2021-2022年山西省忻州市大學英語6級大學英語六級

2021-2022年山西省忻州市大學英語6級大學英語六級學校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Thenutritionalqualityoffoodproductvariesinaccordancewith______.

2.

Populationgrowthisthesolefactorthathaswidenedthegapbetweendevelopinganddevelopedcountries.

A.YB.NC.NG

3.

Totackletheproblemofe-wasteatthesourceinsteadofattheendoftheline,weneedtostartworkatthe______ofaproduct'slifecycle.

4.

Perhapsweuse"everybody","nobody","noone"tomakethingsseembetterknownthantheyare.

A.YB.NC.NG

5.Ifyouareoutstandingincertainfield,youaremorelikelytobereliedonwhenpeoplehave

6.

WhatwasthereasonthatledtothelossofmorethanhalfofAfricanmainfoodtwoyearsago?

A.Drought.

B.Toxininthecrop.

C.Themosaicvirus.

D.Thebarrensoil.

7.

Alargepercentageofseveredepressioncanherelievedortreatedbutinreality,mostofthemarenotseriouslytaken.

A.YB.NC.NG

8.

IncentralandnorthWales,mostpeopleearnalivingby______.

9.

Therewere50blacksailorswhofirmlyrefusedtogobacktoworkeventhoughtheywcrcthreatened______.

10.

Suchexpensesaschildcareanddependentsupportingcanbewithheldfromthepaycheckfor______.

11.

HenrikChristensenismostconcernedaboutwhetherrobotsare______.

A.harmlessB.powerfulC.intelligentD.durable

12.Whenyoufeelyourproblemisseriousandturntopsychologistsorsocialworkers,theywillprovide

13.MostofAntarcticaappearstobeimmunetothebigmeltfornowbecauseit'slargelyinsulatedfromglobaltrendsandit'ssobigastogenerate______.

14.

Anenhancedversionoftheservicewilluse______technologytogetthevideodatatoviewers.

15.Ifyoufailtosay"thankyou"tothereceptionists,theywillhavenegativeimpressionsofyou.

16.THEPARTYGENE

StevenBennerjokinglycallshimselfadilettante(業(yè)余藝術好愛者).AbiochemistattheUniversityofFloridainGainesville,Bennerlearnsawiderangeofdisciplines,frombioinformaticstoastrobiology.Hisaimistogaininsightintothebasicchemicalrulesthatgovernhowlifeworks--bothhereand,ultimately,onotherplanets.Butalthoughsciencedrewhisgazetotheskies,itwasalcoholthatbroughthimbackdowntoEarth.Or,tobemoreexact,theenzymesthatcanbothmakeandconsumeit.

Alcoholdehydrogenase(脫氫酶)isbestknownastheenzyme(酶)thatbreaksdownalcoholinthebody,andassuchithasbeenstudiedexhaustively.ButBennerandotherresearchersinthefieldhavenowturnedtoitsevolution,andtheirworkisprovidingfreshinsightintothepuzzleofwhysomecreatures,suchasyeast,cametomakealcoholandwhysomanyothers,includingourselves,cantolerateit.

Alcoholdehydrogenase--ADHforshort--isablankettermappliedtoalargeanddiversegroupofenzymes.Inmanycreatures,includingourselves,theyhelptoconvertalcohols,suchasethanol,intocom-poundsthatotherenzymescanbreakdownandextractenergyfrom.Butinanumberofmicroorganisms,theycanhelpthereversereaction,makingalcoholsaspartoftheprocessofextractingenergyfromsugars.

Thestarsofthesealcohol-producersaretheyeasts.NotonlydoSaccharomycesspeciesofyeastchurnoutoodlesofethanol,theycanalsotoleratefarhigherconcentrationsofitthanothermicroorganisms.Brewer'syeastowesthisabilitytotwoalcoholdehydrogenases:ADH1,whichmakesethanol,andADH2,whichbreaksitdownforuseasanenergysource.Yeastnotonlybrewsitsownmoonshine,itconsumesittoo—"tothelastdrop",asBennersays.

Atfirstsight,thismakesnosense.Makingethanolfromsugarandthenconsumingitisenergeticallyfarmorewastefulthansimplyconsumingthesugar.Researchershavelongponderedwhyyeastgoestoallthattrouble.Althoughitmightbenicetothinkthatthereisacreatureonttherewhoseraisond'etreistoparty,evolutiondoesn'tworkthatway.

Makeorbreak

BennerandhisteamcameacrosstheexplanationwhenhuntingfortheoriginsofADHinyeast.BennerisinterestedincombiningthestudyofgenesandproteinswithgeologyandpalaeontologytogaininsightintothehistoryoflifeonEarthandpresent-dayproteinfunction."Everybiomoleculeisbetterunderstoodifweknowitshistoryaswellasitsstructure,"hesays.

TheADHgenesinyeastmakeanintriguingsubjectforthisapproach.Whenyeastgaineditsabilitytomakealcohol,itmusthavedonesoasaresultofaselectionpressureinitsenvironmentand,whatismore,thiswouldhavehadaknock-oneffectonothercreatures.SoworkingoutwhenandhowtheADHenzymescametobecouldopenasmallwindowontowhatecosystemswerelikebackthen.

ADHgenesandtheproteinstheymakearewellstudiedandhavebeenisolatedfrommanydifferentspeciesofyeast,soBenner'steamhadplentyofusefulmaterialtoworkwith.ThegoalwastoreconstructtheoriginalgenethatwasduplicatedtogiverisetoADHIandADH2,andtoaskwhatitsfunctionwas--diditmakealcohol,ordiditbreakitdown'?

FromadatabaseofthesequencesofrelatedADHgenesinvariousyeasts--combinedwithadditionalADHgenesspeciallysequencedforthisstudy--BennerandhiscolleaguesassembledanevolutionarytreeofyeastADH.Thisshowedwheretheancestralgenewouldhavefittedinandhelpedtheresearchersworkoutitsmostlikelyaminoacid(氨)sequence.Inferringthepastfromthepresentisn'tperfect,sotheyendedupwith12slightlydifterentcandidategenes.

Fruitfulcollaboration

Thegroupthenreconstructedall12genesandtest

A.YB.NC.NG

17.Onecanturnto______ifhewantstoexerciseinarainingday.

18.

MostofAntarcticaappearstobeimmunetothebigmeltfornowbecauseit'slargelyinsulatedfromglobaltrendsandit'ssobigastogenerate______.

19.

Suiciderateisparticularlyhighamongyoungaboriginalmenastheyhavetostruggleagainstnotonlyemploymentandpovertybutalso______.

20.AccordingtoBoese,manypeoplebelievedthereportofSwissspaghettiharvestbecausetheBritishdidnotknow______.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

(12)

A.Attendingtheparty.

B.Visitingsomefriends.

C.Studyingforanexam.

D.Takinganexam.

22.(33)

A.Theyextendtheirwaterpipes.

B.Theygiveoutfaintcries.

C.Theymakenoisestodriveinsectsaway.

D.Theybecomeaselasticasrubberbands.

23.(13)

A.Ameetingroom.B.Alibrary.C.Ashop.D.Atoilet.

24.聽力原文：M:Ofthetwocarswehaveseen,whichonedoyouthinkfitsourneedsbetter,thefirstoneorthesecondone?

W:Thesecondone.Itseemsveryexpensive,butinthelongrunitwillsaveusalotofmoney.

Q:Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthereasonforherchoice?

(19)

A.Thefirstcartheysawistooexpensive.

B.Theymaysavesomemoneyforthetimebeing.

C.Sheishappywiththepricesetbytheseller.

D.Lessmoneywillbespentinthelongrun.

25.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽力原文：M:Ihaven'thadmuchexerciselately.MyonlyrecreationhasbeenwatchingTVorgoingtothemovies.Whatdoyoudoforrecreation?

M:InsummerItikeplayingtennisinsteadofswimmingandboating,andmyfavoritesportinthewinterisskating.

Q:Whatistheman'sfavoritesportinsummer?

(12)

A.Swimming.

B.Playingtennis.

C.Boating.

D.Playingtabletennis.

26.

【B10】

27.(22)

A.Theweight.

B.Thechemicalcomposition.

C.Thecolor.

D.Theshape.

28.(34)

A.WhythePresidentopposesabill.

B.Howlawmakerswanttoreviseabill.

C.Whyadeadlinehasnotbeenmet.

D.Whenlawmakersplantoendtheirsession.

29.(15)

A.Theoldhousesshouldbeturnedintostores.

B.Thecityneedsevenmoremodernization.

C.Thisshoppingcenterisquiteold.

D.Newshoppingcentersareverycommon.

30.(32)

A.Gettingrichquickly.

B.Respectingindividualrights.

C.Distinguishingoneself.

D.Doingcredittoone'scommunity.

31.(40)

32.聽力原文：M:Ijustcalledthetravelagency.Itisallset.OnJune10th,Iamheadingforthemountainsforanentireweek.

W:Haveyoucheckedtheacademiccalendar?Becauseourclassesaren'tovertillthe20th.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?

(14)

A.Themanmayhavetoreschedulehistrip.

B.Themanshouldtakehisvacationsomewhereelse.

C.Shehasn'tcalledthetravelagentyet.

D.Shedoesn'tknowwhenhersemesterends.

33.聽力原文：M:Excuseme,MissLily.ButIwashopingtotalktoyouaboutmypresentationforliterature.

W:Ihaveaclassinafewminutes.Whydon'tyoucomeandseemetomorrowmorninginthedepartmentoffice?

Q:WhenwillthemandiscusshispresentationwithMissLily?

(18)

A.Duringliteratureclass.

B.Thenextday.

C.Inaboutanhour.

D.Beforeliteratureclass.

34.(24)

A.Acoupleofdays.B.Fourdays.C.Sixmonths.D.Twoweeks.

35.(21)

A.Increasingdemandsforgoods.

B.Slightriseinconsumerprices.

C.Difficultyinborrowingmoney.

D.Notmentioned.

36.(26)

A.Byreadingherpolishedessay.

B.Byproofreadingherfirstdraft.

C.Bybringinghersomereferencebooks.

D.Byexaminingheroutline.

37.(25)

A.SheshouldhaveaholidayinearlyJuly.

B.SheshouldgotoItalyforaholiday.

C.Sheshouldbookaluxuriousholiday.

D.Sheshouldselectagoodresort.

38.聽力原文：TheAmericangovernment,aswellaseveryAmericanindividual,istouchedbyandconcernedwithinflation,andPresidentCarterhascalleditourNo.iproblem.Indeed,inflationdeservesthistitle.

(29)Thegreatjumpininflationhasbeenduringthepast10years.Lookingattherawfigures,peoplemightconsiderthisatimeofprosperity.Thewageoftheaverageworkerwas$114aweekin1969,andbySeptember,1978ithadreached$206.Thenumbergrewasmuchas$92.Onthesurfaceitmightseemthatpeoplearebetteroff,butitisnottrue.Takingintoconsiderationtheeffectsofinflation,thepictureisdifferent.Actually,inflationplaysanimportantrole.

(30)In1976theconsumerpriceindexstoodat100andithasnowtopped200.Allowingforthis,theaveragewageofworkerswas$104in1969and$105inApril1978.Sincethenwithmoreinflationanygaininpurchasingpowerhasbeenwipedoutandmoretakenaway.Infactduringtheyearof1978,thebuyingpoweroftheaveragepaycheckhadfallenby3.4percent.Inadditiontotheincometax,(31)thereareusuallystateandcountrytaxes,thesalestax,thatisaddedtothecostofanitemattheretaillevel.Thisisanothertaxthathasbeenincreasingwithinflation,anditaffectsallpurchasers,includingthepoorestcitizens.Thinktwicebeforeyousaythatinflationisnotabigdeal.

(30)

A.Itfirstbecomeseriousaboutfiveyearsago.

B.Ithasfinallybeenbroughtundercontrol.

C.Itmayleadtoprosperity.

D.Ithasbeenclimbing.

39.聽力原文：W:IhavebeenwonderingwhatsortofclothesIamgoingtowearformyvisittoLondon.What'stheweatherusuallylikeinyourcountryinJuly?

M:It'snotsobad.Generallyspeaking,therearemorerainydaysinSeptember.Butwhenyoucomehere,itwillbeveryhumidratherthancold.

Q:WhatwilltheweatherbelikeinLondoninJuly?

(14)

A.Itwillberainy.

B.Itwillbecold.

C.Itwillbemoistandhot.

D.Itwillbeverypleasant.

40.

【B11】

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.Whyaretoday'soldermiddle-agedandelderlybecomingthenewwinners?

A.Becausetheymaderelativelysmallcontributionsintax,butyoungergenerationwillpossiblyhandovermorethanathirdoftheirlifetime'searningsforthecareofthem.

B.Becausetheycontributedalotintaxandnowcanclaimmuchonthewelfaresystem.

C.Becausetheymadesmallcontributions,butnowcanmakemoneyeasily.

D.Becausetheyoutnumberyoungergenerationandenjoymoreprivilegesinthepresentsociety.

42.

【C9】

43.

WhatmakesNetflix'srevenueriseinadeeprecessionbackground?

A.TheservicespeedofNetflixisquitesatisfactory.

B.Netflix'srentingbusinessismoreattractive.

C.Netflixpossessesallmannerofmoviesandshows

D.Netflix'smovieonsaleislessexpensiveandeasytoplace.

44.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Localgovernmentispoliticaladministrationofthesmallestsubdivisionsofacountry'sterritoryandpopulation.Althoughtherearespecial-purposelocalgovernmentbodies(e.g.,schoolboardsintheUnitedStates),moreimportantarethosethatcarryoutabroadrangeofpublicactivitieswithinadefinedareaandpopulation.Almostallsuchlocalgovernmentbodiessharecertaincharacteristics:acontinuingorganization;theauthoritytoundertakepublicactivities;theabilitytoenterintocontracts;therighttosueandbesued;andtheabilitytocollecttaxesanddetermineabudget.Areasoflocalgovernmentauthorityusuallyincludepublicschools,localhighways,municipalservices,andsomeaspectsofsocialwelfareandpublicorder.Animportantdistinctionamongtypesoflocalgovernmentisthatbetweenrepresentativebodies,whichareelectedlocallyandhavedecision-makingauthority,andnon-representativebodies,whichareeitherappointedfromabove,or,ifelectedlocally,havenoindependentgoverningauthority.Whilemostcountrieshavecomplexsystemsoflocalgovernment,thoseofFro,riceandGreatBritainhaveservedasmodelsformuchoftherestoftheworld.

TheBritishsystemoflocalgovernment,whichhasbeenthemodelformostofthatcountry'sformercolonies,includingtheUnitedStates,isthemostrepresentativeofthemajortypes.Largelyreformedinthe19thcenturyandextensivelyrestructuredinthe1970s,thesystemstresseslocalgovernmentautonomythroughelectedcouncilsonthecountyandsub-countylevels.Thissystemwasmarkedbylesscentralgovernmentinterferenceandgreaterlocalbudgetaryauthoritythaninothersystems.However,in1986,sixmajorcountygovernmentswereabolishedbyParliament,whilethepowersofotherswererestricted.AspecialfeatureoftheBritishsystemisitsuseofanextensivecommitteesystem,insteadofastrongexecutive,forsupervisingtheadministrationofpublicservices.

Despitedifferencesamongstates,localgovernmentsoftheUnitedStatesfollowthegeneralprinciplesoftheBritishsystem,exceptthatastrongexecutiveiscommon.Thecountyremainstheusualpoliticalsubdivision,althoughithasretainedmoreauthorityinruralthaninurbanareas,whereincorporatedmunicipalitieshavemostofthelocalpower.Inbothruralandurbanareasthelocalgovernment'srelationshiptothestateisacomplexoneofsharedauthorityandcarefullydefinedareasoflegalcompetence.Localgovernmentsarepulledtwoways,increasinglyreliantonstateandfederalfundingtocarryouttheirexpectedduties,whilefearfuloflosingtheirtraditionaldegreeoflocalcontrol.

Allthelocalgovernmentbodiesaresimilarintheirlackofrightsto______.

A.signcontractswithcompanies

B.decideonthelocalexpenditureplan

C.takechargeinpublicservices

D.exertpoweroutsidetheirlocalarea

45.

Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.DangerousSchoolLife.

B.PowerofRoleModels.

C.CampusViolence.

D.TeachersSuffer.

46.

Theproblemthatthepopulationbecomesaging______.

A.isexceptionaltoGermany

B.hasbecomeuniversal

C.canberelievedinJapanwiththeshrinkageofitspopulationtoaround95m

D.makestheeconomicoutlookinthedevelopedcountriesevenmoregloomy

47.

【C2】

48.

______aresharplycriticizedbysomelawmakersbecausetheyletworkerslaboratGroundZerowithoutsatisfactoryequipment.

49.

Theauthorarguesthatourbodieshavestoppedevolvingbecause______.

A.lifehasbeenimprovedbytechnologicaladvance

B.thenumberoffemalebabieshasbeendeclining

C.thedifferencebetweenwealthandpovertyisdisappearing

D.ourspecieshasreachedthehigheststageofevolution

50.

Withwhatconclusion,regardingFrenchmother,isthereaderleft?

A.Theyequategoodnesswithreason.

B.Theyidentifywisdomwithreasonableness.

C.Theyknowhowtoappealtowhatisbestintheirsons.

D.Theyarethemostsignificantinfluenceintheirson'slives.

51.AccordingtoDr.Chiu,whatmakesitpossibletotrackdownanypaperworkisto______.

A.makealltheimperfectionsofmachinesdeliberate

B.findouttheguiltycreatorofthecounterfeitdocument

C.allowmoreimperfectlydesignedprinterstobesold

D.markalltheprintersinaspecialandsecretway

52.

Whilemoderneconomicdevelopmentrequiresmorehighlyeducatedpeople,______.

A.50percentofthecollegestudentsareunabletofinishtheirstudies

B.professionaltrainingforhighschoolgraduatesisofequalimportance

C.thetransitionbetweencollegeandworkisstillahardjobformanyyouth

D.job-relatedskillsarenotwithintherangeofhighereducation

53.

Theauthor'sattitudetowardsLarryMyer'sworkis__

A.cautiousB.approvingC.suspiciousD.overenthusiastic

54.

Wecaninferfromthelasttwoparagraphsthat_________.

A.publicrelationsplayanimportantroleintheentertainmentindustry

B.allpractitionersinpublicrelationsaregoodatpersuasion

C.publicrelationsareonlypopularinadvancedcountries

D.publicrelationshavenotbeenheardofindevelopingcountries

55.Publicrelationsismanagementfunctionthatcreates,develops,andcarriesoutpoliciesandprogramstoinfluencepublicopinionorpublicreactionaboutanidea,aproduct,oranorganization.Thefieldofpublicrelationshasbecomeanimportantpartoftheeconomic,socialandpoliticalpatternoflifeinmanynations.Thatfieldincludesadvertising,promotionalactivities,andpresscontact.Publicrelationsalsoexistsatthesametimeinbusinesswithmarketingandmerchandisingtocreatetheclimateinwhichallsellingfunctionsoccur.

Publicrelationsactivitiesinthemodernworldhelpinstitutionstocopesuccessfullywithmanyproblems,tobuildprestigeforanindividualoragroup,topromoteproducts,andtowinelections.Themajorityofpublicrelationsworkersarestaffemployeesworkingwithinacorporateorinstitutionalframework.Othersoperateinpublicrelationscounselingfirms.

Inindustry,publicrelationspersonnelkeepmanagementinformedofchangesintheopinionsofVariouspublics(thatis,thegroupsofpeoplewhosesupportisneeded):employees,stockholders(股東),customers,suppliers,dealers,thecommunity,andthegovernment.Theseprofessionalscounselmanagementastotheimpactofanyactionorlackofactiononthebehavior.ofthetargetaudiences.Onceanorganizationaldecisionhasbeenmade,thepublicrelationspersonhasthetaskofcommunicatingthisinformationtothepublicusingmethodsthatpromoteunderstanding,anddesiredbehavior.Forexample,ahospitalmerger,anindustrialplantclosing,ortheintroductionofanewproductallrequirepublicrelationsplanningandskill.

Publicrelationsactivitiesareamajorpartofthepoliticalaffairsinmanynations.Politiciansseekingoffice,governmentagenciesseekingacceptanceandcooperation,officialsseekingsupportfortheirpolicies,andforeigngovernmentsseekingaidandalliesabroadallmakeextensiveuseofcounselingservicesprovidedbypublicrelationsspecialists.

Publicrelationsalsoplayanimportantroleintheentertainmentindustry.Thetheater,motionpictures,sports,restaurants,andindividualsallusepublicrelationsservicestoincreasetheirbusinessoraddtotheirimage.Otherpublicrelationsclientsareeducational,socialserviceandcharitableinstitutions,tradeunions,religiousgroups,andprofessionalsocieties.

Thesuccessfulpublicrelationspractitioner(從業(yè)者)isaspecialistincommunicationartsandpersuasion.Specializedskillsarerequiredtohandlepublicopinionresearch,mediarelations,directmailactivities,institutionaladvertising,publications,filmandvideoproduction,andspecialevents.Publicrelationsservicesaresofarvirtuallyunusedinmanydevelopingnations,buttheyarelikelytobeafuturegovernmentconcern.

InParagraphOne,theauthormainlytellsus_________.

A.themethodsofpublicrelations

B.theactivitiesofpublicrelations

C.thefunctionsofpublicrelations

D.thedefinitionofpublicrelations

56.【S6】

57.

TishSommersarguesthatolderwomenfindithardtoescape______whensexismandageismstartsimultaneously.

58.

Whensayingthat"Thesuccessofthegold-exchangestandard,however,dependedonthesuperiorpositionoftheUnitedStatesinworldtrade",theauthorismostprobablyreferringthat______.

A.underthissystem,theUnitedStateswasrequiredtolendmoneytoanycountrythatasked

B.underthissystem,theUnitedStateswastheonlycountryallowedtomaintaingoldreserves

C.tyingthevalueofmostcurrenciestoanyonecurrencyrequiresthatthecurrencybeStable

D.thegoldexchangestandardislessflexibleinmeetingcurrencydemandsthanthegoldstandard

59.Theword"demographic"(Line4,Para.1)means______.

A.statisticsofhuman

B.surroundingsstudy

C.accumulationofhuman

D.developmentofhuman

60.

Whenhewokeupinthemorning,hewould______.

A.rollupthecurtains

B.helpMrs.LeftandMrs.Right

C.trytoworkouthisplansfortheday

D.makeMrs.LeftarguewithMrs.Right

四、5.ErrorCorrection(5題)61.

【S4】

62.

【S10】

63.

【S5】

64.

【S3】

65.

【S6】

五、6.Translation(5題)66.Asisknowntoall，itisveryimportant____________________(培養(yǎng)孩子們的合作精神)．

67.Theheadmasterbelievedthat___________________________.(為教育青年人做出再大的犧牲也不過分).

68.____________(從正反兩個方面權衡這個討論之后),itseemstherearegoodeconomicandecologicalreasonsforsourcesofenergyotherthannuclearpower.

69.Notuntillastweek______(他才意識到他被卷入了極大的財政麻煩中).

70.__________andhehadnootherwayofmakingaliving.(船的丟失對這位漁民是個災難).

參考答案

1.pricedifferencespricedifferences解析：參見“TheMainEconomizingPractices”小節(jié)最后一句話：Althoughqualitydifferences...oftencontributetopricesdifferences，differencesinnutritionalqualityarealsoevident．(食品營養(yǎng)含量的不同對價格的影響還是很明顯的。)inaccordancewith與……一致。

2.B解析：文章第四自然段第三句...，itisoneimportantvariablethat...，人口激增是一個導致發(fā)達國家與發(fā)展中國家的貧富差距擴大的一個重要的變數(shù)，而非唯一的因素。

3.designstagedesignstage解析：參看GlobalSolution部分的第二段第一句話“Ifwe'reseriousaboutaddressingourwasteproblems，weneedtostartworkatthedesignstageofaproduct'slifecycle．”，說明如果我們要認真對待廢物處理問題就需要在產(chǎn)品的設計階段著手工作。

4.A解析：見文章倒數(shù)第四段第一句話。

5.veryspecializedneedsveryspecializedneeds解析：由題干中certainfield可定位到第六個小標題下末句Becomethepersonpeoplehavetogotowhentheyhaveveryspecializedneeds，becauseyou'retheonlyonethatdoesit.此處，certainfield和specializedneeds呼應。此處要求填入名詞性短語，作have的賓語。本題考查精于專業(yè)知識的意義。根據(jù)原句可知，精于專業(yè)知識，當人們有這方面的專門需求時，便會受人青睞。因此原句中when引導的狀語從句賓語即為本題答案。

6.C解析：題干考查的是兩年前導致非洲玉米主要食物損失一半以上的原因。根據(jù)定位句，可以找出題干中所指的mainfood指的是文章中的akeysourceofcalories，即cassavacrop；因此，根據(jù)定位句可知這一損失是由themosaicvirus引起的。所以本題答案為C。

7.A解析：根據(jù)原文可知有超過80％的重性抑郁癥患者能得到治療，但是他們中的大部分卻沒有尋求治療，也就是說大部分人都沒有足夠地重視自己所患的抑郁癥，故本題答案為Y。

8.farmingfarming解析：同義轉述題。題干把原文中的“農業(yè)是主要的工作”變成了“大多數(shù)人通過___謀生”，用詞不同，但意思沒有兩樣。因此，空格處填farming。

9.withachargeofmutiny(or.tobechargedwithmutiny)withachargeofmutiny(or.tobechargedwithmutiny)

10.federalincometaxfederalincometax解析：由題干關鍵詞withheldfromthepaycheck可將答案定位至第三個小標題下第二段第五句。Theinformationonthisform.tellsyouremployerjusthowmuchmoneyitneedstowithholdfromyourpaycheckforfederalincometax,劃線部分就是答案。

11.A解析：原文表明HenrikChristensen很關心機器人的security和safety方面的問題，也就是說，他認為機器人應該首先對人不會構成安全上的威脅；即harmless，因此本題應選A。

12.professionalhelpprofessionalhelp解析：空前的provide表明，本空應填一名詞或名詞短語。該句提到，如果你覺得自己的問題嚴重，可以從心理醫(yī)生、精神科醫(yī)生或社會工作者那兒尋求專業(yè)援助。由此可知，心理醫(yī)生或社會工作者提供的是專業(yè)援助，故答案為professionalhelp。

13.itsownclimaticsystemsitsownclimaticsystems解析：根據(jù)題干中的信息詞Antarctica、immune和insulated定位到第三個小標題下的最后一段，可知南極大體上不受全球趨勢的影響，而且南極非常大，可以形成自己的氣候體系，所以南極大部分現(xiàn)在似乎還沒有融化，由此可得答案。

14.peer-to-peerfilesharingpeer-to-peerfilesharing解析：從“Anenhancedversionoftheservicewillusepeer-to-peerfile-sharingtechnologytogetthevideodatatoviewers.”可以得到答案。

15.NGNG解析：第一個小標題下的最后一點建議提到，不要忘記說“再見”，如果你沒有和剛剛遇到的人說“再見”，就會給別人留下不好的印象，但原文并投有提到不說“謝謝”會有怎樣的后果。

16.A解析：本題根據(jù)自然段第一句而設，blanketterm為“統(tǒng)稱”，與coverterm是同義詞。題目中的縮寫是很好的搜索關鍵詞。

17.thegymthegym解析：該段提到，Thegymcanbe…somewheretoexerciseondayswhenyoucan'tfacethecoldortherain(在你無法忍受的寒冷和下雨的日子里，體育館是個鍛煉的好地方)，由此可以推斷出，如果一個人想在下雨天鍛煉，應該是去體育館。此外，本題所設的空在句中，所以注意所填詞均為小寫。

18.itsownclimaticsystemsitsownclimaticsystems解析：根據(jù)題干中的信息詞Antarctica、immune和insulated定位到第三個小標題下的最后一段，可知南極大體上不受全球趨勢的影響，而且南極非常大，可以形成自己的氣候體系，所以南極大部分現(xiàn)在似乎還沒有融化，由此可得答案。

19.alcoholismandracismalcoholismandracism解析：參見“PossibleCausesforSuicide”小節(jié)部分第3段第3句：Suicideisespeciallyhighamongthemostmarginal.,youngAboriginalmen,isolatedbypoverty,alcoholismandracism.

20.muchabouttherestofEuropemuchabouttherestofEurope解析：根據(jù)題干中的信息詞Swissspaghettiharvest定位到第五個小標題，該部分最后一段提到，Boese表示，英國人不太了解歐洲其他國家。再結合上文可知，這正是許多英國人相信瑞士的意大利面條大豐收的原因。

21.C解析：W:Hi,Bob.Comein.I'mgladyoucouldmakeittothepartythisevening.Where'sJane?

M:Shesendsyouherapologies.Shehasabigexamtomorrowandwantstobesureshe'sreadyforit.

Q:What'sJanedoingthisevening?

22.B

23.D解析：M:Whyareyougoingsofast?Whereareyougoing,Mrs.Black?

W:Ah...Look!"LadiesandGentlemen".

Q:WhereisMrs.Blackgoing?

24.D

25.B

26.theambitionsthatparentshavefortheirchildrenareanothercauseofthedivisionbetweenthemtheambitionsthatparentshavefortheirchildrenareanothercauseofthedivisionbetweenthem

27.D

28.A解析：短文中涉及vetomessage的相關信息是ThePresidenthastendaystovetothebill...whyit'sbeingrejected,由此可知vetomessage解釋了總統(tǒng)否決一項議案的原因，故A項為答案。

29.D解析：M：