湖南省五市十校教研教改共同體2022屆高三上學(xué)期第二次大聯(lián)考（12月）英語Word版含答案

絕密★啟用前五市十校教研教改共同體·2022屆高三第二次大聯(lián)考英語本試卷共8頁。全卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。注意事項：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在本試卷和答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)的答案標(biāo)號涂黑，如有改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案；回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話，每段對話后有一個小題。從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatstillneedstobecleaned?A.Thekitchenfloor.B.Thedishes.C.Thetruck.2.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Brotherandsister.C.Friends.3.Whichdustbinisforgrass?A.Thegreenone.B.Thebrownone.C.Theblueone.4.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Helpthebirdlearntofly.B.Attackthecat.C.Savethebird.5.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atafruitmarket.B.Atalocalshop.C.Atafarm.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoestheboywanttodo?A.Walkfurther.B.Havearest.C.Gofaster.7.Whatdoestheboythinkofdoingexercise?A.Funny.B.Exciting.C.Painful.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatisinthewoman'ssalad?A.Somefish.B.Somechicken.C.Somebeef.9.Whydoesn'tthewomaneatmeat?A.Shelovesanimalstoomuch.B.Shewantstobeingoodshape.C.Shedoesn'tliketheflavorofmeat.10.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Gonextdoor.B.Tryalittlebiteofmeat.C.Givehermeattotheman.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatdothespeakersagreetodothisweekend?A.Goonatrip.B.Gettheircarrepaired.C.Turnofftheelectricityathome.12.Whatdoesthemanthinkabouttheplan?A.Hethinksit'sacrazyidea.B.Hedoubtsifhecanconductit.C.Hebelieveshecancarryoutiteasily.13.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.SurftheInternet.B.Getreadytogoout.C.Lookupsomeinformationinthebook.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatwasthewomanresponsiblefor?A.Creatingmoreparkingspaces.B.Improvingthefoodintheschool.C.Gettingmorecomputersforstudents.15.Whatismostimportanttothewoman?A.Improvingtheschool'sreputation.B.Increasingstudents'accesstoresources.C.Makinglifeeasierforparentsandteachers.16.Whatisthemanexcitedabout?A.Dancingattheendofthemonth.B.Seeingthesciencefairnextweek.C.Attendingthespringconcertnextmonth.17.Whoistheman?A.Astudentleader.B.Aschoolprincipal.C.Aschoolreporter.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whyismusicconsideredasatoolaccordingtothetalk?A.Itisusedforcuringanimals.B.Ithelpsinfluenceouremotions.C.Itremindsuswhattimeofyearitis.19.Whatdoesclassicalmusicdotolistenersaccordingtothetalk?A.Somethingthatmakesthempeaceful.B.Somethingthatmakesthemserious.C.Somethingthatcausesthemtoremember.20.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Musicatwork.B.Musicinscience.C.Musicandpainting.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C、和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AYoungerreaderswilldiscoverdinosaurs,stars,explorers,landmarksandmoreinthesemapsandtravelbookschosenbyVivienGodfrey,headofStanfords.MapsSpecialEdition,￡25Thisbookwasalreadypopularinourchildren'sdepartmentandhasbeenmadeevenbetterwiththisspecialedition,whichincludes16newmaps.Thecollectionof68mapstakesyouthrough58countriesandsixcontinents.Itispackedwithillustratedinformation,whichincludesfamoushistoricalfigures,localdishes,festivals,wildanimalsandlandmarks.MapsoftheUnitedKingdom,￡17.99WeheldthelaunchforMapsoftheUnitedKingdomattheStanfordsstoreinLondon.Technicallyaimedatchildren,itcontainslotsofinformationandfacts.It'ssowellputtogether,especiallywhenitcomestochoosingthesevenfamouspeoplewithaconnectiontoeachcounty:Norfolk,forexample,includesBoudiccaandPhilipPullman.HarryPotter'sLondon:TheFilmLocationWalk,￡3.99HarryPotter'sLondonisamapthatfeaturesinformationonthreewalkstakinginthebestofthecentralLondonlocationsfeaturedinthehugelypopularfilms.ThewalkscoverPiccadillyCircustoWestminsterBridgeviaTrafalgarSquare;King'sCrossstation,withitsfamousPlatform9.UsborneFirstStickerBookFlags,￡5.99Learntheflagsofeverycountryintheworldbyplacingtheflagstickersonthecorrectcountriesonthemaps.Thiscontainsfascinatingfactsaboutcountriesandwhycertainflagsfeaturetheirparticulardesigns.Therearefunquestionsthroughout,including,"SomeAfricanflagshaveadiagonalstripe.Howmanycanyoufind?"21.Whatdothefirstandseconditemshaveincommon?A.Theyincludelocalcuisine.B.Theyareintendedforchildren.C.Theywerereleasedatthesamestore.D.Theycantakeyouthroughdifferentcountries.22.WhichofthefollowingfeaturesthecentralLondonlocations?A.MapsSpecialEdition.B.MapsoftheUnitedKingdom.C.HarryPotter'sLondon.D.UsborneFirstStickerBookFlags.23.Wherecanthetextbefound?A.Atravelbrochure.B.Afashionmagazine.C.Anonlinecourse.D.Abookstoreadvertisement.BIspentmychildhoodcollectingandpressingfour-leafclovers(三葉草)intobooksatmymother'shouse.Istartedwithbigcloth-and-leather-boundbooks.WhenIranoutofboundvolumes,IbegantoslipmytreasuresintoanythingIcouldfind,suchasoldfictionpaperbacksandcookbooks.Thesameistrueinmyhousetoday.Shakeabook,andatreasurejustmightfallintoyourhand.Afewyearsago,inNovaScotia,myhusbandandIpulledofftheroadforapicnic.Thegroundwasthickwithclovers.Someshootshadfour,five,orevensixleaves.Ilinedthemuponthepicnictabletoadmire.Tome,itwassimple.Thedifferencesintheirshapesmadethemstandout,breakingtheprettypatternofthecommoncloverswiththreeperfectleaves.Twosummersback,whilewaitingforanairportshuttleinMunich,Ifoundatinyfour-leafcloverinatrafficcircleandputitinmypassport.Onthewayhome,myhusbandandIwereupgradedtobusinessclass.Allofmyfriendsowedittotheclover.Ithinkit'ssomelikelythatwewereupgradedbecauseaflightwaspostponed,whichleftustrappedintwocitiesforseveralhours.Peopledisagreeaboutwhethertheluckcomesforfindingorpossessingaclover.Somebelievethattheluckislostifthefour-leafcloverisshowntosomebodyelse,whileothersthinkthattheluckdoublesifitisgivenaway.Ibelievethatpositivityiscompoundedbysharing.Ifeelluckytofindthecloverssooften,butIdon'tthinktheyinfluencemylifeanymorethanitdoestoshareanythingalittlespecialwithafriendorastranger.24.Whatwastheauthor'shobbyasachild?A.Keepingfour-leafclovers.B.Collectingdifferentkindsofbooks.C.Readingalotofleather-boundbooks.D.Decoratinghermother'shousewithvarioustreasures.25.Whatdidtheauthordowhenshehadapicnic?A.Shepickedsomeextraordinaryclovers.B.Sheclearedaroadfullycoveredwithclovers.C.ShedecidedtostayinNovaScotiatoenjoyclovers.D.Shedamagedsomeprettykindsofconventionalclovers.26.Whatresultedintheauthor'sbeingupgradedtobusinessclass?A.Thefriends'help.B.Theflightdelay.C.Herhusband'scompany.D.Herpassportwiththetinyfour-leafclover.27.Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthetext?A.Toadvisereaderstolookforclovers.B.Toencouragereaderstosharewithothers.C.Toshowreaderstheinfluenceofgoodluck.D.Totellreadersthewaysofkeepingclovers.CPastsurveyshaveshownthatmorethan80%ofdogownersreportobservingjealousbehaviorfromtheirdogs-vocalizations,disturbedbehavior,pullingonaleash(繩子)-whentheygiveattentiontootherdogs.NewresearchpublishedinthejournalPsychologicalSciencesupportstheseobservationsandfindsthatdogsalsoexhibitjealousbehaviorwhentheymerelyimaginethattheirownerisinteractingwithapotentialopponent,inthiscase,ahighlyrealisticartificialdog.Dogsappeartobeoneofthefewspeciesthatmightdisplayjealousbehaviorinwayssimilartoahumanchildshowingjealousywhentheirmothergivesaffectiontoanotherchild.Inhumans,jealousyiscloselylinkedwithself-awareness,whichisonereasonanimal-cognitionresearchersaresointerestedinstudyingjealousyandothersecondaryemotionsinanimals.Totesthowandwhendogsdisplayjealousbehavior,theresearcherspresented18dogswithsituationswheretheycouldimagineasocialinteractionbetweentheirhumancompanionandeitherarealisticfakedogorawoolcylinder(圓柱).Thefakedogservedasapotentialopponentforattentionwhilethecylinderservedasacontrol.Intheexperiment,thedogsobservedthefake-dogopponentpositionednexttotheirowner.Abarrierwasthenplacedbetweenthedogandthepotentialopponentstoppingthemfromview.Despiteblockingthelineofsight,thedogsforcefullyattemptedtoreachtheirownerswhentheyappearedtostrokethefakedogbehindthebarrier.Inarepeatexperimentusingafleececylinderratherthanafakedog,thedogspulledontheleashwithfarlessforce.Throughtheirstudy,theresearchersfoundthatdogsshowedthreehuman-likefeaturesofjealousbehavior.Thisbehavioremergedonlywhentheirownerinteractedwithanoticedsocialopponentandnotalifelessobject;occurredasaconsequenceofthatinteractionandnotduetoapotentialopponent'smerepresence;andemergedevenforanout-of-sightinteractionbetweentheirownerandasocialopponent."Theseresultssupportclaimsthatdogsdisplayjealousbehavior.Theyalsoprovidethefirstevidencethatdogscanmentallyrepresentjealousy-causingsocialinteractions,"saidtheresearchers."Butthereisstillplentyofworktodotoestablishtheextentofthesimilaritiesbetweenthemindsofhumansandotheranimals,especiallyintermsofunderstandingthenatureofnonhumananimals'emotionalexperiences.Itistooearlytosaywhetherdogsexperiencejealousyaswedo,butitisnowclearthattheyreacttojealousy-causingsituations,eveniftheseoccuroutofsight."28.WhydoestheauthormentionthenewresearchinPsychologicalScience?A.Tomakecomparison.B.Tomakeaprediction.C.Toprovideexample.D.Tointroducethetopic.29.Whywasabarrierusedintheexperiment?A.Todistractdogs'attention.B.Toblockthesightofthedog.C.Toserveasapotentialcompetitor.D.Toprotectthefakedogfromattack.30.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Dogscanexperiencejealousyashumansdo.B.Dogsmakereactionsbasedontheirimagination.C.Moreresearchisneededtostudyemotionsofanimals.D.Itisthefirsttimethatdogshaverepresentedjealousbehaviormentally.31.Whichofthefollowingisthesuitabletitleforthetext?A.Aredogsjealousashumans?B.Dogs,faithfulfriendsofhumans!C.Becarefulaboutthejealousdogs!D.Aredogsthemostcleveranimals?DHarvardscientistshavecreateda"bionic(仿生的)leaf"thatturnssolarenergyintoliquidfuel.TheworkisthefruitofcooperationbetweenProfessorPamelaSilveratHarvardMedicalSchoolandProfessorDanielNoceraintheFacultyofArtsandSciences.Thepair,whobegancooperatingtwoyearsago,shareaninterestindevelopingenergysourcesthatmightsomedayhavepracticalapplicationinremoteareasinthedevelopingworld.Silvernamedthesystem"bionic"becauseitjoinsabiologicalsystemtoacleverpieceofinorganicchemistrypreviouslydevelopedbyNocera:thatinvention,widelyknownastheartificialleaf,turnssolarenergyintohydrogenfuel.Nocera'sartificialleaf,whichservesasfuelsourceinthebionicleaf,worksbysandwichingaphotovoltaiccells(光電池)betweentwometaloxidecatalysts(氧化催化物).Whenputinwateratroomtemperatureandnormalatmosphericpressure,theartificialleafcopiesphotosynthesis(光合作用).Nocerahasbeenperfectingtheartificialleafsincehefirstdemonstrateditin2011;today.itisfarmoreefficientthanafield-grownplant,whichassimilatesonly1percentofsunlight'senergy.Thehydrogenisafuelwithabroaduse,Nocerareports,andcouldeasilybecomethebasisofafuelcell,butithasnotbeenwidelyadopted,partlybecauseitisagas.Bycontrast,liquidfuelsaremucheasiertohandleandstore."Modernsociety",saysNocera,"hascreatedanentiremanufacturingeconomybasednotonlyonburningfossilfuels,butonusingpetroleumtomakethingssuchasrubberandplastics.""Alotofchemistrywasdonewhichsetthatup,"henotes.Thepresentsystemmakessensenowbecausepetroleumcostssolittle;asustainablesystemliketheartificialorbionicleafcan'tcompetewiththat.Butwhenoilbecomeslessandless,hesay,"Wemightwanttoredoeverythingintermsofmanufacturing.Inthefuture,youmightwanttomakeeverythingrenewable.Then,youcantrustbionicleaf."32.Whatcanbeimpliedfromthesecondparagraph?A.Thepairinventedtheartificialleaf.B.BionicleafgotitsnamefromitsinventiondevelopedbyNocera.C.Thepairareconcernedaboutenergysourcesindevelopingcountries.D.Bothbionicleafandartificialleafcanchangesolarenergyintoliquidfuel.33.Theunderlined"assimilates"inparagraph3mostnearlymeans.A.recordsB.absorbsC.attractsD.equals34.WhydoesNocerahavefaithinbionicleaf?A.Fossilfuelsnowareexhaustedandcannotbeemployed.B.Bionicleafguaranteesasustainableenergysupplycomparedwithoil.C.Liquidfuelscreatedbybionicleafaremucheasiertohandleandstore.D.Bionicleafisfarmoreefficientthanafield-grownplantandfossilfuels.35.Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutconcerningthebionicleaf?A.Itsscientificefficiency.B.Itscurrentcommercialuses.C.Itsdevelopmentandsignificance.D.Itsdifferencefromtheartificialleaf.第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Sciencecanhelpyouimproveyourstudymethods.Formorethan100years,psychologistshavedoneresearchonwhichstudyhabitsworkbest.36.Hereare4tipstoimproveyourstudyhabits.SpaceoutyourstudyingNateKornell,apsychologistatWilliamsCollege,thinksit'sagoodideatostudythedaybeforeabigtest.37.Instead,spaceoutthosestudysessions.Kornellcomparesourmemorytowaterinabucketthathasasmallleak.Trytorefillthebucketwhileit'sstillfull,andyoucan'taddmuchmorewater.Allowtimebetweenstudysessions,andsomeofthematerialmaydripoutofyourmemory.Butthenyou'llbeabletorelearnitandlearnmoreinyournextstudysession.Practice,practice,practice!Musicianspracticetheirinstruments.Athletespracticesportsskills.38."Ifyouwanttobeabletorememberinformation,thebestthingyoucandoispractice,"saysKatherineRawson.She'sapsychologistatKentStateUniversityinOhio.Inone2013study,studentstookpracticetestsoverseveralweeks.Onthefinaltest,theyscoredmorethanafulllettergradebetter,onaverage,thanstudentswhostudiedthewaytheynormallyhad.TestyourselfNebel'spreferredstudyhabitisoneofthebestway.Beforebigtests,Nebel'smomquizzedheronthematerial."NowIknowthatwasretrieval(檢索)practice,"shesays.AsNebelgotolder,shequizzedherself."39,"Nebelsuggests."Putquestionsononesideandtheanswersontheothersideandtrytoquizyourselfthewaytheteacherasksquestions,"sheadds.DigdeeperIt'shardtorememberastringoffactsandfiguresifyoudon'tpushfurther.Askwhythingsareacertainway.Howdidtheycomeabout?Whydotheymatter?Psychologistscallthiselaboration.It'stakingclassmaterialandaskingalotofhowandwhyquestionsaboutit.Thishelpsyoucombinenewinformationwithotherthingsyouknow.Anditcreatesabiggernetworkinyourbrainofthingsthatrelatetooneanother,shesays.40.A.ThesameshouldgoforlearningB.SometipshelpforalmosteverysubjectC.Ofcourse,nothingcanreplacestudyingwithyourmotherD.SomeexpertsholdthatstudyinglateatnightcanbereallyusefulE.ThatlargernetworkmakesiteasiertolearnandrememberthingsF.CreateapackofflashcardseverytimeyoulearnnewinformationG.Butresearchshowsit'sabadideatoforceallyourstudyingintothatday第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。WhenIwasonly13yearsold,SARSbrokeout.ButIstillrememberonemomentwhenseveraldaysbeforeamathexam,ourteacherabruptlytoldusithadbeen41becauseofSARS.Shealsosaidwewouldtakelessonsathome.Aspreparingfortheexamhadgivenme42,itfeltasifallmydreamswerecomingtrue.Isangsongsonmywayhome.WhenIreachedhome,myfather43toldmenottogooutforamonth.Thiswas44news,asIhadn'tplannedtogooutanyway.Oh,how45!Icouldplaygames,watchTVseriesandeatsnacksdayandnight.Alltheseactivitieswereonmychecklist.However,afterfinishingalltheactivitiesonthelist,mystomachwasfullbutmybrainwas46.Onreturningtoschool,ourteacherhadn'tforgottenaboutthetest,butI47torememberhowtosolvemostofthemathproblems.Myfirst48ofself-quarantining(自我隔離)athomemademerealizethatthe49wasn'tabouthavingfun.SowhenCOVID-19brokeout,beingquarantinedmademe50mychildhooddays17yearsago.Theviruswillbe51onedayandwhenitis,noexamwilllieinwait.However,asI'mnolongerastudent,homeisfarmorethana/an52placeinwhichtoeat,drinkandhavefun.Myfriendsalsofeelthattheirtimespentathomehashelpedthem53morethanusual.Somehavebecome54homechefs,whileothershavefinishedreadingWarandPeace.Onehastaughthimselfaforeignlanguage.To55mychildhoodshortcomings,Ihavesignedupforamathclasswithanonlineplatform.41.A.refusedB.lengthenedC.canceledD.regulated42.A.dutyB.headacheC.surpriseD.destruction43.A.JokinglyB.deliberatelyC.randomlyD.seriously44.A.disappointingB.interestingC.amazingD.frustrating45.A.joyfulB.painfulC.boringD.encouraging46.A.disorderedB.uneasyC.vacantD.unqualified47.A.failedB.managedC.desiredD.planned48.A.memoryB.experienceC.impressionD.complaint49.A.processB.progressC.activityD.base50.A.appreciateB.recallC.ignoreD.cherish51.A.neglectedB.forgottenC.controlledD.tested52.A.frighteningB.isolatingC.sportingD.relaxing53.A.expectB.readC.thinkD.achieve54.A.skilledB.hardworkingC.awardedD.first-class55.A.makeuseofB.makesenseofC.makeupforD.makeroomfor第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ChineseastronautWangYapingmadehistoryonNovember1,2021,whenshebecamethecountry'sfirstwomantoconductaspacewalk.WangandfellowastronautZhaiZhigang,twoofthethree-memberteamatChina'snewTiangongspacestation。successfully56(complete)the6.5hourspacewalkintheearlyhoursofthatday.Duringthespacewalk,theteaminstalled57air-springsuspensiondeviceandtransferconnectorstothestation'sroboticarm.Theyalsotestedthe58(safe)ofsupportingequipment,includingChina'sdomestically59(produce)spacesuit.It'sthefirsttimethecrewhaveexitedthestation60theyarrivedonOctober16.Shortlyaftersteppingoutofthespacestation'scabin,Wang61(gentle)wavedtoaudiencesonEarthandsaidshefeltgreat,inavideoreleasedbytheflightcontrolcenter.SheisChina'ssecondwomaninspace,afterLiuYangmadehistoryby62(join)theShenzhou-9spacecraftin2012.ChinesestatemediahighlightedWang'sachievement.Beforeher,only15womengloballyhadconductedspacewalkssince1984,63SovietastronautSvetlanaSavitskayabecamethefirsttodoso.Sofar,thevastmajorityoffemalespacewalkers64(be)AmericanNASAastronauts.Femalespacewalkersare"anintegra