21世紀(jì)大學(xué)英語讀寫教程第三冊(cè)1~6ReadingAloud及翻譯

21世紀(jì)大學(xué)英語讀寫教程第三冊(cè)1~6ReadingAloud及翻譯1上學(xué)的孩子們中間有一種普遍的錯(cuò)誤想法,即認(rèn)為他們的老師當(dāng)年都是些神童。不管怎么說,除了不像一般孩子那樣生性貪玩、不愿學(xué)習(xí)的書呆子之外,還有誰愿意長(zhǎng)大后當(dāng)老師呢,Acommonmisconceptionamongyoungstersattendingschoolisthattheirteacherswerechildprodigies.Whoelsebutabookworm,withnoneofthenormalkid'stendencytoplayratherthanstudy,wouldgrowuptobeateacheranyway?我極力向我的學(xué)生們解釋,我在他們心目中的形象—一個(gè)在青春期熱衷于書本和作業(yè)的人—有一點(diǎn)被扭曲了。相反,我極為痛恨義務(wù)教育。我永遠(yuǎn)都無法接受在魚兒上鉤時(shí)不得不去上學(xué)的想法。I'vetrieddesperatelytoexplaintomystudentsthattheimagetheyhaveofmeasanenthusiasticdevoteeofbooksandhomeworkduringmyadolescencewasabitoutoffocus.Onthecontrary,Ihatedcompulsoryeducationwithapassion.Icouldneverquiteacceptthenotionofhavingtogotoschoolwhilethefishwerebiting.2孩子們之所以有權(quán)享受特殊照顧有兩個(gè)理由,無助和無辜。他們還沒有具備推理的能力或來自經(jīng)驗(yàn)的智慧。因此,他們不能照料自己,,無可指責(zé),不可能真正犯罪,。這就是我們給予他們特殊保護(hù)的原因。在緊急情況下,我們有責(zé)任先救他們,因?yàn)楣氯鯚o助能自衛(wèi),不的他們已將生命交付于我們手中。在戰(zhàn)時(shí),他們應(yīng)該受到特殊豁免權(quán)的保護(hù),因?yàn)樗麄儾豢赡軙?huì)威脅或冒犯到任何人。Childrenareentitledtospecialconsiderationfortworeasons:helplessnessandinnocence.Theyhavenotyetacquiredeitherthefacultyofreasonorthewisdomofexperience.Consequently,theyaredefenseless(incapableoffendingforthemselves)andblameless(incapableofrealsin).That'swhywegrantthemspecialprotection.Inanemergency,itisourdutytosavethemfirstbecausethey,helpless,haveputtheirlivesinourhands.Andinwartime,theyaresupposedtobeprotectedbyspecialimmunitybecausetheycanhavethreatenedoroffendednoone.3我真誠(chéng)地相信,對(duì)于孩子們來說,對(duì)于想要指導(dǎo)他們的父母?jìng)儊碚f,感受比知道要重要得多。如果事實(shí)是以后能長(zhǎng)出知識(shí)與智慧的種子,那么情感和感官印象則是種子必須賴以生長(zhǎng)的沃土。幼兒時(shí)期就是培育土壤的時(shí)候。一旦情感被激起—一種對(duì)美的感受,對(duì)新的和未知事物的激動(dòng),一種同情、憐憫、羨慕或愛戀的感覺—我們就會(huì)渴望了解引起我們情感反應(yīng)的事物。一旦找到,這種知識(shí)就比具有持久得多的意義。為孩子們的求知欲鋪平道路比向他們灌輸一堆他們尚難吸收的事實(shí)更為重要。純粹的信息Isincerelybelievethatforchildren,andforparentsseekingtoguidethem,itisnothalfsoimportanttoknowasitistofeel.Iffactsaretheseedsthatlaterproduceknowledgeandwisdom,thentheemotionsandtheimpressionsofthesensesarethefertilesoilinwhichtheseedsmustgrow.Theyearsofearlychildhoodarethetimetopreparethesoil.Oncetheemotionshavebeenaroused—asenseofthebeautiful,theexcitementofthenewandtheunknown,afeelingofsympathy,pity,admirationorlove—thenwewishforknowledgeabouttheobjectofouremotionalresponse.Oncefound,suchknowledgehasfarmorelastingmeaningthanmereinformation.Itismoreimportanttopavethewayforchildren'sdesiretoknowthantoputthemonadietoffactstheyarenotreadytoassimilate.4我希望于所有學(xué)生的是從未來的嚴(yán)酷無情中得到一些解脫。我希望他們有機(jī)會(huì)把他們每一階段的教育純粹作為一種經(jīng)歷來享受,而不是作為一種為下一步作準(zhǔn)備的令人厭倦的需要。我希望他們有權(quán)利試驗(yàn)、跌跤,并懂得失敗如同勝利一樣具有教育意義,失敗并不是世界的末日。WhatIwishforallstudentsissomereleasefromthegrimgripofthefuture.Iwishthemachancetoenjoyeachsegmentoftheireducationasanexperienceinitselfandnotasatiresomerequirementinpreparationforthenextstep.Iwishthemtherighttoexperiment,totripandfall,tolearnthatdefeatisaseducationalasvictoryandisnottheendoftheworld.當(dāng)然,我的希望是天真的。在美國(guó)人不贊揚(yáng)的為數(shù)不多的權(quán)利之中,有一個(gè)便是失敗的權(quán)利。成就是民族之神,它在我們的媒體中受到崇拜—身價(jià)百萬的運(yùn)動(dòng)員,富有的主管人員—在我們對(duì)財(cái)富的贊美中得到榮耀。年輕人就是在這樣一種強(qiáng)有力的國(guó)教熏陶下長(zhǎng)大的。Mywish,ofcourse,isnaive.OneofthefewrightsthatAmericadoesnotproclaimistherighttofail.Achievementisthenationalgod,worshippedinourmedia—themillion-dollarathlete,thewealthyexecutive—andglorifiedinourpraiseofpossessions.Inthepresenceofsuchapotentstatereligion,theyoungaregrowingupold.5對(duì)一個(gè)外國(guó)人來說,身在美國(guó)可能是一種奇特的經(jīng)歷。在國(guó)外呆了7年以后—4年在法國(guó),3年在波蘭,我和妻子于一月份到達(dá)了美國(guó)。從雜亂的初步印象中,我們編了一套從A到Z的解釋,來說明為什么對(duì)那些從歐洲來到這里的人來說,美國(guó)會(huì)是這樣陌生的一個(gè)國(guó)家。Americacanbeastrangeexperienceforaforeigner.MywifeandIarrivedintheUnitedStatesinJanuaryaftersevenyearsoverseas—fourinFrance,threeinPoland.Fromthejumbleoffirstimpressions,wecompiledanA-to-ZexplanationofwhyAmericacanbesuchaforeigncountrytothosewhoarriveherefromEurope.我應(yīng)該一開始就說明我是英國(guó)人,但在佛羅里達(dá)出生的我的妻子莉薩卻是如蘋果餡餅一般地道的美國(guó)人。不過,在我們列出的清單中,A并不代表蘋果餡餅。它代表的是,雄心,Ambition,。IshouldexplainattheoutsetthatIamfromBritain,butmyFlorida-bornwifeLisaisasAmericanasapplepie.Inourlist,however,Adoesn'tstandforapplepie.Itstandsfor:Ambition.在舊大陸歐洲,人們受的教育是對(duì)自己的雄心藏而不露。在這兒,宣稱你在追求老板的職位或者想在30歲以前賺上100萬美元,并沒有什么不合適。IntheOldWorld,peoplearetaughttohideit.Hereit'squitepropertoannouncethatyou'reaftertheboss'sjoborwanttomakeamilliondollarsbytheageof30.6每23分鐘。一顆心破碎了。某人的痛苦沖破其軀體的束縛,化作眼淚流出,隨著哭聲迸發(fā),反抗著一切撫慰其絕望心情的努力。睡眠無法使其逃脫醒來時(shí)的噩夢(mèng)。清晨帶來的只是無法挽回的損失。Every23minutesAheartbreaks.Someone'spainshatterstheconfinesofherbody,leakingoutintears,explodingincries,defyingalleffortstosoothethedespair.Sleepoffersnoescapefromthenightmareofawakening.Andmorningbringsonlytheirreversibilityofloss.每23分鐘。一個(gè)夢(mèng)想結(jié)束。當(dāng)期望化為烏有時(shí),某個(gè)人的未來變得渺茫,成為空白。電話不會(huì)再響,汽車不會(huì)再停在房前。在一個(gè)所有的諾言都被