實(shí)驗(yàn)一、燃燒熱的測(cè)定實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)處理示例

實(shí)驗(yàn)一、燃燒熱的測(cè)定(氧彈法)

實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)處理示例實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)處理示例1一)量熱計(jì)熱容(水當(dāng)量)的測(cè)定實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)如下：時(shí)間(min)0.51.01.52.02.53.03.54.04.55.05.5溫度(°C)21.38221.38521.38821.39121.39421.39721.42021.83522.52323.21723.714時(shí)間(min)6.06.57.07.58.08.59.09.510.010.511.0溫度(C)23.78523.83123.86623.89823.92423.95123.97223.99124.00924.01424.017樣品(苯甲酸)質(zhì)量m=0.8562g；其燃燒值為：—26460J/gx0.8562g=—22655.05J作圖如下：由圖可得:T=23.714—21.430=2.284,?/lQl~0,???—nQV—lQl=cATC=—nQV/AT計(jì)算得：量熱計(jì)熱容為c=(22655.05J)/2.284=9919.02J/K。二)蔗糖燃燒熱的測(cè)定實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)如下：時(shí)間(min)0.51.01.52.02.53.03.54.04.55.05.5溫度(C)20.73620.74420.75220.75620.76020.76420.98221.73222.23222.44722.533時(shí)間(min)6.06.57.07.58.08.59.09.510.010.511.0溫度(C)22.60722.65422.68622.71222.72422.72822.73122.73322.73522.73722.739

萘的質(zhì)量為：m萘的質(zhì)量為：m=1.1302g圖如下：測(cè)得：T=1.886K；c=9919.02J/K蔗糖M=342g/mol計(jì)算得萘的燃燒熱為：-(W/M)QV=CxAT樣樣V 量QV=-(CxAT)x(M/W)=-5660844.9J/mol=-5660.8kJ/molV量樣樣(三)結(jié)果討論與分析實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果偏大,可能是忽略了鐵絲的燃燒值引起的。

實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)處理示例2實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)：點(diǎn)火前的溫度（每隔lmin）點(diǎn)火過(guò)程中的溫度（每隔15s）點(diǎn)火后的溫度每隔1min）苯甲酸18.1218.2219.9418.1218.5419.9618.1318.8819.9818.1419.1719.9918.1519.3720.0018.1619.5320.0018.1719.6319.9918.1719.7219.9818.1819.8219.9818.1919.9019.97萘19.8820.6922.1719.9821.0322.1820.2821.3222.1920.3021.5422.2020.3121.7022.2220.3221.8322.2020.3421.9822.1920.3622.0722.1820.3822.1022.1620.3922.1522.1520.2020.0019.BO19.6019.4019.2019.0018.8018.60IS.40IB.20t(min)0.00 5.00 10.0015.0020.0025.00雷諾國(guó)總甲勘 時(shí)間18.00t(min)0.00 5.00 10.0015.0020.0025.00雷諾國(guó)總甲勘 時(shí)間由苯甲酸燃燒計(jì)算出熱量計(jì)的水的總當(dāng)量：8386.78再由圖