分院新生準備金屬屑

發(fā)動機金屬屑

常見金屬屑

分析與處理許小強2004-5-132GENERALINFORMATION

綜述1.DON'TPANIConsmallamountsofshinyflakesorsmallamountsofshorthair-likebitsofmagneticmaterial.Experiencehasshownthatenginesaresometimespulledunnecessarily.發(fā)動機出現少量閃亮的薄片或少量短毛發(fā)狀磁性材料，經驗表明沒有必要每次都要拆下發(fā)動機。2004-5-1332.DON'TPANICifit'salowtimeengine.Afewbitsofmetalleftfrommanufacturingarenottoomonintheoilscreenorfiltersonnew,remanufactured,oroverhauledengines.對于新的、翻新的或翻修的發(fā)動機，如果使用時間很短，在滑油濾網或油濾中發(fā)現加工過程中殘留的少量金屬也并不是太罕見。因此也不要驚慌。2004-5-1343.DON'TPANIC.Againifit'salow-timeengine,itmaybeareplacementforonethathadpreviouslysufferedastructuralfailure.Themetalmayhavejustbeendislodgedfromsomehidingplaceintheoilcooler,oillinesoroiltank.如果是使用時間很短的發(fā)動機，可能前面換下來的發(fā)動機結構出現問題產生的金屬屑殘存在滑油散熱器、滑油管路或滑油箱中的隱匿部位，在工作中沖到滑油系統。2004-5-1354.Item3bringsuptheimportanceofproperlycleaningallitemstransferredfromafailedenginetoareplacementengine.Ondrysumpengines,don'toverlookcleaningoftheoiltank.Oilcoolersandoillinesshouldbecleanedbyaprovenmethod,orreplaced.對于第三條所述的由故障發(fā)動機帶給換上發(fā)動機金屬屑的所有項目都要認真清洗，對于收油池發(fā)動機不需清洗滑油箱，滑油散熱器和導管采用有效的方法進行清晰或更換。2004-5-1365.Insomerarecaseswherethepleatedcylindricaltypeoilscreenisused,thescreenitselfmaybemakingmetal.Closelyinspecttheendoftheinternalreliefvalveball.Iftheballisdeformed,thismaybetheculprit.Replacethescreenassembly.在極少數使用褶狀圓柱型滑油濾網的情況下，濾網本身可能產生金屬。仔細檢查里面釋壓活門滾珠端，如果滾珠變形，這可能就是原因所在。更換滑油濾網。2004-5-137EXAMPLES

舉例說明1.Severalpiecesofshinyflake-like,nonmagnetic,orseveralshorthair-likepiecesofmagneticmaterial–placeaircraftbackinserviceandagaincheckoilscreenorfilterin25hours.幾片閃亮的非磁性薄片，或幾段短毛發(fā)狀磁性材料。--飛行25小時再檢查油濾和滑油濾網。2004-5-1382.AsinItem1,butlargeramount,suchas45-60smallpieces-cleanscreen,drainoil,andrefill.Runengineongroundfor20-30minutes.Inspectscreen.Ifclean,flyaircraftfor1to2hoursandagaininspectscreen.Ifclean,inspectscreenafter10hoursofflighttime.在上述1中，如果量比較大，45-60片。清洗滑油濾網，更換滑油（必要時更換散熱器、清洗管路），地面運轉發(fā)動機20-30分鐘，再檢查滑油濾網如果清潔,飛行1-2小時,再檢查滑油濾網，如果清潔,飛行10小時,再檢查滑油濾網，2004-5-1393.Chunksofmetalranginginsizeofbrokenleadpencilpointorgreater.Removesuction(sump)screenaslargepiecesofmetalmayhavefallenintothesump.Inanyevent,groundaircraftandconductinvestigation.Amixtureofmagneticandnonmagneticmaterialinthiscaseoftentimesmeansvalveorringandpistonfailure.Removingbottomsparkplugsusuallyrevealstheoffendingcylinder.2004-5-1310出現象鉛筆尖或比其大的塊狀金屬屑。拆下收油池滑油濾網，可能會發(fā)現掉進收油池的大的金屬屑，無論如何，停止飛行，調查原因。常見情況出現磁性與非磁性混合材料，這種情況表明氣門、漲圈和活塞故障。拆下下部火花塞一般會發(fā)現出現問題的氣缸。2004-5-13114.Nonmagneticplatingaveragingapproximately1/16"indiameter;mayhaveCOPPERISHtint.Quantityfound-1/4teaspoonfulormore;groundaircraftandinvestigate.2004-5-1312非磁性含銅成分鍍層，如果直徑大約1/16吋，數量為1/4叉勺，停下飛機查明原因.5.SameasItem4,butmaybeslightlylargerinsizeandminuscopperiesttint.Ondirectdriveengines,propelleractionmaybeimpaired.Groundaircraftandinvestigate.跟上述4一樣,但尺寸大些,含銅成分少些,在直接驅動式發(fā)動機上,螺旋槳工作性能可能變差,停下飛機查明原因.2004-5-13136.Nonmagneticmetalbrassorcopperiestcolored.Resemblescoarsesandinconsistency.Quantityof1/4teaspoonfulormore-groundaircraftandinvestigate.出現非磁性黃銅或含銅色金屬,類似粘狀粗砂,數量在1/4茶勺或更多,停下飛機查明原因.2004-5-13147.Anytimemetalisfoundintheamountof1/2teaspoonfulormore,itisusuallygroundsforengineremoval.Anexceptionshouldbewhereproblemisconfinedtoonecylinderassembly(rings,valves,piston,cylinder).Inthiscase,iftheentireenginedoesnotappeartobecontaminated,theoffendingcylinderassemblykitmaybereplaced.Aftercorrectiveactioniscompleted,conducttheroutinegroundrunningandscreeninspectionaspreviouslydescribedinItem2.2004-5-1315在任何時候,如果發(fā)現金屬屑數量在1/2茶勺或更多,通常需要更換發(fā)動機.一種情況出外,就是確定問題出現在氣缸組件(漲圈,氣門,活塞,缸體),在這種情況下.如果整臺發(fā)動機遭受污染,更換出現問題的氣缸組件,地面試車并檢查油濾.2004-5-1316Asanimportantpostscriptto"SuggestionsifMetalisFoundintheScreensorFilter,"factorypersonnelhaveeconcernedoverunnecessaryengineremovalsbecausemetalwasfoundinareplacementengineafterapriormalfunctioningenginewasremoved.Theseunfortunateengineremovalswerelargelycausedbymaintenancepersonnelfailingtothoroughlyflushandcleanallaircraftoilsystemcomponents.2004-5-1317作為“如果在濾網和油濾中發(fā)現金屬屑的建議”的重要的結束語:工廠的人員越來越關心先前故障發(fā)動機換下后換上發(fā)動機由于發(fā)現金屬屑造成不必要的更換.這些不幸被換下的發(fā)動機主要原因是由于機務人員未能徹底沖洗和清潔飛機的滑油系統部件.2004-5-1318Becauseofthedifficultyofremovingcontaminationfromoilcooler,itisstronglysuggestedthatanewoilcoolerbeusedwiththereplacementenginewhenanengineisremovedbecauseitfailed.由于從滑油散熱器清除污染具有難度,極力建議當發(fā)動機由于金屬屑更換發(fā)動機時,同時更換滑油散熱器.2004-5-1319在維修中遇到在收油池或油濾或濾網處發(fā)現碎墊片在發(fā)動機中能夠出現墊片的可能性滑油泵齒輪的墊片厚度大約1.5mm，內徑大約8.3mm，外徑大約