2021年高考英語(yǔ)沖刺模擬試卷1(上海)

2021年高考英語(yǔ)沖刺模擬試卷1（上海）ListeningSectionADirections:InSectionyouwilltenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyyouaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersondecidewhichisthebestanswertothequestionyouhave1.A.Husbandandwife. B.GuestandhostessC.Customerandwaitress. D.Bossandemployee.2.A.WatchtheprogramonTV. B.CalltheTVstation.C.Meetthemanatthecatexhibition D.Lookforcatswiththeman.3.A.Borrowthetypewriter. B.Visitthewoman.C.Gohomesoon. D.Readthewoman'spaper.4.A.Theman. B.Both.C.Thewoman. D.Neither.5.A.Thebookstherearetooexpensive.B.Shewon'tbeabletogetthebookbeforeclass.C.Thetextbooksheneedsisn'tinyetD.Shehopestogetagooddealonsomesecond-handbooks.6.A.Takethebustotheairport.B.MeettheBrownsattheairport.C.MakeaphonecalltotheBrowns.D.AccompanytheBrownstotheairport7.A.ThewomanwillhaveatestB.Themanwillprobablygotothemovie.C.Themanwillhavetositforanexam.D.Thewomanwishesshecouldgotoclasswiththeman.8.A.Theresultshaven'tcomeyet.B.Theresultswerecheckedagainlastnight.C.Thewomanneedsanothertesttomorrow.D.Thedoctorhasn'tcomebackfromthelab.9.A.Mostneighborsareasnoisyasthewoman.B.TalkingtotheneighborspolitelymightbethebestwayC.He'dliketoknowwhythewomanisangryD.Thewomanistoopoliteforherneighbors.10.A.Heneedstobuyanotherumbrella.B.Itwillrainmuchlaterintheweek.C.Itwillprobablyraintomorrow.D.Theweatherforecastersalmostneveragree. SectionBDirections:InSectionB.youwillheartwoshortpassagesseveralandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Theyusedtobeunabletolistentopublicdebates.B.Theyweremorepatientandsociablethenpeoplenow.C.Theylearnedfrompoliticalspeeches.D.Theyusedtothinkintermsofaprintedtext.12.A.Itmakespeoplegetideasfromimages,notfromwrittenwords.B.Ithasmadethepubliclessinterestedinpolitics.C.Thequalityoftelevisionprogramminghasdeclined.D.PoliticalprogramsonTVaretoocomplex.13.A.Theenvironmentaleffectsofconsumerism.B.Howconsumerculturehasmadepeopleunreasonable.C.Howtelevisionhasaffectedpeople'sthinkingability.D.Television'sdamagetotheenvironmentQuestions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Somechildrenalreadyknowhowtodoit.B.SomechildrenfinditmoreenjoyablethantheyexpectedtoC.Somechildrenrefusetotakepart.D.Somechildrenprefertoswimorplaytable-tennis.15.A.Theyseemgratefulfortheirexperiencehere.B.Theycomplainiftheycannotphonetheirparents.C.Theymissmealtimeswiththeirparents.D.Theyoungestonesfindithardtobeawayfromhome.16.A.TheyshouldvisittheirchildreninsteadofphoningthemB.Theyshouldn’tallowtheirchildrentobringphonestocamp.C.Theydon`tneedtokeeponphoningthecamp.D.Theyneedtoberemindedtophonetheirchildren.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Fiveyears.B.ThreeyearsC.Fouryears.D.Sixyears18.A.Thepersonwhohasthestrongwill.B.Thepersonwhohasattendedtheadultschool.C.Thepersonwhocanworkatcomputersquicklyafteratwo-daytraining.D.Thepersonwhocanpassthetestofarithmetic.19.A.Theman'seducation.B.Anewchanceforeveryonetobepromoted.C.Theman'spayraise.D.Acareerpromotionfortheman.20.A.Themaniseagertoattendthetraining.B.Thepersonisnotveryinterestedinthischanceforpromotion.C.Themanhasbeentrainingforcomputerworksincelastyear.D.ThemanisnotconfidentinhischancetobepromotedtotheGrade7.GrammarSectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Lastsummer,Ihadjustenoughmoney(21)________(save)tobuyagoldenticket--a3-monthtrainpassthatwouldtakemetothefurthestreachesofEurope.Excitedformyjourney,Ipackedallthenecessities---(22)________theguidebook.WhiletheconvenienceoftheInternetwasdefinitely(23)________contributingfactortomydecisionnottocarrythefewexpensivekilogramsofout-of-dateinformationinmysuitcase,thiswasnottheonlyreasonIdecidedtoflysolo.Tobehonest,mymainproblemwiththeguidebookisthatIfinditlimitsajourney--likeabossyaunt(24)________isalwaystellingyouwhattodo,althoughshedoesn'talwaysknowwhatisbest.Sometimesit'sbettertoreadoutsidethelines.Sometimesit'sbetternottoreadanylinesatall.Experiencehastaughtmethatthereisadistinctionbetweenatouristandatraveler.(25)________waitinginaqueuetoseeMichelangelo'sDavidinFlorence,Imetamanwhohadachecklist.Heshowedmehislistof"Top20thingstodoitItaly"andboastedthathehadseeneverythingItalyhadtoofferinjustfourdays.TheproblemthatIhadwiththisman'sapproachto(26)________(travel)wasthathewasfocusedontickingtheboxeswhichwereprovidedbyhisguidebook.He(27)________(lose)inthelistofthe"must-sees"andblindtoallthatwashappeningaroundhim.Guidedbook-less(28)________wewere,mycompanionandItastedthejoyofbeingatravelerwhenvisitingEstonia,theBalticcountryborderingRussia.Arrivingonnothingmorethanawhim（突發(fā)的念頭）,wehadnooptionbut(29)________(approach)somefriendlyfacesforadvice.Weintroducedourselvesandaskedthemwhatwashappeningaroundtown.WhenthisresultedinaninvitationtoabeautifulEstonianhomebyariver(30)________weenjoyeda110-degreewood-stovesauna,locallypickedforest-mushroomsandthegoodcompanyofourfivenew-foundEstonianfriends,wesureweregladwehadleftourbossyauntathome.21.saved 22.except 23.a 24.who/that 25.While/Wing 27.waslost 28.as/though 29.toapproach 30.WhereSectionBDirections:ineachblankwithathebox.Eachcanbeonlyonce.NotethatisoneyouA.overlookedB.alternativeC.urgeD.habituallyE.externalF.interactionG.equivalentH.significantlyI.clueJ.integratedK.infectiousHowhasitbecomethemodern__31__ofglancingatyourwatch---thefurtive(偷偷的)lookataphonescreentocheckfornewmessagesorhaveaquicklookatFacebook?Researchershavenowfoundwhyweoftenfeelsuchastrong__32__toglanceatourcellphones.Usingyourmobile,theysay,is__33__.AteamfromtheUniversityofMichigansaypeoplearetwiceaslikelytopullouttheirphonestochecktheirtextmessagesoremailifthey’rewithsomeonewhohasjustdonethesame.Italsofoundthatfemalesweremorelikelytousetheirmobilethanmenbecauseitwasmore__34__intothedailylivesofwomen.Theteamwatchedstudentsindininghallsandcoffeeshopsaroundcampus,observingpairsofstudentssittingattablesforaslongas20minutesanddocumentedtheircellphoneuseat10-secondintervals.“Whatwefoundmostfascinatingwasjusthowoftenpeoplewereusingtheirmobilephones,”DrDanielKruger,thestudy’sco-author,said.“Overall,thestudentsusedtheircellphonesinanaverageof24percent,buttheywere__35__morelikelytousetheirphoneswhentheircompanionhadjustdonesointheprevious10-secondintervalthanwithoutthesocial__36__.“Cellphonescreatea(n)__37__outletforone’sattentionandmaybothpromoteandinterferewithlivesocialinteraction,”theresearcherswrote.Krugerbelievesthispatterncouldberelatedtotheeffectsofsocialinclusionandexlusion.Ifonepersoninapairengagesina(n)__38__conversationthroughtheirphone,hisorhercompanionmayfeelexcluded.Thatcompanionthenmightbecompelledtoconnectwithothersexternallysoasnottofeel__39__.Theresearchersnotethattheymightnotobservethesameresultsinastudyofdifferentcrowds---forexample,inolderadults,whomaynotusecellphonesas__40__.【答案】31-40GCKJHFBEAD【重難點(diǎn)詞匯和短語(yǔ)解析】Habitually-adv.習(xí)慣性地，日常地Integrateinto-prep.成為一體，融入Alternative-adj.可供選擇的;n.備選項(xiàng)Interval-n.間隔Outlet-n.出口，排放口；發(fā)泄方式interferewith-prep.介入Inclusion-n.包含，內(nèi)含物Exclusion-n.被排除在外的事物Engagein-prep.參與，從事becompelledto-prep.不得不【試題解析】31題通過(guò)詞性判斷應(yīng)該是名詞，空格前面發(fā)的modern和后文的glancingatyourwatch得出選項(xiàng)G.equivalent,本句意思是現(xiàn)代人看手機(jī)就像以前的人看手表一樣，時(shí)不時(shí)地會(huì)去偷偷瞄兩眼。32題判斷為名詞，通過(guò)前文描寫(xiě)人們會(huì)時(shí)不時(shí)地偷偷查看手機(jī)這一舉動(dòng)，本句的意思是為什么我們會(huì)有如此強(qiáng)烈的欲望去看手機(jī)，因此選C.urge.33題的線索在第二段開(kāi)頭，講到如果別人看手機(jī)，我們就更有可能掏出手機(jī)來(lái)，因此這一舉動(dòng)是具有“傳染性的”，因此鎖定K.infectious.34題考查短語(yǔ)integrateinto-成為一體，融入。本句講的是女性比男性更長(zhǎng)用手機(jī)，因?yàn)槭謾C(jī)與女性的生活融為一體。35題前后銜接為weremorelikely,因此判斷此處為副詞，修飾morelikely的程度副詞只有habitually,因此答案選D.36題考查短語(yǔ)socialinteraction-社交，此線索也在下文中出現(xiàn)。本句的意思是這些被調(diào)查的大學(xué)生如果在跟別人社交兩天的間隙停留十秒看到別人看了手機(jī)，而沒(méi)有跟自己有任何交流，那么自己極有可能也去看手機(jī)。37題判斷詞性為形容詞，本句意為手機(jī)為人們獲得他人的注意提供了另一種方式。因此選B.alternative.38題判定為形容詞，剩下的形容詞當(dāng)中只有E.external符合本句話的意思，此處在講兩人中有一人在用電話跟別人交流，而這種交流只能是外在的，通過(guò)手機(jī)溝通。39題判定為形容詞，本句意思是看到對(duì)方看手機(jī)，而為了讓自己感到不被忽視也不得不去看手機(jī)。因此選A.overlooked.40題所在的這句話舉例了其他人群可能并非上文所說(shuō)的那樣，比如老年人就不會(huì)常常用手機(jī)，表示習(xí)慣性地去做什么事，因此答案為D.habitually.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:eachblankinthefollowingpassagemarkedB,CandD.ineachblankwiththeorphrasethatbestthecontext.Doyourememberhowyoufeltthefirsttimeyourodebike?Whataboutyourfirstheartbreak?____41____momentsandtheemotionstheyarousecanresonateinourmindsfordecades,powerfullyshapingwhoweareasindividuals.Butforthosewhoexperienceseveretrauma(創(chuàng)傷),suchpainfulmemoriescanleavepeoplewithlife-changingmentalconditions.So,whatiftraumaticmemoriesdidnothavetocausesomuch___42___?Fornow,theworkishappeninginmice.Neuroscientistsusuallydefineasingularmemoryasanengram---aphysicalchangeinbraintissue____43____aparticularrecollection.WhileatMITin2013,SteveRamirezofBostonUniversityandhisresearchpartnerXuLiuhadabreakthrough:Theywereabletotargetthecellsthat___44___oneengraminamouse'sbrainandthenimplantafalsememory.Intheirwork,mice___45___infeartoaparticularstimulusevenwhentheyhadnotbeenconditionedinadvance.Intheircurrentwork,Ramirezandhiscolleaguesareinvestigatingwhether___46___memoriescanbe“overwritten”bypositiveones.Intheirexperiments,positivememoriesarecreatedbyputtingmalemiceincageswithfemaleonesforanhour,andnegativememoriesarecreatedbyputtingthemiceincagesthatdeliverbrieffootshocks.Afterasurgicaloperationonthemice,theresearchersfindthat___47___positivememorieswhilemouseisinacagemakesitlessfearful.Theythinkthatthismemory“retraining"maybehelpingto___48___someofthemouse'strauma.___49___,itisunclearwhetherthoseoriginalfearmemoriesarecompletelylostorjustsuppressed(抑制).___50___Ramirez’steamstressesthattheirworkinmiceispreliminary(初步的),theyseetreatmentpotentialforhumansdowntheroad.ThosesufferingfromPTSDordepressioncouldhavetheirmemories___51___,forinstance,sothattheydon'thaveastrong___52___responsetopainfulrecollections.Ifit’sonedaypossibletoalterhumanmemory,whoshouldbeallowedtoreceivethattreatment?Andwouldthe___53___systembeatadisadvantageifkeywitnessesandvictimscannotrememberacrime?ThesearequestionsNewYorkUniversitybioethicistArthurCaplansaysareworththinkingaboutbeforethetechnologyisreadyforhumanclinicalsettings.Asneuroscientistsprogresswiththeirresearch,theysaythese___54___issuesarebeingtakenintoaccount.Ramirezseestheideaof___55___memoriesasneithergoodnorbad.Likewater,itjustdependsonhowyouuseit.A.Forgettable B.Memorable C.Sustainable D.BelievableA.fruit B.difference C.pain D.movementA.associatedwith B.exchangedfor C.sentencedto D.deprivedofA.putoff B.pickup C.turnon D.makeupA.reacted B.hurried C.stunned D.resolvedA.short-term B.negative C.enjoyable D.reliableA.deleting B.decreasing C.activating D.pausingA.recreate B.eliminate C.liberate D.memorizeA.Therefore B.Besides C.Indeed D.HoweverA.Since B.Unless C.Until D.WhileA.removed B.strengthened C.altered D.stimulatedA.emotional B.physical C.controversial D.mechanicalA.immune B.justice C.medical D.commerceA.mental B.ethical C.criminal D.equalityA.killing B.multiplying C.controlling D.justifying【答案】41~45.BCADA46~50.BCBDD51~55.CABBC【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了神經(jīng)科學(xué)家們?cè)诶鲜笊砩献鰧?shí)驗(yàn)，看是否可以改變大腦中有關(guān)痛苦的那些記憶，且該實(shí)驗(yàn)已經(jīng)取得初步效果?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那些記憶深刻的時(shí)刻和他們激起的情感可以幾十年在我們的頭腦中產(chǎn)生共鳴，塑造著我們是誰(shuí)。A.Forgettable忘記了的；B.Memorable記憶深刻的；C.Sustainable可持續(xù)的；D.Believable可以相信的。根據(jù)上句“Doyourememberhowyoufeltthefirsttimeyourodebike?”（作者問(wèn)第一次騎車(chē)的時(shí)候）可知，作者在講過(guò)去的記憶。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果這些創(chuàng)傷不會(huì)造成如此多的傷害，那會(huì)怎么樣呢？A.fruit水果；B.difference不同，影響；C.pain痛苦；D.movement運(yùn)動(dòng)。根據(jù)上句“suchpainfulmemoriescanleavepeoplewithlife-changingmentalconditions.（這些痛苦的記憶會(huì)給人們帶來(lái)改變生活的精神狀況。）“創(chuàng)傷”應(yīng)該是痛苦的經(jīng)歷，所以會(huì)造成“痛苦”。故選C。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學(xué)家通常定義一個(gè)記憶為“一個(gè)印跡符號(hào)”--在大腦組織中的和一個(gè)特定的記憶有關(guān)的物理改變。A.associatedwith和...有關(guān)；B.exchangedfor交換；C.sentencedto判刑；D.deprivedof剝奪。“defineasingularmemoryas”本句解釋的是“memory”的定義，recllection是它的近義詞，因此應(yīng)該是“和它相關(guān)的”。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他們能夠瞄準(zhǔn)那個(gè)構(gòu)成記憶符號(hào)的細(xì)胞，然后植入一個(gè)虛假的記憶。A.putoff推遲；B.pickup撿起；C.turnon打開(kāi)；D.makeup構(gòu)成。根據(jù)“aphysicalchangeinbraintissue，aparticularrecollection.”（科學(xué)家對(duì)“engram”的定義）可知，那個(gè)細(xì)胞儲(chǔ)存著記憶，構(gòu)成了記憶符號(hào)。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在他們的工作中，老鼠會(huì)對(duì)某個(gè)特定的刺激作出驚恐的反應(yīng)，即使當(dāng)它們提前沒(méi)有遭遇到這種情況。A.reacted反應(yīng)；B.hurried匆忙；C.stunned震驚；D.resolved決心。根據(jù)“Theywereabletotargetthecellsthat_____oneengraminamouse'sbrainandthenimplantafalsememory.”（科學(xué)家們?cè)谧鲅芯?，“往它們體內(nèi)植入虛假的記憶”），所以應(yīng)該是老鼠對(duì)此作出反應(yīng)。故選A。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在他們當(dāng)前的工作中，他和同事正在調(diào)查是否這些消極的記憶可以被積極的記憶改寫(xiě)。A.short-term長(zhǎng)期的；B.negative消極的；C.enjoyable快樂(lè)的；D.reliable可靠的。根據(jù)后文的“be“overwritten”bypositiveones”可知，本空應(yīng)該是它的反義詞。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在對(duì)老鼠進(jìn)行外科手術(shù)之后科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)老鼠在籠子里的時(shí)候激活那些積極的記憶會(huì)讓它不再那么恐懼。A.deleting刪除；B.decreasing減少；C.activating激活；D.pausing暫停。根據(jù)“positivememoriesarecreatedbyputtingmalemiceincageswithfemaleonesforanhour”，（科學(xué)家們對(duì)老鼠輸入了積極的記憶），所以推測(cè)本句指“激活”這些積極記憶。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們認(rèn)為這種記憶的“重新訓(xùn)練”有助于去除掉老鼠的一些創(chuàng)傷。A.recreate重新創(chuàng)造；B.eliminate消除；C.liberate解放；D.memorize記住。根據(jù)下文，“itisunclearwhetherthoseoriginalfearmemoriesarecompletelylostorjustsuppressed”（不知這些原始恐懼是否完全消失）可知，本句指這樣做可以“消除”掉一些創(chuàng)傷。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，是否這些原始的恐懼記憶完全消除或抑制是不清楚的。A.Therefore因此；B.Besides另外；C.Indeed實(shí)際上；D.However然而。根據(jù)上文“Theythinkthatthismemory“retraining"maybehelpingto______someofthemouse'strauma.”，這樣做有助于消除恐懼記憶，下句又講“能否完全消除還不清楚”，因此兩句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管他們的團(tuán)隊(duì)強(qiáng)調(diào)他們?cè)诶鲜笊砩系某晒皇浅醪降?，但是他們也看到了在這條路上為人類治療的潛力。A.Since因?yàn)椋籅.Unless除非；C.Until直到；D.While然而。根據(jù)從句中“preliminary(初步的)”一詞，及主句中“潛力”一詞，可推出主從句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，那些遭受抑郁的人們就可以讓他們的記憶被轉(zhuǎn)換，以致于他們對(duì)痛苦的經(jīng)歷沒(méi)有一種強(qiáng)烈的反應(yīng)。A.removed移除；B.strengthened加強(qiáng)；C.altered轉(zhuǎn)換；D.stimulated刺激。根據(jù)“Ramirez’steamstressesthattheirworkinmiceispreliminary(初步的),theyseetreatmentpotentialforhumansdowntheroad”，“科學(xué)家們?cè)趯?duì)老鼠做實(shí)驗(yàn)的成效中，看到了人類治療的潛能”，所以本句是這種“潛能”應(yīng)用的例子，就是可以轉(zhuǎn)換人的記憶。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，那些遭受抑郁的人們就可以讓他們的記憶被轉(zhuǎn)換，以致于他們對(duì)痛苦的經(jīng)歷沒(méi)有一種強(qiáng)烈的反應(yīng)。A.emotional情感的；B.physical身體的C.controversial傳統(tǒng)的；D.mechanical機(jī)械的；本空修飾“responsetopainfulrecollection”’（人對(duì)痛苦回憶的反應(yīng)），這種反應(yīng)應(yīng)該是“情感上的”。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果關(guān)鍵的證人和受害者不能記得犯罪事件，那么執(zhí)法系統(tǒng)會(huì)處于不利地位嗎?A.immune免疫的；B.justice公正的，正義，執(zhí)法制度；C.medical醫(yī)療的；D.commerce商業(yè)。根據(jù)“systembeatadisadvantageifkeywitnessesandvictimscannotrememberacrime?”意思，證人和受害者不記得犯罪事件后，那么“執(zhí)法部門(mén)”就無(wú)法找到確切的犯罪證據(jù)。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：伴隨著神經(jīng)科學(xué)家們的研究進(jìn)展，他們說(shuō)這些道德上的問(wèn)題也正在被考慮中。A.mental精神的；B.ethical道德上的，倫理的；C.criminal罪犯的；D.equality平等性。根據(jù)“ThesearequestionsNewYorkUniversitybioethicistArthurCaplansaysareworththinkingabout”作者提出，如果這種技術(shù)應(yīng)用在人身上后，會(huì)出現(xiàn)的各種問(wèn)題可知，這些問(wèn)題都屬于“道德”方面的。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Ramirez認(rèn)為這種控制記憶的想法既不是好的，也不是壞的，這取決于你怎樣使用它。A.killing殺害；B.multiplying繁殖；C.controlling控制；D.justifying證明...合法，辯護(hù)。根據(jù)“memoriescanbe“overwritten”bypositiveones”可知，本文主要講“改變?nèi)说挠洃洝钡膯?wèn)題，所以這里應(yīng)該是“控制記憶”。故選C。SectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)TherehavebeenmanygreatviolinistsbutnonecouldholdacandletoKuznetsov,amiraculousyoungRussian.Onhisemergencewhilestillinhisteens,hisplayingwasfilledwithtimelesswisdombeyondhisyears;henowholdsthestagewithimmenseauthority.Soitcomesnosurprisethatheisabouttoaddanewstringtohisbow.WhenheperformswiththeEnglishChamberOrchestra,itwillbeasbothsoloist(獨(dú)奏者)andconductor.“It’ssomethingI’veoftenthoughtabout,”hesays.Othermusicianswhohavetradedtheboworpianoforthebaton(指揮棒)havefailed;thetransitionisnoteasy,ofwhichheisaware.“Themostcrucialthingisthehumanchemistrybetweenconductorandplayers.Youmustavoidatallcostsbeinganoutsider,asthoughsayingtotheorchestra,‘YoumakeyourmusicwhileIimaginemine.’”Heisquiterelaxedaboutnotyethavinghisownhand-language---everyconductorisdifferent.Kuznetsovbelievestheconnectionbetweennotesisnotjustphysical,butalsospiritual.Spirituallyis,forKuznetsov,theconductor’skeycharacteristic.“Anditshouldideallybeexpressedthroughbeautyofmovement,”hesays.Someconductorsthrowthemselvesabout,othershardlymoveamuscle.WherewillKuznetsovfitonthatscale?“Wemustwaitandsee,”hesays.Kuznetsovhimselfmovedstraightasanarrowtowardhisgoal.Hisfatherwasanoboist(雙簧管演奏者)andhismotherconductedachoir,butattheageoffour,youngLeonidsettledontheviolin.“Theviolinislocatedatthefrontoftheorchestra.Itseemedverydesirabletositthereandshowoff.”Hegavehisfirstconcertattheageoffive.“WhenIwentonstage,Ibowedsodeeplyandsolongthattheaudiencelaughed---butIknewthatthiswaswhatgreatartistsalwaysdid.Ifeltitwasanhonourfortheaudiencetolistentome.”HisprogrammethatdayincludedPaganinivariations,“whichwereveryeasyforme”.Whatishisviewnowoftherecordingshemadeatthatage?“Ididn’thavethetechniqueIhavenowbutacrosstheyearstheintuitionhasnotchanged.IstillfeeleverytimeIgoonstageasthoughI’mnewborn.”Kuznetsovcautiouslypaceshisowndevelopment.Hedidn’tgivehisfirstperformanceofBeethoven’sViolinConcertountilhefeltreadyforit,andhe’llletBach’sworksstayinhismindforsomeyears.OneofKuznetsov’sadmirerswonderswhetherheisindangerofnothangingonto“thefearlessnessofyouth”.OntheevidenceofKuznetsov’sbravelyassurednewinterpretationoftheBrahmsConcerto,whichheplaysonanewCDrelease,I’dsaythathisfearlessnessisinnodangeryet.56.Kuznetsovthinks________ismostimportantinconducting.A.theplayers’recognitionoftheconductorB.theunderstandingbetweentheconductorandtheorchestraC.whethertheconductorhascooperatedwiththeplayersbeforeD.theconductor’sandtheorchestra’sknowledgeofthecomposition57.WhatcanbelearnedaboutKuznetsovfromthepassage?A.Heisn’tasenthusiasticasbeforeabouttheviolin.B.Hewasconfidentwhilegivinghisfirstconcert.C.Hedidn’tstarttoplaytheviolinuntilfive.D.HeplanstogiveBach’sworksatryfirst.58.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.It’seasyforpianoorviolinplayerstobecomeconductors.B.Violinplayersareusuallythosewholiketoshowoffinanorchestra.C.ThewriterthinkshighlyofKuznetsov’sperformanceasaconductor.D.Kuznetsovhasn’tdecidedwhichconductor’shand-languagetofollow.59.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Aviolinist’sunderstandingofmusic.B.Kuznetsov’seffortsthathaveledtohissuccess.C.Aviolinist’snewattemptsinhismusicalambitions.D.Kuznetsov’sinsightintohowtechniquesmatterinperformance.【答案】56~59.BBCC【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了偉大的小提琴家Kuznetsov試圖轉(zhuǎn)型為指揮家的音樂(lè)生涯的轉(zhuǎn)變?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Themostcrucialthingisthehumanchemistrybetweenconductorandplayers.”（最重要的是指揮家和演奏者之間的化學(xué)反應(yīng)。）可知，Kuznetsov認(rèn)為在指揮中指揮家和管弦樂(lè)隊(duì)之間的默契是最重要的。故選B。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段后三句WhenIwentonstage,Ibowedsodeeplyandsolongthattheaudiencelaughed---butIknewthatthiswaswhatgreatartistsalwaysdid.Ifeltitwasanhonourfortheaudiencetolistentome.”HisprogrammethatdayincludedPaganinivariations,“whichwereveryeasyforme”.（當(dāng)我走上舞臺(tái)，深深鞠了一躬，鞠了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，觀眾們都笑了——但我知道，偉大的藝術(shù)家總是這樣做的。我覺(jué)得聽(tīng)眾能聽(tīng)我的節(jié)目是一種榮譽(yù)。他那天的節(jié)目包括帕格尼尼變奏曲，“對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)很容易”。）可推知，Kuznetsov第一次演出時(shí)很自信。故選B。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“OntheevidenceofKuznetsov’sbravelyassurednewinterpretationoftheBrahmsConcerto,whichheplaysonanewCDrelease,I’dsaythathisfearlessnessisinnodangeryet.”（Kuznetsov在新發(fā)行的CD中對(duì)勃拉姆斯協(xié)奏曲進(jìn)行了大膽的新詮釋，根據(jù)這一證據(jù)，我想說(shuō)他還是會(huì)一直無(wú)所畏懼的。）可知，作者對(duì)Kuznetsov作為指揮家的表演是評(píng)價(jià)很高的。故選C。4.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“TherehavebeenmanygreatviolinistsbutnonecouldholdacandletoKuznetsov,amiraculousyoungRussian.”（偉大的小提琴家有很多，但沒(méi)有人能與Kuznetsov相提并論，他是一位不可思議的年輕俄羅斯人。）和第二段第一句“Othermusicianswhohavetradedtheboworpianoforthebaton(指揮棒)havefailed;thetransitionisnoteasy,ofwhichheisaware.”（其他用小提琴或鋼琴換指揮棒的音樂(lè)家已經(jīng)失敗了;這一轉(zhuǎn)變并不容易，他也清楚這一點(diǎn)。）可知，本文是講偉大的小提琴家Kuznetsov試圖轉(zhuǎn)型為指揮家的音樂(lè)生涯的轉(zhuǎn)變。故選C。(B)TheBestWaytoSeeSingapore.SeeMoreforLess!CitySightseeing$33/A,$23/C,FREE/T24hrsofUnlimitedTouring—9amto6pmDuration:1Day(unlimitedrides)Attractions:CivicDistrict,OrchardRoad,BotanicGardens,LittleI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B.DUCK. C.CitySightseeing. D.Flyer.61.Mr.Smithisgoingtotakehiswife,his13-year-olddaughterandhis1-year-oldsontovisitSingaporeattheirownleisurelypace,heshouldgetatleastready.A.$89 B.$99 C.$91 D.$10162.WhichorganizationinSingaporeismostlikelytoissuetheinformationabove?A.EducationCommission. B.HealthDepartment.C.TransportationBureau. D.TourismBureau.【答案】60~62CBD【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了參觀新加坡美景的四種最佳方式?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一欄中的“24hrsofUnlimitedTouring—9amto6pmDuration:1Day(unlimitedrides)”（24小時(shí)無(wú)限制游覽——上午9點(diǎn)到下午6點(diǎn)持續(xù)時(shí)間：1天（無(wú)限制乘車(chē)）），可知CitySightseeing只需一天時(shí)間就可游玩，因此只有一天出行時(shí)間的Mary適合去CitySightseeing。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一欄中的“$33/A,$23/C,FREE/T”（33美元/成人，23美元/兒童（3歲-12歲），免費(fèi)/幼兒（2歲及以下））和“ItiseasytoenjoySingaporewiththeCitySightseeingopen-toptouringsystem.”（新加坡的城市觀光開(kāi)放式旅游系統(tǒng)讓您輕松享受。），可知想以輕松悠閑的步伐去新加坡旅游的Smith一家，應(yīng)該會(huì)選擇CitySightseeing，Smith夫婦（2個(gè)成人）+13歲的女兒（按成人價(jià)格算）+1歲的兒子（免費(fèi)）=99美元。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。由標(biāo)題“TheBestWaytoSeeSingapore.SeeMoreforLess!”（參觀新加坡的最佳方式。物超所值?。┖屯ㄗx全文可知，本文介紹了參觀新加坡美景的四種最佳方式，屬于旅游范疇，因此新加坡旅游局最有可能發(fā)布上述信息。故選D項(xiàng)。(C)Inafewdecades,artificialintelligence(AI)willsurpassmanyoftheabilitiesthatwebelievemakeusspecial.Thisisagrandchallengeforourageanditmayrequirean"irrational"response.OneofthemostsignificantpiecesofnewsfromtheUSinearly2017wastheeffortsofGoogletomakeautonomousdrivingareality.Accordingtoareport,Google'sself-drivingcarsclocked1,023,330km,andrequiredhumanintervention124times.Thatisoneinterventionaboutevery8,047kmofautonomousdriving.Butevenmoreimpressiveistheprogressinjustasingleyear:humaninterventionsfellfrom0.8timesperthousandmilesto0.2,a400%improvement.Withsuchprogress,Google'scarswilleasilysurpassmyowndrivingabilitylaterthisyear.Drivingonceseemedtobeaveryhumanskill.Butwesaidthataboutchess,too.Thenacomputerbeatthehumanworldchampion,repeatedly.TheboardgameGotookoverfromchessasanewtestforhumanthinkingin2016,whenacomputerbeatoneoftheworld'sleadingprofessionalGoplayers.Withcomputersconqueringwhatusedtobedeeplyhumantasks,whatwillitmeaninthefuturetobehuman?Iworryaboutmysix-year-oldson.Whatwillhisplacebeinaworldwheremachinesbeatusinoneareaafteranother?He'llnevercalculatefaster,neverdrivebetter,orevenflymoresafely.Actually,itallcomesdowntoafairlysimplequestion：What'ssospecialaboutus?Itcan'tbeskillslikearithmetic,whichmachinesalreadyexcelin.Sofar,machineshaveaprettyhardtimeemulatingcreativity,arbitraryenoughnottobepredictedbyacomputer,andyetmorethansimplerandomness.Perhaps,ifwecontinuetoimproveinfo