項目管理英文術語

英文術語漢語翻譯Accept驗收Acceptance驗收AcceptanceCriteria驗收標準AcquireProjectTeam[Process]獲取項目團隊Activity活動ActivityAttributes[Output/Input]活動屬性ActivityCode活動編碼ActivityDefinition[Process]活動定義ActivityDescription(AD)活動描述ActivityDuration活動歷時ActivityDurationEstimating[Process]活動歷時估算ActivityIdentifier活動標識符ActivityList[Output/Input]活動列表Activity-on-Arrow(AOA)入。入、雙代號法Activity-on-Node(AON)AON、單代號法ActivityResourceEstimating[Process]活動資源估算ActivitySequencing[Process]活動排序ActualCost(AC)實際成本ActualCostofWorkPerformed(ACWP)已執(zhí)行工作的實際成本ActualDuration實際歷時ActualFinishDate(AF)實際完成日期ActualStartDate(AS)實際開始日期AnalogousEstimating[Technique]類比估算ApplicationArea應用領域ApportionedEffort(AE)分配的工作量

Approval批準Approve批準ApprovedChangeRequest已批準的變更請求Arrow箭線ArrowDiagrammingMethod(ADM)箭線圖As-ofDate截止日期Assumptions[Output/Input]假設AssumptionsAnalysis[Technique]假設分析Authority職權BackwardPass逆向推算BarChart[Tool]條形圖（甘特圖）Baseline基線BaselineFinishDate基線完成日期BaselineStartDate基線開始日期BillofMaterials(BOM)材料單Bottom-upEstimating[Technique]自底向上估算Brainstorming[Technique]頭腦風暴Budget預算BudgetatCompletion(BAC)完工預算BudgetedCostofWorkPerformed(BCWP)已執(zhí)行工作的預算成本BudgetedCostofWorkScheduled(BCWS)計劃工作的預算成本Buffer緩沖Buyer買方CalendarUnit日歷單位ChangeControl變更控制ChangeControlBoard(CCB)變更控制委員會

ChangeControlSystem[Tool]變更控制系統(tǒng)ChangeRequest變更請求ChartofAccounts[Tool]賬目圖表Charter章程（憲章）Checklist[Output/Input]檢查單Claim索償、索賠CloseProject[Process]結項（結束項目）ClosingProcesses[ProcessGroup]結束（收尾）過程CodeofAccounts[Tool]賬目編碼Co-location[Technique]同地辦公CommonCause共同原因Communication溝通CommunicationManagementPlan[Output/Input]溝通管理計劃CommunicationsPlanning[Process]溝通規(guī)劃Compensation補償Component部（組）件ConfigurationManagementSystem[Tool]配置管理系統(tǒng)Constraint[Input]約束（條件）Contingency意外、應急情況ContingencyAllowance應急余量ContingencyReserve[Output/Input]應急儲備Contract[Output/Input]合同ContractAdministration[Process]合同管理ContractClosure[Process]合同終止/收尾ContractManagementPlan[Output/Input]合同管理計劃ContractStatementofWork(SOW)[Output/Input]合同工作說明書

ContractWorkBreakdownStructure(CWBS)[Output/Input]合同工作分解結構Control[Technique]控制ControlAccount(CA)[Tool]控制帳目ControlAccountPlan(CAP)[Tool]控制賬目計劃ControlChart[Tool]控制圖ControlLimits控制范圍Controlling控制CorrectiveAction糾正措施Cost成本CostBaseline成本基線CostBudgeting[Process]成本預算CostControl[Process]成本控制CostEstimating[Process]成本估算CostManagementPlan[Output/Input]成本管理計劃CostofQuality(COQ)[Technique]質量成本CostPerformanceIndex(CPI)成本績效系數Cost-Plus-Fee(CPF)成本加附加費Cost-Plus-Fixed-Fee(CPFF)Contract成本加固定附加費合同Cost-Plus-Incentive-Fee(CPIF)Contract成本加獎勵合同Cost-Plus-PercentageofCost(CPPC)成本加成本比率合同Cost-ReimbursableContract成本償還合同CostVariance(CV)成本偏差Crashing[Technique]壓縮、趕工CreateWBS(WorkBreakdownStructure)[Process]創(chuàng)建工作分解結構Criteria準則/標準

CriticalActivity關鍵活動CriticalChainMethod[Technique]關鍵鏈法CriticalPath[Output/Input]關鍵路徑CriticalPathMethod(CPM)[Technique]關鍵路徑法CurrentFinishDate當前結束日期CurrentStartDate當前開始日期Customer顧客、客戶DataDate(DD)數據時期Date時期、日期DecisionTreeAnalysis[Technique]決策樹分析Decompose分解Decomposition[Technique]分解Defect缺陷DefectRepair缺陷修復Deliverable[Output/Input]可交付物DelphiTechnique[Technique]德爾菲技術Dependency依賴關系DesignReview[Technique]設計評審DevelopProjectCharter[Process]制定項目章程DevelopProjectManagementPlan[Process]制定項目管理計劃DevelopProjectScopeStatement(Preliminary)[Process]制定項目范圍說明書（初步）DevelopProjectTeam[Process]項目團隊建設DirectandManageProjectExecution[Process]指導和管理項目執(zhí)行Discipline學科、專業(yè)DiscreteEffort離散工作量

Document文檔DocumentedProcedure總結并記錄下來的流程DummyActivity虛活動Duration(DUorDUR)歷時EarlyFinishDate(EF)最早結束時間EarlyStartDate(ES)最早開始時間EarnedValue(EV)掙值EarnedValueManagement(EVM)掙值管理EarnedValueTechnique(EVT)[Technique]掙值技術Effort工作量Enterprise企業(yè)EnterpriseEnvironmentalFactors[Output/Input]企業(yè)環(huán)境因素/事業(yè)環(huán)境因素Estimate[Output/Input]估算EstimateatCompletion(EAC)[Output/Input]完工估算EstimatetoComplete(ETC)[Output/Input]完工尚需估算Event事件ExceptionReport異常報告Execute執(zhí)行Executing執(zhí)行ExecutingProcesses[ProcessGroup]執(zhí)行過程Execution執(zhí)行ExpectedMonetaryValue(EMV)Analysis期望貨幣值分析ExpertJudgment[Technique]專家判斷FailureModeandEffectAnalysis(FMEA)[Technique]失效模式和影響分析FastTracking[Technique]快速跟進

FinishDate結束日期Finish-to-Finish(FF)結束-結束Finish-to-Start(FS)結束-開始Firm-Fixed-Price(FFP)Contract固定總價合同Fixed-Price-Incentive-Fee(FPIF)Contract固定價格加獎勵合同Fixed-PriceorLump-SumContract固定價格或總額合同Float浮動時間Flowcharting[Technique]流程圖Forecasts預測、預想ForwardPass正向推算、正推法FreeFloat(FF)自由浮動時間FunctionalManager職能經理FunctionalOrganization職能型組織Funds資金GanttChart甘特圖Goods貨物、物品、商品Grade等級GroundRules[Tool]基本規(guī)則、條例HammockActivity集合活動HistoricalInformation歷史信息HumanResourcePlanning[Process]人力資源規(guī)劃ImposedDate強制日期InfluenceDiagram[Tool]影響圖Influencer有影響力的人InformationDistribution[Process]信息發(fā)布InitiatingProcesses[ProcessGroup]啟動過程、開始過程

Initiator發(fā)起人Input[ProcessInput]輸入Inspection[Technique]審查Integral整體（構成整體所必須的）Integrated整體的IntegratedChangeControl[Process]整體變更控制InvitationforBid(IFB)邀標書Issue問題、爭端Knowledge知識KnowledgeAreaProcess知識域過程KnowledgeArea,ProjectManagement知識域、項目管理Lag[Technique]滯后LateFinishDate(LF)最遲結束時間LateStartDate(LS)最遲開始時間LatestRevisedEstimate最新修訂的估算Lead[Technique]超前LessonsLearned[Output/Input]經驗教訓LessonsLearnedKnowledgeBase經驗知識庫LevelofEffort(LOE)投入水平Leveling平衡LifeCycle生命周期Log日志Logic邏輯LogicDiagram邏輯圖LogicalRelationship邏輯關系ManageProjectTeam[Process]管理項目團隊

ManageStakeholders[Process]管理項目干系人MasterSchedule[Tool]主進度表Materiel物資MatrixOrganization矩陣型組織Methodology方法論Milestone里程碑MilestoneSchedule[Tool]里程碑進度Monitor監(jiān)督MonitorandControlProjectWork[Process]監(jiān)督和控制項目工作Monitoring監(jiān)督MonitoringandControllingProcesses[ProcessGroup]監(jiān)督和控制過程MonteCarloAnalysis蒙特卡洛分析Near-CriticalActivity近關鍵路徑/次關鍵路徑Network網絡NetworkAnalysis網絡分析NetworkLogic網絡邏輯NetworkLoop網絡循環(huán)NetworkOpenEnd網絡開放端NetworkPath網絡路徑Networking[Technique]人際網Node節(jié)點Objective目標、目的Operations（日常）運營Opportunity機會Organization組織OrganizationChart[Tool]組織圖

OrganizationalBreakdownStructure(OBS)[Tool]組織分解結構OrganizationalProcessAssets[Output/Input]組織過程財富/組織過程資產OriginalDuration(OD)初始歷時Output[ProcessOutput]輸出ParametricEstimating[Technique]參數式估算ParetoChart[Tool]帕累托圖PathConvergence路徑會聚PathDivergence路徑發(fā)散PercentComplete(PCorPCT)完成百分率PerformQualityAssurance(QA)[Process]執(zhí)行質量保證PerformQualityControl(QC)[Process]執(zhí)行質量控制PerformanceMeasurementBaseline績效測量基線PerformanceReporting[Process]績效報告PerformanceReports[Output/Input]績效報告PerformingOrganization執(zhí)行組織Phase階段PlanContracting[Process]計劃簽約PlanPurchasesandAcquisitions[Process]計劃購買和獲取PlannedFinishDate(PF)計劃結束時間PlannedStartDate(PS)計劃開始時間PlannedValue(PV)計劃值PlanningPackage計劃包PlanningProcesses[ProcessGroup]計劃過程Portfolio投資組合PortfolioManagement[Technique]投資組合管理/項目組合管理PositionDescription[Tool]職（崗）位描述

Practice慣例PrecedenceDiagrammingMethod(PDM)[Technique]前導圖法PrecedenceRelationship前導關系PredecessorActivity前置活動PreventiveAction預防措施ProbabilityandImpactMatrix[Tool]概率和影響矩陣Procedure流程Process過程ProcessGroup過程組ProcurementDocuments[Output/Input]采購文檔ProcurementManagementPlan[Output/Input]采購管理計劃Product產品ProductLifeCycle產品生命周期ProductScope產品范圍ProductScopeDescription產品范圍描述Program大型項目ProgramManagement大型項目管理ProgramManagementOffice(PMO)大型項目管理辦公室ProgressiveElaboration[Technique]漸進明細Project項目ProjectCalendar項目日歷ProjectCharter[Output/Input]項目章程ProjectCommunicationsManagement[KnowledgeArea]項目溝通管理ProjectCostManagement[KnowledgeArea]項目成本管理

ProjectHumanResourceManagement[KnowledgeArea]項目人力資源管理ProjectInitiation項目啟動ProjectIntegrationManagement[KnowledgeArea]項目整體管理ProjectLifeCycle項目生命周期ProjectManagement(PM)項目管理ProjectManagementBodyofKnowledge(PMBOK?)項目管理知識體系ProjectManagementInformationSystem(PMIS)[Tool]項目管理信息系統(tǒng)ProjectManagementKnowledgeArea項目管理知識域ProjectManagementOffce(PMO)項目管理辦公室ProjectManagementPlan[Output/Input]項目管理計劃ProjectManagementProcess項目管理過程ProjectManagementProcessGroup項目管理過程組ProjectManagementProfessional(PMP?)項目管理專業(yè)人員ProjectManagementSoftware[Tool]項目管理軟件ProjectManagementSystem[Tool]項目管理系統(tǒng)ProjectManagementTeam項目管理團隊ProjectManager(PM)項目經理ProjectOrganizationChart[Output/Input]項目組織章程ProjectPhase項目階段ProjectProcessGroups項目過程組ProjectProcurementManagement[KnowledgeArea]項目采購管理ProjectQualityManagement[KnowledgeArea]項目質量管理ProjectRiskManagement[KnowledgeArea]項目風險管理ProjectSchedule[Output/Input]項目進度

ProjectScheduleNetworkDiagram[Output/Input]項目進度網絡圖ProjectScope項目范圍ProjectScopeManagement[KnowledgeArea]項目范圍管理ProjectScopeManagementPlan[Output/Input]項目范圍管理計劃ProjectScopeStatement[Output/Input]項目范圍說明書ProjectSponsor項目出資人ProjectStakeholder項目干系人ProjectSummaryWorkBreakdownStructure(PSWBS)[Tool]項目概要工作分解結構ProjectTeam項目團隊ProjectTeamDirectory項目團隊名錄ProjectTeamMembers項目團隊成員ProjectTimeManagement[KnowledgeArea]項目時間管理ProjectWork項目工作ProjectizedOrganization項目型組織QualitativeRiskAnalysis[Process]定性風險分析Quality質量QualityManagementPlan[Output/Input]質量管理計劃QualityPlanning[Process]質量規(guī)劃QuantitativeRiskAnalysis[Process]定量風險分析Regulation規(guī)章Reliability可靠性RemainingDuration(RD)剩余歷時RequestforInformation征集資料/信息RequestforProposal(RFP)方案征集書RequestforQuotation(RFQ)報價請求

RequestSellerResponses[Process]請求賣方回應RequestedChange[Output/Input]已申請的變更Requirement需求Reserve預留ReserveAnalysis[Technique]預留分析ResidualRisk殘余風險Resource資源ResourceBreakdownStructure(RBS)資源分解結構ResourceCalendar資源日歷Resource-ConstrainedSchedule受限于資源的進度ResourceHistogram資源圖ResourceLeveling[Technique]資源平衡Resource-LimitedSchedule資源受限的進度ResourcePlanning資源計劃ResponsibilityAssignmentMatrix(RAM)[Tool]職責分配矩陣Result成果、結果Retainage保證金Rework返工Risk風險RiskAcceptance[Technique]風險接受RiskAvoidance[Technique]風險規(guī)避RiskBreakdownStructure(RBS)[Tool]風險分解結構RiskCategory風險類別RiskDatabase風險數據庫RiskIdentification[Process]風險識別RiskManagementPlan[Output/Input]風險管理計劃

RiskManagementPlanning[Process]風險管理規(guī)劃RiskMitigation[Technique]風險緩解RiskMonitoringandControl[Process]風險監(jiān)督和控制RiskRegister[Output/Input]風險登記表RiskResponsePlanning[Process]風險響應規(guī)劃RiskTransference[Technique]風險轉移Role角色RollingWavePlanning[Technique]滾動式計劃RootCauseAnalysis[Technique]根本原因分析Schedule進度、進度表ScheduleActivity進度活動ScheduleAnalysis進度分析ScheduleCompression[Technique]進度壓縮ScheduleControl[Process]進度控制ScheduleDevelopment[Process]進度制定ScheduleManagementPlan[Output/Input]進度管理計劃ScheduleMilestone進度里程碑ScheduleModel[Tool]進度模型ScheduleNetworkAnalysis[Technique]進度網絡分析SchedulePerformanceIndex(SPI)進度績效指數ScheduleVariance(SV)進度偏差ScheduledFinishDate(SF)計劃結束時間ScheduledStartDate(SS)計劃開始時間Scope范圍ScopeBaseline范圍基線ScopeChange范圍變更

ScopeControl[Process]范圍控制ScopeCreep范圍蔓延ScopeDefinition[Process]范圍定義ScopePlanning[Process]范圍規(guī)劃ScopeVerification[Process]范圍驗證S-CurveS曲線SecondaryRisk二次風險SelectSellers[Process]賣方（供方）選擇Seller賣方、供方SensitivityAnalysis敏感度（靈敏度）分析Service服務Should-CostEstimate理想成本估算Simulation模擬Skill技能Slack松弛量SpecialCause特定原因Specification規(guī)格說明書SpecificationLimits規(guī)格限定Sponsor出資人、出資方StaffingManagementPlan[Process]人員配置管理計劃Stakeholder項目干系人Standard標準StartDate開始時間Start-to-Finish(SF)開始-結束Start-to-Start(SS)開始-開始StatementofWor