(二)高考代詞及練習(xí)

本資料來(lái)源于《七彩教育網(wǎng)》第二章代詞用來(lái)代替名詞、名詞短語(yǔ)或句子的詞稱為代詞。代詞可分為：人稱代詞、指示代詞、疑問代詞、反身代詞和不定代詞等。高考重點(diǎn)要求：物主代詞、疑問代詞、反身代詞和指示代詞的基本用法定代詞的指代含義以及數(shù)的情況3、it的基本用法知識(shí)點(diǎn)概述一、人稱代詞人稱代詞不僅僅指人，也可以指事或物。第三人稱的人稱代詞分陽(yáng)性he（him），陰性she（her）和中性it（it），復(fù)數(shù)和賓語(yǔ)形式都只有一個(gè)形式they和them，不分性別。選用什么人稱代詞，取決于所要代替的名詞。在數(shù)和性上要與所代替的名詞保持一致。二、物主代詞物主代詞是用來(lái)表示所有關(guān)系的，分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞兩種。形容詞性物主代詞放在名詞前作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于形容詞；名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”，相當(dāng)于名詞，可以作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。物主代詞的用法：（1）形容詞性物主代詞放在名詞前作定語(yǔ)。例如：Hispencilboxisonthedesk.Thisisourschool.（2）名詞性物主代詞作名詞用，本身就相當(dāng)于“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”，因此，后面不可再加名詞。作主語(yǔ)：Richard’sschoolbagisblueandmineisblack.理查德的書包是藍(lán)色的，我的書包是黑色的。（mine=myschoolbag）作表語(yǔ)：It’shis.這是他的（東西）。作賓語(yǔ)：Heborrowsyourdictionaryandyoumayborrowmine.他借你的字典，你可以借我的。（作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)）“of+名詞性物主代詞”可以放在名詞后作定語(yǔ)，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)：Heisafriendofmine.他是我的一個(gè)朋友?！ぷ⒁猓涸嚤容^下面兩句句子：Thisisaphotoofmine.這是我的一張照片。（照片是我擁有的，但不一定照的是我本人）Thisisaphotoofme.這是一張我本人的照片。（照片上是我本人）例1、Noprogresswasmadeinthetradetalkasneithersidewouldaccepttheconditionsof____.A.others B.theother C.either D.another答案：B【解析】根據(jù)上文neither的提示可以看出所指的應(yīng)該是兩者中的另外一個(gè)，所以用theother。這句的意思是：貿(mào)易談判沒有取得進(jìn)展，因?yàn)殡p方都不愿意接受對(duì)方的條件。例2、Shanghaiisreallyafascinatingcityandwe'vedecidedtostayfor_________twoweeks.A.anotherB.otherC.theotherD.other's答案為A?！窘馕觥縜nother意為“又一，再一”，后面如接two,three等數(shù)詞或few等時(shí)，可與復(fù)數(shù)形式連用，我們可以把twoweeks看作一個(gè)整體，在原來(lái)的基礎(chǔ)上再待兩星期。而other，theother用于兩者之間的另一個(gè)，other's是other的所有格形式，故B、C、D都不可選。例3、TheParkersboughtanewhousebut_________willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.A.theyB.itC.oneD.which答案為B?！窘馕觥縤t指代前面提到的單數(shù)名詞。指同一個(gè)事物，此句中指anewhouse；而one指“同名異物”；which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，但題干中有連詞but，并非主從句，which不妥；A為復(fù)數(shù)，更易排除。例4、Infact________isahardjobforthepolicetokeeporderinanimportantfootballmatch.A.thisB.thatC.thereD.it答案為D?！窘馕觥縤t在句子中作形式主語(yǔ)。真正的主語(yǔ)是tokeeporderinanimportantfootballmatch。由于空格出現(xiàn)在fact的后面，所以一些考生把它當(dāng)成了同位語(yǔ)從句，而選了that。而實(shí)際上，infact是介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，后不能接同位語(yǔ)從句。譯文：實(shí)際上，在一次重大的足球賽中，對(duì)警察來(lái)說(shuō)，維持秩序是一項(xiàng)很難的工作。例5、SomeofthewheatisfromCanada.Whatabout________?A.anotherB.theotherC.othersD.therest答案為D。【解析】wheat是不可數(shù)名詞，不能用others代替。therest既可代可數(shù)名詞，也可代不可數(shù)名詞，此處指therestofthewheat。例6、Ifthisdictionaryisnotyours,_______canitbe?A.whatelseB.whoelseC.whichelsesD.whoelse’s答案為D?！窘馕觥靠疾殛P(guān)系代詞所有格的用法。whoelse“其他什么人”，用于主格，賓格。whoelse's“其他什么人”，用于所有格。例7、Oneofthesidesoftheboardshouldbepaintedyellow,and________.A.theotheriswhiteB.anotherwhiteC.theotherwhiteD.anotheriswhite答案為C。【解析】木板一般只有兩面，把一面染成黃色的；另一面染成白色的，考查one…theother結(jié)構(gòu)，由此排除B、D；原句結(jié)構(gòu)為“…theother(shouldbepainted)white，為避免重復(fù)可省略。例8、—Hewasnearlydrownedonce.—Whenwas_______?—_______wasin1998whenhewasinmiddleschool.A.that;ItB.this;ThisC.this;ItD.that;This答案為A。【解析】用that指代上文提到的事，避免了重復(fù)；it指代時(shí)間。例9、—Yourcoffeesmellsgreat!—It'sfromMexico.Wouldyoulike_________?A.itB.someC.thisD.little答案為B?！窘馕觥縮ome相當(dāng)于someofthiscoffee.例10、Fewpleasurescanequal________ofacooldrinkonahotday.A.someB.anyC.thatD.those答案為C。【解析】這句話的意思是“在炎熱的夏天幾乎沒有任何樂趣能和飲一杯冷飲的樂趣相比。”that在句子中代表thepleasure。一些考生只注意到Fewpleasures是復(fù)數(shù)，而沒有注意到這里指的是飲一杯冷飲的樂趣，誤填了those。注意：使用代詞時(shí)一定要弄清楚指代關(guān)系。第三節(jié)鞏固練習(xí)Direction:BeneatheachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA、B、CandD.Choosethebestanswerthatcompletesthesentence.1.Ilike___intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.A.this B.that C.it D.one2.Iwillneverknowwhatwasonhismindatthetime,norwill____.A.anyone B.anyoneelse C.noone D.nooneelse3.Playingtricksonothersis____weshouldneverdo.A.anything B.something C.everything D.nothing4.Weneededanewcupboardforthekitchen.SoPetermade____fromsomewoodwehad.A.it B.one C.himself D.another5.IgotthestoryfromTomand____peoplewhohadworkedwithhim.A.everyother B.manyothers C.someother D.otherthan6.Youcaneatfoodfreeinmyrestaurant____youlike.A.whenever B.wherever C.whatever D.however7.Iintendedtocomparenoteswithafriend,butunfortunately____couldn’tsparemeevenone minute.A.they B.one C.who D.it8.—Oneweek’stimehasbeenwasted.—Ican’tbelievewedidallthatworkfor____.A.something B.nothing C.everything D.anything9.Ifyourunaftertwohares,youwillcatch______.A.none B.neither C.nothing D.noone10.Shedoesn’tknowanyonehere.Shehasgot___totalkto.A.anyone B.someone C.everyone D.onone11.Ihavedonemuchofthework.Couldyoupleasefinishintwodays?A．therest B．theother C．a(chǎn)nother D．theothers12.—WhichofthethreewaysshallItaketothevillage? —________wayasyouplease. A．Each B．Every C．Any D．Either13.Youmustneverthinkthatyouaregoodat______whileothersaregoodat______A.everything…somethingelse B.everything…nothingC.all…none D.nothing…all14.—Doyoulike_____here?—Oh,yes.Theair,theweather,thewayoflife.Everythingissonice.A.this B.these C.that D.it15.That'sanunpleasantthingtosayaboutyourfatherafter______he'sdoneforyou.A.something B.anything C.all D.that16.IinvitedJoeandLindatodinner,but_____ofthemcame. A.neither B.either C.none D.both17.TheForeignMinistersaid,“_______ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.” A.Thisis B.Thereis C.Thatis D.Itis18.______isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress. A.It B.As C.That D.What19.Someofthestampsbelongtome,whiletherestare______.A.himandher

B.hisandhers C.hisandher

D.himandhers20.Mymotheropened______ofthedrawersinturn,tryingtodecidewhathewasgoingtoputin______ofthem.A.every…eachB.everyone…everyC.everyone…everyoneD.each…each21.—Hewasnearlydrownedonce.—Whenwas_______?—_______wasin1998whenhewasinmiddleschool.A.that…ItB.this…This C.this…It D.that….This22.—You'realwaysworking.Comeon.Let'sgoshopping.—_______youeverwanttodoisgoingshopping.A.AnythingB.Something C.All D.That23.—Doyouwantteaorcoffee?—________.Ireallydon'tmind.A.Both B.None C.Either D.Neither24.Somestudentswillrememberthesetermsasthemostsuccessful______inthehistoryofourschool.A.ones B.ones’ C.one D.one’s25.Thisnewrulemaypleasesome,butwedon’texpectittoplease_____.A.more B.other C.all D.any26.Noagreementwasreachedduringthepeacetalkasneithersidewouldgivewayto_____A.another B.other C.theother D.anyother27._____wholaughslastlaughsbest.A.He B.One C.That D.Those28.Childrenshouldbetaughthowtogetalongwith_____A.another B.other C.others D.another29.Theseplantsarewatered_____.A.eachotherday B.everyotherday C.eachoftwodays D.everyoftwodays30.—Wouldyoulikesomewine?—Yes,just_____.A.little B.verylittle C.alittle D.littlebit31.Tom’smotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder,but_____didn’thelpA.he B.which C.she D.it32.—IsyourcameralikeBill’sandAnn’s?—No,butit’salmostthesameas_____.A.her B.yours C.them D.their33.—Haveyoufinishedyourreportyet?—No,I’llfinishin_____tenminutes.A.another B.other C.more D.less34.Ihopethereareenoughglassesforeachguesttohave_____.A.it B.those C.them D.one35.Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butIdon’tagreewith_____.A.everything B.anything C.something D.nothing36.SarahhasreadlotsofstoriesbyAmericanwriters.Nowshewouldliketoread_____storiesbywritersfrom_____countries.A.some…any B.other…some C.some…other D.other…other37.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_____heorshewants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever38.—CanyoucomeonMondayorTuesday?—I’mafraid_____dayispossible.A.either B.neither C.some D.any39.Ifyouwanttochangeforadoubleroomyou‘llhavetopay_____$15.A.another B.other C.more D.each40.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter_____itwas?A.where B.what C.how D.which41.Mybrother’shandwritingisbetterthan______inhisclass.A.anyoneelse B.anyoneelse’s C.anyone’selseD.anyone’selse’s42.Somepeoplewouldratherridebicyclesasbicycleridinghas_____ofthetroubleoftakingbuses.A.nothing B.none C.some D.neither43.Bothteamswereinhardtraining,______waswillingtolosethegame.A.either B.neither C.another D.theother44.Hiscameraismoreexpensivethan_____.A.hers B