2023年專四非謂語動(dòng)詞題

非謂語動(dòng)詞(不定式)講解及練習(xí)TheMinisterofFinanceisbelieved____ofimposingnewtaxestoraiseextrarevenue.

A.thatheisthinking

B.tobethinking

C.thatheistothink

D.tothink英語非謂語動(dòng)詞有三類：

1.不定式：具有n.adj.adv.特性，在句中擔(dān)任除謂語外任何成分；

2.動(dòng)名詞：具有n.特性，在句中可作主語、賓語、定語、表語；

3.分詞：具有adj.adv.特性,在句中可作主語、表語、賓補(bǔ)、狀語；｛現(xiàn)在分詞：presentparticiple，過去分詞：pastparticiple｝不定式非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法及區(qū)別：

todo(nottodo)一般式（否認(rèn)）

tobedoing

進(jìn)行式

積極

tohavedone

完畢式

tohavebeendoing完畢進(jìn)行式

tobedone一般式

被動(dòng)

tohavebeendone

完畢式

*一般式：不定式表達(dá)的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞表達(dá)的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，或者在謂語動(dòng)詞表達(dá)的動(dòng)作之后發(fā)生。

1.I’mgladtoseeyou.(同時(shí)發(fā)生)

2.Theyinvitedustocometoaparty.（不定式動(dòng)作后發(fā)生）

3.Thecomputertobeproducedisofanewtype.(被動(dòng))

4.Youmustpromisenevertodothatagain.

*進(jìn)行式：謂語動(dòng)詞表達(dá)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)，不定式表達(dá)的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。

1.Theyaresaidtobebuildinganotherbridgeovertheriver.

據(jù)說他們正在這條河上修另一座大橋。

2.I'dratherreadthanwatchtelevision;theprogramseemtobegettingworseallthetime.(1997.1)

我寧愿看書也不樂意看電視，電視節(jié)目仿佛越來越差了。

*完畢式：不定式表達(dá)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞表達(dá)的動(dòng)作之前

1.Thebankisreportedinthelocalnewspapertohavebeenrobbedinbroaddaylightyesterday.(2023.1)

2.Theywerereportedtohavediscoveredanthorancienttombinthisarea.

據(jù)報(bào)道他們?cè)谶@片區(qū)域發(fā)現(xiàn)了另一座古墓。

*完畢進(jìn)行式：在謂語動(dòng)詞表達(dá)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生前，不定式表達(dá)的動(dòng)作一直在進(jìn)行。

1.Theyaresaidtohavebeencollectingfolksongsthere.

(=Itissaidthattheyhavebeencollectingfolksongsthere.)

*不定式（短語）作主語通常轉(zhuǎn)化成“It+is/was+adj./n.+不定式（短語）”,其中it是形式主語(formsubject)，真正的主語是后面的不定式（短語）。

Tomasteraforeignlanguageisnoteasy.

→It’snoteasytomasteraforeignlanguage.因此，上題的答案是B。用動(dòng)詞不定式的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：tobedoing，表達(dá)“正在考慮”。

意為：人們認(rèn)為財(cái)政部長正在考慮通過征收新稅來增長政府的額外收入專八中譯英他們對(duì)我真好。

2.好了，這下可麻煩了。

3.這個(gè)問題好回答。

4.人人盡說江南好，游人只合江南老。

5.楚王好細(xì)腰。

6她身材苗條，形容嬌好。

7.論事業(yè)，他是個(gè)好丈夫；論脾氣，她是個(gè)好妻子

1.Theyarereallykindtome.

2.Well,weareinfortroublenow.

3.Thisquestioniseasytoanswer.

4.EverybodysaysJiangnanisaplacequitefair,Wandererswillwandernomoreafterbeingthere.

5.ThekingofCulikedtheslenderwaistperson.

6.Sheisslimandbeautiful.

7.Heisasuccessfulhusbandinhisbusinessandsheisatenderwifeinhernature.專四英語語法與詞匯練習(xí)及詳解一1.

It’snot

fair

that

you

come

home

after

a

bad

day

at

work

and

____your

wife

and

children.

A.

take

it

out

on

B.

take

out

it

on

C.

take

out

on

D.

take

on

it

with

2.

She

put

an

extra

blanket

over

the

baby

for

fear

that____.

A.

he

catches

cold

B.

he

should

catch

cold

C.

he

caught

cold

D.

he

be

catching

cold

3.

Our

teacher

recommended

that

we____as

attentive

as

possible

when

we

visit

the

museum.

A.

are

B.

shall

be

C.

be

D.were

4.

You

____business

interfering

with

my

affairs.

A.

have

none

B.

have

no

C.

have

none

of

the

D.

have

nothing

like

5.

The

new

cut

in

interest

rate____promote

domestic

investment.

A.

means

to

B.

directs

toward

C.

is

meant

to

D.

leads

to

6.

Advertising

media

like

direct

mail,

radio,

television

and

newspapers

____to

increase

the

sales

of

industrial

products.

A.have

been

used

B.

will

be

used

C.

is

being

used

D.

has

been

used

7.

While

being

questioned

on

the

court,

the

man

denied

____

the

old

lady’s

necklace.

A.

having

taken

B.

taking

C.

to

have

taken

D.

to

take

8.

Dr.

Park

was

accused

____the

patient

with

overdose

of

sleeping

pills

so

that

the

patient’s

life

was

terminated

before

the

expected

time.

A.of

providing

B.

with

providing

C.

to

have

provided

D.

to

provide

9.

By

the

end

of

next

month

we

____this

assignment.

A.

will

finish

B.

will

be

finishing

C.

will

have

finished

D.

have

finished

10.

We

will

be

losing

money

this

year

unless

that

new

economic

plan

of

yours

____miracle

A.is

working

B.

works

C.

will

be

working

D.

worked

11.

It

was

dark

in

the

cave

so

she

____a

match.

A.

struck

B.

hit

C.

fired

D.

burned

12.

Mary

will

not

be

able

to

come

to

the

birthday

party

as

she

is

____with

a

cold.

A.

laid

out

B.

laid

up

C.

laid

by

D.

laid

down

13.

She

often

says

her

greatest

happiness

____serving

the

handicapped

children.

A.relies

on

B.

consists

in

C.

composes

of

D.

comprises

in

14.

To

make

this

____clear

we

shall

have

to

look

closely

into

biology’s

long

history.

A.distinction

B.

indication

C.

recognition

D.

constitution

15.

Most

importantly,

such

an

experience

helps

____

a

heightened

sensitivity

to

other

cultures

and

will

bring

about

a

greater

appreciation

of

one’s

own

culture

as

well.

A.

coach

B.

forsake

C.

foster

D.censor

16.

When

Ann

broke

the

dish

she

tried

to

put

the

____

back

together.

A.

fragments

B.

pieces

C.

bits

D.

slices

17.

Jane

tried

to

____the

doorman

with

money,

but

she

failed.

A.

bribe

B.

corrupt

C.

award

D.

endow

18.

Classification

is

a

useful____to

the

organization

of

knowledge

in

any

field.

A.

means

B.

approach

C.

mode

D.

manner

19.

The

human

race

has

already

paid

a

heavy

price

for

its

slow

____

to

environmental

threats.

A.

response

B.

responsibility

C.

resolution

D.

resistance

20.

We

have

a

high

regard

for

Prof.

Joseph

because

he

always

____

his

principles.

A.

lives

on

B.

lives

up

to

C.

lives

through

D.

lives

with

21.

My

grandfather

accidentally

____

fire

to

the

house.

A.put

B.

took

C.set

D.

got

22.

We

enjoyed

the

holiday____the

expense.

A.except

B.

besides

C.

in

addition

to

D.

except

for

23.

If

you

want

children

to

work

hard

you

must

____their

interests

instead

of

their

sense

of

duty.

A.

appeal

to

B.

look

into

C.

give

rise

to

D.

go

in

for

24.

Basically

a

robot

is

a

machine

which

moves,

manipulates,

joins

or

processes

____in

the

same

way

as

human

hand

or

arm.

A.

characters

B.

components

C.catalogues

D.

collections

25.

Of

course,

talking

about

something

which

affects

them

personally

is

____motivating

for

students.

A.

chiefly

B.

correctly

C.

currently

D.

eminently

答案與解析

1.

A)

【句意】白天的工作不順心，回到家里拿老婆孩子出氣，這是不公平的。

【難點(diǎn)】take

it

out

on

sb.

意為“拿某人出氣”，其中it是無人稱代詞，無所指，這是一個(gè)固定的結(jié)構(gòu)。

2.

B)

【句意】由于膽怯孩子感冒，她在孩子身上又蓋了一條毯子。

【難點(diǎn)】for

fear

that

后接虛擬語氣，(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。

3.

C)

【句意】我們的教師建議我們參觀博物館的時(shí)候注意力應(yīng)盡也許集中。

【難點(diǎn)】recommend,command

,suggest

等詞后接的賓語從句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣，即(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。

4.

B)

【句意】你沒有權(quán)力干涉我們的事情。

【難點(diǎn)】have

no

business

doing

/to

do

something

意為“沒有權(quán)力，沒有理由做某事”

5.

C)

【句意】利率再次下調(diào)旨在促進(jìn)國內(nèi)投資。

【難點(diǎn)】be

meant

to

do

意為“旨在做

”;mean

to

do

意為“打算做，企圖做”;lead

to

意為“導(dǎo)致”，后接名詞。

6.

A)

【句意】像直接郵件、無線電、電視和報(bào)紙這樣的廣告媒介一直被用來促進(jìn)工業(yè)品的銷售。

【難點(diǎn)】根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)用完畢時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，media

是medium

的復(fù)數(shù)形式。

7.

A)

【句意】法庭傳訓(xùn)他的時(shí)候，他否認(rèn)拿了老太太的項(xiàng)鏈。

【難點(diǎn)】deny后需接動(dòng)名詞，由于動(dòng)作是過去發(fā)生的，所以選A)，動(dòng)名詞的完畢式。

8.

A)

【句意】帕克大夫被指控向患者提供過量的安眠藥，結(jié)果導(dǎo)致病人在預(yù)期的時(shí)間前死亡。

【難點(diǎn)】be

accused

of

是個(gè)常見的詞組，意為“被控有…罪”。

9.

C)

【句意】到下月底，我將完畢這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。

【難點(diǎn)】by

the

end

of

next

month

(year)是將來完畢時(shí)的典型狀語，故選C)。

10.

B)

【句意】除非你的新經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)劃發(fā)明奇跡，否則我們將賠錢。

【難點(diǎn)】unless

引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表達(dá)將來。

11.

A)

【句意】巖洞里很黑，她燃著了一根火柴。

【難點(diǎn)】strike

意為“擦(火柴)”，其它幾個(gè)詞不能和matches搭配。

12.

B)

【句意】瑪麗不能來參與生日晚會(huì)了，由于她患了感冒，臥床在家。

【難點(diǎn)】lay

up

意為“因痛(或傷殘)臥床”，常用被動(dòng)語態(tài);

lay

out

意為“擺出，展開”;lay

by

意為“儲(chǔ)存”;lay

down意為“犧牲，獻(xiàn)出”。

13.

B)

【句意】她常說她最大的快樂在于為殘疾兒童服務(wù)。

【難點(diǎn)】consist

in

意為“在于，存在于”;rely

on

意為“依靠，依賴”;be

composed

of

意為“由…構(gòu)成”;comprise

意為“由…組成;構(gòu)成”。

14.

A)

【句意】為了搞清楚這一差別，我們必須認(rèn)真地審閱一下生物學(xué)發(fā)展的漫長歷史。

【難點(diǎn)】distinction意為“區(qū)別;差異”;indication意為“標(biāo)示，跡象”;recognition意為“(正式的)認(rèn)可，認(rèn)可，認(rèn)知”;constitution意為“憲法，體制”。

15.

C)

【句意】最重要的是，這樣的經(jīng)歷能促進(jìn)人們對(duì)其它文化的感受性，并使他們更欣賞自己的文化。

【難點(diǎn)】foster意為“培養(yǎng)，促進(jìn)，助長”;coach意為“訓(xùn)練，指導(dǎo)”;forsake意為“遺棄，拋棄”;censor意為“審查,檢查”。

16.

A)

【句意】安把盤子打壞后，想把碎片再合在一起。

【難點(diǎn)】fragment

意為“碎片，碎塊”;piece意為“塊，片”;bit意為“小片;小段”;slice意為“薄片;切片”。

17.

A)

【句意】簡企圖用錢賄賂看門人，但失敗了。

【難點(diǎn)】bribe

意為“收買;行賄”;corrupt意為“腐蝕，使墮落”;award意為“授予(獎(jiǎng)品等);給予”;endow意為“資助，捐贈(zèng)”。

18.

B)【句意】分類是組織任何領(lǐng)域知識(shí)內(nèi)容的有效方式。

【難點(diǎn)】approach作“方式，方法;態(tài)度”講時(shí)，后接介詞to，其它幾個(gè)詞沒有這種用