2023年公共英語一級閱讀理解日常練習(xí)題及答案

2023年公共英語一級閱讀理解日常練習(xí)題及答案

Godsdeterminewhatyou‘regoingtobe.以下是為大家搜尋整理的最新公共英語一級閱讀理解日常練習(xí)題及答案，盼望能給大家?guī)韼兔?更多精彩內(nèi)容請準(zhǔn)時(shí)關(guān)注我們!

SuperconductingMaterials

Thestoneage，TheIronAge.Entireepochshavebeennamedformaterials.Sowhattocallthedecadesahead?Thechoicewillbetough.Welcometotheageofsuperstuff.Materialscience——oncetheleastsexytechnology-isburstingwithnew，practicaldiscoveriesledbysuperconductingceramicsthatmayrevolutionizeelectronics.Butsuperconductorsarejustpartofthepicture：fromhouseandcarstocookpotsandartificialteeth，theworldwillsomedaybemadeofdifferentstuff.Exoticplastics，glassandceramicswillshapethefuturejustassurelyashavegeneticengineeringandcomputerscience.

Thekeytothenewmaterialsisresearchers‘increasingabilitytomanipulatesubstancesatthemolecularlevel.Ceramics，forexample，havelongbeenlimitedbytheirbrittleness.Butbyminimizingthemicroscopicimperfectionsthatcauseit，scientistsaremakingfarstrongerceramicsthatstillretainsuchqualitiesashardnessandheatresistance.FordMotorCo.nowusesceramictoolstocutsteel.AfirmcalledKyocerahascreatedalineofceramicscissorsandknivesthatstaysharpforyearsandneverrustorcorrode.

Asimilartransformationhasovertakenplastics.High-strengthpolymersnowformbridges，ice-skatingrinksandhelicopterrotors.Andonenewplasticthatgenerateselectricitywhenvibratedorpushedisusedinelectricguitars，touchsensorsforrobothandsandkaratejacketsthatautomaticallyrecordeachpunchandchop.Evenplasticlitter，whichoncethreatenedtopermanentlyblotthelandscape，hasprovedamenabletomoleculartinkering.Severalmanufacturersnowmakebiodegradableforms;someplasticsix-packringsforexample，graduallydecomposewhenexposedtosunlight.Researchersaredevelopingwaystomakeplasticsasrecyclableasmetalorglass.Besides，composites-plasticreinforcedwithfibersofgraphiteorothercompounds-madetheround-the-worldflightofthevoyagerpossibleandhaveevenbeenprovedincombat：ahelmetsavedaninfantryman‘slifebydeflectingtwobulletsintheGrenadainvasion.

Someadvancedmaterialsareoldstandardwithanewtwist.Thenewestfiberopticcablethatcarrytelephonecallscross-countryaremadeofglasssotransparentthatapieceof100milesthickisclearerthanastandardwindowpane.

Butnewmaterialshavenoimpactuntiltheyaremadeintoproducts.Andthattransitioncouldprovedifficult，forswitchingrequireslengthyresearchandinvestment.Itcanbesaidafirmerhandleonhowtomovetocommercializationwilldeterminethesuccessorfailureofacountryinthenearfuture.

1.Howmanynewmaterialsarementionedinthispassage?

[A]Two

[B]Three

[C]Four

[D]Five

2.Whydoestheauthormentiongeneticengineeringandcomputerscience?

[A]Tocomparethemwiththenewmaterials.

[B]Toshowthesignificanceofthenewmaterialsonthefutureworld.

[C]Tocomparethenewmaterialstothem.

[D]Toexplainhisviewpoint.

3.Whyistransitiondifficult?

[A]Becausetransitionrequiresmoneyandtime.

[B]Becausemanymanufacturersareunwillingtochangetheirequipment.

[C]Becauseresearchonnewmaterialsisverydifficult.

[D]Becauseittakes10years.

4.WhereliessuccessofacountryintheNewAgeofsuperstuff?

[A]Itliesinresearch.

[B]Itliesininvestment.

[C]Itliesininnovation.

[D]Itliesinapplication.

Vocabulary

1.superstuff超級材料

2.superconductingceramic超導(dǎo)陶瓷

3.exotic奇妙的

4.shape塑造，成型

5.brittleness脆性

6.polymer聚合體

7.karatejacket空手道外衣

8.touchsensor觸及傳感器

9.eachpunchandchop每一個(gè)擊、打

10.blot玷污，損害風(fēng)景的東西

11.tinker修補(bǔ)，調(diào)整

12.amendable聽從于，遵循的

13.biodegradable能生物遞減分解的

14.six-packrings放六個(gè)罐子的環(huán)狀物

15.decompose分解

16.recyclable可循環(huán)使用的

17.infantryman步卒

18.deflect使偏斜，使轉(zhuǎn)向

19.anewtwist一個(gè)新的觀點(diǎn)，方法

答案詳解

1.B三種超導(dǎo)材料。答案再第一段最終一句“奇妙的塑料、玻璃和陶瓷”。下面各段詳細(xì)講這三種材料。其次段講陶瓷：“新材料之關(guān)鍵在于討論工不斷提高在分子水平上處理物質(zhì)的力量。舉陶瓷為例，由于它的脆性，長期來應(yīng)用范圍有限。但是通過改善導(dǎo)致脆性的微小缺陷，科學(xué)家制造出一種保持原有硬度和抗熱性，但堅(jiān)實(shí)得多的陶瓷”。第三段講塑料?！邦愃频霓D(zhuǎn)折發(fā)生在塑料上，高強(qiáng)度的塑料建成了橋梁、溜冰場、直升機(jī)的葉輪。一種震驚或推動就能發(fā)電的新型塑料用于電子吉他上，觸及傳感塑料用于機(jī)械手和空手道外衣上，它能自動記錄每次擊打?！焙竺嬲劶八芰侠梢蕴幚恚蛘咧圃炜煞纸鈴?fù)原的塑料制品。塑料內(nèi)參加其他化合物加強(qiáng)性能。第四段講有些高級材料由新的轉(zhuǎn)變，最新的光纖電纜由玻璃制成，透亮度極高，100英里厚的一塊其清楚度比一塊一般窗玻璃還高。

2.B說明這種新材料對將來世界的意義。答案在第一段：“奇妙的塑料、玻璃和陶瓷肯定會象生物工程和計(jì)算機(jī)一樣將轉(zhuǎn)變世界?！?/p>

A.把它們和新材料相比擬，這里不僅僅是比擬，而是說明三者都具同樣的作用——轉(zhuǎn)變世界。

C.把新材料比作它們。也不僅僅是比方比較。與A一樣沒有說到核心電。

D.說明他的觀點(diǎn)。太籠統(tǒng)。

3.A轉(zhuǎn)折需要錢和時(shí)間。見最終一段“可是新材料只有制成產(chǎn)品才