2023年15篇文章貫通四級(jí)詞匯中英對(duì)照

15篇文章貫通四級(jí)詞匯(中英對(duì)照)15篇文章貫通四級(jí)詞匯1、AQuestionofRights

[一項(xiàng)權(quán)利問題]Unfortunately,acrimewasabouttobecommittedbutatthatmomentLesleywasunawareoftheimpending(即將發(fā)生的,逼近的)event,whichwouldaffectherlifesodrastically(極端地,徹底地)forthenextyears.一項(xiàng)犯罪就要得逞了。而不幸的是，就在那時(shí)，萊斯利對(duì)即將發(fā)生的事毫無察覺。這件事將徹底改變她此后兩年的生活。Forthemomentatleast,herholidayatthecottagehadbeenideal.Shehadspentmanyidlehoursrelaxingonthedeck,reading,eatingasandwichwhenshewashungryandintheeveningwatchingtheskyturnfrombrilliantorangetopeachandfinallytopalepurple,eventuallythelightbecomingdim.Itwasaboutthistimethatthemistwouldbegintorisefromthecoolwaterhidinginthedenseforestthathugged(圍繞,擁抱)theshoreline(海岸線).Lateeveningdew(露水)glistened(閃耀,反光)oneverybushandsoontheloons'(潛鳥)callwouldresound(回響)acrossthewater.Shedecidedtotakeonlastdipinthelake.Asthecoolnightairtouchedherarms.Shegavealittleshiveranddecideditwastimetomoveinside.至少在那個(gè)時(shí)候，她在小別墅的假期還是很愜意的。她在平臺(tái)上度過了很多閑適輕松的時(shí)光，讀書、餓了吃塊三明治；晚上，看著天空由鮮橙色變?yōu)樘壹t色，然后變?yōu)榈仙?，最后光線終于黯淡下來。就在這時(shí)，薄霧開始從隱藏在圍繞岸邊的密林里的冷水中升起；再晚些，灌木上的露水開始閃爍，不久，潛水鳥的叫聲就會(huì)在水面上回蕩起來。她決定在湖里最后再泡一會(huì)兒。當(dāng)她的手臂觸到夜晚涼爽的空氣時(shí)，不禁有些發(fā)抖，于是她決定該是回到屋里去的時(shí)候了。ThiswastobeherlasteveningaloneasJeff,herformermate,wouldbereturningZactoherearlyinthemorning.Asthecaseinmanymarriagesthesedays,problemshadarisenbetweenLesleyandJeff,buttheydidnotextendtoZac.Hewasagoodkid,justenteringkindergarten.Thecouplehadcometoamutualagreement,asdictatedbythelegalcustody(監(jiān)管,保管)agreement.ItstatedthateachparentwouldshareZac'scareeverysecondweekendandthishadbeenherweekendtobealone.這是她在家中獨(dú)處的最后一個(gè)晚上，由于她的前夫杰夫會(huì)在早上把扎克送回來。與當(dāng)時(shí)許多婚姻情況同樣，萊斯利和杰夫之間出現(xiàn)了許多問題，但并未影響到扎克。他是個(gè)好孩子，剛剛上幼兒園。他們達(dá)成了一個(gè)依法監(jiān)護(hù)的協(xié)議，協(xié)議規(guī)定雙親每?jī)蓚€(gè)周末輪換照顧孩子，這是她獨(dú)處的周末。Jeffwasanarchitect,withahigh-profilereputation,whoworkedindowntownToronto,apartnerinaprivatecorporationwhichmostlydidconsultantworkfortheuniversity.Lesley’scompanyhadbeenhiredtoadvertisethenewsciencecomplexinordertoraisecorporate(公司的)moneyfortheproposedbuilding.Shelikedherworkandsheharboredasecretambitiontomanageherdivisionofthecompanysomeday.杰夫是個(gè)建筑師，名聲很大，在多倫多市區(qū)工作，是一家私人公司的合作人，該公司重要為大學(xué)做征詢工作。萊斯利的公司已經(jīng)接下了為新的科學(xué)綜合大樓做廣告的工作，以便為計(jì)劃中的大樓籌集合作基金。她喜歡她的工作，并且心懷抱負(fù)：有一天她要管理這個(gè)部門。Afterawhirlwind(旋風(fēng)般的)courtship(求愛,熱戀)andafairytaleweddingthecouplehadsettleddowntoanurbanlifestyle.However,afterthreeyearsandonechildthedreamlikemarriagecamesmashingdown.Onedisadvantage(不利條件)ofbeingyoungandambitious(有抱負(fù)的)wasthatbothofthemneededtodevoteuntoldhourstotheirbusyschedules.Asaresultoftheselatehours,Lesleybecamesuspicious(猜疑的)ofJeff’safterhoursactivities.Sheaccusedhimofmakingherpartofalovetriangle.Thewholemiserablescenewastosettheproceedings(過程,訴訟,訴訟程序)foranugly(不快樂的)divorceinmotion.在一段旋風(fēng)般的熱戀和一個(gè)童話式的婚禮之后，夫妻倆定居下來，過起了都市生活。然而，在過了三年并有了孩子之后，這段夢(mèng)幻般的婚姻開始破裂了。年輕而又雄心勃勃的不利之處，就是兩個(gè)人都要把數(shù)不清的時(shí)間花在忙不完的事業(yè)上。由于經(jīng)常工作到很晚，萊斯利開始懷疑杰夫工作之余的活動(dòng)，她指責(zé)他讓她成了三角愛情的一部分。事情發(fā)展到最痛苦的場(chǎng)面就是提出不快樂的離婚訴訟。Daydreaming(幻想,白日夢(mèng))aboutthoseearlierdayswouldnothelptonight.Sowithashrugofhershouldersshetackledtheadvertisingassignmentsheneededtocomplete.TomorrowwouldbeabusydaywithZacarrivinghome.那些對(duì)最初美好時(shí)光的回憶，對(duì)今夜也無濟(jì)于事。于是，她聳了聳肩，著手解決她必須完畢的廣告業(yè)務(wù)。明天扎克到家后將會(huì)非常忙碌。Thenextday,asthemorningworeon,Lesleybecamemoreandmoreagitated(煩躁),andhermoodbecameapprehensive(憂慮的,不安的),whenJeffdidnotappear.Whennoonhourarrivedandhestillhadnotappeared,shestartedmakingsomephonecalls.NoneoftheirmutualfriendshadeitherseenortalkedwithJeffthatday.Untiltoday,Jeffhadalwaysbeenverypunctualaboutreturningtheboyattheappointedtime.Lesleyfeltaknotforminginherstomachasacrazythoughtpersistedatthebackofhermind.Shewasabsolutelysuresomethingwaswrong.Jeffsatwithhisheadbowed.Hewasundecidedwhattodo.Thedomesticarrangementwithhisformerwifewasprovingtobeawkward.Hewasfrustratedatbeingabletoseehissononlyonweekendsandfelthewasalwaysmakingconcessionstoaccommodate(適應(yīng),遷就)Lesley’sworkschedule.Everymeetingwasturningintoacompetitionfortheboy’saffection.HisonedesirewastotakeZacawayforgood.Theenormousdecisiontoundertakethisplanappearedtobepresentingitself.TodayhewoulddepartforaconferenceinCalifornia.Thisappearedtobeamarvelousopportunitytotaketheboyandleavethecountryforgood.Hebetthathecouldpacksufficientbaggageintohisvehicleandthendisappearsacrosstheborder,gainingentrytheU.S.A.Hegavelittlethoughttowhatsoeverofthefactthisactcouldleadtohisconvictionifhewastrackeddownbythecops.第二天，隨著上午的時(shí)間慢慢逝去，萊斯利越來越感到不安。杰夫沒有出現(xiàn)，她變得焦躁起來。到了中午，他還沒出現(xiàn)，于是她開始打電話。他們共同的朋友都說那天沒看見他，也沒和他通過電話。以前，杰夫總是非常準(zhǔn)時(shí)地將孩子送回來。一種不祥的想法在下意識(shí)地困擾著她，萊斯利感到恐驚。她絕對(duì)肯定是出事了。杰夫低頭坐著，他不知該做些什么。和前妻商定的對(duì)家庭的安排看來是蠢笨的，只能在周末看看兒子令他沮喪極了。為了萊斯利的工作安排，他覺得一直在遷就。每次相見都變成一場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)奪“孩子到底愛誰”的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。他有一個(gè)心愿就是把扎克永遠(yuǎn)帶走，現(xiàn)在就應(yīng)做出實(shí)行這個(gè)計(jì)劃的重大決定了。今天，他要前往加利福尼亞參與一個(gè)會(huì)議，這顯然是一個(gè)帶走孩子，永遠(yuǎn)離開這個(gè)國(guó)家的絕好機(jī)會(huì)。他確信他可以把足夠多的行李裝上車，然后跨過邊境，進(jìn)入美國(guó)后就消失掉。假如被警察抓住，這種行為是可以構(gòu)成犯罪的，可他不再多想了。Meanwhile,forLesleythenightmarecontinuedtounfold(展現(xiàn),顯露)astherealityofthesituationdeepened.After48hours,thespokesmanforthedistrictpolicedepartmentassuredhertheywouldinvestigateZac’sdisappearance.Herfaiththatjusticewouldberealizedwasfaint.Theshockofthepasttwodays’eventsmadeherrealizethatpossiblyhersonwouldbecomeonemorestatisticinthemissingchildrenfile.Thepolicecompletedapreliminarysurveyafteraskinghundredsofdetailed(具體的)questions.Hotlinesprovedfruitless(無結(jié)果的).Meanwhile,overthenextyeartherewerecountlessvisitsandinterviewsatthepolicestationandherhome.ThepoliceappearedtobemakingnoprogressintrackingZac’swhereabouts(行蹤).Asthedayspassed,Lesley’sfrustration(挫敗)mountedandshefeltasenseofalarm.Eventually,shedecidedtotaketheinitiativeincontinuingthesearchandshebegantousewell-establishedchildfindagencies.Attimes,boostedbyhopes,sheappearedtobeontherighttrailwithasenseofdisgust,butherhopesweredashedatthefinalmoment.Theseobstacleshope.AfterZac’spicturewascirculatednationwide,telephonecallsfollowedfromstrangersreportingsightings(被看見的人或事物)ofaZaclookalike.Monthbymonthherplanevolvedintoacampaignequaltoafull-scalebattleplan.Shepaidanexceedinglyhighfeeforspecializedhelp,suchastheservicesofanattorney.LesleybecamedeterminedtotargeteverymajorcitywhereJeffnormallycontractedbusiness.Asthemonthssloppedby,Lesley’sexhaustionbecamenoticeableinhereyes.Hercheeksbecamehollowpits.MostdaysshefeltasthoughshedidnothaveanounceofenergyleftbecauseproofofZac’sexistenceseemedimpossibletofind.Anotheryearpassedandherhopesdimmed.Unexpectedly,lateinAugustapromisingleadbroughthertoLosAngeles.與此同時(shí)，對(duì)于萊斯利，隨著事件真相的不斷進(jìn)一步，惡夢(mèng)也在繼續(xù)顯現(xiàn)。48小時(shí)后，地區(qū)警察部門發(fā)言人向她保證，他們將對(duì)扎克的失蹤展開調(diào)查。她對(duì)正義會(huì)得到伸張的信心減弱了。最近兩天發(fā)生的事使她結(jié)識(shí)到，他的兒子很也許成為失蹤兒童名單中增長(zhǎng)的又一個(gè)新數(shù)字。在詢問了許許多多的細(xì)節(jié)問題之后，警察完畢了初步調(diào)查。熱線電話絲毫沒有結(jié)果。在接下來的一年多時(shí)間里，她在警察局和家中接受了無數(shù)次的訪問和會(huì)見。在尋找禮物的下落上，警察似乎并沒有取得什么進(jìn)展。時(shí)間一天天地過去，萊斯利感到日益失望，她有一種恐慌的感覺。終于，她決定要爭(zhēng)取積極，繼續(xù)找尋，她開始求助于專門的兒童尋找機(jī)構(gòu)。有時(shí)，盡管感到有些厭煩，由于希望的驅(qū)使，她還是加入到搜尋線索的行列，但她的希望都在最后時(shí)刻破滅了。這些挫折只會(huì)令她更堅(jiān)定不放棄尋找或不喪失希望的決心。扎克的照片在全國(guó)傳閱，不斷有陌生人打來電話，報(bào)告說看見了像扎克模樣了人。一月又一月，她參與活動(dòng)的計(jì)劃安排相稱于一場(chǎng)大規(guī)模的戰(zhàn)役部署。她出高薪請(qǐng)專家?guī)兔Γ缙刚?qǐng)代理人為她服務(wù)。萊斯利開始決定在杰夫平日聯(lián)系生意的每一個(gè)重要城市去尋找目的。幾個(gè)月過去了，從萊斯利的眼里，可以明顯感覺到她的確精疲力竭了。她的臉頰深深地凹了下去。大多數(shù)日子里，她覺得仿佛一點(diǎn)兒精力也沒有了，由于證明扎克還在的證據(jù)看來是不也許找到了。Theinteriorofthebarwasdark.HerquesttolocateJeffandZachadtakentwoyears.ShehadpaidprivateinvestigatorsinAmericancurrencytohelpherlocateherex-husband.InherhandbagshecarriedthenecessaryproofthatwouldidentifyhertotheauthoritiesifshewassuccessfulinbeingabletobringZachomeagain,toCanada.Shehadbeenimpatientforthismomenttoarriveforsolongandyetnowshejustwantedtosecurehersonwithaminimumoffuss.Now,rightoncue,atallstrangerslippedintothebarandsatdown.OneglimpsetoldheritwasJeff.Helookedweary(疲勞的)andolderbutdefinitelyfamiliar.Achillranupherspine(脊椎,脊柱).Closetosuccess,sherefusedtoconcededefeat.Itwasthetimetoremedytheenormoussadness.Thistimeshewantedaguaranteeofsuccess.Shestaredstraightaheadwithavacantlook,tryingtograsptheimportantmoment.Vividscenes,fromthepasstwoyears’search,flashed(思想等的閃現(xiàn))throughhermind.又一年過去了，她的希望變得更加渺茫。但出乎意料，八月底，一個(gè)很有希望的線索把她帶到洛杉磯。酒吧里面很暗。追尋杰夫和扎克和下落已經(jīng)花了她現(xiàn)年時(shí)間。她付費(fèi)給在美國(guó)的私家偵察機(jī)構(gòu)，幫她查找前夫的下落。在她的手提包里，有可以向當(dāng)局證明的必要材料，一旦成功，她就可以將扎克帶回家，回到加拿大。她焦急地等待著這一刻的到來已經(jīng)很久了，而現(xiàn)在她只想找回她的兒子，發(fā)行量不要出什么亂子。就在這個(gè)時(shí)候，一個(gè)高個(gè)的陌生人溜進(jìn)酒吧坐下來。她一眼就認(rèn)出那是杰夫。他看起來很疲倦，顯得更蒼老了，但還是相稱熟悉。一陣寒氣掠過她的背脊。立即就要成功了！她拒絕認(rèn)可失敗，這正是治療巨大傷痛的時(shí)刻。這次，她要保證成功。她帶著迷茫的神情凝視著前方，努力要抓住這重要的時(shí)刻。過去兩年的搜尋情景，一幕幕清楚地在她的腦海中閃現(xiàn)。Thefollowingday,happilyforLesley,theheadlineofthelocalpaperread,“Fatherturnsoverchild,Motherslamssystem.”翌日，使萊斯利感到快樂的是本地報(bào)紙的頭條新聞：“父親將孩子送回，母親劇烈抨擊體制”。LesleyandZac’ssubsequentlifecouldnowresumesomeformofnormalcy(正常狀態(tài)),however,thestressandstrainofthepasttwoyearswouldalwaysremainasapartofthisrenewedrelationshipinthememory.至于萊斯利和扎克后來的生活，現(xiàn)在也許恢復(fù)到某種正常狀態(tài)了。然而，過去兩年的壓力和緊張將成為這種重新恢復(fù)起來的關(guān)系中的一部分，永遠(yuǎn)留在記憶里。

2、OneChance

[一次機(jī)會(huì)]Thetinyantiquesilverpinlayinmyhand.Istaredhardatthesolemnfacelookingbackatmefromtheovalframe.Iwaslookingforsomeresemblancebetweenmyancestorandmyself.Herbrowwasbroadandstrong,theeyeskindandforgiving.Sheworeastiffblackbonnet(無邊小圓軟帽),ahighwhitecollarandacoarselywovenshawl(披肩)aroundhershoulders.Inexaminingherfacemoreclosely,maybeIcouldidentifysomesimilarityaroundtheeyesandthenose.AninnerstrengthshonefromtheeyesofthisdiminutiveladywhohadhelpedleadherfamilyfromIrelandtotheNewWorld.那枚小小的舊銀別針就放在我的手上。我緊盯著那張從橢圓形鏡框里反過來看著我的嚴(yán)厲面孔。我在尋找我的祖先和我自己之間的某些相似之處。她的眉毛寬敞濃密，眼睛里溫和慈愛。她戴著一頂繃緊的黑色軟帽，高白領(lǐng)，肩上披著一條做工粗糙的披肩。再近點(diǎn)觀測(cè)她的臉孔，或許我能在眼睛和鼻子周邊辨認(rèn)出一些相似的地方。從這位身材矮小的女士的眼里，透射出一種內(nèi)在的力量，她曾幫助和帶領(lǐng)她的家庭，從愛爾蘭來到了新世界。Thetimes,inIrelandduringthe1770’s,weredifficultforeveryone.JohnandLilyLoveandallthetenants(租地者,佃戶)oftheBarren’sCourtEstateweresufferingafterterriblefloodsdestroyedtheircrops.Thelandlordwasgenerousinallowingthelandrenttofallintoarrears(拖欠,還款),duetothedifficulttimes.However,asweatherconditionscontinuedtoworsen,thelittlefamilybecamepessimisticandfeltdesperateaboutthedirectionoftheirlives.NearlyeveryfamilyatthistimehadatleastonememberoftheirfamilywhohadleftfortheNewWorld.Theuglyfaceoffaminewaslurking(潛藏,潛伏)everywhere.Itwasnotpossiblewithoneacreofarable(可耕作的)landtomakealiving.那時(shí)候，在18世紀(jì)70年代的愛爾蘭，人人處境艱難。一場(chǎng)特大洪水毀掉了他們的莊稼之后，約翰和莉莉·洛夫一家像其他所有的巴倫斯宮廷莊園的佃戶同樣痛苦不堪。莊園主還算慷慨，鑒于這個(gè)艱難時(shí)期，允許佃戶們拖欠租金。然而，天氣狀況連續(xù)惡化，這個(gè)小家庭變得悲觀起來，對(duì)他們的生活前程感到絕望。那個(gè)時(shí)候，幾乎每個(gè)家庭至少有一名家庭成員出走前往新世界。飽受饑荒之苦的憔悴面容到處都是，要靠一英畝耕地生活是不也許的。Lateonenight,afterthechildrenwereinbed,JohnandLilydiscussedthepossibilityofmakingareservationaboardasailingshipboundforAmerica.Johnhadnoticedaposterinthetownsquare,thatpostedbyaship’sownertryingtorecruitpeopleforhisship.JohnknewthatconditionsaboardshipwouldnotbeidealforLily,hernewinfantsonandthetwoelderboys;however,sheacknowledgedthatsettlinginAmericawouldbetheonlywayforthefamilytogainsomeindependenceandtoearnaliving.Moreimportantly,itwasrumoredthatlandwasfreeinthenewcountry.Lilygaveherconsenttoleave.一天夜里，孩子們?nèi)胨院?，約翰和莉莉討論起預(yù)定船只前往美國(guó)的也許性。就在當(dāng)天，約翰在市鎮(zhèn)廣場(chǎng)上看到一張海報(bào)，是船主張貼出來招攬乘客的。約翰知道船上的條件對(duì)莉莉不大合適，她有一個(gè)剛出生的嬰兒和兩個(gè)大點(diǎn)的男孩。但是，她認(rèn)為在美國(guó)定居將是這個(gè)家庭取得獨(dú)立和謀生的唯一出路。更重要的是，據(jù)說在那個(gè)新國(guó)家土地是免費(fèi)的。莉莉也贊成出去。Inport,thesailingship,Hannah,underthecommandofCaptainMitchelllayatanchor.TheadventureofcrossingtheAtlanticOceanboundforPhiladelphiawouldtaketwotothreemonths.Passengerswereassuredtherewouldbethebestprovisionsandplentyofbarrelsoffreshwater.Stormscouldbefierceandlivingconditionsbelowdeckwouldbeprimitive.Johnjoinedthelongqueueandeventuallyafteralengthywait,reachedtherevenuetable.Heaffixed(簽署名字)hissignaturetothecontractpromisingtopayfivepoundsperpersonforberths(臥鋪)aboardship.TheclerkreturnedthereceipttoJohnindicatingthatthesumofmoneyhadbeenpaid.在港口，那艘帆船“漢納”號(hào)，在米切爾船長(zhǎng)的指揮下，正拋錨停泊?？缭酱笪餮笄巴M(fèi)城的冒險(xiǎn)要花兩到三個(gè)月。乘客們被許諾有最佳的食品供應(yīng)和充足的淡水。暴風(fēng)雨也許很劇烈，甲板下面的生活條件將是很單調(diào)的。約翰加入到了那長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的隊(duì)列里，等了很久以后，終于來到付款臺(tái)前。他在協(xié)議上簽了字，按規(guī)定為乘坐那艘船的每個(gè)人付5英鎊。辦事員為約翰開了收據(jù)，表達(dá)錢已付清。Onceundersailthethreehundredpassengersfoundthemselvescrowdedintomiserableconditions.Thesmellofsomanypeoplecrowdedtogetherwasoffensive.Thebreadthofthevesselwasnarrowandtheheadroom(凈空,頭上空間)belowdeckminimal.可是一上船，三百名乘客發(fā)現(xiàn)船上非常擁擠，條件很惡劣。這么多人擠在一起，氣味簡(jiǎn)直讓人受不了。船艙狹窄又很低矮。AsthetinycraftsailedoutofLoughFoyle,andenteredtheAtlanticOcean,itstartedtorollominously(不吉利的)andthoseaboardwonderediftheywouldsurvivethelongvoyageaheadorbeswallowedupbytheenormouswaves.Seasickness(暈船)waseverywhereandpeoplehadnoappetite.Thefood,insteadofbeingofhighqualityaspromised,wastoooftenrottenandthewaterwasbrackish(有咸味的).小船駛離洛夫福伊進(jìn)入大西洋的時(shí)候，就開始不祥地?fù)u擺起來，船上的人緊張他們是否可以安全完畢航程還是會(huì)被巨浪吞噬。到處都是暈船的，人們沒有食欲。伙食沒有承諾的那么好，還經(jīng)常是腐爛的，水也有咸味。Eventually,thewindslessenedandtheCaptainwasabletosethissightstowardsAmericaandbecomeablysteeringtheshiponanevencourse(航線).Eightweekslater,plusonday,theHannahmadelandfall(著陸)andtheLovefamilydisembarked(離船上岸)inAmericaandbecameAmericannewestimmigrants.Gazingatthemainlandaftersomanydaysofsailingwasindeedaglorioussight.Thedifficultdaysaboardshipseemedworthwhile.Portershurriedalongthedockspushingbaggage.Littlegirlswithribbonsintheirhairscannedtheship’sdeckshopingtogetafirstglimpseoftheirfatherarriving.ItseemedtoLilythatittookforevertoregisterandtopassthroughimmigration.終于風(fēng)浪減弱了，船長(zhǎng)可以看準(zhǔn)美國(guó)的方向，成功地駕船工行駛在安靜的航線上。八個(gè)星期零一天之后，“漢納”號(hào)靠岸，洛夫一家在美國(guó)登陸，成為美國(guó)最早的移民。通過這么多天的航行，凝視著這片大地，的確令人心曠神怡?？磥碓诖线^的那些艱苦的日子還是值得的。碼頭上的搬運(yùn)工在忙著搬運(yùn)營(yíng)李。頭發(fā)上帶著絲帶的小姑娘們環(huán)視著甲板，希望第一眼看到他們到來的父親。對(duì)于莉莉來說，登記和辦理移民手續(xù)仿佛沒完沒了。Johnsaidthathewouldgoaheadtoscoutoutsomelandinthefarwestofthestate.HewouldpushontothefrontierwithabunchofotherIrishchaps.Lilyandthechildrencouldfollowmoreslowly,harnessingthehorseandcarttoconveytheirscanty(貧乏的,少的)possessions.Thestuffinthecartwouldincludeakettle,dishes,blankets,achair,abucketandanaxe.約翰說他要先出發(fā)，在這個(gè)州遙遠(yuǎn)的西部找一些土地。他和一幫愛爾蘭小伙子一起趕往邊疆。莉莉和孩子們可以在后面慢慢地跟，坐馬車把他們僅有的一點(diǎn)家產(chǎn)運(yùn)來。車上的那些東西涉及一個(gè)壺、一個(gè)盤子、毯子、一把椅子、一個(gè)提桶和一把斧頭。Therewasaperceptionbythegovernmentatthistimethatthefeisty(易怒的,好斗的)Irishwouldresistanyhostilenativesrefusingtoretreatandthusmaintainingthewesternboundary.TheIrish,too,werepleasedtosettleasfarawayfromthegovernmentaspossible.Insteadofpurchasingland,theywould“squat(占據(jù))”onthepropertyerectingonlyatemporary,humblesheltertostaveoff(遮擋)theweather.Oncetheirfamiliesarrived,theywouldinspirethementobuildpropercabins.Neitherfancynorelegant,theselogstructureswouldbetheirfirstrealhomes.Propertyboundariesatthistimewerenotmarkedoutwithironrodsorstakesinastandardfashion,butratherdesignated(標(biāo)明,標(biāo)出)bynaturalobjectssuchasrocks,treesandcreeks.Confusionanddisputesmustoftenhavefollowedlater,whenthesesurveypointsdisappeared.AfterexploringtheareaaroundShirley’sburg,JohnandhissonsrodeoverSandyRidgetosurveythepropertybelowBlack那時(shí)候，政府認(rèn)為，好斗的愛爾蘭人會(huì)抵抗那些有敵意的本地人，拒絕妥協(xié)讓步，以保住西部邊疆。而愛爾蘭人也樂得盡量遠(yuǎn)離政府定居。不需要購買，他們只要支起一個(gè)能遮蔽風(fēng)雨的臨時(shí)簡(jiǎn)陋住所，就算占用了這片土地。一旦家人到達(dá)，他們會(huì)鼓勵(lì)男人們建造合適的房屋。既不奇特也不優(yōu)雅，這些原木結(jié)構(gòu)的建筑物將是他們第一個(gè)真正的家。那時(shí)，地產(chǎn)邊界不是用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的鐵棍或木樁來做標(biāo)志，而是用象巖石、樹木和小溪等自然物來界定。后來由于這些測(cè)量點(diǎn)消失了，混亂和爭(zhēng)執(zhí)時(shí)常發(fā)生。Atthetime,drumswereusedtoforewarn(預(yù)先警告)thatthenativesweregoingtocapturetheforts(城堡),whichguardedthewesternfrontier.Dailylifeinthisnewland,fortheearlysettlers,washarshanddifficult.Firsttheyneededtotametheland,choppingdowntrees,inordertobeabletoplantcrops.Attimestheyneededtodefendtheirlandandbewary(機(jī)警的)ofattacksfromwildanimals,suchaswolvesandbears.Mosquitobitescausedseverereactionsofswellinganditchiness(癢癢).Oncetheworkwasdone,neighborswouldgatherforanoccasionalsocialfunction.Thechildrenwouldplayforhourschasingbutterfliesandlookingforbirds’nests.Theboyswouldcatchfrogsandthentease(戲弄)thegirlswiththem.Therewouldbeadeliciouspicniclunchspreadonthegrass.JohnaskedLilytobringsomefreshlysqueezedlemonjuiceforthepicnic.Hefoundthesourtasteoflemonade(檸檬汽水)wasrefreshingonahotsummer’sday.Someofthemenwouldhaveadrinkofhomemade(自制的)inthemoonshinebeforestrikingupatuneonthefiddle(小提琴).Squaredancingwaspopularamongtheyoungpeopleandtheyoungladswouldleapuptodancewiththeeligible(中意的,合格的)youngladies.Rivalsforayounglady’shandinmarriagewouldtendtocompetetowalkherhomeattheendofanevening.Theromantictimeswerefewandcontrastedsharplywiththesternrealityofeverydaylife.在探究了歇里斯伯格周邊的地區(qū)之后，約翰和他的兒子們翻過桑迪山脈，在布萊克拉格山下面勘察了土地，他們決定就在這條狹長(zhǎng)的山谷里定居下來。因此這個(gè)山谷被稱為洛夫山谷，直到今天還這樣叫。那時(shí)候，當(dāng)土著人來奪取防護(hù)西部邊界的那些城堡時(shí)，他們就使用鼓聲作為預(yù)先的示警。在這塊新土地上的平常生活對(duì)于初期的定居者來說是非常艱辛和困苦的。一方面，他們需要開墾土地，砍倒樹木，以便可以種上莊稼。有時(shí)，他們需要保衛(wèi)他們的土地，提防狼和熊等野獸的襲擊以及蚊子叮咬導(dǎo)致的腫痛和奇癢。干完活后，鄰居們偶爾會(huì)聚在一起舉行社交活動(dòng)。孩子們會(huì)玩上好幾個(gè)小時(shí)，去捕蝴蝶，掏鳥窩，男孩子們會(huì)逮青蛙去捉弄女孩們，尚有布置在草地上的美味午餐。約翰叫莉莉?yàn)橐安蛶ヒ恍r榨檸檬汁，他發(fā)現(xiàn)檸檬的酸味在炎熱的夏天令人清爽，使人振奮。月光下，有的人還會(huì)來一杯自家釀的酒，然后便趁興用小提琴拉上一曲。青年人中很流行方塊舞，年輕的小伙子們就會(huì)跳出來與中意的姑娘們一起跳舞。晚上，向姑娘們求婚的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手們往往會(huì)競(jìng)相來到她們的家里。浪漫的時(shí)候雖然很少，但卻和天天嚴(yán)酷的現(xiàn)實(shí)生活形成鮮明的對(duì)照。NeighborswerealsofewandLilyfoundshewasverylonely.Shelookedforwardtotheoccasionalvisitsoftheminister,RobertAyers,whowasaMethodistcircuitrider.Meetingswouldbeheldinfieldsorsmallbarns,threetofourtimesayear.Atothertimesneighborwomenfromoverthemountainwouldmeettomakequilts(被子),blanketsandcushionsandtogossip(聊天)abouttheirrespectivelives.Theywouldsharetheirsecretfearsregardingtheirnewlives,theirhopesfortheirchildren’sfutureandenjoyeachother’scompanionship(友誼,伴侶關(guān)系).鄰居也很少，莉莉覺得孤獨(dú)。她盼望著衛(wèi)理公會(huì)教派騎馬巡回的羅伯特?埃亞牧師的偶爾造訪。一年有三、四次在田地里或小庫房進(jìn)行集會(huì)。此外，有時(shí)候，翻山過來的鄰家婦女會(huì)聚在一起做被子，織地毯和墊子，聊聊各自生活中的瑣事。他們分擔(dān)著對(duì)新生活的暗自緊張，對(duì)孩子前程的殷切盼望，并為互相間的友誼快樂不已。TwentyyearsslippedbyandJohnLovediedattheearlyageof47.Severalyearslater,sonJamesandhisfamily,aswellaswidowLily,hisMother,madethedecisiontoleavePennsylvaniaandsettleinCanada.Theymadethearduous(困難的,艱巨的)trek(旅行)overIndiantrails,crossingtheNiagaraRivertosettleinwhatwenowcallOntario.2023過去了，約翰洛夫在47歲時(shí)就過早地去世了。幾年后，兒子詹姆斯和他的家庭，尚有他的母親——寡婦莉莉，決定離開賓夕法尼亞到加拿大定居。他們通過艱難跋涉，沿著印第安人的足跡，渡過尼亞加拉河，在今天我們稱之為安大略的地方定居下來。IamaCanadian.Havingtracedmyrootsandfollowedinthefootstepsoftheseearlysettlers,Ifeelasenseofgratitudetomyancestorswhofacedextremedifficultiesandseverehardshiptosettleinanewland.Liberty,thenandintoday’sworld,isapricelessinheritance(遺產(chǎn)).Oncemore,Iglancedatthesilverpinbeforereturningittothevelvet(絲絨的)box.Onceagain,Iquestioned,“WhatdidIinheritfrommyLoveancestors?”Irealizetheanswerhasbeenrevealedwhilewritingthisstory.Ihavedetermination,strength,loyaltyandaloveofadventure.Thisismyinheritance.我是加拿大人。追根溯源，沿著這些初期移民的足跡，一種感激之情油然而生。我的祖先們面對(duì)艱難困苦，克服重重困難才在這片土地上定居下來。不管那時(shí)還是現(xiàn)在，自由都是寶貴的遺產(chǎn)。在把那枚銀別針放回絲絨盒之前，我又看了它一眼。我再次問到：“我從洛夫祖先那里繼承了什么呢？”在寫這個(gè)故事的時(shí)候，我知道我有了答案。我所擁有的決心、力量、忠誠(chéng)和對(duì)冒險(xiǎn)的熱愛就是我繼承到的遺產(chǎn)。

3-4、AManandHisCastle

[一個(gè)大人物和他的城堡]LaCuestaEncantada(TheEnchanted[使用魔法迷惑]Castle)isoneofthemostremarkabledisplaysofpowerandpassionintheworld.ThismarveloustouristsitenowknownasHearstSanSimeonStateHistoricalMonumentisbetterknownasHearstCastle.ItislocatedsixhourssouthofSanFranciscoandfivehoursnorthof魔幻城堡是世界上最著名的展示才干與激情的名勝之一。這個(gè)奇跡般的游覽地，就是現(xiàn)在著名的赫斯特圣西蒙國(guó)家歷史博物館，它作為赫斯特城堡，則更為有名。它位于舊金山以南6小時(shí)、洛杉磯以北5小時(shí)車程的地方。這座隱蔽在圣路易斯?奧比斯波郡北部群山之中的綜合建筑有165個(gè)房間，占地127英畝，有花園、游廊、水池、噴泉和小徑，每年吸引大約80萬名游客來到這里。要了解這座城堡，你就得了解建造它的那個(gè)人——威廉·倫道夫·赫斯特，而要了解這個(gè)人，你就得了解他把夢(mèng)想建在其上的這塊土地。BornonApril29,1863,WilliamRandolphHearstwastheonlychildofGorgeHearstandhiswife,Phoebe.Georgewasamultimillionaire(千萬富翁)whoamassed(積聚)hisfortunethroughpartnerships(合作關(guān)系)inthreeoftheeverlargestminingdiscoveriesofcopper,silver,andgoldores.In1865,Georgebegantoaccumulateparcelsoflandbyobtaining46,000acresofthePiedraBlancoRanchonCalifornia’sCentral威廉·倫道夫·赫斯，生于1863年4月29日，是喬治?赫斯特和他的妻子菲比唯一的孩子。喬治是一個(gè)千萬富翁，他通過合作參與三個(gè)曾經(jīng)是最大的銅礦、銀礦和金礦的發(fā)現(xiàn)和開采，積聚起大量財(cái)富。1865年，喬治得到了在加利福尼亞海岸的46000英畝的皮亞得拉布蘭可牧場(chǎng)，開始積聚大片土地。在那里，他開始了對(duì)養(yǎng)牛場(chǎng)的成功經(jīng)營(yíng)，并最終將它擴(kuò)大到沿著50英里海岸的250，000英畝。Williamlovedtheranchwherehespenthissummervacationsasayoungsterandayouth,playingintheruggedcanyons(峽谷),descendingthecliffsandcampingincolorfulArab-styletentsinthemountainswithhisfamily.威廉熱愛這個(gè)青年時(shí)期渡過暑假的牧場(chǎng)。在崎嶇不平的溪谷里游玩，攀登懸崖，和家人一起在山里華美的阿拉伯式的帳篷里野營(yíng)。Phoebewasdelightedinexposingherdarlingchildtothebeautiesandwondersoftheworldandsparednoexpensedoingso.Duringoneoftheiradventures,an18-monthtourofthehistoricpalacesandcastlesofEurope,Williambeganalifelongloveofcollecting.Withhisfirstacquisitions,Germanpicturebooks,heembarked(著手,開始工作)ona78-yearsessionofexcessivespending.Heconfessedtoaloveofthefinerthingsinlifeand,ashehadabottomless(不見底的)purse,wouldneverdenyhimselfanythinghewanted.菲比很喜歡讓她心愛的孩子去結(jié)識(shí)這個(gè)美麗而奇妙的世界，花費(fèi)多少都無所謂。在一次冒險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)期間，他們用18個(gè)月游覽了歐洲歷史上著名的宮殿和城堡，從那時(shí)起威廉開始養(yǎng)成收集的終身愛好。他從最初收集德國(guó)的圖畫書開始，進(jìn)行了長(zhǎng)達(dá)78年的超級(jí)消費(fèi)。他認(rèn)可一生中對(duì)精美物品的癡迷和熱愛，并且由于有一個(gè)用不完的錢包，他對(duì)想要的任何東西從不吝惜金錢。In1887,whileWilliamwasatHarvardUniversity,hedecidedtotakeoverthesmallnewspaper,theSanFranciscoExaminer,whichhisfatherhadacceptedaspaymentforagambling(賭博)debtseveralyearsearlier.Georgewouldhavepreferredthathissonbeinvolvedintheminingandranchinginterests,butWilliamdeclinedthisofferandwasgivenownershipoftheExaminerinMarch1887.Hewasdeterminedtoincreasethepopularity(普遍,流行)ofthepaperandacquirethebestequipmentandwritersavailable.William’sresolvetosucceedinspiredhimtopublishjuicy(有趣的)talesofviceandstoriesfullofdramaandmotivation(積極性,動(dòng)機(jī)).In1895,hepurchasedtheNewYorkMorningJournal,puttinghimindirectcompetitionwiththedistinguished(杰出的)JosephPulitzerandacirculation(傳播,發(fā)行)warbegan.1887年，當(dāng)威廉在哈佛大學(xué)讀書時(shí)，他決定接管一家小報(bào)紙《舊金山問詢報(bào)》，幾年前他的父親將其作為一筆賭債接受了下來。喬治更希望他的兒子把愛好放在采礦和經(jīng)營(yíng)牧場(chǎng)上，但威廉拒絕了這個(gè)建議并于1887年3月接手成為《問詢報(bào)》的主人。他決定購置最佳的設(shè)備，邀請(qǐng)最佳的作者撰稿，提高報(bào)紙的聲望。威廉渴望成功的決心，促使他出版有趣的下流傳聞和充滿戲劇性、引人入勝的故事。1895年，他買下《紐約晨報(bào)》，與著名的約瑟夫?普利策展開直接的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，開始了一場(chǎng)擴(kuò)大發(fā)行量的商戰(zhàn)。BoththeHearstandPulitzernewspapersstartedtoincludesensational(聳人聽聞的)storiesabouttheCubanInsurrection(起義).ThestoriesgreatlyexaggeratedclaimsofSpanishtroopsplacingCubansinconcentrationcamps,forcingthemtoliveundersubstandardconditions,disease-ridden,starvinganddying.Thisstyleofreportingbecameknownas“YellowJournalism(新聞事件)”.Thenewspapersweretransformedasthescopeofthenewsbroadenedandbecamelessconservative.Circulationsoaredasthepubliccouldgetenoughofthebannerheadlinesandabundantillustrations.Atthetime,manypeoplebelievedWilliamactuallymighthaveinitiated(開始,發(fā)動(dòng))theSpanish-AmericanWartoencouragesales.Accordingtoonereport,whenoneofhiscorrespondents,FrederickRemington,requestedtoreturnfromHavana,WilliamrespondedthatifRemingtonwouldfurnishthepictures,Williamwouldfurnishthewar.Hewasoncequotedinaneditorialassaying,“MakethenewsthoroughPrintallthenews.Condenseitifnecessary.Frequentlyitisbetterwhenintelligently(聰明的)condensed.”赫斯特和普利策的報(bào)紙都開始刊登有關(guān)古巴起義的聳人聽聞的故事。這些故事極大地夸大了西班牙部隊(duì)的行為：他們把古巴人關(guān)進(jìn)集中營(yíng)，迫使他們?cè)趷毫拥臈l件下生活，飽受疾病、饑餓和死亡的折磨。這種報(bào)道形式成了有名的“黃色新聞”。報(bào)紙?jiān)谙驍U(kuò)大新聞范圍方面轉(zhuǎn)變，并變得不那么保守了。由于可以使公眾獲得足夠的頭條新聞和豐富的插圖，發(fā)行量激增。那時(shí)，很多人相信威廉事實(shí)上也許會(huì)發(fā)動(dòng)西班牙——美國(guó)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)以增長(zhǎng)發(fā)行量。據(jù)一篇報(bào)道說，當(dāng)他的一個(gè)通訊記者弗雷德里克雷明頓請(qǐng)求從哈瓦那回來時(shí)，威廉回答說假如雷明頓能提供圖片，他就可以發(fā)起這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。曾有一篇社論引用過他的格言：“跟蹤新聞到底。報(bào)道所有新聞。必要時(shí)濃縮新聞。濃縮后的新聞經(jīng)常更杰出?！盇notherclassicexampleofhisinfluenceoccurredwhen;merelymonthsafterheadvocatedpoliticalassassination(暗殺)inaneditorial,AmericanPresidentMcKinleywasassassinated.Asanintelligentanddynamicbusinessman,Williamgeneratedincreasedreadershipbyemployingsomeofthemosttalented(天才的)writersintheUnitedStates,recruitingfiguresfromtheliterarycommunity,likeMarkTwainandStephenCrane,andthepreviouslymentionedillustrator,FrederickRemington.Healsoshowedhisinitiativewhenhecharteredayacht(快艇),equippeditasaminiature(小型的)newspaperheadquarters,anchoredoffthecoastofCuba,andledhisarmyofreportersintothefield.關(guān)于受他影響的另一個(gè)典型例子是，他在一篇社論中鼓吹政治暗殺，僅僅幾個(gè)月后，麥金利總統(tǒng)就遇刺身亡。作為一個(gè)聰明能干的商人，威廉通過雇傭美國(guó)最有才華的作者，從文學(xué)團(tuán)隊(duì)中聘用大人物，像馬克?吐溫和斯蒂芬·克萊恩，以及前面提到過的插圖畫家弗雷德里克?雷明頓，造就了不斷增長(zhǎng)的讀者群。他還顯示了他的創(chuàng)新能力。當(dāng)時(shí)，他包租了一條游艇，把裝備成一個(gè)小型的報(bào)社總部，停在古巴海岸邊，讓他的采訪隊(duì)伍進(jìn)入戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)。William’sinterestsledhimtofollowinhisfather’sfootsteps,inspiringhimtoenterintopolitics.HewaselectedtotheU.S.CongressasasenatorrepresentingtheStateofNewYorkin1902andserveduntil1907.HewasacandidatefortheofficeofmayorofNewYorkCityandgovernorofNewYork威廉的愛好愛好引領(lǐng)他、激勵(lì)他繼承父業(yè)進(jìn)入政界。192023作為紐約州的代表，他以參議員的身份被選進(jìn)美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)，一起任職到192023。他還是紐約市市長(zhǎng)和紐約州州長(zhǎng)職位的候選人，但兩次努力都失敗了。WhilehoneymooninginEuropeafterhismarriagetoMillicentWilsonin1903,heexpandedhispublishingempirewithMotorMagazine.TheHearstCorporationgrewtocompriseatotalof12newspapers,includingtheExaminer,and25magazines,includingCosmopolitan.Notsatisfiedwithjusthispublishingenterprises,heexpandedhisbusinessoperationsintoradio,andlaterproducedmovienewsreels(新聞紀(jì)錄片).

(ToBeContinued)192023與米莉森特?威爾遜結(jié)婚。在歐洲渡蜜月期間，他以《汽車雜志》擴(kuò)張他出版帝國(guó)的疆土。赫斯特公司迅速成長(zhǎng)以來，總共有涉及《問詢報(bào)》在內(nèi)的12種報(bào)紙，和涉及《大都會(huì)》在內(nèi)的25種雜志。他并不滿足于出版行業(yè)，還把他的事業(yè)擴(kuò)展到電臺(tái)，后來還生產(chǎn)新聞?dòng)涗浧?。（待續(xù)）Thisinfluentialmediagiantwasnotwithouthisfaults.Hisprejudiceswerecommonknowledge.Hiscareerwasblemished(玷污)byhisoffensiveremarksaboutSpaniards,Japanese,Filipinos,andRussians.Heprintedlies,forgeddocuments,falsified(歪曲)storiesofviolence,wroteprovocativeeditorials,andpublishedsensationalcartoonsandphotographstosupporthisopinions.這個(gè)有巨大影響的媒體巨人也不是沒有缺陷。他的偏見是眾所周知的。他對(duì)西班牙人、日本人、菲律賓人和俄羅斯人的襲擊性評(píng)論是對(duì)他職業(yè)的玷污。為支持自己的觀點(diǎn)，他刊載謊言，偽造文獻(xiàn)，編選暴力故事，寫煽動(dòng)性的社論，出版蠱惑人心的卡通和照片。Williamhatedminorities.Hetookadvantageofeveryopportunitytoheightenracialtensions.HisrealmotiveforhishatredofMexicansmayhavebeenthelossof800,000acresofprimetimberlandtotheMexicanoutlaw(逃犯),PanchoVilla.Hispapersdescribedthemasmarijuana-smoking,job-stealing,lazy,wicked,andviolentdegenerates(墮落).SomesuggesthesawtheMexic