藥學(xué)英語I知到章節(jié)答案智慧樹2023年山東中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)

藥學(xué)英語I知到章節(jié)測試答案智慧樹2023年最新山東中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)第一章測試Epidemiologistmeans（）.

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流行病學(xué)家Mostcruciferousvegetableshada70percentlowerriskof（）cancerthanthosewhoatetheleastofsuchvegetables.

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colonβ-carotene,concentratedin()vegetablessuchascarrots,sweetpotatoesandspinach.（）.

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yellow;deepgreen;orangeCertainfoodscanblockthechemicalsthatinitiatecancer.（）

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對Antioxidantscansnuffoutoxygenfreeradicalsandcanevenrepairsomeofthecellulardamagethathasbeendone.（）

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對Researchsuggeststhatfrequentconsumptionoffruitsandvegetablescancuttheriskoflungcancereveninsmokers.（）

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對β-carotenehadanindirecttoxiceffectoncellstakenfrommalignanttumors.（）

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錯(cuò)Accordingtothetext,thosewhoeatmoreonionandgarlicarelesspronetogastrointestinalcancer.（）

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對Garliccannotantagonizeexistingcancer.（）

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錯(cuò)Citrusfruitanall-aroundcancerpackagebecauseitpossesseseveryclassofnaturalsubstances.（）

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對Feedinganimalscabbageandcollardgreens羽衣甘藍(lán),alongwithahigh-fatdiet,reducedtheincidenceofmammarycancers.（）

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錯(cuò)第二章測試Theresponsibilityofdrugabuserestswith（）.

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patients;doctorsFacedwithmanypenicillin-resistantinfections,doctorsmayopttoprescribe（）

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abroad-spectrumantibiotic;amorepowerfuldrugIfonlyenoughmedicineistakentokillthemostsusceptiblegerms,thehardyhandfulmaysurvivetogrowanewcolony;thisnewbreedofbacteriawillbemoreresistanttothemedication.（）

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對Penicillindrugs,whichcurednearlyallbacterialurinary-tractinfectionsseveraldecadesago,arenowmuchlesseffectiveagainstthem.（）

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對Takingantibioticswhenyoudon’tneedthemwon’tdoyouanygood,anditcandoharm.（）

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對MorethanhalfofallantibioticuseintheUnitedStatesisunnecessaryorinappropriate.（）

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對Westillneedvariationsofexistingantibioticstoprotectusfromresistanceoverthelongterm.（）

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錯(cuò)Byaffectingmorekindsofbacteria,thenarrow-spectrumdrugssimplyoffermoreopportunitiesforresistantmutationstodevelop.（）

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錯(cuò)Itistheresponsibilityofdoctorstocausepublichealthcrisisduetotheabuseofprescriptiondrugs.（）

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錯(cuò)第三章測試Morphineisthemajor（）ofopium.

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alkaloidPhytochemicalmeans（）.

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植物化學(xué)的（）ofprescribeddrugssoldinU.S.pharmaciescontainconstituentsderiveddirectlyfromrealgreenplants.

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OnequarterHerbalmedicineisdamnedbyassociationinmedicaleyesbecause（）.

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itispractisedbylay-people;itispractisedbypeopletheyconsiderinadequatelytrained;itispractisedbypeasantsandprimitivepeople;itbelongstomedicine’sdarkanddiscreditablepastWhichonebelongstotheplant-deriveddrugs（）?

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morphine;quinine;reserpine;atropineQuinineisthemodelforallantimalarials.（）

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對Digitalisisaveryimportantcardiacdrug.（）

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對Reserpinandvincaleukoblastine長春堿representthemostimportantplant-derivedmedicinalsintroducedintomedicinebyourgeneration.（）

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對ReserpinwasusedinprimitiveHindumedicineforavarietyofdiseases,includingsnakebite,hypertensionandinsomnia.（）

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對VincaleukoblastineisakindofalkaloidsisolatedfromVincarosea.（）

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對Extensiveactivestudiesledtoelucidationofmorphine’sstructure.（）

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錯(cuò)第四章測試Physiologymeans（）.

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生理學(xué)Whichbooksaidthatbloodflowsthroughthebloodvesselsinaregularcourseandthatthefunctionofthebloodistodistributenutrition?（）

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NeiJingWhatkindspartsofmedicinalplantscanbeusedfortherapeuticpurposes?（）

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theflowers;thefruitsandthewholeplant;thestem;theleaves;therootsChinesetraditionalmedicinebelongtofolkmedicine.（）

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錯(cuò)Acupunctureisatechniqueinwhichallofthepointswereelaboratedoveraperiodof2000years.（）

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錯(cuò)Chinesephysicianscontinuetotreatacuteappendicitiswithoutsurgery,usingtheancientprescriptions，becauseofeconomy.（）

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錯(cuò)ThegovernmentofChinaencouragesnotonlythecollectionofoldandnewherbsbutalsotheextendedcultivationofmedicinalplants.（）

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對Differentmedicinalpartoftheplantcanbecollectedatthesametime.（）

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錯(cuò)Theprocessingofmedicinalplantsisn’tconcernedwiththeefficacyofthedrug.（）

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錯(cuò)Propercleaningmethodseliminateorreducetoxicity,thusenhancingtheefficacyandsafetyoftheproduct.（）

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對Thepackagecontainingthedrugsistakenhomeandboiledinametalutensilforaspecifiedlengthoftimeinaprescribedamountofwater.（）

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錯(cuò)第五章測試Anaturalproductisdefinedasaproductthatisderivedfrom（）throughphysicalprocessing.

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animal;microbialsources;plantPhysicalprocessingfornaturalproductincluding（）.

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microbialfermentation.;acidificationandbasification;ionexchange;saltformationWhichoneisthefunctionofactiveingredients（）.

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causephysiologicalchanges;serveasnutrients;supplyenergytothebodySincetheadventoftheSyntheticEraseveraldecadesago,manynaturaldrugshavebeenreplacedbysyntheticones.（）

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對Naturalflavorsandfragranceshavebeenduplicatedorsimulatedbymanufacturedchemicals.（）

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對Thepresenttrendpointstoanincreasinginterestintheuseofsyntheticproducts,particularlyinfoodsandcosmetics.（）

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錯(cuò)naturalproductsitisgenerallymeantthatproductsarenotmadebychemicalsynthesis.（）

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對Inactiveingredientsaresubstanceswhichdonotexertphysiologicalactionswheningestedorappliedtothebody.（）

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對Theprimaryfunctionofinactiveingredientsistofacilitatetheultimateintakeorutilizationoftheactiveingredients.（）

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對第六章測試Pharmaceuticalanalysismeans（）?

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藥物分析Whichofthefollowingtechniquesareusedtoseparatetraceimpurities?（）

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Gaschromatography(GC);thinlayerchromatography(TLC);solventextraction;highpressureliquidchromatography(HPLC)Whichofthefollowingtechniquesareusedforidentificationofunknownproducts?（）

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nuclearmagneticresonancespectroscopy(NMR);infraredspectroscopy(IR);massspectroscopy(MS);ElementalanalysisInordertodetectsmallchangesreliablywithalimitednumberofreplicateassaysateachtimepoint,theanalysismustbe（）?

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freeofinterferencefromthedegradationproducts;veryprecise;freeof“drift”duetochangesininstruments,standards,operatorsThepreferredsolutiontotheproblemofquantitativecontrolassaysistouseHPLCorGCmethodswhichafford（）.

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goodspecificity;simplicity;excellentprecisionandaccuracy;highspeedStabilitystudiesareespeciallydemandingofanalyticalprecisionandaccuracybecausechangesofafewpercentoveraperiodof3to5yearsaresignificantandmustbeaccuratelyquantitatted.（）

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對Theproceduresusedduringproductdevelopmentcannotbesimplified.（）

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錯(cuò)Controllimitsonboththepurityofthedrugsubstanceandthedrugcontentofthefinishedformulationareusuallyverytight,thusrequiringveryprecisequantitativeproceduresfortestingcompliance.（）

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對Thisseparationisfrequentlyaccomplishedbyextraction,solventpartitioning,filtration,orcolumnchromatography,butmanyothertechniquesfindoccasionalapplication.（）

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對AreferencestandardisrequiredwheneverarelativetechniquesuchasGC,HPLC,ultraviolet,visibleorinfraredspectrophotometry,fluorometry,orpolarographyisusedfortheanalysis.（）

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對Thepurityvalueofthestandardmustbederivedfromabsolutemethods.（）

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對第七章測試Usuallytoxicitystudiesareundertakenoveraperiodof（）.

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4weekstoatleast1yearTheaimsofdrugdevelopmentare（）.

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causelesssevereadverseeffects;causelessfrequent;produceanoveltherapeuticagentwhichissuperiorinefficacytoexistingremediesWhichofthefollowingstrategieshavebeenusedinthedevelopmentofnewdrugs?（）

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Clinicalobservationofdrugactioninpractice;Serendipity偶然,luckandintuition;randomchemicalsynthesis;ProgrammedbasicresearchwithsynthesisofspecificchemicalWhichofthefollowingmodelsareusuallyemployedinexperimentalpharmacology?（）

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Perfusedorgans;Isolatedtissues;Cellculturesorbacteria;Intactanimalsfrommicetoprimates;PartiallypurifiedenzymesorsubcellularparticlesDuringexperimentalpharmacology,attentionmustbepaidto:（）

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Teratogeniceffects;Carcinogenicity;Mutagenicity;EffectsonfertilityChronictoxicitytestingismorerelevanttoclinicalapplications.（）

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對Routinetoxicologytestingshouldbecanceledbecausethereisnorelevanceofsomeanimalcarcinogenicitystudiestoman.（）

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錯(cuò)Extensiveformaltoxicologicaltestsarenowrequiredinmostcountriesbeforedrugscanbeusedonpatients.（）

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對Experimentalpharmacologydeterminewhetherthedrughasthedesiredprofileofactioninmodelsystems.（）

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對第八章測試Onlyafteranimalstudieshaveprovedefficacy,andtoxicologicalstudieshaveprovidedameasureofthepossiblerisk,cannewdrugsbegiventohumans.（）

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對Phase1involvessmallscalestudiesinnormalvolunteers.（）

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對Phase2studiesinitiallymaybeopen,uncontrolled,dose-rangingexperimentsanddon’tincludecontrolledstudies.（）

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錯(cuò)Whendrugswithspecificactionsonenzymesorreceptorsarebeingstudied,relativelysimplecellfreesystemsorisolatedtissuepreparationscanbeused.（）

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對Post-marketingsurveillanceisincreasinglyundertakentoassessefficacyandtoxicityofnewdrugsonalargerscale.（）

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對Thephysicianneedsguidanceoncriticalassessmentofwhatrepresentsanimportantadvance.（）

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對Phaseonestudiesdeterminewhetherthedrugcanbegiventomanwithoutserioussymptomsortoxicity,andwhetherithasthedesiredpharmacologicaleffects.（）

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對Phase2studiesdeterminewhetherthenewdrughasthedesiredeffectonpatientswiththeappropriatedisease.（）

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對Phase3studiesdeterminehowthenewdrugcomparesinclinicalpracticewithexistingremedies,andtoestablishitsprofileofactionandfrequencyofadverseeffects.（）

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對第九章測試WorldHealthOrganization(WHO)means（）?

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世界衛(wèi)生組織Strategiesworldwidetocontrolofdrugabuseinclude（）.

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limittheavailabilityofspecifieddependence-producingdrugs;increaseunderstandingamongtargetgroupsofcommunityleadersandothers;suppressillicitcultivation,production,manufacture,distribution,andinappropriatemannerofuseofdesignateddrugs;reducesocialacceptanceof,interestin,anddemandfordependence-producingdrugsThemajorityoflegaldrugsusednowandthenforminorillnesseswithoutmedicalprescriptionareprobablynotnecessary.（）

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對certainotherdrugsaffectthenervoussystemindifferentways,oftenproducingavarietyofpleasurablefeelings:amoodofjoy;drowsinessorsleep,orevenpleasurablevisionsorhallucinations.（）

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對Addictionisthebody’scontinuedneedfordrugsbecauseoftheirphysiologicaleffectsaftertheyarefirsttaken.（）

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對Injectionintoaveinisusuallythemostdirect,potentmeansofdrugadministration.（）

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對Tolimittheavailabilityofspecifieddependence-producingdrugsisagoodstrategytocontrolofdrugabuse.（）

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對Certainmigrants,emotionallyorsociallydisadvantagedand/orunstablepersonsarehighriskgroupsofdrugabuse.（）

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對Modifytheinterestsandattitudesofpersonsathighriskofusingdependence-producingdrugsinamannerlikelytobeassociatedwithpersonalandsocialproblems,soastoreducetheprobabilityofsuchuse.（）

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對Eliminateignoranceandmisconceptionsaboutdrugeffectscouldn’tdecreasedrugabuse.（）

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對第十章測試Drugdependenceinclude（）

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Physicaldependence;PsychicdependenceHowtomanageopiumanditsderivatives？（）

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onemethodisthesubstitutionofmethadonewhichislessaddictiveandwhichcanbewithdrawnatalaterdate.;Attemptscanbemadetostopthenarcotic;Addictsmustberegisteredandmaythenreceiveasupplyoftheirdrugfromapproveddoctors.;Alternatively,clonidinecanbeused.Drugdependencemaybedefinedasastateresultingfromtheinteractionofapersonandadruginwhichthepersonhasacompulsiontocontinuetakingthedruginordertoexperiencepleasurablepsychiceffectsandsometimesavoiddiscomfortduetoitswithdrawal.（）

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對Mostmembersoftheopiumgroupofdrugsaretoagreaterorlesserextentdrugsofdependence.（）

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對Heroinmaybeinjectedintravenously,takenorallyorsmoked.（）

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對Cocaineproducesafeelingofelationandappearstotemporarilyincreasephysicalcapacity.（）

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對InSouthAfricatheleavesofthecocatreewhichcontaincocainearechewedbytheinhabitants.（）

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錯(cuò)Cocainedependenceislargelypsychicandwithdrawalsymptomsaredepression,sleepinessandincreasedappetite.（）

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對Formanyyearsamphetamineswereusedasappetitesuppressorsandtotreatmilddepression.（）

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對Cannabisisavolatileoil,obtainedfromaplantwhichiswidelygrowninAmerica,AfricaandAsia,usuallysmokedbutcanbetakenbymouth.（）

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錯(cuò)第十一章測試藥理學(xué)英文拼寫（）?

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pharmacodynamics（）dealswiththeuseofdrugsinthepreventionandtreatmentofdisease.

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PharmacotherapeuticsPharmacologyinclude（）.

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therapeuticandotherusesofdrugs;theknowledgeofthehistory,source,physicalandchemicalproperties,compounding;biochemicalandphysiologicaleffects;mechanismsofaction,absorption,distribution,biotransformationandexcretionTowriteintelligentprescriptionorders,thephysicianmusthavesomeknowledgeof（）

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availabledosageformsofdrugs;abasicfamiliaritywiththepracticeofpharmacy;thephysicalandchemicalpropertiesofdrugsPharmacokineticsdealswith（）ofdrugs.

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excretion;absorption;biotransformation;distributionAdrugisbroadlydefinedasanychemicalagentthataffectslivingprocesses.（）

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對Theclinicianisinterestedmainlyindrugsthatareusefulintheprevention,diagnosis,andtreatmentofhumandisease,notinthepreventionofpregnancy.（）

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錯(cuò)Fewerdrugsarenowobtainedfromnaturalsources,and,moreimportantly,mostofthesearehighlypurifiedorstandardizedanddifferlittlefromsyntheticchemicals.（）

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對Thepreparing,compounding,anddispensingofmedicinesatonetimelaywithintheprovinceofthephysician,butthisworkisnowdelegatedalmostcompletelytothepharmacist.（）

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對Pharmacokineticsstudyofthebiochemicalandphysiologicaleffectsofdrugsandtheirmechanismsofaction.（）

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錯(cuò)Structure-activityrelationshipsisaramificationofpharmacodynamics.（）

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對thecorrelationofbiologicalactivitywithchemicalstructureisusuallyofinteresttothephysicianonlywhenitprovidesthebasisforsummarizingotherpharmacologicalinformation.（）

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對第十二章測試Fortheproject,theoutlineplaninclude（）.

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Unwantedeffects;Keepingqualitiesandstorageconditions;Natureandusesexcretion;DosageandadministrationWhat’sthenatureandusesofAspirin？（）

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Torelieveinflammationinrheumaticdisease.;Forsymptomaticreliefofminorachesandpains,suchasheadache,menstrualpains,butnotforuseinstomachpainorindigestion.;Painrelieverandfeverreducer;alsoreducesinflammation.;Forsymptomaticreductionoftransientfever,asin“flu”.What’stheUnwantedeffectsofAspirin？（）

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heartburn;stomachbleeding;stomachdiscomfortPackageleafletsbewritteninmedicaljargonandmayputspecialemphasisonprotectingtheuserbywarninghimaboutallthepossibleharmfuleffects,includingnotonlythosethatareseriousorcommonbutalsothelessseriousandtherare.（）

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對Whatinformationisessentialdependsprimarilyontheculturalsettingofitsuseandtheeducationalattainmentoftheuser.（）

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錯(cuò)Itishighlydesirablethatthesameorsimilarmedicinesavailableindifferentplacesshouldbeaccompaniedbythesameorsimilarinformation,whoeverthemanufacturermaybe.（）

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對Thisexercisewouldbesimilarinprinciplebutmoredifficultindetail,mainlybecausethedemarcationofresponsibilitiesbetweendoctorandpatientcanbeintricate,variesgreatly,andisoftenunclear.（）

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對Noteveryonewantstouseamedicineneedscertaininformationtoenablehimtouseittothebesteffectandtominimisetheriskofharm.（）

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錯(cuò)Natureanduses:afewwordsaboutthenatureofthemedicine,thepurposesforwhichitissuitable,and(ifconsiderednecessary)certainpurposesforwhichitshouldnotbeused.Categoriesofpeoplewhoshouldnotuseitneednotbeincluded.（）

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錯(cuò)Theminimum-informationapproachcouldhelpconsiderablyinattemptstodeveloppackageinsertsforpatients.（）

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對第十三章測試FDA’sgoalinclude（）.

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cosmeticsaresafe;drugs,biologicalproductsandmedicaldevicesaresafeandeffective;theuseofradiologicalproductsdoesnotresultinunnecessaryexposuretoradiation;foodissafeandwholesome;alloftheseproductsarehonestlyandinformativelylabeledTheFoodandDrugAdministrationhasbeendescribedastheprincipalconsumerprotectionagencyoftheFederalGovernment.（）

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對FDAhasresponsibilitytooverseethepurity,quality,identity,safety,usefulness,andrelatedcharacteristicsofthenation’sfood,drug,andcosmeticsupply.（）

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對TherelativeemphasiswhichtheAgencyplacesonthevoluntaryrouteversustheenforcementroutevariesgreatlyfromtime-to-time.（）

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對AmongthemanyFederalregulatoryagencies,noothertouchestheday-to-daylifeofcitizenssodirectlyasFDA.（）

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對OnlypartoftheestablishmentsintheUnitedStatesareinspectedbyFDAatonetimeoranother.（）

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錯(cuò)FDAmustrelyonthevoluntarycomplianceofthosewhooperatewithintheprofessionsandindustriesthatareresponsiblefortheproductsoverwhichtheFDAhasjurisdiction.（）

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對Thisvoluntarycomplianceisencouragedbyaparallelprogramofregulatoryenforcementviaproductsampling,b