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Canada英語(yǔ)國(guó)家概況英語(yǔ)國(guó)家概況Chapter14
GeographyandHistoryCanada英語(yǔ)國(guó)家概況GeographyIHistoryIICONTENTGeographyI
1.2
GeographicRegionsandClimate
1.1
LocationandSize
1.3
MajorCities
1.1LocationandSize1.WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsiscorrectaboutCanada?thesecondlargestcountryintheworldlocatedintheNorthAmericancontinent
Atlanticintheeast,Pacificinthewest,ArcticOceantothenorthsharelandborderswiththeUnitedStatestothesouthandnorthwestCanadahasthelongestcoastlineintheworld.
√√√√√EarlyHistoryofCanada3MajorCities—Montreal2EuropeanSettlementlocatedonthenorthwesternshoreofLakeOntariousedtobethelargestcityinCanadaandtheindustrialandfinancialcentreofCanada6ExerciseJacquesCartierarrivedandclaimedterritoryfortheKingofFrance.3MajorCities—MontrealTheFrenchexplorationofIndiansbegan.attemptedtofindnewThePrairieRegionthelargestFrench-speakingcityinNorthAmerica,andsecondintheworldafterParisIntheearly1990s,MeechLakeAccordandCharlottetownAccordbothfailedinanationalreferendum.Key:c-h-a-g-i-f-d-b-e1.2GeographicRegionsandClimate2.HowmanygeographicregionscanCanadabedividedinto?TheAtlanticRegionTheCentralRegionThePrairieRegionThePacificRegionTheNorthernRegion3.Canada’svastterritoryanduniquetopographyresultinaclimatewithwideregionalvariations.Canyoufigureoutwhattheweatherislikeintheaboveregions?acontinentalclimateamoderateclimatecoldwinter,hotsummer,sparseprecipitationtemperaturebelowzeroforsevenmonthsTheQuebecAct:thepredominantFrenchpopulationinQuebecandsurroundingplaceswereallowedtobegovernedaccordingtoFrenchlaws.5CanadaSincethe1980s3MajorCities—Ottawa1LocationandSizehumidcontinentalclimate6ExerciseCanada’svastterritoryanduniquetopographyresultinaclimatewithwideregionalvariations.By1961,thecountryhadbecomeoneoftheworld’smosturbanizednations.WhenPaulMartintookoffice,Sino-Canadianrelationshipimproved.TheAtlanticRegionthelargestFrench-speakingcityinNorthAmerica,andsecondintheworldafterParisMontreal'sUndergroundCity3MajorCities—Toronto(cont.ofallcolors,creedsandcustomsforTheCentralRegionattemptedtofindnew1.3MajorCities—OttawathecapitalofCanadathecountry'sfourthlargestcitylocatedintheOttawaValleyliesonthebanksoftheOttawaRiverahumidcontinentalclimatetheseventhcoldestcapitalintheworldbyannualaveragetemperature,butranksthethirdbymeanofJanuarytemperaturenickname:Bytown(Left)AhouseisbarelyvisiblefrombeneaththeheavyOttawasnowfall.
1.3MajorCities—TorontolocatedonthenorthwesternshoreofLakeOntariothelargestcityinCanadatheprovincialcapitalofOntarioCanada’sfinancialcapitalthefifthmostpopulousmunicipalityinNorthAmericaranked14thintheworldwithover4milliontouristarrivalsayearahumidcontinentalclimateoneofthesafestmajorcitiesinNorthAmericawitha
lowcrimerate1.3MajorCities—Toronto(cont.)thetallesttowerinthewesternhemisphere,theworld'ssecondtallestfreestandingstructure1.3MajorCities—MontrealthesecondlargestcityinCanadathelargestcityintheCanadianprovinceofQuebecusedtobethelargestcityinCanadaandtheindustrialandfinancialcentreofCanadaTheofficiallanguageofMontrealisFrench.
thelargestFrench-speakingcityinNorthAmerica,andsecondintheworldafterParishumidcontinentalclimateMontreal'sUndergroundCitythelargestundergroundcomplexintheworld1.3MajorCities—VancouveracoastalcityandmajorseaportinsouthwesternBritishColumbiathethirdlargestinthecountryrankedoneofthethreemostlivablecitiesintheworldethnicallydiverse,with52%ofcityresidents
and43%ofmetroresidents
havingafirstlanguageotherthanEnglishtemperateclimatethesecondlargestChinatowninNorthAmericaafterSanFranciscoChineseNewYearParadetotheuseandenjoymentofpeopleofallcolors,creedsandcustomsforalltimeHistoryII
2.6Exercise
2.2EuropeanSettlement
2.1DiscoveryandExploration
2.3BritishCanada
2.4CanadianNation
2.5CanadaSincethe1980s
2.1DiscoveryandExplorationIn1497,JohnCabot,anItalianseacaptain,sailedwestfromBritain,searchingforanewroutetoAsia.ThisvoyageledtothediscoveryofCanada.TheFrenchexplorationofCanadabeganin1535,whenJacquesCartierattemptedtofindnewroutestotheOrient.TradingwiththelocalIndiansbegan.Furtrade
2.2EuropeanSettlement
Intheearly1600s,bothBritainandFrancefoundedpermanentsettlementsinCanada.Duringthe1750s,thefamousSevenYears’WarbetweenFranceandBritainstarted.AllofCanadacameunderBritishcontrol.2.3BritishCanadaIn1774,theBritishParliamentpassedtheQuebecAct,copingwiththedifferencesbetweenFrenchandBritishPeople.In1791,CanadawassplitintoUpperCanada(English-speakingOntario)andLowerCanada(French-speakingQuebec).In1841,UpperandLowerCanadaunitedastheBritishColony,theProvinceofCanada.
2.4CanadianNation
In1867,TheConstitutionActcreatedtheself-governingdominionofCanada.In1931,CanadawasrecognizedasanequalpartnerofBritain.Thefederalgovernment’spowerincreasedsincethe1950stoitshistoricalheight.By1961,thecountryhadbecomeoneoftheworld’smosturbanizednations.Duringthe1970s,therelationshipbetweenCanadaandtheUSbecamestrained.2.5CanadaSincethe1980sTheCanadaActof1982madeCanadaafullysovereignstate.Intheearly1990s,MeechLakeAccordandCharlottetownAccordbothfailedinanationalreferendum.Inthe1993nationalelection,ProgressiveConservativePartywasdefeatedbytheLiberals.In1997Chretien’sLiberalgovernmentsucceededinendingthe20yearsoffederalbudgetdeficit.WhenPaulMartintookoffice,Sino-Canadianrelationshipimproved.Exercise
RearrangethefollowingeventtomakeabriefoutlineoftheCanadianhistory.a.JacquesCartierarrivedandclaimedterritoryfortheKingofFrance.34]b.AmericanRevolutionendedwiththeestablishmentoftheborderbetweenCanadaandtheUnitedStates.[1783-1791]c.FirstIndianandInuitresidedontheland.d.AmericanarmyinvadedCana
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