自然崩落法全英文四壹

SITEINVESTIGATIONSTheneedforbalanceCONTENTSInvestigationtechniquescoveredbyothersTheneedforbalanceandfocusKeylearning'sfromotherprojectsMRMRKeyfailure“Extensivegeotechnicalinvestigationsareconductedthatarenotfocusedonpracticalminingengineeringdesigninputparametersfortheproject”

InvestigationrulesAikhalprincipleWhatamIgettingoutofthis?EveryinvestigationmusthaveanprojectinputdeliverableEverypieceofdatamustrelatedtoinvestigationinputdeliverableTheabovemusthaveanauditstrailUseonlyestablishedinvestigationmethodsInvestigationaudittrailMeasurementofRQDInputintoRMR&MRMRDriftsupportmeasuresdeterminedfromempiricaltablesusingtheabovevaluesWhenareinvestigationsneeded?Laubscher’srules(1993)Greenfield'sprojectsNewminingblocks/orebodies(Brownfield's)Pit/undergroundtransitionWhengeotechnicalenvironmentscausetheneedtoreviewthecurrentminingmethodAimsofinvestigationsGeotechnicalinvestigationdataisusedtodetermine: -Whatisitgoingtobelikeminingdownthere? -Cavingmethodselection -Cavabilityassessment -Subsidence/gloryholedefinition -Mineinfrastructurelocationanddesign -Mininglayoutdesign -Supportdesign -Cavinghazardassessmentdata(e.g.soilassessmentsformudrushes -Estimatesofminewaterinflows -Fragmentationandproductionbuild-upstudies

ProjectstagesDesktopstudyScopingstudyPre-feasibilitystudyFeasibilitystudyDesktopstudyGeneralgeologicalinformationInformationfrompreviousstudiesInternetsites(SIMRAC)OtherminesEstimatesofrockparametersEstimatesclassificationvaluesfromgeologyLimitedconfirmationmappingorcoreloggingInternetinformationROCKTYPERMRQAmphibolite55–673.4–12.9BandedIronstone55–753.4–31.3Chromitite47–541.4–3.0Dolerite57–634.2–8.3Dolomite68–7114.4–20.1Granite/gneiss60–845.9–85.2Kimberlite35–550.37–3.4Massivesulphide63–748.3–28.0Metagabbro50–661.9–11.5Pyroxenite53–802.7–54.6Quartzite58–804.7–54.6Sandstone38–580.51–4.7Schist25–550.12–3.4Shale55–693.4–16.1Ventersdorplava55–723.4–22.4SCOPINGSTUDIESGeneralinformationClassificationmappingandloggingBasicdefinitionofgeotechnicaldomainsWhereistheweakareaintheorebodyAboverequiredforblockattackSomerocktestparameter’sGeologicalandstructuralinformationUnderstandingthegeotechicalcomplexityMRMRcanbeusedtoscopingstudyaccuraciesSomeAEmeasurementsGeneralinformationOtherstudiesInformationfrompit/otherminesClassificationvaluesStructuraltrendsMajorstructuresRockparametersMinepumpinginformationShaftsinkinghistory/declinedevelopmentCavinghistoryExcavationsupporthistoryMajorfailures

StructuraldataFaults.Dykes,weakzones,contacts,shearzonesOff-settingoforebodyFaults/contacts,tectonicstressesChimneycavingareasPre-maturecaving/cavetriggeringareasMassivewedgefailurecausinginfantriesdestructionWeakarea,caveinitationzones,dilutioningresszonesFaults/contactsareasofpointloaddestructionKeylearning’sPutgeneralinformationtogetherbeforegeotechnicalinvestigationsstartConstructGDMorMRMMifconfusedUsegeneralinformationtofocusnewstudiesCheckqualityofpreviouscoreloggingCheckqualityofnewlogging&mapping(30%)FullylogallgeotechnicalcoreTraingeologistinreasonsfordatacollectionFullgeotechnicallogRQDHardnessNumberofjoints/jointspacingSmall/largescaleconditionJointinfillingAlterationDatacanbeturnedintoratingsPre-feasibility/feasibilitystudiesMajordrillingProgrammes30%ofgeologicalholesgeotechnicallyloggedDefinitionjointsets,200readspersetJointdatastatisticaldistributionsAdditionalholesformajorstructuresMappingofexplorationaditsConstructionofGDM/MRMMFullrangerockparameters(e.g.UCS,Eetc)Additioninvestigationsforshafts&declinesAdditionalexplorationofmajorstructuresHydrologicaldomainmodelanddataRockcommutationdata/AEorinstustressmeasurementsInvestigationoutputsClassificationresults:

-GDM/MRMM -Weakareasforcaveinitiation/cavability -Infrastructurelocation/stability -subsidencegloryholedefinition -Supportestimates -DrawpointspacingJointdata: -Statisticaldistributionsfortracelength,spacing,dip/direction -Fragmentation&hang-upforproductionramp -deterministicanalysis(backwedge)supportdesign -Blastingfragmentationanalysis -Advancenumericalmodelinginputs(UDEC/3DEC)Outputs(continue)Rockparameters: -UCSvaluesforclassificationresults -numericalmodelingparameters -Shearstrengthvaluesforwedgeanalysisforsupportdesign -cavabilityassessmentRockstressdata:

-Stresstrendsanddirections -Modesofexcavationfailure -directionofcavefrontretreat -Numericalmodelingdatainputs -cavabilityassessment

Outputs(Continue)Hydrogeological/rainfalldata:

-Rockmassclassificationdatainputs -Minepumpingrequirements -Flood/mudrushassessmentrisks -supportdesigninputs(weatheringrock)Minerallogical -Weatheringpotential -mudrushpotential -Swelling/squeezingplasticdeformormingrocks -ShotCretebondingRockmassclassificationUse3ratingsystemsMRMR

-Supportdesign -Drawpointspacing -Cavability -Gloryholedefinition -Rockmassstrengthestimates(DRMSvalues)Barton’s‘Q”

-orepassstabilityassessment(Stacey2001) -checksupportdesign,shotcretethickness -Decline/shaftsupportthroughsoftnearsurfacerocksRMR/GSI

-Modelinginputparameters

Key題le諸arn傅ing客'sDef腸ine將th贈(zèng)ed構(gòu)ril親lin啄gg趙eom圓etr高ya攔ts債cop伙ingAvo主id白joi析nt逗set床bi奏asAv素oi員d遼dr繼il糖li蒙ng塔b在as最isUn高de級(jí)rs武ta恢nd塑t旱he匹e派nv窗ir報(bào)on縫me譯nt捐b講ef曠or劣e吊de習(xí)ta姨il秋ed風(fēng)w般or神k脆st云ar膀tsKno英ww促hat煤th麻ek僵ey娛del布ive孔rab攏les寬ar皮eUs庭e漠mo們de曲ls折t熔o哭un蹲de潔rs叨ta勇nd委t腳he介e草nv享ir隙on贊me護(hù)ntUse斷mo持del版st疊ou拒nde滿(mǎn)rst御and椅ge循ote睜chn明ica脾lv知ari猾abi敢lit遇yTo葉a裁vo誘id喪p公ro慣je五ct緞c蛾os娘t貼bl堤ow坦o尺ut災(zāi)s堅(jiān),-We詠k鑒no歸w合ho則w占to拐d獅es噸ig狼n鳴fo虎r撥po濫or表g載ro俘un謹(jǐn)d-W遲e少ne尤ed殖t斯o適kn除ow宴w撲he脹re畢t晃he研b恭ad憤g布ro丙un披d估is-We喚ne戴ed標(biāo)to軌kno淹wh較ow狡muc席hb執(zhí)ad劣gro誓und什th桐ere多isMi造ni憑ng摟R鐵oc請(qǐng)k全Ma夾ss書(shū)R誕at臘in抵gCl威as委si尤f(wàn)i啦ca醬ti耀on鄙s修ys場(chǎng)te居m水de那si印gn持f麗or嬸c悶av允in烈gLa底u(yù)b可sc壩he搭r197心7&捏90RM甜R菠va近lu扯es誼i沸s寄ad集ju冠st村e(cuò)d星t肯o柴ac款co走un猛t喘fo滾r熱t(yī)h歪e突mi舒ni手ng革e決nv話ir粱on阿me朱ntPo炸we脆rf影ul撫t(yī)瞎oo跨lPr掛op足os晌ed野n等ew摟s往ys誕te蓄m廚20憲00Ne鳥(niǎo)w厭sy踏st仔em受c昌al待le光d汁IM玩RM名RNew相sy泉ste尼mn拴ot戶(hù)cor榴rel刮ate唐dNo廊t庫(kù)po岔pu第la銀r促in愉A則us許tr第al海ia-疲Sy饑st嗽em雁d衰if濕fi唉cu矛lt每t銷(xiāo)o粉un白de源rs存ta吼nd趙b進(jìn)y傳en痰gi肌ne羞er捆s-O已rig通ina扒lp那ape程rs摔dif佳fic春ult險(xiǎn)to叉un容der篇sta廉nd-A歇dju木stm紗ent緣瑞ss居ubj剃ect汪ive-裕Ad宴ju惠st封me賣(mài)nt非s都re霜qu擱ir纏e憶ex啞pe也ri撓en舞ce革i悉n微ca蛋vi符ng-C慮ons陵ult輔ant捕sw沒(méi)ill峰no生tt換ell竄ho缸wt餅hey噸ge下tt國(guó)he壁adj獎(jiǎng)ust齡men哭tv辣alu贈(zèng)esMR效MR每S嫌YS玩TE掀MRQDCo牙nc瘡er裕n墨of瓜d市if宋fe驕re洪nt余m婚ea潑su嗚re帥me歉nt聲m狼et注ho勞ds3m廚ain簽me中tho股ds丹of乖RQD朱me財(cái)asu虹rem支ent25%日RQ釋De選rro犬rr烏esu羊lts貌in艘a鬼4r賭ati償ng熄poi獅nt洞err技o(jì)r勵(lì)in車(chē)RMR52%鉆RQ飄De乳rro籃rr洋esu怎lts挎in犧an姓6傭rat麻ing育po乓int素er老ror徑in殃th厚eR淹MRCha準(zhǔn)nge救st賀he榮cav峽ing遺Hy穗dra朋uli肅cR居adi避us宜by揮3哈to天6mRQD濟(jì)ma拍yn叔ot蘇be顫the冶pr農(nóng)obl竟em批?MRM河RS羞YST尼EMCri滋tic敞al壤poi歲nts僵ar宅et眉he瘦adj澇ust腳men匆tsAd鉛ju僚st讀me截nt須m擱ak卵e鼓th婦e塌ro患ck柿m逝as鑼s誰(shuí)wo亭rs歸e情of選b嗓et派te滴rTot竹al滲wor冤se公cas扮ea劉dju妨stm詳ent返to餡ra