高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解專(zhuān)題訓(xùn)練

------------------------------------------------------------------------一切為了學(xué)生的發(fā)展一切為了家長(zhǎng)的心愿高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解專(zhuān)題訓(xùn)練高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解專(zhuān)題訓(xùn)練（第2套）第一節(jié)：閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。A(words:311&225)TheBritishNationalHealthService(NHS)wassetupin1948andwasdesignedtoprovideequalbasichealthcare,freeofcharge,foreverybodyinthecountry.Beforethistimehealthcarehadtobepaidforbyindividuals.NowadayscentralgovernmentisdirectlyresponsiblefortheNHSalthoughitisadministeredbylocalhealthauthorities.About83percentofthecostofthehealthserviceispaidforbygeneraltaxationandtherestismetfromtheNationalInsurancecontributionspaidbythoseinwork.Therearechargesforprescriptionanddentalcarebutmanypeople,suchaschildren,pregnantwomen,pensioners,andthoseonIncomeSupport,areexemptfrompayment.Mostpeopleareregisteredwithalocaldoctor(aGP,orGeneralPractitioner)whoisincreasinglylikelytobepartofahealthcentrewhichservesthecommunity.AsthepopulationofBritaingetsolder,thehospitalservicenowtreatsmorepatientsthanbefore,althoughpatientsspendlesstimeinhospital.NHShospitals—manyofwhichwerebuiltinthenineteenthcentury—providenearlyhalfamillionbedsandhaveover480,000medicalstaff.TheNHSisthebiggestemployerinEuropealthoughBritainactuallyspendslessperpersononhealthcarethanmostofherEuropeanneighbours.Duringthe1980stherewasconsiderablerestructuringoftheHealthServicewithanincreasedemphasisonmanagerialefficiencyandtheprivatizationofsomeservices(forexample,cleaning).Attheendofthe1980sthegovernmentintroducedproposalsforfurtherreformoftheNHS,includingallowingsomehospitalstobeself-governing,andencouragingGPstocompeteforpatients.PatientswouldbeabletochooseandchangetheirfamilydoctormoreeasilyandGPswouldhavemorefinancialresponsibility.ThepoliticalquestionscontinueofhowmuchmoneyshouldbeprovidedtosupporttheNHSandwhereitshouldcomefrom.41.Wecanknowfromthefirstparagraphthat______________.A.theoriginalaimoftheNHSwastoprovideequalbasichealthcareforeverybodyB.peopledidn’thavetopayforhealthcaresincetheNHSwassetupC.patientswerechargedforreceivinghealthcarebefore1948D.theNHSwasanorganizationwhichgavefreeadvicetovillagers42.WhatdoweknowabouttheNHS?A.It’smanagedbythecentralgovernment.B.ItscostismainlypaidforbytheNationalInsurancecontributions.C.IthiresmorepeoplethananyotherunitinEurope.D.Fewerpatientsgotoitshospitalsthanbeforebecausetheyspendlessonhealthcare.43.AllthefollowingstatementsaboutGPsaretrueexceptthatthey____________.A.takecareofthelocalpeople’shealthB.oftentakepartincompetitionstoseewhoisthebestC.workunderhighpressurenowadaysD.havemoreresponsibilitiesthanbefore44.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exempt”probablymean?A.suffering B.different C.prevented D.free45.ThebiggestproblemfortheNHSis______________.A.manyhospitalsaretoooldtobeusedB.someservicesareinthechargeofindividualsC.moreandmorepatientsgotoGPsfortreatmentD.thereisnotenoughmoneyforfurtherreform【答案與解析】41—45CCBDD 國(guó)家保健中心由中央政府直接負(fù)責(zé)，但由地方當(dāng)局管理。建立國(guó)家保健中心的最初目的是為農(nóng)村居民提供免費(fèi)的基本健康護(hù)理，尤其兒童、孕婦等可享受免費(fèi)治療。41.C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一自然段最后一句可知，建立國(guó)家保健中心的最初目的是為農(nóng)村居民提供免費(fèi)的基本健康護(hù)理，而不是針對(duì)所有的人，所以前兩項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。42.C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第4自然段“TheNHSisthebiggestemployerinEurope…”可知。從第二自然段第一句可以看出國(guó)家保健中心由中央政府直接負(fù)責(zé)，但由地方當(dāng)局管理，所以A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。43.B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一自然段話(huà)“andencouragingGPstocompeteforpatients”可知政府鼓勵(lì)全科醫(yī)生之間相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，而不是讓他們進(jìn)行競(jìng)賽，看誰(shuí)的醫(yī)術(shù)高明。44.D。猜測(cè)詞義題。前面提到醫(yī)生開(kāi)藥方及給病人治療牙病需要收費(fèi)，再結(jié)合but一詞可推斷兒童、孕婦等可享受免費(fèi)治療。45.D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一自然段最后一句可知。B（words:281&217）Solongasteachersfailtodistinguishbetweenteachingandlearning,theywillcontinuetoundertaketodoforchildrenthatwhichonlychildrencandoforthemselves.Teachingchildrentoreadisnotpassingreadingontothem.Itiscertainlynotendlesshoursspentinactivitiesaboutreading.Douglasinsiststhat“readingcannotbetaughtdirectlyandschoolsshouldstoptryingtodotheimpossible”.Teachingandlearningaretwoentirelydifferentprocesses.Theydifferinkindandfunction.Thefunctionofteachingistocreatetheconditionsandtheclimatethatwillmakeitpossibleforchildrentodevisethemostefficientsystemforteachingthemselvestoread.Teachingisalsopublicactivity.Itcanbeseenandobserved.Learningtoreadinvolvesallthateachindividualdoestomakesenseoftheworldofprintedlanguage.Almostallofitisprivate,forlearningisanoccupationofthemind,andthatprocessisnotopentopublicscrutiny.Ifteacherandlearnerrolesarenotinterchangeable,whatthencanbedonethroughteachingthatwillaidthechildinthequest（探索）forknowledge?Smithhasoneprincipalruleforallteachinginstructions.“Makelearningtoreadeasy,whichmeansmakingreadingameaningful,enjoyableandfrequentexperienceforchildren.”Whentherolesofteacherandlearnerareseenforwhattheyare,andwhenbothteacherandlearnerfulfillthemappropriately,thenmuchofthepressureandfeelingoffailureforbothiseliminated.Learningtoreadismadeeasierwhenteacherscreateanenvironmentwherechildrenaregiventheopportunitytosolvetheproblemofleaningtoreadbyreading.46．Theproblemwiththereadingcourseasmentionedinthefirstparagraphisthat_______________.A.itisoneofthemostdifficultschoolcoursesB.studentsspendendlesshoursinreadingC.readingtasksareassignedwithlittleguidanceD.toomuchtimeisspentinteachingaboutreading47．Theteachingofreadingwillbesuccessfulif_______________.A.teacherscanimproveconditionsatschoolforthestudentsB.teacherscanenablestudentstodeveloptheirownwayofreadingC.teacherscandevisethemostefficientsystemforreadingD.teacherscanmaketheirteachingactivitiesobservable48．Theunderlinedword“scrutiny”mostprobablymeans“______________”.A.inquiryB.observationC.controlD.suspicion49．Accordingtothepassage,learningtoreadwillnolongerbeadifficulttaskwhen______________.A.childrenbecomehighlymotivatedB.teacherandlearnerrolesareinterchangeableC.teachinghelpschildreninthesearchforknowledgeD.readingenricheschildren’sexperience50．Themainideaofthepassageisthat______________.A.teachersshoulddoaslittleaspossibleinhelpingstudentslearntoreadB.teachersshouldencouragestudentstoreadaswidelyaspossibleC.readingabilityissomethingacquiredratherthantaughtD.readingismorecomplicatedthatgenerallybelieved【答案與解析】46—50DBBAC本文是一篇議論文，在對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的閱讀教學(xué)方式進(jìn)行批判的同時(shí)，論述了作者自己閱讀的教學(xué)觀：閱讀的教與學(xué)是兩個(gè)完全不同的過(guò)程。教學(xué)的任務(wù)是為學(xué)生能夠找出自己最有效的自學(xué)閱讀的方法創(chuàng)造條件和氛圍。學(xué)生的閱讀能力并不是通過(guò)教師教就能掌握的；教師應(yīng)做的是給學(xué)生創(chuàng)造一個(gè)好的環(huán)境和條件，激發(fā)學(xué)生閱讀的渴望，培養(yǎng)出良好的閱讀習(xí)慣、方法。只有這樣，學(xué)生才能掌握閱讀技能，提高閱讀水平。46．D。推理判斷題。依據(jù)文章第一自然段第3行“Itiscertainlynotendlesshoursspentinactivitiesaboutreading..”（教學(xué)生如何閱讀當(dāng)然不是帶著學(xué)生花費(fèi)大量的時(shí)間去一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地讀）?？梢钥闯觯髡哒J(rèn)為現(xiàn)在教閱讀的時(shí)間太多了，這當(dāng)然是因?yàn)榻潭唤谭?。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。47．B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第二自然段第2行開(kāi)始的句子：“Thefunctionofteachingistocreatetheconditionsandtheclimatethatwillmakeitpossibleforchildrentodevisethemostefficientsystemforteachingthemselvestoread”（教學(xué)的任務(wù)是為學(xué)生能夠找出自己最有效的自學(xué)閱讀的方法創(chuàng)造條件和氛圍），B項(xiàng)符合上述意思，為正確答案。48．B。意義猜測(cè)題。該題為猜測(cè)詞義。inquiry“詢(xún)問(wèn)”。observation“觀察”。control“控制”。suspicion“懷疑”。該詞出現(xiàn)在第三自然段最后一句“processisnotopentopublicscrutiny”，考生可從該句的上文作出推測(cè)。最明顯的提示出現(xiàn)在第二自然段最后一句“Teachingisalsoapublicactivity；itcanbeseenandobserved”所以，scrutiny最可能的詞義應(yīng)該是observation，故B項(xiàng)正確。49．A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第四自然段、第五自然段所提供的信息，特別是第5段第3行“Learningtoreadismadeeasierwhenteacherscreateanenvironmentwherechildrenaregiventheopportunitytosolvetheproblemoflearningtoreadbyreading”（當(dāng)教師們創(chuàng)造了一種環(huán)境，使孩子們有機(jī)會(huì)自己通過(guò)閱讀解決所遇到的問(wèn)題時(shí)，學(xué)習(xí)閱讀就變得容易多了），可以看出A項(xiàng)與之最為相近。50．C。主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章第一自然段第4行“readingcannotbetaughtdirectlyand…”說(shuō)明學(xué)生的閱讀能力并不是通過(guò)教師教就能掌握的。教師應(yīng)做的是給學(xué)生創(chuàng)造一個(gè)好的環(huán)境和條件，激發(fā)學(xué)生閱讀的渴望，培養(yǎng)出良好的閱讀習(xí)慣、方法。只有這樣，學(xué)生才能掌握閱讀技能，提高閱讀水平。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。其他選項(xiàng)與文章討論的范圍不符。C（words:348&282）TAIBEI－IncreasingnumbersofTaiwanesestudentsarejoiningtheisland’s“Chinarush”,seekingeducationontheChinesemainland．AccordingtoofficialChinesefigures,thenumberofTaiwanesestudentsadmittedintocollegeandpostgraduate（研究生）programsonthemainlandtotaled461in1996,928in1997and839in1998．Althoughnolatestofficialnumberswereavailable,”Netbig.ComSaidthisnumberhadrisenbetween30to50percentannuallyinthepasttwoyearswithwellover1000enteringmainlandcampuseslastyear.TheInternetsite,basedintheChinesecityofShenzhen,provideseducationserviceandinformationonChinesemainlandcollegeanduniversities.“ManyTaiwanesebelieveaChineseeducationgivingmoreknowledgeaboutthepeopleandcultureinthemainlandwillincreasetheirchancesintheChinesejobmarket,Net.Comvice-presidentIngridHuangsaid．“Ibelieveitwillgivemehands-onexperienceinthebusinessfieldintheChinesemainlandandabetterunderstandingoftheChinesemainlandpeople,”saidLydiaChang,a19-year-oldmajoringinjournalismatShihShinAjournalismgraduatestudent,surnamedLin,attheNationalTaiwanUniversitysaidhewouldliketostudylawontheChinesemainlandsince“therewillbebettercareerprospectsnowthatmoreTaiwanesecompaniesaregoingthere”.“Theyhopethechildrencouldbuildupconnectionswhichcouldlaterbecomeusefulintheirbusinessoperations,”saidYangChing-yao,professoroftheChinesemainlandstudies.ANetbig.ComsurveyshowedthecampusesfavoredbyTaiwanstudentsincludedBeijing,QinghuaandRenminuniversitiesinBeijing,andAtpresent,ChineseTaibeidoesn’trecognizediplomasearnedintheChinesemainlandnorhelpwithanyinquiriesaboutstudyingthere.Butrecognizingthetrend,educationauthoritiesaregivingafinalformtoapolicyacceptingcertificates（證書(shū)）fromselecteduniversities.51．MoreTaiwanesestudentsstudyontheChinesemainlandbecause___________. A．Taiwanwillreunitewiththemainlandsoonerorlater B．thefeesaskedforarelowerthanthoseofTaiwan C．whattheyhavelearnedonthemainlandwillbringthemabrightfuture D．therearemanyfamousuniversitiesforthemtochoose52．SomebusinessexecutivesweresendingtheirchildrentostudyintheChinesemainlandsothattheirchildren___________. A．couldreceivebettereducation B．couldlearnmoreaboutthepolicythere C．coulddowellinthebusinessoperations D．couldmakemorefriendsthere53．Theunderlinedword“it”inthethirdparagraphrefersto__________.A．Netbig.ComB．a(chǎn)ChineseeducationonthemainlandC．theChinesejobmarket D．theuniversity54．Theauthorwrotethearticletotellus______________. A．moreTaiwanesestudentsarestudyingonthemainland B．thenumbe