現(xiàn)代大學(xué)英語精讀2unit1

現(xiàn)代大學(xué)英語精讀第二冊LessonOnePre-classWorkReadthetextathirdtime.Learnthenewwordsandexpressionslistedbelow.Gpletelyandsuccessfully;achievementacquirev.togain;togetforoneselfbyone'sownworkarrogantlyadv.behavinginaproudandself-importantwayaspirinn.阿司匹林（解熱鎮(zhèn)痛藥）assumev.totakeasafact;tosupposeavailableadj.abletobeusedoreasilyfoundbachelorn.～'sdegree:thefirstuniversitydegreebeanpolen.(infml)averytallandthinpersonbulln.amalecowcertifyv.tostatethatsth.istrueorcorrect,catedandrefined;havinganadvancedcultureclientn.apersonwhopaysforhelporadvicefromapersonororganizationcontinuityn.thestateofbeingcontinuouscyaniden.氰化物democraticadj.basedontheideathateveryoneshouldhaveequalrightsandshouldbeinvolvedinmakingimportantdecisions民主的disastern.asuddeneventsuchasaflood,storm,oraccidentwhichcausesgreatdamageorsuffering.Here:acompletefailuredrugstoren.(AmE)ashopwhichsellsmedicine(andavarietyofotherthings)enrollv.toofficiallyarrangetojoinaschooloruniversityexpertisen.skillinaparticularfieldexposev.toenablesb.toseeorexperiencenewthingsorlearnaboutnewbeliefs,ideas,etc.facultyn.(AmE)alltheteachersofauniversityorcollegefragmentn.asmallpieceofsth.generatev.toproducegrindv.tocrushintosmallpiecesorpowderbypressingbetweenhardsurfaceshipn.thefleshypartofeithersideofthehumanbodyabovethelegshumanityn.thequalitiesofbeinghumanimplicitlyadv.inanimpliedway含蓄地hebasicmeaningofawordmaintainv.tocontinuetohaveasbeforeNeanderthaln.anearlytypeofhumanbeingwholivedinEuropeduringtheStoneAgeneverthelessadv.inspiteofthat;yetpeculiaradj.belongingonlytoaparticularperson;special;oddpenetratingadj.showingtheabilitytounderstandthingsclearlyanddeeplypestn.(infml)anannoyingpersonpharmacyn.ashopwheremedicinesarepreparedandsold.Here:thestudyofpreparingdrugsormedicinesphilosophyn.thestudyofthenatureandmeaningofexistence,reality,etc.哲學(xué)pilln.asmallsolidpieceofmedicinethatyouswallowwholepresidev.tolead;tobeinchargeprofessionaladj.relatingtotheworkthatapersondoesforanoccupation,esp.workthatrequiresspecialtrainingpursuitn.theactoftryingtoachievesth.inadeterminedwaypush-buttonadj.usingcomputersorelectronicequipmentratherthantraditionalmethodsqualifiedadj.havingsuitableknowledgeorexperienceforaparticularjobrearv.tocareforapersonorananimaluntiltheyarefullygrownresourcesn.possessionsintheformofwealth,property,skills,etc.thatyouhave資源savagen.anuncivilizedhumanbeingscrolln.Here:acertificateofanacademicdegreesemestern.oneofthetwoperiodsintowhichtheyearisdividedinAmericanhighschoolsanduniversities(=terminBrE)sensitiveadj.abletounderstandorappreciateart,musicorliteratureshudderv.toshakeuncontrollablyforamomentspecializev.tolimitallormostofone'sstudytoparticularsubjects專修speciesn.(infml)atype;asortspecimenn.Here:apersonwhoisunusualinsomewayandhasaqualityofaparticularkindspiritualadj.relatedtoyourspiritratherthantoyourbodyormindstorev.tokeepsufficev.tobeenoughProperNamesAristotle亞里士多德Bach巴赫Chaucer喬叟Dante但丁Einstein愛因斯坦Hamlet哈姆雷特Homer荷馬LaRochefoucauld拉羅什富科Shakespeare莎士比亞Virgil維吉爾TextAAnotherSchoolYear—WhatFor?JohnCiardiReadthetextonceforthemainidea.Donotrefertothenotes,dictionariesortheglossaryyet.Letmetellyouoneoftheearliestdisastersinmycareerasateacher.ItwasJanuaryof1940andIwasfreshoutofgraduateschoolstartingmyfirstsemesterattheUniversityofKansasCity.Partofthestudentbodywasabeanpolewithhairontopwhocameintomyclass,satdown,foldedhisarms,andlookedatmeasiftosay"Allright,teachmesomething."TwoweekslaterwestartedHamlet.Threeweekslaterhecameintomyofficewithhishandsonhiships."Look,"hesaid,"Icameheretobeapharmacist.WhydoIhavetoreadthisstuff?"Andnothavingabookofhisowntopointto,hepointedtominewhichwaslyingonthedesk.NewasIwastothefaculty,Icouldhavetoldthisspecimenanumberofthings.Icouldhavepointedoutthathehadenrolled,notinadrugstore-mechanicsschool,butinacollegeandthatattheendofhiscoursemeanttoreachforascrollthatreadBachelorofScience.Itwouldnotread:QualifiedPill-GrindingTechnician.Itwouldcertifythathehadspecializedinpharmacy,butitwouldfurthercertifythathehadbeenexposedtosomeoftheideasmankindhasgeneratedwithinitshistory.Thatistosay,hehadnotenteredatechnicaltrainingschoolbutauniversityandinuniversitiesstudentsenrollforbothtrainingandeducation.Icouldhavetoldhimallthis,butitwasfairlyobvioushewasn'tgoingtobearoundlongenoughforittomatter.Nevertheless,IwasyoungandIhadahighsenseofdutyandItriedtoputitthisway:"Fortherestofyourlife,"Isaid,"yourdaysaregoingtoaverageouttoabouttwenty-fourhours.Theywillbealittleshorterwhenyouareinlove,andalittlelongerwhenyouareoutoflove,buttheaveragewilltendtohold.Foreightofthesehours,moreorless,youwillbeasleep.""Thenforabouteighthoursofeachworkingdayyouwill,Ihope,beusefullyemployed.Assumeyouhavegonethroughpharmacyschool—orengineering,orlawschool,orwhatever—duringthoseeighthoursyouwillbeusingyourprofessionalskills.Youwillseetoitthatthecyanidestaysoutoftheaspirin,thatthebulldoesn'tjumpthefence,orthatyourclientdoesn'tgototheelectricchairasaresultofyourincompetence.Theseareallusefulpursuits.Theyinvolveskillseverymanmustrespect,andtheycanallbringyoubasicsatisfactions.Alongwitheverythingelse,theywillprobablybewhatputsfoodonyourtable,supportsyourwife,andrearsyourchildren.Theywillbeyourincome,andmayitalwayssuffice.""Buthavingfinishedtheday'swork,whatdoyoudowiththoseothereighthours?Let'ssayyougohometoyourfamily.Whatsortoffamilyareyouraising?Willthechildreneverbeexposedtoareasonablypenetratingideaathome?Willyoubepresidingoverafamilythatmaintainssomecontactwiththegreatdemocraticintellect?Willtherebeabookinthehouse?Willtherebeapaintingareasonablysensitivemancanlookatwithoutshuddering?WillthekidsevergettohearBach?"ThatisaboutwhatIsaid,butthisparticularpestwasnotinterested."Look,"hesaid,"youprofessorsraiseyourkidsyourway;I'lltakecareofmyown.Me,I'mouttomakemoney.""Ihopeyoumakealotofit,"Itoldhim,"becauseyou'regoingtobebadlystuckforsomethingtodowhenyou'renotsigningchecks."FourteenyearslaterIamstillteaching,andIamheretotellyouthatthebusinessofthecollegeisnotonlytotrainyou,buttoputyouintouchwithwhatthebesthumanmindshavethought.IfyouhavenotimeforShakespeare,forabasiclookatphilosophy,forthecontinuityofthefinearts,forthatlessonofman'sdevelopmentwecallhistory—thenyouhavenobusinessbeingincollege.Youareonyourwaytobeingthatnewspeciesofmechanizedsavage,thepush-buttonNeanderthal.Ourcollegesinevitablygraduateanumberofsuchlifeforms,butitcannotbesaidthattheywenttocollege;ratherthecollegewentthroughthem—withoutmakingcontact.Noonegetstobeahumanbeingunaided.Thereisnottimeenoughinasinglelifetimetoinventforoneselfeverythingoneneedstoknowinordertobeacivilizedhuman.Assume,forexample,thatyouwanttobeaphysicist.Youpassthegreatstonehallsof,say,M.I.T.,andtherecutintothestonearethenamesofthescientists.Thechancesarethatfew,ifany,ofyouwillleaveyournamestobecutintothosestones.Yetanyofyouwhomanagedtostayawakethroughpartofahighschoolcourseinphysics,knowsmoreaboutphysicsthandidmanyofthosegreatscholarsofthepast.Youknowmorebecausetheyleftyouwhattheyknew,becauseyoucanstartfromwhatthepastlearnedforyou.Andasthisistrueofthetechniquesofmankind,soitistrueofmankind'sspiritualresources.Mostoftheseresources,bothtechnicalandspiritual,arestoredinbooks.Booksareman'speculiaraccomplishment.Whenyouhavereadabook,youhaveaddedtoyourhumanexperience.ReadHomerandyourmindincludesapieceofHomer'smind.ThroughbooksyoucanacquireatleastfragmentsofthemindandexperienceofVirgil,Dante,Shakespeare—thelistisendless.Foragreatbookisnecessarilyagift;itoffersyoualifeyouhavenotthetimetoliveyourself,andittakesyouintoaworldyouhavenotthetimetotravelinliteraltime.Acivilizedmindis,inessence,onethatcontainsmanysuchlivesandmanysuchworlds.Ifyouare