高考英語專題十七完形填空第1講2016race against death

專題十形填閱 語篇練 精講筆 基礎(chǔ)過 完形練1ARaceAgainst教學(xué)目標(biāo)掌握完形填空的解題技巧,并能夠本篇完形填空中運(yùn)用到的解題技巧名師點(diǎn)撥“巧婦難為無米之炊”,在英語學(xué)習(xí)的過程中,語料的積累至關(guān)重要。對于完形填空高頻詞和長難句的梳理,同學(xué),老師已經(jīng)為你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高頻詞和長難句,高頻詞（課前檢測學(xué)生的詞匯量儲備,以教師提問的形式進(jìn)行。能夠準(zhǔn)確翻譯的為優(yōu),模糊翻譯的良,不會翻譯的為差。）優(yōu)良差cut切斷中斷使dueadv.becauseof,dueto,thanksto,owingto,asaof,onaccountofvt.檢查；；檢vi.adj.致命的；非常adv.地vt.影響；；感vi.n.adj.無助的；無能lessvi.打，打擊；；vt.打，擊；撞knock,beat,strike,vt.vi.affordoffersupplyprovidevt.n.vi.vi.“存在”：existlivebeadj.官方的；正式n.；officer的軍官,officialcomeupn.vi.vt.；；；；；；pickn.手，手藝；幫助；vt.inhand/byhandhandin/handadj.極端的；極度程度；的事adj.v.結(jié)冰（ze的過breakfalladj.的；華麗vt.地面n.passprep.adv.n.prep.在…之內(nèi)：inadv.在內(nèi)部：interiorlyn.vt.vi.n.,,Thetownwascutofffromtherestoftheworldduetoheavysnow.（優(yōu)良差句子分析：becutofffrom從…切斷dueto由于DrWelchneededmedicineassoonaspossibletostopotherkidsfromgettingsick.（優(yōu)良差句子分析：assoonaspossible盡快,stop…from…做某事，todo做目的狀語。NortonSoundwascoveredwithicewhichcouldsometimesbreakupwithoutwarning.（優(yōu)良差句子分析：becoveredwith被…覆蓋breakup破裂whichice。翻譯：灣被冰雪覆蓋,這些冰可能沒有任何警告地破裂。Conditionsweresobadthatitwasimpossibleforhimtofindthetrailagain.（優(yōu)良差句子分析：句子分析：so…that…如此…以至于itisimpossibleforsbtodosthTheonlyhopewasBalto,Kaasen’sleaddog.Baltoputhisnosetotheground,tryingtofindthesmellofotherdogsthathadtraveledonthetrail.（優(yōu)良差）句子分析：句子分析：Kaasen’sleaddogBaltoBalto；trying引導(dǎo)伴隨狀語；thathadonthetrailthat翻譯：唯一的希望是卡森的雪橇前狗——圖,圖把它的鼻子貼在地上,試著找到曾經(jīng)在雪橇痕跡上走過“方法得當(dāng),事半功倍?！敝挥姓Z料的積累,沒有好方法的輔助也是不夠的。對于完形填空解題方法的梳理,能夠幫助我們更好地理解完形填空題邏輯,在有足夠語料積累的基礎(chǔ)上,能夠幫助我們爭取高分。同學(xué),老師已經(jīng)為你精心整理了完形填空的解題技巧,快來看看你掌握了多少？通讀全文,掌握大的暗示,努力找出。瞻前顧后,先易后的意思。如果是語法問題,不僅要考慮時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài),還要考慮整個(gè)詞的答案,諸如固定詞組、常見句型等。③瞻前顧后,記首尾照應(yīng),首句之重要大家已注意,同時(shí)不要忽上下連貫,合乎邏讓步、比較關(guān)系、行為方式……）,然后再選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。總之,復(fù)核全文,消除疏英語知識運(yùn)用是一種綜合測試方式。通過研究考題發(fā)現(xiàn),考生要準(zhǔn)確補(bǔ)全文章空白處,使其意義連貫,應(yīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)四種類型的語篇銜接,即語義銜接、邏輯銜接、結(jié)構(gòu)銜接和慣用銜接。要實(shí)現(xiàn)這四種銜接,考生可聯(lián)系上下文邏輯關(guān)系,或依據(jù)一些線索詞來完成。以下將從詞匯、語法、語篇三個(gè)層面介紹一下這四種銜接的特（一）根據(jù)鄰近原則（1）（二）and,but,however,though,whereas,nevertheless,although,yet,onthecontrary,otherwise,onthehand,afterall,forall,still,before,after,and,tobeginwith,first,firstly,second,secondly,then,next,finally,andsothatistosay,inotherwords,toputitanotherso,therefore,thus,because,accordingly,asaresult,consequently,hence,forthisreason,for,since,though,although,despite,inspiteof,afterall,eventhough,evenif,while,it,unless,once,providedthat,in similarly,inalikemanner,forexample,forinstance,ally,indeed,infact,inotherwords,inparticular,specifically,thatis,toillustrateso,inbrief,inshort,inconclusion,inaword,onthewhole,generallyspeaking,tosumup,summarize,to（三）釋,詞（詞）because,since,as,duetothefactthat,so,therefore,thus,hence,accordingly,asaresultasaconsequencenowthatinthat料。常用的詞或詞組有：howevervetbutanyhowanyway,neverthelessinspite相反。表達(dá)比較、對比的常見詞和詞組有：incomparison,bycomparisonlikeasas,incontrast,bycontrast,conversely,opposiy,onthecontrary,insteadof,rather也可以是詞組,常見的有：first（ly）second（ly）third（ly）…；firstnextlast：onetwo,three…；foronething,foranotherthing組常用的有：alsotoosimilarly,furthermoreoverlikewiseinaddition, morenotonly…butalso…some…others語出現(xiàn)在語篇中,句子通過這種重現(xiàn)關(guān)系得到了相互銜接。根據(jù)這一原則,示是一個(gè)意義完整、上下關(guān)聯(lián)的語篇,它所討論的是同一,行文中的替代現(xiàn)象詞語重復(fù)都是不可避免的。因此在解答時(shí),應(yīng)該瞻前顧后,尋找相關(guān)線索,如同知識和語語閱（遵循完形填空先完意,后完形的原則,指導(dǎo)學(xué)生在閱讀的前提下領(lǐng)悟文章的主要意思,防止學(xué)生理解跑偏ARaceAgainst（2016高考）ItwasacoldJanuaryin1925inNorthAlaska.Thetownwascutofffromtherestoftheworldduetoheavysnow.Onthe20thofthatmonth,Dr.Welch36aSickboy,Billy,andknewhehaddiphtheria,adeadlyinfectious(傳染的)diseasemainlyaffectingchildren.ThechildrenofNomewouldbe37ifitstruckthetown.Dr.Welchneededmedicineassoonaspossibletostopotherkidsfromgettingsick.38,theclosestsupplywasover1,000 away,inHowcouldthemedicinegettoNome?Thetown`s39wasalreadyfullofice,soitcouldn`tcomebyship.Carsandhorsescouldn`ttravelonthe40roads.Jetairnesandbigtrucksdidn`texistyet.41January26,Billyandthreeotherchildrenhaddied.Twentymorewere42.Nome`stownofficialscameupwitha(n)43.Theywouldhavethemedicinesentby44fromAnchoragetoNenanaFromtheredogeled(狗拉雪橇)drivers—knownas“mushers”—would45ittoNomeinarelay(接力).TheracebeganonJanuary27.Thefirstmusher,Shannon,pickedupthemedicinefromthetrainatNenanaandrodeallnight.46hehandedthemedicinetothenextmusher,Shannon`sfacewasblackfromtheextremecold.OnJanuary31,amushernamedSeppalahadto47afrozenbodyofwatercalledNortonSound.Itwasthemost48partofthejourney.NortonSoundwascoveredwithice,whichcouldsometimesbreakupwithoutwarning.Ifthathappened,Seppalamightfallintotheicywaterbelow.Hewould49,andsowouldthesickchildrenofNome.ButSeppalamadeitacross.AhugesnowstormhitonFebruary1.AmushernamedKaasenhadtobravethisstormAtonepointhugepilesofsnowblockedhis50.Hehadtoleavethetrail(雪橇痕跡)togetaroundthem.Conditionsweresobadthatitwasimpossibleforhimto51thetrailagain.TheonlyhopewasBalto,Kaasen’sleaddog,Baltoputhisnosetotheground,52tofindthesmellofotherdogsthathadtraveledonthetrailIfBaltofailed,itwouldmeandisasterforNomeTheminutespassedby.Suddenly,Baltobeganto53.HehadfoundthetrailAt5:30amonFebruary2,Kaasenandhisdog54inNome.Withinminutes,Dr.Welchhadthemedicine.Hequicklygaveittothesickchildren.Allofthemrecovered.Nomehadbeen55文章大意為 （只給出即可語篇練習(xí)話體詞建議用實(shí)際用人物傳記/故事閱15分ARaceAgainst（2016高考）ItwasacoldJanuaryin1925inNorthAlaska.Thetownwascutofffromtherestoftheworldduetoheavysnow.Onthe20thofthatmonth,DrWelch36aSickboyBilly,andknewhehaddiphtheriaadeadlyinfectious(傳染的)diseasemainlyaffectingchildren.ThechildrenofNomewouldbe37ifitstruckthetown.Dr.Welchneededmedicineassoonaspossibletostopotherkidsfromgettingsick.38,theclosestsupplywasover1,000away,inHowcouldthemedicinegettoNome?Thetown`s39wasalreadyfullofice,soitcouldn`tcomebyship.Carsandhorsescouldn`ttravelonthe40roads.Jetairnesandbigtrucksdidn`texistyet.41January26,Billyandthreeotherchildrenhaddied.Twentymorewere42.Nome`stownofficialscameupwitha(n)43.Theywouldhavethemedicinesentby44fromAnchoragetoNenanaFromtheredogeled(狗拉雪橇)drivers—knownas“mushers”—would45ittoNomeinarelay(接力).TheracebeganonJanuary27.Thefirstmusher,Shannon,pickedupthemedicinefromthetrainatNenanaandrodeallnight.46hehandedthemedicinetothenextmusher,Shannon`sfacewasblackfromtheextremecold.OnJanuary31,amushernamedSeppalahadto47afrozenbodyofwatercalledNortonSound.Itwasthemost48partofthejourney.NortonSoundwascoveredwithice,whichcouldsometimesbreakupwithoutwarning.Ifthathappened,Seppalamightfallintotheicywaterbelow.Hewould49,andsowouldthesickchildrenofNome.ButSeppalamadeitacross.AhugesnowstormhitonFebruary1.AmushernamedKaasenhadtobravethisstormAtonepointhugepilesofsnowblockedhis50.Hehadtoleavethetrail(雪橇痕跡)togetaroundthem.Conditionsweresobadthatitwasimpossibleforhimto51thetrailagain.TheonlyhopewasBalto,Kaasen’sleaddog,Baltoputhisnosetotheground,52tofindthesmellofotherdogsthathadtraveledonthetrailIfBaltofailed,itwouldmeandisasterforNomeTheminutespassedby.Suddenly,Baltobeganto53.HehadfoundthetrailAt5:30amonFebruary2,Kaasenandhisdog54inNome.Withinminutes,Dr.Welchhadthemedicine.Hequicklygaveittothesickchildren.Allofthemrecovered.Nomehad.36.A.B.C.D.37.A.B.C.D.38.A.39.A.B.B.C.C.D.D.40.A.B.C.D.41.A.B.C.D.42.A.B.C.D.43.A.B.C.D.44.A.B.C.D.45.A.B.C.D.46.A.47.A.B.B.C.C.D.D.48.A.B.C.D.49.A.B.C.D.50.A.B.C.D.51.A.B.C.D.52.A.B.C.D.53.A.B.C.D.54.A.B.C.D.55.A.B.C.D.語篇解析：文章講述了一個(gè)人們接力運(yùn)送藥物來救患病兒童的感人故事。19251月份的阿拉斯加北部極其寒A.examined檢查。策略：利用(1)36空前：Dr.Welch…(2)36aSickboy生病的男孩兒，…,adeadlyinfectious(傳染的)disease一種致命的傳染病。Bhelpless無助的。策略：利用(1)37空前ThechildrenofNomewouldbeNome(2)37ifitstruckthetown.DrWelchneededmedicineassoonaspossibletostopotherkidsfromgettingsick如果被卡在鎮(zhèn)里，Dr.Welch需要藥物目的是立即孩子們發(fā)病。D.However。但是利用：(1)空前assoonaspossible立即(2)空后over1,000away,1,000多英里以外Charbor39空后,fulloficeBsnowy40空前，39空后，fulloficeCBy41January26haddiedbyD.sick病的，的。策略：利用42空前，haddiedA.n規(guī)劃，計(jì)劃。策略：利用43空后的解釋，Theywouldhavethemedicinesentby44fromAnchorageto.Brail45空后，中文注釋(接力45dogeled(狗拉雪橇driversAcarry44sentdogeled狗拉雪橇driversCWhen46hehandthemedicinetothenextmusher他musher,Shannon`sfacewasblackfromtheextremecoldShannonD.cross(從表面)47空后afrozenbodyofwatercalledNortonSoundNortonC.dangerous的。策略：利用48空后,NortonSoundwascoveredwithice,whichcouldsometimesbreakupwithoutwarning.NortonSound被覆蓋著冰，這塊冰有時(shí)會沒有任何隨時(shí)破碎。D.die，渴望。策略：利用49空后的完整句。ButSeppalamadeitacross.但是Seppala成功了Cway道路，方法。策略：利用(1)50空前hugepilesofsnowblockedhisAfind51Conditionsweresobadthatitwasimpossibleforhimto51thetrailagain再一次/----找到---(雪橇痕跡)。Baltoputhisnosetotheground,52tofindthesmellofotherdogsthathadtraveledonthetrail在傳遞過程中雪橇痕跡留下的。Arun53Darrived54空后Withinminutes,DrWelchhadthemedicineWithinminutes,DrB.saved救命，。策略：利用55空前,Withinminutes,Dr.Welchhadthemedicine.Hequicklygaveittothesickchildren.Allofthemrecovered.Withinminutes,DrWelch得到藥。他飛快地把藥給生病的孩子們，所有的人都（學(xué)生在教師的指導(dǎo)下,回顧本講中積累的完形填空的知識和方法語篇中積累的詞匯（20個(gè)語篇中的學(xué)到的方法（2種詞）能能cutdueadj.無助的；的；沒用vi.打，打擊；；敲，敲擊；抓；打動vt.打，擊；；撞擊，沖擊；侵襲；打動；到n.；打擊euppickadj.的；極度的；偏激的；盡頭n.；末端；最大程度；的事adj.v.結(jié)冰（ze的過去分詞）；凝固；變得刻adj.的；華麗vt.地面n.pass1.由于大雪,博士需要盡快拿到藥博士需要盡快拿到藥,3.灣被冰雪覆蓋,這些冰可能沒有任何警告地破裂5.唯一的希望是卡森的雪橇前狗——圖,圖把它的鼻子貼在地上,試著找到曾經(jīng)在雪橇痕跡上走過的其接力始于1月27日。第一個(gè)雪橇隊(duì)員——,從內(nèi)尼拉的火車站拿到藥,騎了一整夜。當(dāng)他把藥遞給下一個(gè)雪橇隊(duì)員的時(shí)候,的臉由于極度寒冷都變黑了。完形練習(xí)（2015高考 eDarioandhismotherlovedtheirnewapartment.Thelivingroomwaslargeenoughfortheirpiano.Thatnight,thetwoofthem36sidebysideatthepiano.Theyyedjazzmusictocelebratetheirnewhome.Theloud37filledtheroomandmadethemfeelveryhappy.Thenextmorning,38,theirhappinessdisappeared.Someonehadlefta39undertheirdoorduringthesuperintendentifheknewanythingaboutitButhesaidthattheywereall40peopleandhecouldn’timagineanyofthemhaddonethatLaterthatmorning,Dariosuggestedthattheywritealettertotheir41andapologizefortheirying.“Maybewecouldgoand42everyonein.”hismothersaid.“Whatifweinvitedthemtocomeherefora43instead?DarioTheybothlovedthe .Overthenextfewdays,theysentoutinvitationsandprepareddesserts guests.Theydecoratedtheapartmentwithstreamersandpartylights.Finally,thedayoftheparty .Someguestsbroughtpresents.Othersbroughtflowers.Someevenbroughtdessertsto .Onewoman,Mrs.Gilbert, Dario’smotherwithabookofpianomusicbyChopin.“Iheardyouyingtheothernight,”shesaid.“Thesoundswokemeoutofbed.I thatyoumightylikethiseverynight.SoIwroteashortnote.Ihopeyoudon’tthinkIdislikedtheying.”Dario’smothersdatMrs.Gilbert.“Ithinkmaybewe youanapology.”shesaid.“Ididn’t itwaswhenwewereying.Maybeweshouldysomequietermusicatnight.“Youy,youy!”Mrs.Gilbertsaid.“Ilikewhatyouy!Justnotsoloudatnight.”Shepointedtothebookshehadgiventhem.“Thesesongsarenotsuch “Thesesongsarebeautifulmusic.”Dario’smothersaid.“Wewill toytheminthe“Andwewon’tysoloudorlate!”Dariosaid.Hewasalreadylookingforwardto thenewm