英語(yǔ)科技文選ppt課件市公開(kāi)課金獎(jiǎng)市賽課一等獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

英語(yǔ)科技文選

串講主講人:張之俊第1頁(yè)第1頁(yè)參考教材：

李碧嘉主編：《英語(yǔ)科技文選》梁惠茹：《英語(yǔ)科技文選一考通》串講方式：I.Affix（涉及考試第一題）II.KeyWordsandPhrases（涉及考試第二和第三題）III.Translation

（涉及翻譯）

第2頁(yè)第2頁(yè)

Unit1I.Affixunknowableknowableirrelevantrelevantactinteractunpredictablepredictableinstinctinstinctivelydelusiondelusiveexcelexcellentaccelerateacceleratorgamblegamblersightinsightregularirregular第3頁(yè)第3頁(yè)

conceptionmisconceptionaccessaccessiblecirculatecirculationcounselcounsellortressdistressdowndowncastimportimportationmythmythicalobserveobservatoryfoundprofoundsurrectresurrect

第4頁(yè)第4頁(yè)II.keywordsandphrases（PartA）1.That

bias

canleadto

misconceptionsabouttheworldaroundus.2.Theknownispressedonusfromthefirst.3.Thefrontiersofknowledge,whereitbordersontheunknown,seemsfarawayandirrelevant,separatedfromusbyanapparentlyendlessexpanseoftheknown.4.Wedonotseethatwemaybeproceedingdownanarrowpathofknowledgeandthatifwelookslightlyleftorrightwewillbestaringdirectlyattheunknown.5.Evenwhenwearerightontheedgeoftheunknown,wemaynotbeaware

of

it.6.…theeventssovividlydescribedareallbasedonthewritings…7.…itisunknownandinallprobabilitycanneverbeknown.第5頁(yè)第5頁(yè)8.Butwedidnotthinkofhisaccountsas

fragmentsofknowledgeontheedgeoftheunknown…9.Beyondthecurrentlyunknownarethethingsthatare

inherentlyunknowable.10.Fewunknowables

areconsciouslyrecognizedassuch.11.…webumpintophenomenathatmaywellbeunknowable…12.Brokers

makealivinganticipatingthefluctuationsofstockprices.13.Presidentsrunforofficebasedonclaimsofwhattheywilldo…14.Nordopeopletrytopredicttheautomobileaccidentstheywillbeinvolved

in.15.Therollofabowlingballdownanalley,forinstance,iseasiertopredictthanthemotionofanirregularstonetumblingdownaroughhillside.16.Itisincreatingtheartificialandcontrollablethatscienceexcels.17.…repletewithhugebridges,trucks,airplanes…第6頁(yè)第6頁(yè)18.Largepiecesofsoftware,astheyareexpandedandamended,candevelopadegreeofcomplexityreminiscentofnaturalobjects…19.Andsecond,embedded

withinourincreasinglyartificialworldwillbelargenumbersofcomplexandthoroughlyidiosyncratichumans.PartB

1.auniquesynthesisof2.reston/upon3.tobeignorantof4.tobeincreasinglydazzledby5.aperiodofamnesia6.awestruck7.theimportationfrom8.tostayonhorseback第7頁(yè)第7頁(yè)9.indistress10.bring…toanend11.tobeshatteredby12.take…forgranted13.tofeelinferiorordowncast14.farapart15.tobeinextricablefused16.losesightof17.abiochemistofconsiderabledistinction18.befriendsomeChinesestudents19.passontoherhisunusuallyprofoundknowledgeofthehistoryofChinesescience.第8頁(yè)第8頁(yè)20.tobeobsessedwith21.setaboutlearningthelanguage22.withreferenceto23.bynomeans24.haveawidebearingonthegeneralhistoryofthoughtandideas25.embarkon26.cannotafford27.losehisearlyvisionof28.makehisworkmoreaccessibleineverypossibleway29.accomplishhimself30.tobefullyoccupied31.tobeassociatedwithhim第9頁(yè)第9頁(yè)IIITranslationIndistinguishingtheknownortheunknownfromtheunknowable,thelevelofdetailcanbedecisive.Thelevelofdetailiswhatseparatesthedelusionofthegamblerfromthewealthofthecasinoowner.Thegamblerattemptstopredicttheindividualandunpredictablespinsoftheroulettewheel;theownerconcernshimselfwiththequitepredictableaverageoutcome.（在把已知、未知及不可知三者區(qū)別開(kāi)時(shí)候，細(xì)節(jié)程度起著決定性作用。細(xì)節(jié)程度就是將賭博者錯(cuò)覺(jué)同賭場(chǎng)主任財(cái)富分離開(kāi)，賭博者企圖預(yù)測(cè)個(gè)人和不可預(yù)測(cè)輪盤(pán)賭回旋轉(zhuǎn)，而賭場(chǎng)主人則關(guān)懷可預(yù)測(cè)通常結(jié)果。）第10頁(yè)第10頁(yè)Unit2I.Affixdistortiondistortmetricnonmetricquantitativenonquantitativeimplausibleplausibleintuitiveintuitionfictitiousfictiondeformdeformedpermanenceimpermanencevariantinvariantcelebratecelebratedcustomcustomary第11頁(yè)第11頁(yè)empiricalempiricismsufficientsufficeoveroverlappingproposepropositiontheorytheoremtransformtransformationcontinuecontinuitydifferentdifferentialformulateformulationsectintersectmeterperimeter第12頁(yè)第12頁(yè)polygonpolygonalcircularsemicircularinscribeinscriptionapproximateapproximationcomputecomputerlengthylengthrefinerefinementextendextension第13頁(yè)第13頁(yè)II.KeyWordsandPhrases（PartA）1.Itdealswithfundamentalgeometricpropertiesthatareunaffected…2.Itspropositionshold

aswellforobjectsmadeofrubberasfortherigidfiguresencounteredinmetricgeometry3.…itdelvesintostrangeimplausibleshapes…4.Aworldmadeupentirelyoferraticelectricalgyrationsincurvedspacerequiresabizarremathematicstodoitjustice.5.Inordinarygeometrymetricpropertiesaresaidtobeinvariantunderthetransformationofmotion.6.…mypenretainsitsdimensionsasitmovesoverthepaper,thisbookneithershrinksnorexpandsasthereaderturnsitspapers.7.Ifatriangleisstretchedintoacircle,whichofitsgeometricpropertiesareretained?8.Theoriginsoftopologygobacktomajordiscoveries…第14頁(yè)第14頁(yè)9.…Vstandsforvertices,Eforedges,Fforfaces.10.Itiseasytoseethatnosmallernumberofcolorswillsufficeforallcases.PartB1.dueinlargepartto…2.portionalto6.moreorless7.revolvearound8.nexttoimpossible9tobetransformedinto10.tobecarriedout第15頁(yè)第15頁(yè)III.TranslationTypologyseemsaqueersubject;itdelvesintostrangeimplausibleshapes

anditspropositionsareeitherchildishlyobvious（thatis,untilyoutrytoprovethem）orsodifficultandabstractthatnotevenatopologistcanexplaintheirintuitivemeaning.Buttopologyisnoqueererthanthephysicalworldaswenowinterpretit.（拓?fù)鋵W(xué)表面看來(lái)是一門(mén)奇特學(xué)問(wèn)；它探求都是難以些奇怪難以置信圖形，它定理要么是明顯地帶股孩子氣（除非你想證實(shí)它），要么非常困難和抽象，即使一個(gè)拓?fù)鋵W(xué)家也不也許憑知覺(jué)解釋清它們意義。）第16頁(yè)第16頁(yè)Unit3I.Affixeludeelusiveallotallotmentmanipulatemanipulationrecurrecurrenceinhereinherentambiguityambiguousirreversibilityreversibilitychronologychronologicalvisitvisitationmarkremarkableoptoption第17頁(yè)第17頁(yè)seasonseasonalhierarchyhierarchicalguaranteeguarantorcyclecyclicalfoldunfoldperiodperiodicalcoherecoherentfichemicrofichephotophotographyholepinholepropelpropellerimposesuperimposecannyuncannywavewavelength第18頁(yè)第18頁(yè)II.Keywordsandphrases（PartA）1.…almostallthephysicalvaluesoftheworldaroundussubmittoourmanipulations.2.Itisimpossibletocutoutasegmentoftimeandcompareitwithanothersegmenttakenfromsomewhereelse.3.…whichwecanmanipulateandwhichrecursinidenticalfashion.4.…thereisanotherproblemwhichstemsfromtheambiguityofwhatisbeingmeasured.5.…notionswhichgiveasenseoftheirreversibilityofthemarchoftime.6.Measuringtimealsoimpliessituatingeventsinrelationtoeachother,inotherwords,datingthem.7.…takesfourminutesshortoftwenty-fourhours.8.ThismovementputtheSunalittlemoreoutofphasewiththestarseachday…第19頁(yè)第19頁(yè)9.Theywereusedtoestablishacalendarbasedonalunarmonth…10.TheEgyptians,whoselifewaslinkedtothefloodingoftheNile,optedforanannualcalendarwithayearofexactly365days.11.Thusthecivil(calendar)yearonlycoincidedwiththesolaryearonceevery1,460years.12.Thisputgreatpowerintothehandsofthereligiousorpoliticalhierarchy…13.Italsomakespossibletheestablishmentofachronologyattributing

toeacheventadateandaprecisepositionintheunfoldingtime第20頁(yè)第20頁(yè)P(yáng)artB1.reachout2.bounceoff3.inphase4.outofstep5.fromallangles6.vantagepoint7.underway8.defect-free第21頁(yè)第21頁(yè)III.TranslationAlmostallcivilizationshavebasedtheircalendarsoneitherthelunarmonthorthesolaryear,despitetheinherentdifficultythattheyearisnotmadeupofanexactnumberoflunarmonths.Eachcivilizationthusinventeditsownmoreorlessfixed,moreorlessarbitrary,systemofadjustment.Thisputgreatpowerintothehandsofthereligiousorpoliticalhierarchywhichtookthisdecision.Althoughtodaytheseadjustmentsarenolongerarbitrary,thevarietyofcalendarsanofculturesthattheyreflectremains.（幾乎全部文明社會(huì)都以月亮月或太陽(yáng)年為基礎(chǔ)來(lái)建立年歷，盡管存在著一年不是由準(zhǔn)確數(shù)目標(biāo)月亮月組成這一固有難題。但每個(gè)文明社會(huì)都創(chuàng)造了自己或多或少固定，或多或少任意性調(diào)整體系，這使宗教或政治集團(tuán)有很大權(quán)利做出決定。即使今天這些調(diào)整不再是武斷，但它們所反應(yīng)年歷和文化不同仍保留下來(lái)。）第22頁(yè)第22頁(yè)Unit4I.Affixresponserespondrestorerestorationatomatomicmoleculemolecularbreathbreatheelucidateelucidationmoleculemacromoleculesubdividesubdivisionorganicinorganictopicsubtopicroutineroutinely第23頁(yè)第23頁(yè)qualityqualitativequantityquantitativedisciplinecross-disciplineplayinterplayproductionproductivestimulatestimulationdentdentalcompassencompassstuffdyestuffflameflammableforcereinforcesocksockettabletableware

第24頁(yè)第24頁(yè)II.KeyWordsandPhrases（PartA）1.Iaskstudentstofilloutaninformationsheet.2.…agreatmanypeoplewhoaren’tchemistshavetobefamiliarwiththefundamentalsofchemistry…3.Chemistryhasbeensubdividedintofourareas.4.Physicalchemistsinvestigatebothorganicaninorganicsubstancesandthechemistsinallareasmakeuseofthetheoriesandtechniques…5.Theworkofchemistscanalsobedescribedaseitherexperimentalortheoretical.6.…thetheoryhastobediscardedandanewproposalputforth.7.…butmoreoftenchemistsspecializeinoneortheotheroftheseareas.8.Noexperimentalchemist,however,canaffordtobeignorantofthetheories…第25頁(yè)第25頁(yè)P(yáng)artB1.heeventof11.giveoff(anytoxicgas)12.rangefrom13.installedwith第26頁(yè)第26頁(yè)III.TranslationChemistryhastraditionallybeensubdividedintofourareas:organic,inorganic,analytical,andphysicalchemistry.Organicchemistryisthestudyofthecompoundsofasingleelement,carbon;inorganicchemistryisthestudyofcompoundsofalltheotherelements.Thesedivisionshaveblurredsomewhatinrecentyearandtheresubtopics,suchasorganometallicchemistry,beinginvestigatedbybothorganicandinorganicchemists.（化學(xué)被老式地分為四個(gè)領(lǐng)域：有機(jī)化學(xué)、無(wú)機(jī)化學(xué)、分析化學(xué)和物理化學(xué)。有機(jī)化學(xué)是研究一個(gè)元素碳化合物科學(xué)。無(wú)機(jī)化學(xué)是研究所有其它元素化合物學(xué)科。這些劃分在近些年來(lái)已變得模糊起來(lái)，并且有些副主題,諸如金屬有機(jī)化合物化學(xué)被有機(jī)和無(wú)機(jī)化學(xué)家們共同研究。）第27頁(yè)第27頁(yè)Unit5I.Affix

persistentpersistconvertconversionpointpinpointneurologyneurologicalabilitydisabilitysensenonsenseactactivationcomparecomparableconceiveconceivabletimetimelessefficientdeficient第28頁(yè)第28頁(yè)

functionfunctionallowerlowercasetangleuntanglecaseuppercasenormalabnormalcertifycertifiedcompanioncompanionshipcovercoveragelistenlistpatientimpatientcurrentintercurrentpersonalinterpersonalweighoutweighpalliatepalliativelongprolong第29頁(yè)第29頁(yè)II.KeyWordsandPhrases（PartA）1.…20percentofAmericanshavepersistenttroubleconvertinglettersonapageintosounds.2.…whysomanyperfectlysmartpeoplehavetroublelearningtoread.3.…h(huán)owsheandherhusbandendedupdiscoveringsexdifferences…4.…theskillthatmostpeoplewithreadingdisabilitiesaredeficientin.5.Inbothsexes,tryingtorecognizerhymesledtoincreasedbloodflow…6.…whichhaslongbeenlinkedtolanguageability.7.…theworkwasjustspreadoutmore.8.…knowsforsurewhatthedifferencetheydetectedmeans.9.Doesitrelateinanywaytotheobservationthatwomenarelesslikelytoloselanguageability…10.Tothefactthatwomentendtodobetteronteststhatmeasureverbalfluency.第30頁(yè)第30頁(yè)11.…it’sworthemphasizing…12.…conceivablyitcouldresultfromdifferencesinupbringing.13.…becausetheyprocesslettersintosoundsonbothsidesofthebrain.PartB1.dedicatedto2.life-prolongingcare3.terminalillnesses4.predominatein5.applicableto6.benefitfrom7.continuinginvolvementwith8.responsiblefor/to第31頁(yè)第31頁(yè)9.inchargeof10.carryout11.accessto12.errandrunning13.terminalcare14.associatedwith15.underlyingillness16.ruleofthumb17.outweighedby第32頁(yè)第32頁(yè)III.Translation

Menandwomenshowedadifferenceinbrainuseonlyontherhymingtask.Inbothsexes,tryingtorecognizerhymesledtoincreasedbloodflowintheinferiorfrontalgyrusofthelefthemisphereBroca’sarea,asit’scommonlycalledwhichhaslongbeenlinkedtolanguageability.（男性和女性在使用大腦方面只有在押韻一項(xiàng)任務(wù)上有所差別。對(duì)于他們兩性來(lái)說(shuō)，辨認(rèn)韻律都會(huì)造成大腦左半球下前回血流加快－－－這就是人們常說(shuō)布洛卡區(qū)－－－人們始終認(rèn)為這個(gè)區(qū)域和語(yǔ)言能力相關(guān)。）第33頁(yè)第33頁(yè)Unit6I.Affixgenegeneticsplanetplanetaryevolveevolutionsightinsightstrikestrikingravelunravelemergeemergencerevolutionrevolutionaryhumanhumanityreproducereproduction第34頁(yè)第34頁(yè)bewilderbewildermentcreditincrediblematchmismatchequalityinequalityprovideprovisioncompatibleincompatiblejustifyjustificationmarklandmarkmentalmentalityspringoffspringconstituteconstitutional第35頁(yè)第35頁(yè)diversifydiversificationbiologyneurobiologyplanttransplantbreathbreathtakingconvergeconvergencecultureculturednutritionmalnutritionbiologymicrobiologycombinantrecombinant第36頁(yè)第36頁(yè)II.KeyWordsandPhrases1.Confrontedwiththeupheavalsduetotheprocessofgenetics…2.Therearestagesinthehistoryofsciencewhenknowledgetakessuchgreat

stepsforwardthatourunderstandingoftheworldiscompletelytransformed.3.…byinfluencingthediversificationofanimalspeciestocaterfortheirownneeds,humanbeingshavealwaysbeeninvolvedingeneticswithoutrealizingit.4.Theseinsightswerelaterborneoutbytheobservations…5.…eventhoughhedidnothaveacleargraspoftheideaofgenesandnevermadeexplicitreferencetothem.6.…geneticsasanindependentscientificdisciplinereallycameintoitsown.7.…h(huán)umanbeingsnowhaveaccesstoknowledgeabouttheirownlifemechanisms…8.…asaresultofgeneticengineering,theycantakestepstoalterthehumangenome.9.…peoplearenowfacedwiththehardfactsabouttheircondition.第37頁(yè)第37頁(yè)10.Theexplanationoflife,andofhumanlifeinparticular,iscapableofbringingaboutapreciselyprogrammedtransformationofhumanbeings.11.Itresultsfromtechniquesthatarealreadybeingused…12.Eventuallyweshallbeableto“humanize”animalsbyinjectingthemwithhumangenesfortransplantationpurposes,sothattheirorganswillbecomecompatiblewiththebodyofthepersonreceivingthetransplant.13.Buttheterriblequestionarisesastowhetherthereisatabooonapplyingtransgenesistothehumanspecies,eventhoughtheremightbeatherapeuticjustificationfordoingso.14.…wecanseecaseofcountriesintheforefrontofresearchwherethereisagrowingmismatchbetweenthewealthofnewpossibilitiesbeingofferedbyscienceandpeople’smentalitiesandwaysoflifeandtheirviewoftheworld.15.…themediapasson

informationaboutscientificdiscoveriestothepublic.16.…theyhadtogothroughaprocessofverification,publicationanddiscussionwithinthescientificcommunity.第38頁(yè)第38頁(yè)17.Particularemphasisshouldbelaidontwoareasofthinking.18.Thefirstisboundupwiththeconcentrationofresearchintheindustrialcountries,whichisgivingrisetoeconomicandsocio-culturalimbalances.19.Sciencedoesnotrelieveusofourresponsibilityasindividualsandmembersofthehumanfamily…PartB1.recently-quoted2.shakenupwith3.givesolutionto4.inshortsupply5.initstruesense6.spellsuccess第39頁(yè)第39頁(yè)7.crosstheinterdisciplinaryboundaries8.keep…inmind9.expose…to10.citenumerousexamples第40頁(yè)第40頁(yè)III.TranslationResearchonthehumangenomehasimplicationsthatarenotexclusivelyscientificormedical.Theyleadontoapplicationswhichaffectallaspectsofpeople’slives,whetheritbeprivatelife（theirchoiceoflife-stylesandconsumptionpatterns;theirperceptionoftheirgenetic“identity”）;familylife（theplanspeoplemakeascouplesorparents;theirrelationswithotherfamilymembers）;orlifeasmembersofsociety（healthprotectionandaccesstomedicalcare;theavailabilityofjobsorstateorprivatehealthinsurance;provisionforchildren’seducation,andsoon.）.研究人類染色體組不但僅在科學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)方面故意義，它們應(yīng)用能夠影響到人類生活方方面面。無(wú)論是個(gè)人生活（生活方式及消費(fèi)方式選擇；他們對(duì)遺傳特性感知）；家庭生活（人們結(jié)婚及生育計(jì)劃；他們與其它家庭組員關(guān)系）；社會(huì)生活（健康保障和醫(yī)療保??；工作言論及個(gè)人健康保險(xiǎn)也許；孩子受教育權(quán)利等等。）第41頁(yè)第41頁(yè)Unit7I.Affixsophisticatedsophisticationproduceproductivityaffordaffordablenourishmalnourishjeopardyjeopardizesustainsustainablediscriminateindiscriminateavailableunavailablehardhardytilltillageerodeerosion第42頁(yè)第42頁(yè)breedcrossbreedengineeringbioengineeringmassamassfoodfoodstuffrunnerforerunnerpestpesticiderequisiteprerequisitecultureaquaculturehabitcohabitdwelldwellerfishfisherylandwetland第43頁(yè)第43頁(yè)II.

KeyWordsandPhrases（PartA）1.Farmerswillhavetoconfrontformidablechallenges…2.Thatcomplexgoalshouldbewithinreachofrichercountries…3.Butitwillsurelybeadauntingtaskinthedevelopingworld…4.…agriculturenowoccupiesupto80percentoftheworkforce…5.Advancesinagriculturethusbecomeaprerequisiteforachievingnearlyallsocialgoals…6.Themanyagriculturaltechnologiesinusetodayallemergedfromscientificresearch.7.…povertyfrequentlycausesfarmerstojeopardizethehealthoftheenvironment.8.Theanswer,simplyput,isbyfosteringthepracticeofsustainableagriculture.9.…itisfarmingthatmeetsrisingdemandsovertheindefinitefutureateconomic,environmentalandothersocialcostsconsistentwithrisingincomes.10.weconcentratehereonjustafewofitsmoretechnologicalaspects.第44頁(yè)第44頁(yè)11.…insectsanddiseaseslurkandthreatencrops.12.Everycultivatedfieldintheworldalsoharborsweeds…13.Butconcernforenvironmentalstandardsinrichercountriesisbeginningtodecreasetheiruse.14.…whentheirpatentsrunout,thecostofcomplyingwithenvironmentalregulationsinmarketingtheseproductsmayexceedtheprofitsthatmightotherwiseaccruetotheirmanufacturers.15.Awidearrayofalternativemeasurescanbebroughtinforsupport.16.Theterm‘integratedpestmanagement’capturesthatnotion.17.Itreferstothecombinationofusinghardyplants,croprotations,tillagepractices…18.Integratedpestmanagementdrawsonthefundamentalknowledgeofplantandinsectbiologyamassedbybotanistsandentomologists.19.…thesesubstancescanbeusedtointerferewiththenormalreproductivecycleofcommonpests…第45頁(yè)第45頁(yè)20.Comingadvanceswillundoubtedlymakesuchcarefullytailoredinsectcontroltechniquesmorewidelyavailabletoknowledgeablefarmers,whocanthenincorporatethemasstandardroutines.21.…researcherswillcontinuetoturnoutahostofcleverinventions...22.…futureeffortswillprovideaspectrumofpracticalstrategiesforeffectivepestcontrol.23.Conventionalplantbreedingnowboostsyieldsbyroughly1percentannually.24.Weexpectthatgeneticmanipulationwillaugmentconventionalbreeding…25.…towithstanddiseasesorpests…26.weareoptimisticaboutseeingthesetechniquesincreasetheyieldoffoodcrops…27.…theymayhelpboostproductivityonsomeofthedevelopingworld’smarginallands.28.Effortsinpromotinghostplantresistancewillbenefitalsofromnewinsights

intothemolecularbiologyofviruses.29.Weexpectthatduringthenextfewdecadesgeneticengineeringwillbecome

apowerfuladditiontoprovedplant-breedingstrategies.第46頁(yè)第46頁(yè)P(yáng)artB1.atitshighestrecordedlevel2.ingreatdemand3.indangerof4.shrinkingsupply5.topproducers6.sotospeak7.centeron8.contendwith9.cohabitinproximity10.susceptibleto11.wipeout12.emanatefrom第47頁(yè)第47頁(yè)13.genepool14.alleviatethedemandfor15.thediminishingwildstock16.takepressureoff第48頁(yè)第48頁(yè)III.TranslationGlobalconsumptionoffishisatitshighestrecordedlevelandisstillgrowing.Allformsofwaterdwellers,fromfinfishtocrustaceans,areingreatdemand.Atthesametime,however,scientistsandfisheriesexpertsarenoticingaslowbutworrisomedeclineinpiscinepopulations:itappearstheoceansareindangerofdepletionbecauseofpoormanagementpracticesestablisheddecadesagoandtechnologiesthatpermitgargantuancatches.（全球魚(yú)類消費(fèi)量已處于創(chuàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)最高水平，并且還在增長(zhǎng)。各種形式水產(chǎn)品，從有鰭魚(yú)類到甲殼綱需求量均很大。但是同時(shí)科學(xué)家和魚(yú)類專家都發(fā)覺(jué)魚(yú)類數(shù)量在緩慢但令人擔(dān)憂地下降：這種情況表明海洋正處于枯竭危險(xiǎn)中。這是由于過(guò)去數(shù)十年間缺乏合理管理辦法，并且技術(shù)發(fā)展又造成過(guò)度捕撈。）第49頁(yè)第49頁(yè)Unit8I.Affixheightheightendifferentdifferentiateharmonyharmoniouswayarchwaysensesensoryfootunderfootmodulemodularcircularsemicirculardesigndesignatestair—stairwayholdthreshold

第50頁(yè)第50頁(yè)classclassicfillinfilllonglongitudelongitudelongitudinalmasonmasonryplaneplanetariumwoodplywoodreinforcereinforcementseamseamlessskyskylightconscioussubconsciousassumingunassumingworkworkable第51頁(yè)第51頁(yè)II.KeyWordsandPhrases（PartA）1.…eachactormomentoftimeisprecededbyapreviousexperienceandbecomesthethresholdfortheexperiencetocome.2.…architecturetakesitsplacewiththeartsofpoetryandmusic,inwhichnosinglepartcanbeconsideredexceptinrelationtowhatimmediatelyprecedesorfollowsit.3.…thedimensionsoftheirdesignsshouldencompassthewholeofaday,thewholeofacity.4.…thiseffectisacontinuous,unbrokenflowofimpressionsthatassaulttheirsensesastheymovethroughit.5.Itisthefailureofthearchitecttoprojecthimselfintothemindandspiritofthepeople…6.…allareimportantinthecumulativeeffect.第52頁(yè)第52頁(yè)7.Underlyingitallisthemodularrhythmoffootsteps,theunchangingmeasureofspacesinceearliestcivilization.8.Thereisthemuscularefforttocrossacourt,forinstance,ortheexhilaration

inducedbytheprospectofascendingordescendingastairway.9.Onlythroughendlesswalkingcanthedesignerabsorbintohisbeingthetruescaleofurbanspaces.10.Atthefootofthemountainsarethirteenpavilions…11.…sosuperblyplacedthattheybringintoplay,inmemoryofthedeadmonarchs,theentirevolumecontainedwithinthemountainarc.第53頁(yè)第53頁(yè)P(yáng)artB1.gaugetheroom’sboundaries2.withstandthecompressiveforce3.radiatefrom4.thinkof…as5.fallin6.withinthemarginsoferror7.forthesakeof8.tobemoldedinto9.atmost10.datebackto11.windup12.takeintoaccount第54頁(yè)第54頁(yè)III.TranslationUnderlyingitallisthemodularrhythmoffootsteps,theunchangingmeasureofspacesinceearliestcivilization.Thereisthemuscularefforttocrossacourt,forinstance,ortheexhilarationinducedbytheprospectofascendingordescendingastairway.Onlythroughendlesswalkingcanthedesignerabsorbintohisbeingthetruescaleofurbanspaces.（以步幅為母度韻律，自早期創(chuàng)造以來(lái)就不曾改變空間量度，構(gòu)成了這一切基礎(chǔ)。比如，穿過(guò)庭院時(shí)肌肉作出努力，在上下樓梯前所引起興奮心情。只有通過(guò)無(wú)盡行走設(shè)計(jì)者才干深深體會(huì)都市空間尺度。）第55頁(yè)第55頁(yè)

Unit9I.Affixcompressedsupercompressedsingularsingularityintegratedisintegrateanswerableunanswerablegravegravitytidetidalcongregatecongregationstopunstoppablerejuvenaterejuvenation第56頁(yè)第56頁(yè)dayheydayfieldoutfieldredreddishsoapsoapsudswhelmoverwhelmrepulserepulsionmassmassive第57頁(yè)第57頁(yè)II.KeyWordsandPhrases（PartA）1.…thereeverhasbeenoreverwillbepoppedintoexistence10to20billionyearsago.2.Thistiny,supercompressedpointasingularityinthejargonofphysicistswasunimaginablyhotandpackedwithenergy.3.Whirlinggalaxieswillsparkstar-firefromdriftingmotesandvolatilegas.4.Itburstsforthinatitanicexplosion…5.Generationsofstarswillliveanddie…6.…thegrandmachinewillrundown.7.…itposesaproblemforcosmologistsbecauseitisvery,verysmooth.8.…theyconstructelaboratetheoriesinwhichgalaxiesspringforthinsteadoutofsucharcanaascolddarkmatter…9.Butwhilecosmologistspuzzleoverhowtheuniversemadesomethingoutof(almost)nothing…第58頁(yè)第58頁(yè)10.Whydotheygroupintoclusters,clustersofclusters…11.…enormousyawningvoidsuntiltheveryfabricoftheuniverseseemspackedwithfoamysoapsuds.12.…quasars,whichfountainenergyatratestheuniversehasneverseensincetheirheyday.13.…quasarsarenowthoughttobeblackholesdevouringmaterialinthecrowdedcentersoftheirhostgalaxies.14.Squeezedanheadedbytidalforcesbeyondcomprehension…15.…thearchitectureofthecosmosstandsinfulldisplay.16.Farfromscatteringatrandomasastronomersoncesurmised,galaxiestendcongregate,aspeopledo.17.…galaxiesbehavelikeswarmingdustmotes…18.Whatisthismassthatloomsinvisiblyamongthebrightlightsofthegalaxies?第59頁(yè)第59頁(yè)19.…theseaccountforaboutathirdofthetotal.20.Lackingtheabundantgastomakemorestar,thesegalaxiesaredoomedtoasterilefuture,growingolderandcolderwithlittlehopeofnewstar-lifetorejuvenatethem.PartB1.suckup2.liein3.emitashoweroflight4.consistof5.thekeyto…6.runoutof7.inafractionofasecond第60頁(yè)第60頁(yè)III.TranslationThegravitationalforceyoufeelonthesurfaceofaplanetdependsonboththeplanet’smassanditsradius.Thegreaterthemass,thestrongerthegravityandthegreatertheescapevelocity.Lessobviously,thesmallertheradius,thestrongerthegravityandthegreatertheescapevelocity,too.Thereason:youarethenstandingclosertotheplanet’scenter,sothegravitationalpullonyouisstrongerandyouhavetotravelfastertoescape.（一個(gè)人在一個(gè)行星表面所感受到引力取決于該行星質(zhì)量和半徑。質(zhì)量越大，它引力越大,逃逸速度越大。容易忽略是，行星半徑越小，它引力和逃逸速度也變得越大。原因是：你站地方更靠近該行星中心，因此它對(duì)你萬(wàn)有引力也就越強(qiáng)，你就不得不用更快速度去逃離。）第61頁(yè)第61頁(yè)Unit10I.Affixplantimplantthinkunthinkableresideresidencecoincoinagespacespatialglitchglitchyconveyconveyanceweightweightlessfruitfruitionbreakb