassofmilk.=Beforeheslept,hedrankaglassofmilk.While/whendoingsth.=Whilesb.+be+doingsth.=Whensb.+be+doingsth./When+sb.+V.Whilelisteningtotheteacher,youshoulddosomenotes.=Whileyou’relisteningtotheteacher,youshoulddosomenotes.find/consider/feel/thinkit+adj.+todo=find/consider/feel/thinkthatitis+adj.+todoTheyfounditdifficulttolearnEnglish.=TheyfoundthatitwasdifficulttolearnEnglish.find/consider/feelsb.(賓格)+adj.=find/consider/feel(that)sb.(主格)+be+adj.Wefindherlazy.=Wefind(that)sheislazy.Sb.+be+done(believed/said/reported…)+to+do.=Itisdone(believed/said/reported…)+that+Sb.+V.Maryisbelievedtohavethemostdresses.=ItisbelievedthatMaryhasthemostdresses.tooadj./adv.(forsb)to.../…(not)adj./adv.enough(forsb)todo.../soadj./adv.that...Heistooyoungtogotoschool.=Heisn’toldenoughtogotoschool.=Heissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.Theexerciseiseasyenoughtofinish.=Theexerciseissoeasythatwecanfinishit.soastodo/inordertodo/todo=inorderthat/sothatsb.candoIstudyhardinorderto(soasto/to)gotouniversity.=Istudyhardinorderthat(sothat)Icangotouniversity.at(theageof)+基數(shù)詞=whensb.+was/were+基數(shù)詞Ateight,shewentabroadtostudy.=Shewentabroadtostudywhenshewaseight.inone’schildhood/asachild=whensb.wasachild.Ilivedwithmygrandparentsinmychildhood.=IlivedwithmygrandparentswhenIwasachild.becauseof+n.=because+sb.+V.Ididn’tgotothepartybecauseoftheheavyrain.=Ididn’tgotothepartybecauseitrainedheavily.withone’shelp=becausesbhelp...Sallypassedthedrivingtestwithhersister’shelp.=Sallypassedthedrivingtestbecausehersisterhelpedher.withoutsth.=ifthere’snosth./sb.+don’t+dosth.Icould’tsucceedwithoutyourhelp.=Icould’tsucceedifyoudidn’thelpme.分詞作后置定語的情況:ThegirlcalledNancyismyfriend.=ThegirlwhoiscalledNancyismyfriend.ThegirlcallingherselfNancyismyfriend.=ThegirlwhocallsherselfNancyismyfriend.過去分詞作后置定語，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)含被動(dòng)語態(tài)的定語從句。現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)含主動(dòng)語態(tài)的定語從句。ThegirlstudyingatCambridgeUniversityismysister.Thegirlwhostudies(isstudying)atCambridgeUniversityismysister.Part2P56-57WordListflying[?fla???]adj.能飛的 insect[??nsekt]n.昆蟲locust[?l??k?st]n.蝗蟲 swarm[sw??m]n.一大群(蜜蜂等昆蟲)altogether[???lt??ɡee?(r)]adv.總共，總而言之 imagine[??m?d??n]v.想象，設(shè)想，認(rèn)為square[skwe?(r)]n.平方，正方形，廣場(chǎng) distance[?d?st?ns]n.距離，間距，遠(yuǎn)方basic[?be?s?k]adj.基本的，基礎(chǔ)的 harvest[?hɑ?v?st]n.收成；v.收(莊稼)，捕獵(動(dòng)物)cause[k??z]v.造成，導(dǎo)致；n.原因，起因 certain[?s??tn]adj.肯定，確信；pron.某個(gè)，某些mention[?men?n]v.提到 field[fi?ld]n.田，地，牧場(chǎng)，場(chǎng)地harm[hɑ?m]n.&v.傷害，損害 fearn.&v.害怕，懼怕BeingUnderstoodenormous[??n??m?s]adj.巨大的，龐大的 proportion[pr??p???n]n.份額，比例volcano[v?l?ke?n??]n.火山 article[?ɑ?t?kl]

n.冠詞zeroarticle零冠詞 theMiddleEast中東WordTransformationflying[?fla???]adj.能飛的flyv.飛(-flew-flown)flightn.航班weigh[we?]v.稱重量weight[we?t]n.重量，重物basic[?be?s?k]adj.基本的，基礎(chǔ)的basically[?be?s?kli]adv.大體上，基本上hunger[?h??ɡ?(r)]n.饑餓hungryadj.饑餓的glassn.玻璃，玻璃杯glassesn.玻璃杯，眼鏡harm[hɑ?m]n.&v.傷害，損害harmful[?hɑ?mfl]adj.(尤指對(duì)健康或環(huán)境)有害的harmless[?hɑ?ml?s]adj.無害的fearn.&v.害怕，懼怕fearful[?f??fl]adj.恐懼的distance[?d?st?ns]n.距離，間距，遠(yuǎn)方distant[?d?st?nt]adj.遙遠(yuǎn)的imagine[??m?d??n]v.想象，設(shè)想，認(rèn)為imaginary[??m?d??n?ri]adj.幻想的，虛構(gòu)的imaginative[??m?d??n?t?v]adj.富于想象力的imagination[??m?d???ne??n]n.想象力，想象eruption[?'r?p?(?)n]n.爆(噴)發(fā)erupt[??r?pt]v.(火山)爆發(fā)，(巖漿、煙等)噴出powerful[?pa??fl]adj.強(qiáng)有力的powerless[?pa??l?s]adj.無能為力的power[?pa??(r)]權(quán)力，能力Phrases&Sentencesthenumberof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),譯為“…的數(shù)量”Thenumberofhomelesspeoplehasincreaseddramatically.anumberof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù),譯為“一些…”Anumberofhouseswereburntdowninthefire.aswarmof一大群Aswarmofjournalistsfollowedthefilmstar’scar.km2(squarekilometers)平方千米basicfacts基本事實(shí);基本情況Atfirst,Ineedtoknowsomebasicfactsaboutcomputers.Whatproportionoftheworld’spopulationcanbeindangerbecauseoflocustswarms?runaway=escape逃離,逃跑feartodosth.害怕做某事befearfulofsth.=beafraidofsth.Shefearedtotellhimthetruth.她不敢把真相告訴他。itdoesnoharm(forsb)todosth做某事沒有什么壞處beharmfultosb/sth(尤指對(duì)健康或環(huán)境)有害的Smokingisharmfultoone'shealth,吸煙有害健康。語法：冠詞用法冠詞(article)分為不定冠詞a(an)、定冠詞the和零冠詞(不用冠詞的情況)。不定冠詞一般表示泛指；定冠詞一般表示特指。零冠詞(Zeroarticles)即是指名詞前面沒有不定冠詞、定冠詞，也沒有其他限定詞的現(xiàn)象。定冠詞the的用法:表示上文提到過的人或事物。HeboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionarythismorning.Thedictionaryisverygood.用來表示世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物。thesun,themoon,theearth,theworld,theair,theland,thesea用于樂器名詞前，但漢語拼音的樂器前不用冠詞。playthepiano,playerhu用于姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)前，表示“兩夫婦”或“全家”。TheSmithswatchTVeveryday.用于某些形容詞或過去分詞前，表示一類人或事物。thepoor/poor/disabled…用在形容詞的最高級(jí)前或序數(shù)詞前。Johnisthefirstboytoarriveatschool.用在方向名詞和某些表示時(shí)間的詞組或習(xí)慣用語前。ontheright/inthemorning用于逢整十?dāng)?shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)前，表示某個(gè)年代。inthe1980s在20世紀(jì)80年代Hebegantoworkinhisfifties.他五十多歲才開始工作。零冠詞的用法：月、季、星期、節(jié)假、洲、稱呼、頭銜、職位、三餐，球類，慣用語、學(xué)科、棋類，表抽像時(shí)候的名詞前。InSeptember;onWednesday;onFather’sDay;playbasketball/chess;gotohospital…Part3P58-59WordListuninhabitable[??n?n?h?b?t?bl]adj.不宜居住的 neighbor['ne?b?(r)]n.鄰居cliff[kl?f]n.懸崖，峭壁[pl.cliffs] tiny[?ta?ni]adj.微小的，很少的rough[r?f]adj.粗糙的，粗野的 frequent[?fri?kw?nt]adj.頻繁的threaten[?θretn]v.威脅，恐嚇 emission[i?m??n]n.(光、熱、氣等的)發(fā)射，散發(fā)greenhouse[?ɡri?nha?s]n.溫室 gas[ɡ?s]n.氣體rising[?ra?z??]adj.上升的，上漲的 violent[?va??l?nt]adj.暴力的，猛烈的smooth[smu?e]adj.順利的，平滑的，平滑的 eventually[??vent?u?li]adv.最后，終于immigrant[??m?ɡr?nt]n.移民 refuse[r??fju?z]v.拒絕affect[??fekt]v.影響B(tài)eingUnderstoodTuvalu[?tu?v??lu?]n.圖瓦盧國(guó) Tuvaluan[?tu?vɑ??lu??n]n.圖瓦盧人TheVatican[?v?t?k?n]梵蒂岡 Nauru[nɑ??u?ru?]n.瑙魯Monaco[?m?n?k??]n.摩納哥 petrol[?petr?l]n.汽油cigarette[?s?ɡ??ret]n.香煙 helicopter[?hel?k?pt?(r)]n.直升機(jī)crack[kr?k]v.破裂，裂開，斷裂 starve[stɑ?v]vt.(使)挨餓，餓死；vi.餓死，挨餓WordTransformationuninhabitable[??n?n?h?b?t?bl]adj.不宜居住的habitable[?h?b?t?bl]adj.適合居住habitat[?h?b?t?t]n.棲息地affect[??fekt]v.影響effect[??fekt]n.影響effective[??fekt?v]adj.有效的ineffective[??n??fekt?v]adj.無效果的globe[ɡl??b]n.地球儀，地球global[?ɡl??bl]adj.全球的，全世界的immigrant[??m?ɡr?nt]n.移民immigrate[??m?ɡre?t]vi.移入；vt.使移居入境immigration[??m??ɡre??n]n.移居(入境)violent[?va??l?nt]adj.暴力的violence[?va??l?