Unit3-Grammar過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)導(dǎo)學(xué)案

PAGEPAGE4Grammar過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)講義一．分析分詞在句子中的成分1.Ifoundthisbrokenplateonthefloor.2.Isawatall,darkandhandsomemancalledXiaoming.3.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied.4.JohnSnowdecidedtohelpordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.5.Hitbyalackoffreshair,myheadached.6.Exhausted,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.7.AwardedtheNobelPrizeforChemistry,thescientistisstillworkinghard.8.Giventime,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.二.用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做狀語(yǔ)改寫下列狀語(yǔ)從句。1.Whenourfutureschoolisseenfromthespace,ourfutureschoollookslikeaplate.2.AsLilyclassroomissurroundedbywater,Lilyclassroomlooksbeautiful.3.Assheissurprisedattheschoolbag,sheturnsherheadbacktofindoutwhathappens.4.IfIamgivenatimemachine,Iwillpayavisittothefuture.5.Asitwaswritteninahurry,thisarticlewasnotsogood.答案：1.Seenfromthespace,ourfutureschoollookslikeaplate.2.Surroundedbywater,Lilyclassroomlooksbeautiful.3.Surprisedattheschoolbag,sheturnsherheadbacktofindoutwhathappens.4.Givenatimemachine,Iwillpayavisittothefuture.5.Writteninahurry,thisarticlewasnotsogood.Summary總結(jié)：1.過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)表示_____的和/或______的動(dòng)作,相當(dāng)一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。所以過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)從句可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換。2.過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)其邏輯主語(yǔ)為主句的主語(yǔ)，此時(shí)應(yīng)注意主語(yǔ)人稱______。實(shí)際上過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)是狀語(yǔ)從句的省略，省略的條件是主從句主語(yǔ)________或從句的主語(yǔ)是_____,狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)又含有________,這時(shí)省略從句的_______和__________.答案：1.被動(dòng)；完成2.一致；一致；it；be；主語(yǔ)；be三.完成課本練習(xí)第21頁(yè)，第2大題四．注意值得注意的是，有些過去分詞及短語(yǔ)因來源系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)不強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)，而注重在描述主語(yǔ)的___________.（答案：狀態(tài)）這樣的過去分詞及短語(yǔ)有：lost迷失的，迷路的，seated坐著的，hidden藏著的，satisfiedwith滿意的，surprisedat吃驚的，worriedabout擔(dān)心的，interestedin感興趣的,locatedin坐落于，位于disappointedat失望的，lost/absorbedin陷于/沉溺…….,pleasedwith對(duì)…….感到高興/滿意dressedin穿著…,tiredof厭煩了……,facedwith面對(duì)…….1.____________(disappoint)attheexaminationresults,thegirlstoodthere，silent.2.__________(dress)inawhitedress,sheisthemostbeautifulgirlintheparty.五．過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別_______（see）fromupside,itlookslikealilywhichisinfullbloom(盛開）inthesea._______（see）fromupside,youwillfindalilywhichisinfullbloom(盛開）inthesea._______（see）fromthetopofthetower,wecangetawonderfulviewofthecity._______（see）fromthetopofthetower,ourcitylooksverybeautiful.如果句子的主語(yǔ)和分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,用_______，如果句子的主語(yǔ)和分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用_________。答案：Seen;Seeing;Seeing;Seen;現(xiàn)在分詞；過去分詞六．Havingdone的結(jié)構(gòu)(只能作狀語(yǔ))，它所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前。即它所表示的動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作?！癰eing+過去分詞”表示一個(gè)正在被進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作?！癶avingbeen+過去分詞”表示過去分詞既表被動(dòng)關(guān)系，又說明過去分詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前，有明顯的先后順序。eg.1._____________(ask)togiveaspeech,shecouldn’trefuse.2._________________(tell)manytimes,hefinallyunderstoodit.3._____________(paint),thehouselookslikeamess.4.__________（

protect）by

many

guards,

he

feltsafe.由于有很多警衛(wèi)保護(hù)，他覺得很安全．答案：1.Beingasked2.Havingbeentold3.Beingpained4.Beingprotected七．分詞作狀語(yǔ)記憶口訣分詞作狀語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)是問題。逗號(hào)前后兩動(dòng)作，共用一主語(yǔ)。主語(yǔ)找出后，再來判關(guān)系。主動(dòng)用-ing,被動(dòng)用-ed，havingdone表先后，千萬(wàn)要牢記。分詞作定語(yǔ)，所修飾名詞時(shí)問題所修名詞找出后，再來判斷主動(dòng)用-ing，被動(dòng)用-edIIIItwasmyfirstdayinHangzhou,theChinesecityfamousforitsnaturalbeautyandhistoryandIdidn'thavemuchtime_________(spare).IwantedtoseeasmuchofthecityaspossibleinthetwodaysbeforeIwastoreturntoGuangzhou.Myfirsttaskwastodecidewheretogoandhowtogetthere.Itookoutmyguidebookinwhichtherewasalotofinformationaboutthecity'swell-knowntouristattractionsandstartedtoread.Atthatmomentanattractiveyoungladywhonoticedmybookcameuptomeand___________(introduce)herself.ShesaidhernamewasMissBaiandshekindlyofferedtoshowmearoundthecity.Iwasdelightedandwasabout___________(accept)herproposalwhensh