2023年教師招聘(小學(xué)教師招聘)重點(diǎn)考試題庫(kù)高分通關(guān)測(cè)試題_第1頁(yè)
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地區(qū):_________________編號(hào):_________________姓名:_________________學(xué)校:_________________ 密封線 地區(qū):_________________編號(hào):_________________姓名:_________________學(xué)校:_________________ 密封線 密封線 2023年小學(xué)教師招聘題庫(kù)題號(hào)一二三四五六閱卷人總分得分注意事項(xiàng):1.全卷采用機(jī)器閱卷,請(qǐng)考生注意書寫規(guī)范;考試時(shí)間為120分鐘。2.在作答前,考生請(qǐng)將自己的學(xué)校、姓名、地區(qū)、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)涂寫在試卷和答題卡規(guī)定位置。

3.部分必須使用2B鉛筆填涂;非選擇題部分必須使用黑色簽字筆書寫,字體工整,筆跡清楚。

4.請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)在答題卡上與題目對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)規(guī)范作答,超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無(wú)效:在草稿紙、試卷上答題無(wú)效。A卷(第I卷)第I卷(考試時(shí)間:120分鐘)一、單選題1、根據(jù)學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)的動(dòng)力來(lái)源,可以把學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)分為()。A.直接動(dòng)機(jī)和間接動(dòng)機(jī)B.近景的直接性動(dòng)機(jī)和遠(yuǎn)景的間接性動(dòng)機(jī)C.內(nèi)部動(dòng)機(jī)和外部動(dòng)機(jī)D.高尚的動(dòng)機(jī)和低級(jí)的動(dòng)機(jī)答案:C本題解析:根據(jù)學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)的動(dòng)力來(lái)源,可以把學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)分為內(nèi)部動(dòng)機(jī)和外部動(dòng)機(jī)。2、TheEmancipationProclamationtoendtheslaveryplantationsystemintheSouthoftheU.S.wasissuedby__A.AbrahamLincolnB.ThomasPaineC.GeorgeWashingtonD.ThomasJefferson答案:A本題解析:考查美國(guó)概況。本題為美國(guó)歷史常識(shí)題,林肯發(fā)表了《解放黑人奴隸宣言》。3、ItwastheafternoonofDecember24,butIhadtowork.TheonlythingthatbrightenedmydaywasthebeautifullydecoratedChristmastreeandagift—adozenlong-stemmedred___21___.AsIwascleaningmyoffice,aladyurgentlyneededtotalktome.Inoticedayoung,___22___womanwithababyinherarmsnervously,sheexplainedthatherhusband,aprisoner,wasmynextpatient.Shetoldmeshewasn't___23___tovisitherhusbandinprisonandthathehadneverseenhisson.Shewishedtolettheboy'sfathersitinthewaitingroomwithheraslongaspossible___24___Icalledhimforhisappointment.Sincemytimetablewasn'tfull,Iagreed.___25___,itwasChristmasEve.Ashorttimelater,herhusbandarrived.Thewoman'stiredface___26___likeourlittleChristmastreewhenherhusbandtookaseatbesideher.Ikeptpeeling(偷看)outtowatchthemlaugh,cry,andsharetheirchild.Attheendoftheappointment,IwishhimaMerryChristmas---adifficultthingtosaytoamanheadingbacktoprison.Hesmiledandthankedme.Healsosaidhefelt___27___bythefactthathehadn'tbeenabletogethiswifeanythingforChristmas.___28___hearingthis,Iwasinspiredwithawonderfulidea.I'llneverforgetthe___29___onboththeirfacesastheprisonergavehiswifethebeautifulroses.I'mnotsurewhoexperiencedthemostjoy-thehusbandingiving,thewifeinreceiving,ormyselfinhavingtheopportunitytoshareinthisspecial___30___.此處選擇()A.changeB.responseC.spiritD.look答案:D本題解析:根據(jù)下文“當(dāng)犯人給妻子玫瑰時(shí)”可推知應(yīng)是兩人臉上的表情,look表情,神情,故選D.4、《中華人民共和國(guó)未成年人保護(hù)法》第五十四條規(guī)定,對(duì)違法犯罪的未成年人,實(shí)行教育、感化、挽救的方針,應(yīng)堅(jiān)持的原則是()。A.教育為主,懲罰為輔B.客觀公正,實(shí)事求是C.正面引導(dǎo),表?yè)P(yáng)為主D.榜樣示范,環(huán)境陶冶答案:A本題解析:略。5、Elderlypeoplerespondbesttoacalmandunhurriedenvironment.Thisisnotalwayseasytoprovideastheirbehaviorcansometimesbeirritating.Iftheygetexcitedorupsetthentheymaybecomemoreconfusedandmoredifficulttolookafter.Althoughsometimesitcanbeextremelydifficult,itisbesttobepatientandnottogetupsetyourself.Youshouldalwaysencourageoldpeopletodoasmuchaspossibleforthemselvesbutbereadytolendahelpinghandwhennecessary.Failingmemorymakesitdifficultforthepersontorecallallthebasickindsofinformationwetakeforgranted.Theobviouswaytohelpinthissituationistosupplytheinformationthatismissingandhelpthemmakesenseofwhatisgoingon.Youmustuseeveryopportunitytoprovideinformationbutremembertokeepitsimpleandstraightforward."Goodmorning,Mum.ThisisFiona,yourdaughter.Itiseighto′clock,soifyougetupnow,wecanhavebreakfastdownstairs."Whentheelderlypersonmakesconfusedstatements,e.g.aboutgoingouttohisorheroldemploymentorvisitingadeadrelative,correctinacalmmatter-of-factfashion:"Youdon′tworkintheofficeanymore.Youareretirednow.Willyouhelpmewiththedishes?"Werelyheavilyontheinformationprovidedbysignposts,clocks,calendarsandnewspapers.Theseassistustoorganizeanddirectourbehavior.Confusedoldpeopleneedtheseaidsallthetimetocompensatefortheirpoormemory.Encouragethemtousereminderboardsordiariesforimportantcomingeventsandlabelthecontentsofdifferentcupboardsanddrawers.Manyotheraidssuchasinformationcards,oldphotos,scrapbooks,addressesorshoppinglistscouldhelpinindividualcase.Visualaidscangivepracticalhelptoelderlypeopleby___________.A.bringingbacktomindvariouskindsofusefulinformationB.informingthemaboutwhathastobedonenextC.helpingthemtoreviveoldmemoriesD.clearinguptheirmistakesandconfusion答案:A本題解析:推斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞Visualaids可定位至最后一段?!皊ignposts,clocks,calendarsandnewspapers”“reminderboardsordiaries”“informationcards,oldphotos,scrapbooks,addressesorshoppinglists”這些都屬于Visualaids(視覺(jué)輔助設(shè)備)。第二、三句“TheseassistUStoorganizeanddirectourbehavior.Confusedoldpeopleneedtheseaidsallthetimetocompensatefortheirpoormemory."表明,糊涂的老年人可以利用這些設(shè)備彌補(bǔ)他們的記憶。B項(xiàng)“接下來(lái)要做的事”、C項(xiàng)“舊的回憶”都只是這些記憶中一個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容,顯然沒(méi)有概括全面,D項(xiàng)在文中沒(méi)有提及,均排除。A項(xiàng)最符合文意,為正確答案。6、建立學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間表屬于學(xué)習(xí)策略中的()。A.認(rèn)知策略B.精細(xì)加工策略C.元認(rèn)知策略D.資源管理策略答案:D本題解析:時(shí)間管理策略屬于學(xué)習(xí)策略中的資源管理策略。7、《劍南詩(shī)稿》的作者是()。A.辛棄疾B.張孝祥C.陸游D.范成大答案:C本題解析:《劍南詩(shī)稿》,陸游詩(shī)詞全集,共八十五卷,收錄詩(shī)詞九千三百多首,為紀(jì)念蜀中生活故名。陸游一生創(chuàng)作詩(shī)歌很多,今存九千多首。其中《關(guān)山月》《書憤》《農(nóng)家嘆》《示兒》等篇均為世人傳育的佳作。8、設(shè)計(jì)與組織德育活動(dòng)首先要考慮的問(wèn)題是()。A.德育過(guò)程B.德育目標(biāo)C.德育方式D.德育要求答案:B本題解析:在對(duì)學(xué)生組織德育活動(dòng)時(shí),首先要做的工作是設(shè)置德育目標(biāo)。9、下列屬于非洲代表樂(lè)器的是()。A.尺八B.馬林巴C.冬不拉D.西塔爾答案:B本題解析:暫無(wú)解析10、下列有關(guān)文學(xué)常識(shí)的表述正確的一項(xiàng)是()。A.《左傳》也稱《春秋左氏傳》或《左氏春秋》,是儒家經(jīng)典之一,它既是一部?jī)?nèi)容豐富的史書,又有很強(qiáng)的文學(xué)性,作者相傳為孔子同時(shí)代的左丘明。B.羅貫中的《三國(guó)演義》一書中有很多故事家喻戶曉。例如,桃園三結(jié)義、三英戰(zhàn)呂布、三顧茅廬、三氣周瑜、三打祝家莊等。C.魯迅的《狂人日記》收在短篇小說(shuō)集《彷徨》中,是中國(guó)現(xiàn)代文學(xué)史上第一部白話小說(shuō),作品鮮明地表現(xiàn)了對(duì)愚弱國(guó)民“哀其不幸,怒其不爭(zhēng)”的態(tài)度。D.《父與子》《變色龍》《裝在套子里的人》都是俄國(guó)作家契訶夫的短篇小說(shuō)。答案:A本題解析:B項(xiàng),三打祝家莊是《水滸傳》的情節(jié)。C項(xiàng),《狂人日記》收錄在《吶喊》中。D項(xiàng),《父與子》的作者是屠格涅夫的長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)。故本題選A。11、言語(yǔ)通常分為()A.口頭言語(yǔ)和書面言語(yǔ)B.內(nèi)部言語(yǔ)和口頭言語(yǔ)C.獨(dú)白言語(yǔ)和書面言語(yǔ)D.外部言語(yǔ)和內(nèi)部言語(yǔ)答案:D本題解析:本題考查的是言語(yǔ)的分類,言語(yǔ)分為外部言語(yǔ)和內(nèi)部言語(yǔ),外部言語(yǔ)包括口頭言語(yǔ)和書面言語(yǔ),其中口頭言語(yǔ)又分為對(duì)話言語(yǔ)和獨(dú)白言語(yǔ)。12、品行不良學(xué)生轉(zhuǎn)化要經(jīng)歷一個(gè)由量變到質(zhì)變的過(guò)程,此過(guò)程包括()。A.醒悟、轉(zhuǎn)變與自新三個(gè)階段B.清醒、自責(zé)與轉(zhuǎn)變?nèi)齻€(gè)階段C.醒悟、自責(zé)與自新三個(gè)階段D.清醒、自責(zé)與自新三個(gè)階段答案:A本題解析:品行不良學(xué)生的轉(zhuǎn)化要經(jīng)歷一個(gè)由量變到質(zhì)變的過(guò)程,這個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)化過(guò)程大體可以劃分為醒悟、轉(zhuǎn)變與自新三個(gè)階段。13、已知a>0,b>0,且a+b=3,則1/a+1/b的最小值是()。A.3+2√2B.1+2√2C.4√2/3D.1+2√2/3答案:D本題解析:14、根據(jù)埃里克森的理論,2~3歲的發(fā)展任務(wù)是培養(yǎng)()。A.自主性B.主動(dòng)性C.勤奮感D.自我同一性答案:A本題解析:根據(jù)埃里克森的理論,2~3歲的發(fā)展任務(wù)是培養(yǎng)自主性。15、關(guān)于自我,下列說(shuō)法中正確的包括()。A.自我是心理學(xué)的古老課題B.又稱自我意識(shí)或自我概念C.是個(gè)體對(duì)自己存在狀態(tài)的認(rèn)知D.是個(gè)體對(duì)其社會(huì)角色進(jìn)行自我評(píng)價(jià)的結(jié)果答案:A、B、C本題解析:暫無(wú)解析16、不屬于三和弦的是()。A.大四六和弦B.減六和弦C.小三和弦D.大二和弦答案:D本題解析:大二和弦是大七和弦的第三轉(zhuǎn)位,為七和弦。故選D。17、以下不是“學(xué)生是學(xué)習(xí)的主體”的表現(xiàn)的是()A.學(xué)生是學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)的主體B.學(xué)生是具有一定主體性的人C.教在于構(gòu)建學(xué)生主體D.學(xué)生是責(zé)權(quán)主體答案:D本題解析:“學(xué)生是責(zé)權(quán)主體”與“學(xué)生是學(xué)習(xí)的主體”是“學(xué)生是具有獨(dú)立意義的人”的內(nèi)容,二者是平行關(guān)系,不是包含關(guān)系。18、以下描述不正確的是()A.課外、校外教育活動(dòng)注重學(xué)生的實(shí)踐環(huán)節(jié)B.課外、校外教育活動(dòng)是實(shí)現(xiàn)教育目的的重要途徑C.課外、校外教育活動(dòng)注重學(xué)生的主動(dòng)性、積極性,忽視教師的指導(dǎo)作用D.課外、校外教育活動(dòng)的內(nèi)容要豐富多彩,形式要多樣化答案:C本題解析:校外、課外教育活動(dòng)并不是忽視教師的指導(dǎo)作用,而是要求發(fā)揮學(xué)生的主動(dòng)性、積極性與教師的指導(dǎo)作用相結(jié)合。19、一個(gè)長(zhǎng)方體的所有棱長(zhǎng)之和是72cm,它的長(zhǎng)寬高之比是3:2:1,則長(zhǎng)方體體積為()。A.162cm3B.1296cm3C.2592cm3D.10368cm3答案:A本題解析:由長(zhǎng)方體性質(zhì)知,長(zhǎng)方體長(zhǎng)、寬、高之和為72÷4=18cm,則可得出長(zhǎng)為9cm,寬為6cm,高為30m.所以體積為9×6×3=162cm3。20、中小學(xué)公共安全教育指導(dǎo)綱要規(guī)定公共安全教育的形式在小學(xué)()A.以體驗(yàn)和辨析為主B.以活動(dòng)和體驗(yàn)為主C.以游戲和模擬為主D.以游戲和辨析為主答案:C本題解析:暫無(wú)解析21、Wemustlive___________ourincome,orwehavetofaceeconomicproblems.A.withoutB.withinC.inD.from答案:B本題解析:句意:我們必須量入為出,否則,將會(huì)面臨經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題。livewithinourincome是固定搭配,意為“量入為出”。22、Doyouhaveanyideawhatyouwouldliketobeanddoaftergraduation?Alotofpeopledon′!beginthinkingaboutcareersuntiltheyreachjuniororsenioryear,which,inmyopinion,istoolate.Whenpeoplearetryingtodecidewhattheywanttodo,ithelpstoknowsomethingtheylove.EversinceIwaslittle,I′vealwaysbeendoingsomeone′shair,make-upornails,startingwithBarbiedollsandprogressingtohumans.OvertheyearsmyfamilyhasreallyinspiredmetodothisandnowIfixfriends′andfamilymembers′hairforweddings,dancesandotherbigevents.IhavebeenthinkingaboutwhatIwouldliketodoforacareersincemiddleschool.IdidsomeresearchanddiscoveredthatImightreallyenjoybeingacosmetologist,soIwenttomyhairstylistandaskedherlotsofquestionsaboutwhatittakestoreachherlevelandwhatshewouldrecommendIdo.Iconsideredheradviceandthendidmoreresearch.IusedAveda′swebsitetogetinformationontheAvedaInstituteandwhattypeofcredit(貸款)Iwouldneedfromhighschooltoapply.Ifoundtheirinstitutehasthreeparts:theoreticalknowledge,practicalexperience,andprofessionalbusiness-buildingskills.Forthepastfewyears,IhavebeenlookingatAvedainmoreandmoredetail.Thisschoolnotonlyofferscosmetology,butalsomassagetherapy.IgrewupinMinnesota(美國(guó)中北部的一個(gè)州),soIplantoapplytotheinstituteinMinneapolisthatseveralpeoplehavehighlyrecommended.Ithelpsstudentsbecome"futureindustryleadersinhaircare,skincare,makeupandtotalbodywellness".Itisaffordableandeveryonethereisfriendlyandunderstanding.HavingdonethegroundworkandthinkingaboutwhatI′dliketodoafterhighschool,IknowthatIwilldefinitelypursuemydreamofbecomingacosmetologist.Weknowfromthetextthatacosmetologistis___________.A.achemistworkingatcollegeB.apersonwhoworksintheinstituteC.adoctorinahospitalD.apersondoingalltypesofbodycareforpeople答案:D本題解析:推斷題。通過(guò)全文作者的描述,比如“Ithelpsstudentsbecomefutureindustryleadersinhaircare,skincare,makeupandtotalbodywellness”等可知答案為D。23、2013年6月20日上午,“神舟十號(hào)”航天員王亞平在“天宮一號(hào)’’成功地開(kāi)展了中國(guó)首次()。A.太空科研B.太空會(huì)議C.太空授課D.太空行走答案:C本題解析:“神舟十號(hào)”女航天員王亞平,于2013年6月20日上午在“天宮一號(hào)”成功進(jìn)行我國(guó)首次太空授課。24、下列詞語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有錯(cuò)別字的一項(xiàng)是()。A.慷慨細(xì)膩美不勝收炯乎不同B.嘹亮孕育盡態(tài)極妍各得其所C.拮據(jù)斑斕一泄千里銳不可當(dāng)D.祈禱推祟物競(jìng)天擇隨機(jī)應(yīng)變答案:B本題解析:A項(xiàng)中“炯乎不同”應(yīng)為“迥乎不同”;C項(xiàng)中“一泄千里”應(yīng)為“一瀉千里”;D項(xiàng)中“推祟”應(yīng)為“推崇”。25、下列隊(duì)列口令中,動(dòng)令落在左腳的是()A.向右轉(zhuǎn)走B.立定C.向后轉(zhuǎn)走D.向左轉(zhuǎn)走答案:D本題解析:暫無(wú)解析26、InancientEgypt(古埃及),peoplebelievedthatthecatwasagod.Whena51dieditsownersshowedtheirsadnessbythestrangehabitofshavingtheireyebrowsoff!Inthe19thcentury,thefamousEnglishwriterCharlesDickenshadacatwhowasvery52ofhim.Thecatdidn′tliketo53Dickensworkingtoohard.Atnight,whenthecatwantedtosay"54writing!"tohismaster,heoften55Dickens′candlewithhispaw(腳爪)!Whenanimalsbecomepets,theresult,afteranumberofgenerations,isasmalleranimalwithasmallerbrain.Rabbits(兔子),56,whichliveaspetsinagarden,arelessintelligentthantheir57cousins.Ofcourse,mandoesn′talwayskeep58forpleasure.Manyanimalshavetoworkfortheirmasters.Therewas59afarminNamibia,Africa,whichhad80goats.Amothermonkeytookthegoatstothehillseverydayandbroughtthembackatnight.She60knewexactlywhichgoatswerehers--whichismorethanmanyhumanscoulddo.第(59)題選A.againB.soonC.oftenD.once答案:D本題解析:考查副詞辨析。again“再一次”,soon“不久”,often“經(jīng)常”,once“曾經(jīng)”。句意為“非洲的納米比亞曾有一個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng).養(yǎng)著80只山羊”,故選D。27、德育過(guò)程結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成要素是()A.教育者、受教育者B.教育者、受教育者、教育內(nèi)容C.教育者、受教育者、德育內(nèi)容、德育方法D.教育者、受教育者、教育環(huán)境答案:C本題解析:德育過(guò)程由教育者、受教育者、德育內(nèi)容和德育方法等因素構(gòu)成。28、在斯坦伯格(R.Sternberg,1988)的愛(ài)情三角形中,一見(jiàn)鐘情屬于()。A.迷戀愛(ài)B.愚蠢愛(ài)C.浪漫愛(ài)D.空洞愛(ài)答案:C本題解析:暫無(wú)解析29、下列屬于京劇梅派是()A.《貴妃醉酒》B.《空城計(jì)》C.《梨花記》D.《出塞》答案:A本題解析:京劇《貴妃醉酒》又名《百花亭》,是一出單折戲,取材于中國(guó)唐朝歷史人物楊貴妃的故事,經(jīng)過(guò)中國(guó)著名京劇表演藝術(shù)家梅蘭芳先生創(chuàng)作、表演而廣為認(rèn)知,是梅派代表劇目之一。因此A項(xiàng)正確。30、—Howaboutputtingsomepicturesintothereport?—________.Apictureisworthathousandwords.A.NowayB.Whynot?C.Allright?D.Nomatter答案:B本題解析:Noway.意思是“不可能”;Whynot?意思是“為什么不”;Allright?意思是“好嗎”;Nomatter.意思是“沒(méi)關(guān)系”,根據(jù)題意一副圖相當(dāng)于1000字,既圖片比文字更有說(shuō)服力,因此應(yīng)該是Whynot?“為什么不呢?31、與新教師相比,專家型教師的課時(shí)計(jì)劃更簡(jiǎn)潔、靈活、以學(xué)生為中心并有()。A.系統(tǒng)性B.預(yù)見(jiàn)性C.結(jié)構(gòu)性D.實(shí)效性答案:B本題解析:與新教師相比,專家型教師的課時(shí)計(jì)劃簡(jiǎn)潔、靈活,以學(xué)生為中心并具有預(yù)見(jiàn)性。32、InancientEgypt(古埃及),peoplebelievedthatthecatwasagod.Whena51dieditsownersshowedtheirsadnessbythestrangehabitofshavingtheireyebrowsoff!Inthe19thcentury,thefamousEnglishwriterCharlesDickenshadacatwhowasvery52ofhim.Thecatdidn′tliketo53Dickensworkingtoohard.Atnight,whenthecatwantedtosay"54writing!"tohismaster,heoften55Dickens′candlewithhispaw(腳爪)!Whenanimalsbecomepets,theresult,afteranumberofgenerations,isasmalleranimalwithasmallerbrain.Rabbits(兔子),56,whichliveaspetsinagarden,arelessintelligentthantheir57cousins.Ofcourse,mandoesn′talwayskeep58forpleasure.Manyanimalshavetoworkfortheirmasters.Therewas59afarminNamibia,Africa,whichhad80goats.Amothermonkeytookthegoatstothehillseverydayandbroughtthembackatnight.She60knewexactlywhichgoatswerehers--whichismorethanmanyhumanscoulddo.第(59)題選A.againB.soonC.oftenD.once答案:D本題解析:考查副詞辨析。again“再一次”,soon“不久”,often“經(jīng)?!?,once“曾經(jīng)”。句意為“非洲的納米比亞曾有一個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng).養(yǎng)著80只山羊”,故選D。33、前段時(shí)間,《外賣,正在毀掉我們的下一代》刷屏,外賣雖爽,制造的大量包裝垃圾卻難以________,造成垃圾圍城??爝f又何嘗不是如此呢?想想每次拆開(kāi)快遞時(shí)撕下的一層又一層包裝、膠帶,扔進(jìn)垃圾桶的大大小小的紙盒、塑料,這些日常動(dòng)作制造了大量“棕色”垃圾,對(duì)環(huán)境的威脅________。填入畫橫線部分最恰當(dāng)?shù)囊豁?xiàng)是()。A.消除無(wú)足掛齒B.消滅一文不值C.清除不值一提D.消解不容小覷答案:D本題解析:實(shí)詞+成語(yǔ)辨析。本題的突破口在第二空,根據(jù)“這些日常動(dòng)作制造了大量‘棕色’垃圾”可知,對(duì)環(huán)境的威脅是不能輕視、不能小看的,只有“不容小覷”符合此意?!盁o(wú)足掛齒”指哪里值得掛在嘴上;“不值一提”指不值得提起;“一文不值”指一點(diǎn)價(jià)值都沒(méi)有,后指人無(wú)用,這三個(gè)成語(yǔ)均與語(yǔ)境不符,故排除ABC項(xiàng)。選擇D。34、學(xué)習(xí)者因榜樣受到強(qiáng)化而使自己也間接受到強(qiáng)化,我們稱這種強(qiáng)化為()。A.直接強(qiáng)化B.替代強(qiáng)化C.具體強(qiáng)化D.概括強(qiáng)化答案:B本題解析:學(xué)習(xí)者因榜樣受到強(qiáng)化而使自己也間接受到強(qiáng)化稱之為替代強(qiáng)化。35、“倉(cāng)廩實(shí)而知禮節(jié),衣食足而知榮辱”反映了人的需要具有()A.整體性B.選擇性C.層次性D.動(dòng)力性答案:C本題解析:低級(jí)需要只有在得到滿足或部分滿足時(shí)才能產(chǎn)生高級(jí)需要,這是需要的層次性。36、《茶花女》的作者是()。A.梅里美B.斯丹達(dá)爾C.小仲馬D.福樓拜答案:C本題解析:《茶花女》是法國(guó)作家亞歷山大·小仲馬的代表作。37、盲人失去視覺(jué),通過(guò)實(shí)踐活動(dòng)反而使聽(tīng)覺(jué)比正常人更敏銳,這是()。A.感覺(jué)對(duì)比B.感覺(jué)適應(yīng)C.聯(lián)覺(jué)D.感覺(jué)補(bǔ)償答案:D本題解析:某種感覺(jué)系統(tǒng)的機(jī)能喪失后,由其他的感覺(jué)系統(tǒng)的機(jī)能來(lái)彌補(bǔ)稱之為感覺(jué)補(bǔ)償。38、“夫詩(shī)有別材,非關(guān)書也;詩(shī)有別趣,非關(guān)理也。然非多讀書,多窮理,則不能及其至?!边@段話見(jiàn)于()。A.姜夔《白石詩(shī)說(shuō)》B.張戒《歲寒堂詩(shī)話》C.嚴(yán)羽《滄浪詩(shī)話》D.葉燮《原詩(shī)》答案:C本題解析:此句出自嚴(yán)羽《滄浪詩(shī)話詩(shī)辨》。39、學(xué)生在教師的指導(dǎo)下,在課外、校外單獨(dú)進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)是()A.小組活動(dòng)B.群眾性活動(dòng)C.個(gè)別活動(dòng)D.集體活動(dòng)答案:C本題解析:題干描述的是個(gè)別活動(dòng)的內(nèi)涵。40、學(xué)習(xí)策略是學(xué)習(xí)者制訂的學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃,由()構(gòu)成。A.意識(shí)和能力B.規(guī)則和技能C.經(jīng)驗(yàn)和方法D.認(rèn)知策略答案:B本題解析:學(xué)習(xí)策略由規(guī)則和技能構(gòu)成。41、一個(gè)長(zhǎng)方體的所有棱長(zhǎng)之和是72cm,它的長(zhǎng)寬高之比是3:2:1,則長(zhǎng)方體體積為()。A.162cm3B.1296cm3C.2592cm3D.10368cm3答案:A本題解析:由長(zhǎng)方體性質(zhì)知,長(zhǎng)方體長(zhǎng)、寬、高之和為72÷4=18cm,則可得出長(zhǎng)為9cm,寬為6cm,高為30m.所以體積為9×6×3=162cm3。42、反省認(rèn)知成分的掌握情況主要取決于________發(fā)展水平的高低。A.自我概念B.自我監(jiān)控C.自我意識(shí)D.內(nèi)部動(dòng)機(jī)答案:C本題解析:暫無(wú)解析43、社會(huì)知覺(jué)時(shí),圖式對(duì)新覺(jué)察到的信息起()作用。A.選擇B.引導(dǎo)C.組合D.解釋答案:B、D本題解析:暫無(wú)解析44、InancientEgypt(古埃及),peoplebelievedthatthecatwasagod.Whena51dieditsownersshowedtheirsadnessbythestrangehabitofshavingtheireyebrowsoff!Inthe19thcentury,thefamousEnglishwriterCharlesDickenshadacatwhowasvery52ofhim.Thecatdidn′tliketo53Dickensworkingtoohard.Atnight,whenthecatwantedtosay"54writing!"tohismaster,heoften55Dickens′candlewithhispaw(腳爪)!Whenanimalsbecomepets,theresult,afteranumberofgenerations,isasmalleranimalwithasmallerbrain.Rabbits(兔子),56,whichliveaspetsinagarden,arelessintelligentthantheir57cousins.Ofcourse,mandoesn′talwayskeep58forpleasure.Manyanimalshavetoworkfortheirmasters.Therewas59afarminNamibia,Africa,whichhad80goats.Amothermonkeytookthegoatstothehillseverydayandbroughtthembackatnight.She60knewexactlywhichgoatswerehers--whichismorethanmanyhumanscoulddo.第(53)題選A.makeB.helpC.seeD.force答案:C本題解析:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。make“使得”,help“幫助”,see“看見(jiàn)”,force“強(qiáng)迫”。該空所填動(dòng)詞后面跟的是sb.doingsth..選項(xiàng)中只有see有此用法,意為“看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事”。整句話的意思是“這只貓不喜歡看到狄更斯工作太努力”。45、主張意識(shí)是持續(xù)不斷、川流不息的過(guò)程的心理學(xué)流派是()A.構(gòu)造主義B.精神分析C.格式塔流派D.機(jī)能主義答案:D本題解析:構(gòu)造主義把意識(shí)分為三個(gè)元素;精神分析主張研究無(wú)意識(shí);格式塔流派把意識(shí)看作一個(gè)整體;機(jī)能主義主張意識(shí)是持續(xù)不斷的過(guò)程。46、在一定的社會(huì)背景下發(fā)生的促使個(gè)體社會(huì)化和個(gè)性化的實(shí)踐活動(dòng)是()。A.教育B.教學(xué)C.管理D.科研答案:A本題解析:教育是個(gè)體的社會(huì)化和個(gè)體的個(gè)性化相結(jié)合、發(fā)展的過(guò)程。47、根據(jù)下面資料,回答IgrewupinacommunitycalledEstepona.Iwas16whenonemorningmyDadtoldmeIcoulddrivehimintoa16villagecalledMijas,onconditionthatItookthecarintobe17atanearbygarage.Ireadilyaccepted.IdroveDadintoMijas,and18topickhimupat4p.m.thendroppedoffthecaratthe19.Withseveralhourstospare,Iwenttoatheater20,whenthelastmoviefinished,itwassix.Iwastwohourslate!IknewDadwouldbeangryifhe21I′dbeenwatchingmovies.SoIdecidednottotellhimthetruth.WhenI22thereIapologizedforbeinglate,andtoldhimI′d23asquicklyasIcould,butthatthecarhadneededamajorrepairs.I′llneverforgetthe24hegaveme."I′mdisappointedyou25youhavetolietome,Jason."Dadlookedatmeagain."Whenyoudidn′t26,Icalledthegaragetoaskiftherewereany27,andtheytoldmeyouhadn′tyetpickedupthecar."Ifelt28asIweaklytoldhimtherealreason.A29passedthroughDadashelistenedattentively."I′mangrywith30.IrealizeI′vefailedasafather.I′mgoingtowalkhomenowandthinkseriouslyabout31I′vegonewrongalltheseyears.""ButDad,it′s18miles!"Myprotestsandapologieswere32.Dadwalkedhomethatday.Idrovebehindhim,33himalltheway,buthewalkedsilently.SeeingDadinsomuch34andemotionalpainwasmymostpainfulexperience.However,itwas35themostsuccessfullesson.Ihaveneverliedsince.第(23)題選A.startedB.leftC.arrivedD.come答案:D本題解析:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。start“開(kāi)始”,leave“離開(kāi)”,均不符合文意,故排除;arrive僅指到達(dá)的瞬間動(dòng)作。也排除。故選D。48、如果小華在小強(qiáng)西偏北38°的位置,那么小強(qiáng)在小華的()位置。A.北偏西52°B.東偏南38°C.西偏北38°D.南偏東38°答案:B本題解析:如果小華在小強(qiáng)西偏北38°的位置,那么小強(qiáng)在小華東偏南38°的位置。故本題選B。49、下列正確的是()A.詩(shī)經(jīng)是我國(guó)第一部詩(shī)歌總集,收錄了西周初年至戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期詩(shī)歌共305篇。B.魯迅是我國(guó)現(xiàn)代著名作家,他的小說(shuō)集有《吶喊》《彷徨》《野草》《故事新篇》等C.楚辭主要作家有屈原、宋玉等,代表作品《離騷》《九章》《九歌》等。D.??思{長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)《百年孤獨(dú)》是拉美魔幻現(xiàn)實(shí)主義經(jīng)典巨著。答案:C本題解析:暫無(wú)解析50、根據(jù)下面資料,回答題Humangrowthisaprocessofexperimentation,trial,anderroreventuallyleadingtowisdom.Eachtimeyouchoosetotrustyourselfandtakeaction,youcanneverquitebecertainhowthesituationwill16.Sometimesyouarevictorious,andsometimesyoubecomedisappointed.The17experiments,however,arenolessvaluablethantheexperimentsthatfinallyprovesuccessful;infact,you18learnmorefromyour"failures"thanyoudofromyour19.Ifyouhavemadewhatyouthinktobeamistakeorfailedtoliveuptoyourown20,youwillmostlikelyputupabarrierbetweenyouressenceandthepartofyouthatistheallegedwrong-doer.However,viewingpastactionsas21impliesguiltandblame,anditisnotpossibletolearnanythingmeaningfulwhileyouareengagedinblaming.22,forgivenessisrequiredwhenyouareseverelyjudgingyourself.Forgivenessistheactoferasingan23debt.Therearefourkindsofforgiveness.Thefirstisbeginnerforgivenessforyourself.Thesecondofforgivenessisbeginnerforgivenessforanother.Thethirdkindofforgivenessis24forgivenessofyourself.Thisisforseriousmisbehaviors,theonesyoucarrywithdeep25.Whenyoudosomethingthatviolatesyourownvaluesandprinciples,youcreateagapbetweenyourstandardsandyouractual26.Insuchacase,youneedtoworkveryhardat27yourselfforthesedeedssothatyoucanclosethisgap.Thisdoesnot28thatyoushouldrushtoforgiveyourselforshouldn′tfeelregret,29takingpleasureinthesefeelingsforaprolongedperiodoftimeisnothealthy.The30andperhapsmostdifficultoneistheadvancedforgivenessofanother.Atsometimeofourlife,youmayhavebeenseverelywrongedorhurtbyanotherpersontosuchadegreethatforgivenessseems31.However,harboringangerandrevengefantasiesonlykeepsyou32invictimhood.Undersuchacircumstance,youshA.mistakesB.fantasiesC.victoriesD.experiments答案:A本題解析:考查名詞辨析。mistakes“錯(cuò)誤”,fantasies“幻想”,victories“勝利”,experiments“實(shí)驗(yàn)”。根據(jù)空格后面的guiltandblame可知,這里是指把過(guò)去的行為當(dāng)作錯(cuò)誤而內(nèi)疚、自責(zé)。故選A。51、下列搭配正確的一項(xiàng)是()。A.《韓非子》——墨家B.《鬼谷子》——陰陽(yáng)家C.《呂氏春秋》——法家D.《孫臏兵法》——兵家答案:D本題解析:A項(xiàng),韓非子為法家代表人物;B項(xiàng),鬼谷子通百家之學(xué),不可以以一家之學(xué)來(lái)評(píng)判他的學(xué)問(wèn);C項(xiàng),《呂氏春秋》匯合了先秦各派學(xué)說(shuō),“兼儒墨,合名法”,故史稱“雜家”。52、提倡“為藝術(shù)而藝術(shù)”的是()。A.語(yǔ)絲派B.論語(yǔ)派C.創(chuàng)造社D.文學(xué)研究會(huì)答案:C本題解析:本題考查中國(guó)現(xiàn)當(dāng)代文學(xué)。C項(xiàng),創(chuàng)造社初期主張:“為藝術(shù)而藝術(shù)”強(qiáng)調(diào)文學(xué)必須忠實(shí)地表現(xiàn)作者自己的內(nèi)心要求;講求文學(xué)的美與全,推崇文學(xué)創(chuàng)造的直覺(jué)與靈感,比較重視文學(xué)的美感作用。故本題選C。53、我國(guó)教師的身份特征是()。A.國(guó)家干部B.專業(yè)人員C.公務(wù)員D.自由擇業(yè)者答案:B本題解析:我國(guó)教師的身份特征是專業(yè)人員。54、賈德的“水下?lián)舭袑?shí)驗(yàn)”表明,學(xué)習(xí)遷移的產(chǎn)生需要()。A.大量的形式訓(xùn)練B.兩種學(xué)習(xí)材料具有相同要素C.學(xué)習(xí)者能進(jìn)行有意義學(xué)習(xí)D.概括化的原理答案:D本題解析:賈德通過(guò)“水下?lián)舭袑?shí)驗(yàn)”提出了概括化理論。這個(gè)理論認(rèn)為,兩種學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)之間存在共同要素僅僅是知識(shí)產(chǎn)生遷移的必要前提,而遷移產(chǎn)生的關(guān)鍵是學(xué)習(xí)者在兩種活動(dòng)中通過(guò)概括形成了能夠泛化的共同原理。只要一個(gè)人對(duì)他的經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行了概括,就可以完成從一種情境到另一種情境的遷移。55、2013年6月11日,我國(guó)成功發(fā)射的首次應(yīng)用性飛行的載人飛船是()。A.神舟一號(hào)B.神舟五號(hào)C.神舟八號(hào)D.神舟十號(hào)答案:D本題解析:2013年6月11日17時(shí)38分神舟十號(hào)飛船發(fā)射成功,開(kāi)創(chuàng)了我國(guó)載人航天應(yīng)用性飛行先河。56、排球比賽中,當(dāng)發(fā)球隊(duì)員擊球瞬間,如果隊(duì)員不在其正確位置上則判為()。A.位置錯(cuò)誤犯規(guī)B.擊球位置犯規(guī)C.發(fā)球違例D.持球犯規(guī)答案:A本題解析:排球比賽中,當(dāng)發(fā)球隊(duì)員擊球瞬間,如果隊(duì)員不在其正確位置上則判為位置錯(cuò)誤犯規(guī)。57、Heworkstenhoursaday,makesmorethanUS$98000ayear,doesn′t16totakeholidays,dresses17hepleases.He′s18beenhappierandislookingforanotherjob.This33-year-oldwhite,university-educatedpersonisthetypicalInternetworker,accordingtoastudybytheIndustryStandard,aSanFrancisco-basednewsmagazine.Thereisalsoareasonablechancethathisemployerwillarrangehisdrycleaning,19himto20hisdogtowork,offerhimfleemassagesandgivehimstockoptions.Andhestillthinkspeopleinother21aredoing22.Thetypicalworker,itappears,notonlyenjoysanincomeabout23thenationalaveragebutalsoenjoyshimself.Atpresent2.5millionpeople24byInternetfirmsintheUS.The25ofthestudygiveplentyofreasons26somanypeoplethinkthegrassisgreenerinSiliconValley.27aftertech-stockssharply28inApril,29manystart-ups,thereisstillmoodofenthusiasmandspecialadvantageamongthosestillemployed.Sowhat3052percentofthem"veryhappy"?"Demandingwork"isgivenasthemainreasonand"salary"is31close32.Thosequestionedinthestudyalsolistedworkingweekendsand33holidaysassignsofthepleasureoftheworkplaces.Only13percentwerepaidfor34hoursworkwhile14percentputmorethan12hoursworkonanaverageday."Itwasn′tallabout35."wroteMaryAnnThompsonintheintroductiontothestudy,"Itwasfun."第(17)題選A.suchasB.asC.likeD.for答案:B本題解析:考查詞義辨析。as表示“按……方式”,dressashepleases意為“按照他高興的方式穿衣服”,也就是說(shuō)他想穿什么就穿什么。Suchas沒(méi)有此種用法。like表示“像”,for表示“因?yàn)椤?,均與句意不符。故選B。58、不久前,工信部向多家公司發(fā)放了5G牌照,并在多個(gè)城市(包括合肥)進(jìn)行5G試點(diǎn),這5G指的是()A.第5代移動(dòng)通信技術(shù)B.手機(jī)存儲(chǔ)容量至少為5GC.手機(jī)處理器主頻為5GH2以上D.手機(jī)上網(wǎng)帶寬帶最少為5G答案:A本題解析:無(wú)59、在下列選項(xiàng)中,屬于心理過(guò)程的是()A.意志B.能力C.氣質(zhì)D.興趣答案:A本題解析:心理過(guò)程分為認(rèn)知過(guò)程、情緒情感過(guò)程和意志過(guò)程。因此,答案為A項(xiàng)。能力、氣質(zhì)和興趣是個(gè)性心理的成分。60、Lifeisfullofupsanddowns,andillcanhelpstudentsavoidsomepotholes(坑洼)ontheroadoflife,Iwanttodo____________.A.itB.soC.oneD.any答案:B本題解析:考查代詞辨析。句意為“生活充滿起伏,如果我能夠幫助學(xué)生避免人生路上的坑洼,我愿意這樣做”。so指代前面的內(nèi)容helpstudentsavoidsomepotholes,充當(dāng)動(dòng)詞do的賓語(yǔ),故選B。61、“主張把一切知識(shí)教授給一切人和教育要適應(yīng)自然,提出了統(tǒng)一的學(xué)制系統(tǒng)以及新穎的教學(xué)原則、教學(xué)方法?!焙髞?lái)人們將其簡(jiǎn)稱為泛智教育,泛智教育是()提出的。A.《教育過(guò)程》B.<大教學(xué)論》C.《教育漫話》D.《教學(xué)與發(fā)展》答案:B本題解析:捷克教育家夸美紐斯在1632年出版的《大教學(xué)論》中提出了“泛智”教育思想,主張“把一切知識(shí)教授給一切人”和“教育要適應(yīng)自然”,提出了統(tǒng)一的學(xué)制系統(tǒng)以及新穎的教學(xué)原則、教學(xué)方法。62、提出最近發(fā)展區(qū)理論的心理學(xué)家是()。A.維果茨基B.布魯納C.加涅D.桑代克答案:A本題解析:暫無(wú)解析63、根據(jù)下面資料,回答B(yǎng)umrateisthespeedatwhichastartupbusinessconsumesmoney.Myratewouldbe$50,000amonthwhenmynewmediacompanystarted.So,Ibeganlookingaroundforindividualswhowouldbemyfirstinvestors."Angelmoney"itwascalled.ButwhenIreviewedmylistofacquaintancestofindthosewhomightbeabletohelp,Ifoundthenumbergotsmall.Withnootherchoices,Ibeganmeetingwiththeventure-capitalcompanies.ButIwaswarnedtheytookahugeshareofyourcompanyforthemoneytheyputin.Andifyoustruggled,theycoulddropyoucold.AsIwassearchingfor"angelmoney",IstartedtobuildateamwhotrustedmeeventhoughIdidn′thavemoneyforpayingchecksyet.BillBeckerwasanexpertincomputerprogrammingandimageprocessingataveryfamousMediaLabatM.I.T.Withhisarrival,mycompanysuddenlyhadamajortechnology"guy"in-house.KatherineHenderson,afilmmakerandaformerreal-estatedealer,joinedusasourdirectorofmarketresearch.SteveWhitecameonasoperatingoffice.Hehadworkedforthedeveloperofahome-financesoftware,Quicken.Wegrabbedhim.Wehadsomereallygoodpeople,butwestilldidn′thaveenoughmoney.Onenight,myneighbor,LouiseJohnson,cameforavisit.SheandIwereonlynoddingacquaintances,butherboysandourswereconstantcompanions.Sheranaverygoodbusinessatthetime.Louisewasbrilliantandmissednothing.Shehadbeenwatchingmyprogressclosely.SheknewIwasdyingformoneyandIhadprospectsbutcouldoffernoguaranteesofsuccess.Shetoldmethatherattorneyhadtalkedtomineandthetermshadbeenagreedupon.Shehandedmeanenvelope.Insidewasacheckfor$500,000.Ialmostfelldown.Iheardhervoiceasiffromheaven."Ihaveconfidenceinyourplan,"shesaid."You′lldowell.You′regoingtoworkforit,butit′ssatisfyingwhenyoubuildyourowncompany."WhoA.theywereunderpaidattheirpreviousjobsB.theywereturneddownbyothercompaniesC.theywereconfidentoftheauthorandhisbusinessD.theyweresatisfiedwiththesalariesinhiscompany答案:C本題解析:推斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“IstartedtobuildateamwhotrustedmeeventhoughIdidn’thavemoneyforpaychecksyet."可知,團(tuán)隊(duì)成員對(duì)作者及其創(chuàng)辦的公司很有信心,否則不會(huì)不計(jì)后果地給他做事。故選C。64、“先行組織者”教學(xué)策略是一種()的教學(xué)技術(shù)。A.強(qiáng)調(diào)直觀教學(xué)B.強(qiáng)調(diào)新知識(shí)與學(xué)生認(rèn)知結(jié)構(gòu)中適當(dāng)知識(shí)的聯(lián)系C.激勵(lì)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)D.引導(dǎo)學(xué)生的發(fā)現(xiàn)行為答案:B本題解析:“先行組織者”概念由奧蘇貝爾提出。這種先于學(xué)習(xí)本身呈現(xiàn)的引導(dǎo)性學(xué)習(xí)材料能使學(xué)習(xí)者在已有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上更好地理解新學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容。65、根據(jù)下面資料,回答B(yǎng)ythetimeIfinishedhighschool,myinterestinanimalshadgrown,andIenrolledatauniversitytostudybiology.Ilearnedsoonenoughthatstudyinganimalsatthislevelwasnotintheanimals′best31.Irememberonemidtermexamin32eachstudentwashandedalarge,freshly-killedfrogandinstructedtodissect(解剖)andmarkasetofbodyparts.Ilookedatthe33froginfrontofmeandwassaddenedthatherlifewas34awayforsuchaslightreason.Ayearlater,inthesamelabwhereIdissectedtheflog,Iperformedasmallactofanimaloperation.Wewere35onfruitflies,anditwastimetorecordthedistributionofcharacteristicsintheirnextgeneration.Flieswerekeptinsmallplasticbottles.Countingthenumberofflieswithwhiteorredeyesrequiredfirstexposingthemtoether(乙醚)36theycouldnotmove.Theflieswerethenspreadontoapieceofwhitepaper37andcounted.Whenthedatacollectionwascomplete,theflieshadnofurtheruse,andourinstructionsweretoputthemintoasmallglassdishofoilatthecenterofeachdesk,whichwastobetheirfinalresting38.Oncemylittlepileofflieshadbeencounted,Ipushedthemofftheedgeofthepaper.Aswerecordedourdata,Ikeptoneeye39them.Withinminutesthepilewashumming(嗡嗡叫)astinylegsandwingsbeattheirwayoutoftheetherfog.Iwasextremelyexcitedastheytookflight.Thatwasmyfirststepinrefusingtoconductscientificresearchthattreatednonhumanlifeina(n)40way.第(33)題選A.aliveB.deadC.livingD.wounded答案:B本題解析:考查語(yǔ)義理解。結(jié)合上文的freshly-killedfrog,這里應(yīng)該用dead“死的”。故選B。66、下列各句中,加點(diǎn)成語(yǔ)使用正確的一項(xiàng)是()。A.王老師是位儒雅謙和的師長(zhǎng),前后共招了七名博士生。我忝列門墻,且為大弟子,接受教誨的機(jī)會(huì)更多一些。B.《威尼斯商人》中,緊張激烈的沖突,波瀾起伏的情節(jié),出乎意料的結(jié)局,讓人毛骨悚然。C.杭州G20峰會(huì)的成功舉辦,讓世人再次想起8年前在國(guó)際金融危機(jī)緊要關(guān)頭,二十國(guó)集團(tuán)臨危授命,同舟共濟(jì),把世界經(jīng)濟(jì)拉回到穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的軌道上。D.實(shí)施“

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