數(shù)學(xué)專業(yè)英語常用詞匯

數(shù)學(xué)專業(yè)英語常用詞匯數(shù)學(xué)專業(yè)英語常用詞匯/NUMPAGES17數(shù)學(xué)專業(yè)英語常用詞匯數(shù)學(xué)專業(yè)英語常用詞匯數(shù)學(xué)專業(yè)英語詞匯代數(shù)部分

1.有關(guān)數(shù)*算

add，plus加?

subtract減?

difference差??

multiply,times乘?

product積?

divide除?

divisible可被整除的?

dividedevenly被整除?

dividend被除數(shù)，紅利?

divisor因子，除數(shù)?

quotient商?

remainder余數(shù)??

factorial階乘?

power乘方?

radicalsign,rootsign根號?

roundto四舍五入?

tothenearest四舍五入

2.有關(guān)集合

union并集?

propersubset真子集?

solutionset解集??

3.有關(guān)代數(shù)式、方程和不等式

algebraicterm代數(shù)項(xiàng)?

liketerms,similarterms同類項(xiàng)?

numericalcoefficient數(shù)字系數(shù)?

literalcoefficient字母系數(shù)??

inequality不等式?

triangleinequality三角不等式??

range值域??

originalequation原方程?

equivalentequation同解方程，等價方程?

linearequation線性方程(e.g.5?x?+6=22)?

4.有關(guān)分?jǐn)?shù)和小數(shù)

properfraction真分?jǐn)?shù)?

improperfraction假分?jǐn)?shù)?

mixednumber帶分?jǐn)?shù)?

vulgarfraction，commonfraction普通分?jǐn)?shù)?

simplefraction簡分?jǐn)?shù)?

complexfraction繁分?jǐn)?shù)??

numerator分子?

denominator分母?

(least)commondenominator（最?。┕帜?

quarter四分之一?

decimalfraction純小數(shù)?

infinitedecimal無窮小數(shù)

recurringdecimal循環(huán)小數(shù)?

tenthsunit十分位??

5.基本數(shù)學(xué)概念

arithmeticmean算術(shù)平均值?

weightedaverage加權(quán)平均值?

geometricmean幾何平均數(shù)?

exponent指數(shù)，冪?

base乘冪的底數(shù),底邊?

cube立方數(shù)，立方體?

squareroot平方根?

cuberoot立方根??

commonlogarithm常用對數(shù)?

digit數(shù)字?

constant常數(shù)?

variable變量??

inversefunction反函數(shù)?

complementaryfunction余函數(shù)?

linear一次的，線性的?

factorization因式分解?

absolutevalue絕對值，e.g.｜-32｜=32?

roundoff四舍五入?

6.有關(guān)數(shù)論

naturalnumber自然數(shù)?

positivenumber正數(shù)?

negativenumber負(fù)數(shù)?

oddinteger,oddnumber奇數(shù)?

eveninteger,evennumber偶數(shù)?

integer,wholenumber整數(shù)?

positivewholenumber正整數(shù)?

negativewholenumber負(fù)整數(shù)??

consecutivenumber連續(xù)整數(shù)?

realnumber,rationalnumber實(shí)數(shù),有理數(shù)?

irrational（number）無理數(shù)??

inverse倒數(shù)?

compositenumber合數(shù)e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15……?

primenumber質(zhì)數(shù)e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15……注意：所有的質(zhì)數(shù)(2除外)都是奇數(shù)，但奇數(shù)不一定是質(zhì)數(shù)reciprocal倒數(shù)??

commondivisor公約數(shù)?

multiple倍數(shù)?

(least)commonmultiple(最小)公倍數(shù)??

(prime)factor(質(zhì))因子?

commonfactor公因子??

ordinaryscale,decimalscale十進(jìn)制?

nonnegative非負(fù)的??

tens十位?

units個位??

mode眾數(shù)?

median中數(shù)??

commonratio公比??

7.數(shù)列

arithmeticprogression(sequence)等差數(shù)列?

geometricprogression(sequence)等比數(shù)列??

approximate近似?

(anti)clockwise(逆)順時針方向?

cardinal基數(shù)?

ordinal序數(shù)?

directproportion正比?

distinct不同的?

estimation估計(jì)，近似?

parentheses括號?

proportion比例?

permutation排列?

combination組合?

table表格?

trigonometricfunction三角函數(shù)?

unit單位,位?

幾何部分

1.所有的角

alternateangle內(nèi)錯角?

correspondingangle同位角?

verticalangle對頂角?

centralangle圓心角?

interiorangle內(nèi)角?

exteriorangle外角?

supplementaryangles補(bǔ)角?

complementaryangle余角?

adjacentangle鄰角?

acuteangle銳角?

obtuseangle鈍角?

rightangle直角?

roundangle周角?

straightangle平角?

includedangle夾角??

2.所有的三角形

equilateraltriangle等邊三角形?

scalenetriangle不等邊三角形?

isoscelestriangle等腰三角形?

righttriangle直角三角形?

oblique斜三角形?

inscribedtriangle內(nèi)接三角形??

3.有關(guān)收斂的平面圖形，除三角形外

semicircle半圓?

concentriccircles同心圓?

quadrilateral四邊形?

pentagon五邊形?

hexagon六邊形?

heptagon七邊形?

octagon八邊形?

nonagon九邊形?

decagon十邊形?

polygon多邊形?

parallelogram平行四邊形?

equilateral等邊形?

plane平面?

square正方形，平方?

rectangle長方形?

regularpolygon正多邊形?

rhombus菱形?

trapezoid梯形??

4.其它平面圖形

arc弧?

line,straightline直線?

linesegment線段?

parallellines平行線?

segmentofacircle弧形??

5.有關(guān)立體圖形

cube立方體，立方數(shù)?

rectangularsolid長方體?

regularsolid/regularpolyhedron正多面體?

circularcylinder圓柱體?

cone圓錐?

sphere球體?

solid立體的??

6.有關(guān)圖形上的附屬物

altitude高?

depth深度?

side邊長?

circumference,perimeter周長?

radian弧度?

surfacearea表面積?

volume體積?

arm直角三角形的股?

crosssection橫截面?

centerofacircle圓心?

chord弦?

radius半徑?

anglebisector角平分線?

diagonal對角線?

diameter直徑?

edge棱?

faceofasolid立體的面?

hypotenuse斜邊?

includedside夾邊?

leg三角形的直角邊?

medianofatriangle三角形的中線?

base底邊，底數(shù)（e.g.2的5次方，2就是底數(shù)）?

opposite直角三角形中的對邊?

midpoint中點(diǎn)?

endpoint端點(diǎn)?

vertex(復(fù)數(shù)形式vertices)頂點(diǎn)?

tangent切線的?

transversal截線?

intercept截距??

7.有關(guān)坐標(biāo)

coordinatesystem坐標(biāo)系?

rectangularcoordinate直角坐標(biāo)系?

origin原點(diǎn)?

abscissa橫坐標(biāo)?

ordinate縱坐標(biāo)?

numberline數(shù)軸?

quadrant象限?

slope斜率?

complexplane復(fù)平面??

8.其它

planegeometry平面幾何?

trigonometry三角學(xué)?

bisect平分?

circumscribe外切?

inscribe內(nèi)切?

intersect相交?

perpendicular垂直?

pythagoreantheorem勾股定理?

congruent全等的?

multilateral多邊的?

1.單位類

cent美分?

penny一美分硬幣?

nickel5美分硬幣?

dime一角硬幣?

dozen打（12個）?

score廿(20個)?

Centigrade攝氏?

Fahrenheit華氏?

quart夸脫?

gallon加侖(1gallon=4quart)?

yard碼?

meter米?

micron微米?

inch英寸?

foot英尺?

minute分(角度的度量單位，60分=1度)?

squaremeasure平方單位制?

cubicmeter立方米?

pint品脫(干量或液量的單位)??

2.有關(guān)文字?jǐn)⑹鲱}，主要是有關(guān)商業(yè)

intercalaryyear(leapyear)閏年(366天)?

commonyear平年(365天)?

depreciation折舊?

downpayment直接付款?

discount打折?

margin利潤?

profit利潤?

interest利息?

simpleinterest單利?

compoundedinterest復(fù)利?

dividend紅利?

decreaseto減少到?

decreaseby減少了?

increaseto增加到?

increaseby增加了?

denote表示?

listprice標(biāo)價?

markup漲價?

percapita每人?

ratio比率?

retailprice零售價?

tie打Chapteronefunctionnotation方程符號函數(shù)符號quadraticfunctions二次函數(shù)quadraticequations二次方程式二次等式chaptertwoEquivalentalgebraicexpressions等價代數(shù)表達(dá)式rationalexpression有理式有理表達(dá)式horizontalandverticaltranslationoffunctions函數(shù)的水平和垂直的平移reflectionsoffunctions函數(shù)的倒映映射chapterthreeExponentialfunctions指數(shù)函數(shù)exponentialdecay指數(shù)式衰減exponent指數(shù)propertiesofexponentialfunctions指數(shù)函數(shù)的特性chapterfourTrigonometry三角學(xué)Reciprocaltrigonometricratios倒數(shù)三角函數(shù)比Trigonometricfunctions三角函數(shù)Discretefunctions離散函數(shù)數(shù)學(xué)mathematics,maths(BrE),math(AmE)

公理axiom

定理theorem

計(jì)算calculation

運(yùn)算operation

證明prove

假設(shè)hypothesis,hypotheses(pl.)

命題proposition

算術(shù)arithmetic

加plus(prep.),add(v.),addition(n.)

被加數(shù)augend,summand

加數(shù)addend

和sum

減minus(prep.),subtract(v.),subtraction(n.)

被減數(shù)minuend

減數(shù)subtrahend

差remainder

乘times(prep.),multiply(v.),multiplication(n.)

被乘數(shù)multiplicand,faciend

乘數(shù)multiplicator

積product

除dividedby(prep.),divide(v.),division(n.)

被除數(shù)dividend

除數(shù)divisor

商quotient

等于equals,isequalto,isequivalentto

大于isgreaterthan

小于islesserthan

大于等于isequalorgreaterthan

小于等于isequalorlesserthan

運(yùn)算符operator

數(shù)字digit

數(shù)number

自然數(shù)naturalnumber

整數(shù)integer

小數(shù)decimal

小數(shù)點(diǎn)decimalpoint

分?jǐn)?shù)fraction

分子numerator

分母denominator

比ratio

正positive

負(fù)negative

零null,zero,nought,nil

十進(jìn)制decimalsystem

二進(jìn)制binarysystem

十六進(jìn)制hexadecimalsystem

權(quán)weight,significance

進(jìn)位carry

截尾truncation

四舍五入round

下舍入rounddown

上舍入roundup

有效數(shù)字significantdigit

無效數(shù)字insignificantdigit

代數(shù)algebra

公式formula,formulae(pl.)

單項(xiàng)式monomial

多項(xiàng)式polynomial,multinomial

系數(shù)coefficient

未知數(shù)unknown,x-factor,y-factor,z-factor

等式，方程式equation

一次方程simpleequation

二次方程quadraticequation

三次方程cubicequation

四次方程quarticequation

不等式inequation

階乘factorial

對數(shù)logarithm

指數(shù)，冪exponent

乘方power

二次方，平方square

三次方，立方cube

四次方thepoweroffour,thefourthpower

n次方thepowerofn,thenthpower

開方evolution,extraction

二次方根，平方根squareroot

三次方根，立方根cuberoot

四次方根therootoffour,thefourthroot

n次方根therootofn,thenthroot

集合aggregate

元素element

空集void

子集subset

交集intersection

并集union

補(bǔ)集complement

映射mapping

函數(shù)function

定義域domain,fieldofdefinition

值域range

常量constant

變量variable

單調(diào)性monotonicity

奇偶性parity

周期性periodicity

圖象image

數(shù)列，級數(shù)series

微積分calculus

微分differential

導(dǎo)數(shù)derivative

極限limit

無窮大infinite(a.)infinity(n.)

無窮小infinitesimal

積分integral

定積分definiteintegral

不定積分indefiniteintegral

有理數(shù)rationalnumber

無理數(shù)irrationalnumber

實(shí)數(shù)realnumber

虛數(shù)imaginarynumber

復(fù)數(shù)complexnumber

矩陣matrix

行列式determinant

幾何geometry

點(diǎn)point

線line

面plane

體solid

線段segment

射線radial

平行parallel

相交intersect

角angle

角度degree

弧度radian

銳角acuteangle

直角rightangle

鈍角obtuseangle

平角straightangle

周角perigon

底base

邊side

高h(yuǎn)eight

三角形triangle

銳角三角形acutetriangle

直角三角形righttriangle

直角邊leg

斜邊hypotenuse

勾股定理Pythagoreantheorem

鈍角三角形obtusetriangle

不等邊三角形scalenetriangle

等腰三角形isoscelestriangle

等邊三角形equilateraltriangle

四邊形quadrilateral

平行四邊形parallelogram

矩形rectangle

長length

寬width

菱形rhomb,rhombus,rhombi(pl.),diamond

正方形square

梯形trapezoid

直角梯形righttrapezoid

等腰梯形isoscelestrapezoid

五邊形pentagon

六邊形hexagon

七邊形heptagon

八邊形octagon

九邊形enneagon

十邊形decagon

十一邊形hendecagon

十二邊形dodecagon

多邊形polygon

正多邊形equilateralpolygon

圓circle

圓心centre(BrE),center(AmE)

半徑radius

直徑diameter

圓周率pi

弧arc

半圓semicircle

扇形sector

環(huán)ring

橢圓ellipse

圓周circumference

周長perimeter

面積area

軌跡locus,loca(pl.)

相似similar

全等congruent

四面體tetrahedron

五面體pentahedron

六面體hexahedron

平行六面體parallelepiped

立方體cube

七面體heptahedron

八面體octahedron

九面體enneahedron

十面體decahedron

十一面體hendecahedron

十二面體dodecahedron

二十面體icosahedron

多面體polyhedron

棱錐pyramid

棱柱prism

棱臺frustumofaprism

旋轉(zhuǎn)rotation

軸axis

圓錐cone

圓柱cylinder

圓臺frustumofacone

球sphere

半球hemisphere

底面unders