廣東省廣州市2023年高三下學期二模英語試題含答案

高三下學期二模英語試題一、閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。Likehumans,animalsneedsleeptoo.Abigproblemforanimalsinthewildiskeepingtheirenemiesawaywhiletheysleep.Animalstakecareofthisproblemindifferentways.Anolislizardsliveinmanyareasincludingtropicalrainforests.Theyoftensleeponleavesattheendoflongbranches.Aleafmightseemlikeastrangebed,butitworkslikeanalarm.Ifahungrysnakewigglesabranch,thelizardwakesupandleapstosafety.Chimpanzeestaketheirsleepveryseriously.Eachday,achimpanzeebuildsitselfanew,comfortablebedtosleepin.Scientistsbelievechimpanzeescarefullychooseatreethatisstrong,wheretheybuildanestusingbranchesandleaves.Parrotfishliveamongcoralreefsinoceans.Everynight,parrotfishusuallysleepclosetotherockinshelteredplaces.Someparrotfishgoonestepfurtherbyquicklymakingaslimelayerthatcoverstheirwholebody.Thiscoveringactslikeasleepingbagthatprovidesabarrieragainstdanger.Bottle-noseddolphinsneedtosleep,buttheyhavetobeontheocean'ssurfacetobreathe.Theyalsoneedtowatchovertheiryoung.Whatdotheydo?Whilehalfofthedolphin'sbrainsleeps,theotherhalfstaysawake.Afterawhile,thesleepinghalfwakesupwhiletheotherhalfsnoozes.Sootyternshavethemostamazingsleep.Theynestonislands.Whentheyarenotnesting,theyliveformanyyearsintheskyandonthesea'ssurface.Whenandwherecantheysleep?Scientistsbelievetheyareabletosleepwhiletheyareflying,stayingoutofthereachofenemies.1．Whatisthesharedconcernwhenwildanimalssleep?A．Quietness. B．Timelength. C．Comfort. D．Safety.2．Whichanimalsneedthemostpreparationbeforesleep?A．Anolislizards. B．Chimpanzees.C．Parrotfish. D．Sootyterns.3．Whatdoweknowaboutthesleepinghabitofbottle-noseddolphins?A．Theysleeponthejob.B．Theydon'tsleepatall.C．Theysleepdeepintheocean.D．Theysleeptheleastofallanimals.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AndrewBastawrouswas12whenhefoundouthecouldbarelysee.Hewasthensociallyawkward,failingatschoolandterribleatballgames.Glassesturnedhislifearound,yetevenasachildhewasawareofhowluckyhewas.BastawrousgrewupintheUK,buthisfamilywouldvisitpoorpartsofEgypt,wherehisparentswerefrom."Nobodythereworeglasses,butIknewsomepeopleneededthem,"hesays."Itfeltincrediblyunfair.At16,IdecidedIwasn'tgoingtofeelguiltyaboutitanymore."Hedeterminedthereandthentobecomeaneyesurgeon,andhedid.In2012,heandhiswifemovedwiththeirone-year-oldsontoasmalltown5hours'drivefromNairobi.Theyhadlimitedelectricityandrunningwater.For18months,everytimeBastawrousandhisteamsetuptheir"mobile"eyeclinicinyetanothernewlocation,theyhadtodragheavy,fragilehospitalequipmentcross-country.Therewasanotherproblem,asonelocaldoctordescribedit,"Wedon'tevenhaveenoughdoctorsandnowyoualsowanteyesurgeons?That'sprobablyapipedream."AllthisconvincedBastawrousthatsomethingfundamentalwasneeded.Sohestartedexploringwaystoreplacehisclinicwithasingle,convenientdevice:asmartphone.Heco-developedanapp-basedvisualtestthatgathersasmuchinformationastheclassicone,usingsimilarprinciples.Thecriticaldifferenceisthatalmostanyonecancarryitoutafterjustafewminutesoftraining.Bastawrousco-foundedacharitablecompanytodevelopandapplythetechnologymorewidely.Histeamalsodevelopedtechnologiesthatenabledasmartphonecameratotakehospital-gradeimagesofthebackoftheeye.That'saprettygoodstart,butBastawroushashissightssetskyhigh."Ifeelwe'reatatippingpointnowwherethisenormousproblemwillbecomeahistoricalthing.That'swhenI'llsleepeasy,"hesays.4．WhatdroveBastawroustobecomeaneyesurgeon?A．Hispersonalmisfortune.B．Hisburningsenseofinjustice.C．Hisambitiontoturnhislifearound.D．Hisguiltaboutleavinghishomecountry.5．WhatcanweinferaboutBastawrous'sfirst18monthsinAfrica?A．It'shardandproblematic. B．It'schallengingbutfruitful.C．It'sadventurousandunrealistic. D．It'sfundamentalbutinnovative.6．Bastawrous'sinnovationcanbedescribedas.A．cheapandconvenienttreatmentsforpatientsB．a(chǎn)virtualandcompletechangefromaclassictestC．a(chǎn)smartandpopularisedapplicationoftechnologyD．fastandeffectivetrainingsofmedicalprofessionals7．WhatdoBastawrous'swordsinthelastparagraphshow?A．Hismodestattitudetohispastachievements.B．Hisoptimisticviewsonthecureforblindness.C．Hisstrongbeliefintheeffectsoffuturetechnology.D．Hisfirmdeterminationtocarryonhischallengingcareer.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。Feelingoverloadedbyyourto-dolistcancertainlymakeyouunhappy,butnewresearchsuggeststhatmorefreetimemightnotbetheelixirmanyofusdreamitcouldbe.Inanewstudyreleasedlastweek,researchersanalyzeddatafromtwolarge-scale(大規(guī)模)surveysabouthowAmericansspendtheirtime.Together,thesurveysincludedmorethan35,000respondents.Theresearchersfoundthatpeoplewithmorefreetimegenerallyhadhigherlevelsofsubjectivewell-being—butonlyuptoapoint.Peoplewhohadaroundtwohoursoffreetimeadaygenerallyreportedtheyfeltbetterthanthosewhohadlesstime.Butpeoplewhohadfiveormorehoursoffreetimeadaygenerallysaidtheyfeltworse.Soultimatelythefree-time"sweetspot"mightbetwotothreehoursperday,thefindingssuggest.Partoffindingthisseeminglytricky"sweetspot"hastodowithhowpeoplespendtheextratimetheyhave,theresearchersbehindthenewstudyargue.Theyconductedseveralsmalleronlineexperiments.Inonetheyaskedparticipantstoimaginehaving3.5to7freehoursperday.Theywereaskedtoimaginespendingthattimedoing"productive"things(likeexercising)ortoimaginedoing"unproductive"activities(likewatchingTV).Studyparticipantsbelievedtheirwell-beingwouldsufferiftheyhadalotoffreetimeduringtheday—butonlyiftheyuseditunproductively.Thoughthatexperimentwashypothetical,whichisonelimitationofthenewresearch,it'scertainlyinlinewithotherresearchshowingthatbeinginastateof"flow"canbegoodforpeople'smentalhealth.Ofcourse,whatfeels"productive"isuptoyou.Manytraditionallyproductiveorpurposefulactivitiescanbeeasyandfun.Engaginginabitoflow-keycardio,likewalkingandjogging,canhelpburnstress.Free-timeactivitieslikereadingorcookingarealsoknowntoputpeopleinastateofflow.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"elixir"inparagraph1referto?A．Magicsolution. B．Physicalpower.C．Psychologicaltest. D．Relaxedatmosphere.9．Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutthenewstudy?A．Bydoinglarge-scaleonlinesurveys.B．Bygivinginterviewsandmentaltests.C．Bycomparingrespondents'backgrounds.D．Byconductingexperimentsandanalyzingdata.10．Whatisadistinctfindingofthenewresearch?A．Doingunproductivethingsleadstounhappiness.B．Beinginastateofflowbenefitspeople'smentalhealth.C．Man'swell-beingispositivelyrelatedtothefreetimetheyhave.D．Howpeoplespendtheirfreetimeaffectstheirsenseofwell-being.11．Whatisthefocusofthelastparagraph?A．Theimportanceofburningstress.B．Easyandfunactivitiestokilltime.C．Furtherexplanationofbeingproductive.D．Thebenefitsofengaginginfree-timeactivities.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。Evenwhencommuningwithnaturewedependontechnologyforhelp—butthen,sodidThoreau(梭羅)atWaldenPond(瓦爾登湖).Walkinginthesamewoodsyesterday,Iletmyselfwanderatrandom,communingwithnature.Itookinbeautifulscenerynearandfarthankstomyprogressive-lenseyeglasses.OccasionallyI'dpulloutmysmartphonetotakepicturesonanythinginteresting.Irecordedaninnermonologuewithabackgroundofallsoundsoftheforest.Attimes,Iconsultedmysmartwatchtocheckonmyheartbeat,mileageandcalorieburn.EventuallyIrealizedIwasquitelost.Notaproblemofcourse.Onlinemapscametomyrescue.Butsomethingbotheredme.InwhatI'dintendedasanatureexperience,hereIwasusingveryhightechnologytohelpmyselfout.Thisinsighttriggeredareconsiderationofeverythingthathappenedduringmy"naturewalk,"whichhadbeentechnologicallyenhancedeverystepoftheway.I'dbeenfunctioningasaman-machinecombination:acyborg.WhatwouldthetruenaturalistThoreauthinkofthat?Myfirstthoughtwasthathe'dbeshocked.ButlaterIdidsomeresearch.Thoreauenjoyedwhathisspyglassdiscovered,likethiseaglefromhisjournal:Lyingonthegroundwithmyglass,Icouldwatchhimveryeasily…tillIalmostlosthimintheclouds…IthinkIhavegottheworthofmyglassnowthatithasrevealedtomethewhite-headedeagle.Famously,Thoreaualwayssetoutequippedwithawalkingstick,whichheusednotonlyforsupportbutalsototakemeasurementsofwaterandsnowlevels.Hishatwasalsoatool,whichhecalledhis"botany-box."Andhewaspreparedevenwithneedlesandthread,sowhencomingoutofthewoods,hewas"thebestdressed."Clearly,Thoreauwasabitofacyborghimself.Thinkingmoredeeply,Irealizedwe'vecomealongwayfromourhunter-gathererancestors,whowalkedfromnecessityandreliedonnature'sgift.Cyborgsareus.12．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．TorecommendThoreau'sbookWaldenPond.B．Toarguethathumanshavedevelopedintocyborgs.C．Tosharethereflectionsonman'srelianceonnature.D．Toquestionwhetherpeoplearetechnology-dependent.13．Whichpicturebestillustratesacyborgintheauthor'seye?A． B．C． D．14．WhydoestheauthorquoteThoreau'sjournal?A．Tointroducealiteraryworkonnature.B．Toexplainhowtoprepareforanaturewalk.C．Toprovethatevennaturalistsusetechnology.D．TodescribethenaturalbeautyThoreauenjoyed.15．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsbeingacyborg?A．Favorable. B．Intolerant. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.二、任務(wù)型閱讀（共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Wantarelaxingbutfunchallengeathome?16．Puzzleshavebeenaroundformorethan250yearsandthechallengeofworkingoutwhereeachpiecegoesandcarefullyrecreatingthesceneontheboxlidcankeepyoubusyforhours,daysorevenweeks.Puzzlescomeinahugerangeofsizesanddifficultylevels.Forbeginners,a100-piecepuzzleisusuallyagoodstartingpoint.17．Trygroupingpieceswiththesamecoloursordesignbecausetheywillprobablygointhesameareaoncethepuzzletakesshape.18．Thosepiecesareeasiertofindbecausetheyhaveastraightside.Staypatientasyousearchthroughandtrytomakeitfittogether.Youmaynotfindanyconnectingpiecesforagesbutthenseveralmaysuddenlyappear.Forarealtest,puzzlesthathave1,000piecesormoreareatoughtaskandit'sbesttocompletethemwithfriendsorfamilyifyoucan.Choosingascenethatinterestsyou,suchasafavouritefilm,sportorlocation,canhelpkeepyouinterestedanddeterminedtoworktothefinalpiece.Youcangetfuneducationalpuzzles,too.19．Someofthebestplacestopickuppuzzlesarecharityshops.They'reoftenonsaleforlessthan€5.Onceyouhavecompletedapuzzleit'snicetoexchangeitwithafriend.20．Youjustuploadanimage,suchasafamilyscene,andtheywillmakeapuzzlefromitandpostittoyou.Itmakeslovelyandunusualpresent.A.Sootherscanhaveago.B.Youcan'tbeatagoodpuzzle.C.Somecompaniesmakepersonalisedpuzzles.D.However,agoodstartdoesn'talwaysleadtoagoodresult.E.Mostpeopleliketostartbygettingthefouredgesofapuzzlelaidout.F.Itcangetyouusedtosortingouthowtheshapes,patternsandcoloursgotogether.G.Forexample,youmaytryamapoftheworld,historicaltimelinesortheperiodictable.三、語言運用（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Dadisabusymechanic.EverySaturdayheputsonhisapronandproducesdeliciousbread.Ithinkhebakesto21．.I'vebeenfeelingstressedoutmyselfasIfoundoutIdidn't22．fortheswimteam.NowI'llhavetowaitawholeyeartotryoutagain.IthinkDadknewhowI23．,sothisSaturdayheinvitedmetohelphimbake.Dadfirstgotouteverythingneeded,andthentoldmeto24．theingredients(配料)withaspoon.Afterthatheshowedmehowtokneadthedough(揉面團).Ittookonlytenminutesbuta(n)25．a(chǎn)mountofenergytocomplete.Nextcamethe26．part—doingnothing.Wewaitedforthedoughtoslowly27．,thenpunched(捶打)itdownandwaitedforittoriseagain.Dadsaidthewaitingisalwaysthehardestpartasyouhaveto28．thethoughtofputtingthedough29．intotheoven.Whilewewaited,wesatandtalked.30．islikethedoughthatrisesandfillsaroomwithemptiness31．youpunchitdownwithwords.Itfeltgoodtolistenandshareour32．.Astheflourdustquietly33．,timeseemedtoslowdown.Thedoughwouldriseatitsown34．.Wecoulddonothingtomakeitrisefaster.Ilearnedhowtobake,andIalsolearnedto35．theslowlytickingrhythmoftime,torelaxandletthebreadrise.21．A．forget B．exercise C．learn D．relax22．A．care B．qualify C．plan D．vote23．A．failed B．felt C．performed D．tried24．A．cook B．shake C．taste D．mix25．A．surprising B．increasing C．extra D．limited26．A．best B．last C．mostdifficult D．mostrewarding27．A．swellup B．turnup C．standout D．comeout28．A．a(chǎn)ccept B．consider C．repeat D．resist29．A．carefully B．completely C．directly D．quickly30．A．Embarrassment B．Hunger C．Silence D．Stress31．A．unless B．though C．evenif D．solongas32．A．recipes B．duties C．snacks D．thoughts33．A．froze B．settled C．gathered D．developed34．A．cost B．convenience C．pace D．will35．A．a(chǎn)ppreciate B．control C．ignore D．suffer四、任務(wù)型閱讀（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Somepeoplelovetoreadbooks.Theycan'tgetenoughofthe36．(print)word.Othershaveabigappetiteformakingandeatingfood.Well,ifyouarebothan37．(enthusiasm)readerandeater,youmaywanttotakepartinanediblebookfestival,38．youcanhaveyourbookandeatit,too!Insuchfestivals,peoplecreateprojectsandpresent39．tojudges.Therearetworules:theprojectmustbemadeoffood,anditmustbebased40．a(chǎn)book.Forexample,someonemightmakethechocolatefactoryfromCharlieandtheChocolateFactorywithchocolatebars.Sometimes,judgesawardprizesforthebestprojectslike"BestPun."Apunisafunnyplayonwordsthatsoundsimilarbuthavedifferent41．(meaning),liketaleandtail.Apossible42．(win)for"BestPun"mightshowPeterRabbit,thecharacterfromTheTaleofPeterRabbit,withatailmadeofmarshmallowfluff(棉花糖).43．(make)apun,theprojectcouldbecalled"TheTailofPeterRabbit",44．titlepunnyenoughtomakethejudgeslaugh!Giventhefunandoftensillynature,it'snotsurprisingthatmanyofthesefestivals45．(hold)onAprilFool'sDay!五、寫作（滿分15分）46．假定你是李明。你的外國朋友David最近選修了中文課程。他來信向你咨詢學好中文的方法。請你寫一封回信，內(nèi)容包括：1）提出建議；2）表達祝愿。注意：3）寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；DearDavid,Yours,LiMing六、書面表達（滿分25分）47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Twentyyearsago,Idroveataxi.Once,Iwascalledat3a.m.topicksomeoneup.WhenIarrived,thebuildingwascompletelydarkexceptforonelightinawindow.Often,manydriverswouldjusthonk(按喇叭)onceortwice,waitashortminute,thendriveaway.Butunlessarealdanger,Ialwayswenttothedoortofindthepassenger.Itmightbesomeonewhoneededmyassistance.WouldInotwantadrivertodothesameifmymotherorfatherhadcalledforataxi?SoIwalkedtothedoorandknocked."Justaminute,"answeredaweakandelderlyvoice.Icouldhearthesoundofsomethingbeingdraggedacrossthefloor.Afteralongpause,thedooropened.Asmallwomaninher80sstoodbeforeme.Byhersidewasasmallsuitcase."Wouldyoucarrymybagouttothecar?"shesaid."I'dlikeafewmomentsalone.Then,ifyoucouldcomebackandhelpme?I'mnotverystrong."Itookthesuitcasetothecab,thenreturnedtoassistthewoman.Shetookmyarm,andwewalkedslowlytowardthecab.Shekeptthankingmeformykindness."It'snothing,"Itoldher."IjusttrytotreatmypassengersthewayIwouldwantmymothertreated.""Oh,you'resuchagoodboy,"shesaid.Whenwegotinthetaxi,shegavemeanaddress.Thensheasked,"Couldyoudrivethroughthedowntown?""It'snottheshortestway,"Ianswered."Idon'tmind,"shesaid,"I'minnohurry.I'monmywaytothenursinghome."Isawhereyesshiningwithtears."Idon'thaveanyfamilyleft,"shecontinued."ThedoctorsaysIamtoooldtolivealone."Iquietlyturnedoffthemeter(計程器)."Whatroaddoyouwantmetotake?"Iasked."First,takemetoSunriseStreet.That'swhereIwasborn."注意：1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；Forhours,wedrovethroughthecity."HowmuchdoIoweyou?"sheasked,reachingforherpurse.

1．D2．B3．A4．B5．A6．C7．D8．A9．D10．D11．C12．B13．C14．C15．A16．B；17．F；18．E；19．G；20．C21．D；22．B；23．B；24．D；25．A；26．C；27．A；28．D；29．C；30．C；31．A；32．D；33．B；34．C；35．A36．printed；37．enthusiastic；38．where；39．them；40．on；41．meanings；42．winner；43．Tomake；44．a(chǎn)；45．a(chǎn)reheld46．(1)DearDavid,I'mthrilledtoknowyou'relearningChinese!It'snormaltofeelabitanxiousatfirst,butitwillsoonpass.Herearesomesuggestions.First,readaloudlittlepoems.Chineseisabeautifullanguage,andI'msureyou'llenjoyitsrhymeandrhythm.Second,trytocommunicateoften.YoumayfindaChinesefriendwithsimilarinterests.Thatway,youwillfeelmorerelaxedandcomfortable.Last,usewebsitesofChinesemedia,ChinaDailyorCGTN,forexample,whereyou'llfindsufficientqualitylearningresources.Byimmergingyourselfinit,you'llsoonhaveadeeperinsightandeventuallybeeagertolearnmore.TheGreatWallwasnotbuiltinoneday.I'msureyourconstanteffortswillberewarded.Goforit,David!Yours,LiMing(2)DearDavid,I'mdelightedtolearnthatyou'vestartedlearningChinese!TohelpyouhaveabettercommandofChinese,I'mwritingtosharewithyousomepracticalsuggestions,justforyourreference.Withproperguidanceandenoughpractice,you'reboundtolearnChinesewell.Tobeginwith,itisadvisablethatyouregularlywatchsomeChineselearningprogrammes,whichwillexposeyoutoanauthenticlearningatmosphereandwillhelpyoudevelopabetterunderstandingofChineseculture.Secondly,you'dbettermakesomeChinesefriendsandcommunicatewiththemasmuchaspossible.Withfrequentcommunicationinreallife,you'lleventuallyimproveyouroralChineseandfeelmoreconfident.Hopefullymytipsabovecanbeofsomehelp.Wishyoueverysuccess.Yours,LiMing47．(1)Forhours,wedrovethroughthecity.Nowandthen,theoldwomanwouldaskmetoslowdownorpullup.Aftertheshortstopatherprimaryschool,sheshowedmethebuildingwhereshehadonceworkedasanengineer.Thenwedrovethroughtheneighborhoodwheresheandherhusbandhadlivedwhentheyhadfirstbeenmarried.Shehadmepullupinfrontofafurniturewarehousethathadoncebeenapark,whereshehadspentthebesttimewithherdaughter.Sometimesshewouldhavemeslowdowninfrontofap