中考英語(yǔ)之名詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解及練習(xí)_第1頁(yè)
中考英語(yǔ)之名詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解及練習(xí)_第2頁(yè)
中考英語(yǔ)之名詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解及練習(xí)_第3頁(yè)
中考英語(yǔ)之名詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解及練習(xí)_第4頁(yè)
中考英語(yǔ)之名詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解及練習(xí)_第5頁(yè)
已閱讀5頁(yè),還剩6頁(yè)未讀, 繼續(xù)免費(fèi)閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說(shuō)明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)

文檔簡(jiǎn)介

名詞考綱要求:可數(shù)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù),注意其不規(guī)則變化。名詞量的表示方法,特別是不可數(shù)名詞量的表達(dá)方式名詞的所有格,辨析其兩種不同的形式。在具體的語(yǔ)境中正確辨析名詞詞義。命題規(guī)律:名詞(n.):表示人、事物、地點(diǎn)或抽象概念的名稱。如:boy,morning,bag,ball,class,orange,happiness.第一節(jié).名詞的分類名詞分為專有名詞和普通名詞。專有名詞Sunday,USA,Jim普通名詞可數(shù)名詞個(gè)體名詞book,pen,banana,umbrella集體名詞class,family,people,police不可數(shù)名詞物質(zhì)名詞water,milk,rice,air抽象名詞(如表動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)、品質(zhì)或感情等)love,help,youth,advice,business,fun,kindness,progress1.普通名詞又可分為:(1)個(gè)體名詞。如:cup,desk,student等。一般可數(shù),有單復(fù)數(shù)形式。(2)集體名詞。如:class,team,family等。一般可數(shù),有單復(fù)數(shù)形式。(3)物質(zhì)名詞。如:rice,water,cotton等。一般不可數(shù),沒(méi)有單復(fù)數(shù)之分。(4)抽象名詞。如:love,work,life等。一般不可數(shù),沒(méi)有單復(fù)數(shù)之分。2.專有名詞:如:China,Newton,London,Luxun等。第二節(jié).名詞的數(shù)名詞有可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞之分。而可數(shù)名詞又有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分。我們要表達(dá)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上數(shù)的概念時(shí),該名詞就要用復(fù)數(shù)形式??蓴?shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式構(gòu)成有兩種:1.規(guī)則變化情況變化規(guī)則例詞一般情況在詞尾加-sbook-books,bag-bags以s,x,sh,ch結(jié)尾在詞尾加-eswatch-watches,bus-buses以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾變“y”為“i”再加-escity-cities,baby-babies以f/fe結(jié)尾變f/fe為v再加-esknife-knives以輔音字母加o結(jié)尾有生命意義的加-estomato-tomatoespotato-potatoes無(wú)生命意義的加-spiano-pianosphoto-photos巧學(xué)妙記巧記以f/fe結(jié)尾的可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)妻子騎牛拿起刀,(wife-wives;calf-calves;knife-knives)追得賊狼滿街跑,(thief-thieves;wolf-wolves)碰到架子喪己命,(shelf-shelves;self-selves;life-lives)手帕樹葉半空飄。(handkerchief-handkerchieves;leaf-leaves;half-halves)②以f/fe結(jié)尾直接加-s的名詞常見(jiàn)的有:belief-beliefs相信,信念chief-chiefs首領(lǐng)gulf-gulfs海灣proof-proofs證據(jù)roof-roofs屋頂(一個(gè)首領(lǐng)站在海灣的屋頂上相信這個(gè)證據(jù)是正確的)③巧記以o結(jié)尾的有生命意義的可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù):黑人英雄愛(ài)吃土豆和西紅柿,也就是Negro,hero,potato,tomato的后面要加-es.2.不規(guī)則變化①外部變化:child→children,ox→oxen內(nèi)部變化:foot→feet,tooth→teeth,mouse→mice,man→men,woman→women單復(fù)數(shù)同形:Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish等。但當(dāng)fish表示不同種類的魚時(shí),可以加復(fù)數(shù)詞尾。1.有生命的名詞所有格①不以-s結(jié)尾的單數(shù)名詞在詞尾加’s.如:myteacher’sbookaboy’sdiarythegirl’sbag②以-s結(jié)尾的單數(shù)名詞后,既可以加’s,也可以加’如:Engels’works復(fù)數(shù)以-s結(jié)尾的名詞,只在詞尾加’如:thegirls’basketballthetwins’room復(fù)數(shù)不以-s結(jié)尾的名詞,加’s如:thechildren’sclassroommen’sroom2.無(wú)生命的名詞所有格無(wú)生命的名詞的所有格一般用“of+名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)。如:thegateoftheschool,thedooroftheclassroom部分無(wú)生命的名詞所有格用“to+名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。如:thekeytotheexercise;thewaytomyhome;theanswertothequestion;thebridgetotheknowledge3.多人所有格若兩個(gè)名詞并列,并且分別有’s,則表示“兩者分別有”;只在第二個(gè)名詞后加’s表示“兩者共有”。如:John’sandMary’srooms約翰和瑪麗的房間(各有各的房間)JohnandMary’sroom約翰和瑪麗的房間(共同擁有一個(gè)房間)省略名詞的所有格在表示店鋪的名字或某人的家時(shí),名詞所有格的后面常常不出現(xiàn)它所修飾的名詞。如:thebarber’s理發(fā)店theGreen’s格林家▲區(qū)別theGreen’s和theGreens前者是theGreen’shome的省略式,后者是指Green一家人或夫婦倆,是復(fù)數(shù)名詞。4.時(shí)間、距離及地名所有格有些表示時(shí)間、距離等無(wú)生命的名詞和表示世界、國(guó)家、城鎮(zhèn)等的名詞,也可以在詞尾加’s或’變成相應(yīng)的所有格。如:fiveminutes’walk步行五分鐘的路程today’snewspaper今天的報(bào)紙tenminutes’drive十分鐘車程amonth’sholiday一個(gè)月的假期5.用所有格表示節(jié)日的方法除了父親節(jié)Father’sDay和母親節(jié)Mother’sDay,其他節(jié)日我們都用名詞復(fù)數(shù)的所有格表示。如:Teachers’Day教師節(jié)Children’sDay兒童節(jié)6.雙重所有格雙重所有格由“of+名詞所有格”構(gòu)成,表示部分或帶有感情色彩。被雙重所有格修飾的名詞前往往有不定冠詞、數(shù)詞或this/that等限定,如:afriendofmybrother’s=oneofmybrother’sfriends我兄弟的一個(gè)朋友雙重所有格也可由“of+名詞性物主代詞”構(gòu)成。如:afriendofmine我的一位朋友第四節(jié).名詞在句中的作用名詞在句中可以做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等。Motherwenttothesupermarket.(作主語(yǔ))Hehasacat.(作賓語(yǔ))Thisisagoodbook.(作表語(yǔ))Iconsidertheworldaschool.(賓補(bǔ))Tom,monitorofourclass,leftschool.(同位語(yǔ))▲注意:表示職務(wù)、頭銜的名詞前不加任何冠詞。heartattack心臟病apaperbasket紙簍afilmstar電影明星asportsmeet運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)aclothesshop衣服店aglassesstore眼睛店(名詞用單數(shù)形式和復(fù)數(shù)形式做定語(yǔ))Thewarlasted8years.(狀語(yǔ))第五節(jié).名詞的修飾語(yǔ)只修飾可數(shù)名詞的修飾語(yǔ)few很少幾個(gè),幾乎沒(méi)有,afew有一些,several有幾個(gè),many很多,agreat/goodmany很多,a(large/great)numberof大量的,(large/great)numbersof大量的2.只修飾不可數(shù)名詞的修飾語(yǔ)little很少,幾乎沒(méi)有,alittle有一些,much一些,很多,agood/greatdealof很多,abitof有一點(diǎn),3.既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞的修飾語(yǔ)some一些,alotof/lotsof很多,plentyof充足的,enough足夠的,most大多數(shù)的somesugar一些糖,someproblems一些問(wèn)題,enoughoil,足夠的油enoughjobs足夠的工作4.名詞的其他修飾語(yǔ)①名詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞astonebridge石橋,ameetingroom會(huì)議室②形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞aprettygirl,asunnyday,arichman③副詞做定語(yǔ)修飾名詞(副詞做定語(yǔ)修飾名詞常置于名詞的后面)theweatherhere這里的天氣,thepeoplethere那邊的人,thepicturesbelow下面的圖畫,thequestionsabove上面的問(wèn)題④介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞(介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)常放在名詞的后面)agirlincleanclothes一個(gè)穿著干凈的姑娘aboywiththickglasses一個(gè)帶深度眼鏡的男孩第六節(jié).名詞的單位普通單位詞常見(jiàn)的有:piece,bit,article,little….apieceofpaper一張紙,apieceofmusic一首樂(lè)曲,anarticleofclothes一件衣服,anarticleofdailyuse一件日用品,abitofadvice一點(diǎn)建議,abitofFrench一點(diǎn)法語(yǔ),alittleofwater一點(diǎn)水,alittleofmoney一點(diǎn)錢2.度量單位詞常見(jiàn)的有:meter,,pound,kilogram(kilo),ton,sum….ameterofcloth一米布,aninchofland一寸土地,apoundofsugar一磅糖,atonofcoal一噸煤,asumofmoney一筆錢,akilogramoftomatoes一公斤西紅柿3.容積單位常見(jiàn)的有:box,bag,basket,bottle,cup,glass,basin…一般情況下,表示容積單位的詞既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞又可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。abagofrice一袋大米,aboxofsweets一盒糖果,abottleofmilk一瓶牛奶,acupoftea一杯茶,aglassofbeer一杯啤酒,abasinofwater一盆水4.集體單位詞(集體單位詞是用來(lái)描述一個(gè)集體的)acrowdofpeople一群人,agroupofchildren一群孩子,ateamofplayers一隊(duì)選手,aswarmofbees一窩蜜蜂▲英語(yǔ)中有些名詞所表示的物品是成雙成對(duì)出現(xiàn)的,這些詞語(yǔ)常用pair來(lái)修飾。apairofglasses一副眼鏡apairoftrousers一條褲子中考真題(2010.江西)What______doyouhaveforPaul?Ithinkheshouldstudyharderthanbefore.A.newsB.adviceC.helpD.information2.(2010.安徽)Couldyoutellmesomethingabouttheboywhohelpedyoujustnow?Sorry,Iknownothingabouthim.Weare______A.friendsB.neighborsC.classmatesD.strangers3.(2010.天津)Ifyouworkhard,you’llgetgood______A.gradesB.notesC.lessonsD.answers4.(2010.上海)Youcangetmuch______abouttheWorldExpoontheInternet.A.mapB.pictureC.ticketD.information5.(2010.上海)Thecustomersarepleasedwiththe______oftherestaurant.A.balanceB.experienceC.surfaceD.service6.(2010.河南)Itwasveryhardformetomakea______,butIdecidedtoleavemyjob.A.suggestionB.decisionC.planD.speech7.(2010.新疆)Mr.Greenishungry.Givehim______toeat.A.abottleofwaterB.somejuiceC.threepiecesofbreadD.somesalt8.(2010.湖北襄樊)What’syourjob.Henry?I’ma______Iworklate.I’mverybusywhenpeoplegoouttodinners.A.waiterB.reporterC.teacherD.nurse9.(2010.浙江寧波)Michaellikesflyingaroundtheworld.Ithinkbeinga______isjustrightforhim.A.pilotB.policemanC.cookD.doctor10.(2010.河北)Idon’tthinklookingafterchildrenisjust______work.A.womanB.woman’sC.womenD.women’s11.(2011,泉州)I’mthirsty.Iwanttobuy______A.twobottlesoforangesB.twobottlesoforangeC.twobottleoforangesD.twobottleoforange12.(2011,濟(jì)南)Xi’anisoneof______capital______inChina.A.older;citiesB.theolder;cityC.oldest;citiesD.theoldest;cities13.(2011,濱州)______wonderfulnewsreporthewrote!Allofuswereproudofhim.A.WhataB.WhatC.HowD.Howa14.(2011,菏澤)Asyoungadults,itisour______totryourbesttodealwitheachchallengeinoureducationwiththehelpofourteacher.A.workB.jobC.dutyD.task15.(2011,眉山)June1stis______Day.Allthechildrenenjoyitverymuch.A.ChildrenB.Childrens’C.Children’sD.Child16.(2008,汕頭)______mothersbothworkinthesamehospital.A.TimandPeter’sB.Tim’sandPeterC.Tim’sandPeter’sD.TimandPeter17.Youneedn’twaitforTomanylonger.Hemustbehavingsupperat______A.theBrown’sB.theBrowns’C.theBrownsD.Browns18.(2011,清遠(yuǎn))I’msohungry.Pleasegiveme______toeat.A.threebreadsB.threepiecesofbreadC.threepiecesofbreadsD.threepieceofbread19.(2011,廣東)Ihearyourunforhalfanhoureveryday.Right,wehaveto.Itisoneofthe______inourschool.A.rulesB.plansC.hobbiesD.choices20.(2010,武漢)Whyareyoustillwaitinginline?I’vemissedmy______A.placeB.orderC.turnD.time21.(2010,無(wú)錫)Katehaswonthefirstprizeinthesingingcompetition.______pleasantsurprisethisgaveherclassmates!A.WhatB.HowC.WhataD.Howa22.(2010,蘭州)______hardworkyouhavedone!It’sverykindofyoutosayso.A.WhatB.HowC.WhataD.Howa23.(2010,湛江)What’sthedatetoday?It’sMarch8th,______Day.A.WomanB.WomenC.Woman’sD.Women’s24.(2010,清遠(yuǎn))Ifyoutakeaplane,youcan’ttake______ontotheplanewithyou.A.kninfeB.knifesC.knivesD.aknives25.(2009,河源)Look!______buildingthe______BirdNestis!A.WhatagreatB.WhatgreatC.HowagreatD.Howgreat26.(2008,深圳)Whatdidyouseejustnow?Isawtwo______doctors______outofthehouse.A.woman;comeB.woman;cameC.women;comingD.women;tocome27.(2008,湛江)Ilikethenewteacher.Me,too.Yesterdayshegaveme______onstudyingChinese.A.someadvicesB.anadviceC.manyadvicesD.someadvice28.(2011,宿遷)Oh,myGod!Wehavemissedthelastbus.Whatshallwedo?I’mafraidwehaveno______buttotakeataxi.A.decisionB.choiceC.adviceD.reason29.(2011,河北)Cicienjoysdancing.It’soneofher______A.prizeB.prizesC.hobbyD.hobbies30.(2011,長(zhǎng)沙)Mr.Smithalwayshas______totellus.Sohedoes.A.somepieceofgoodnewsB.somepiecesofgoodnewsC.somegoodpieceofnewsD.somegoodpiecesofnews31.(2011,蘇州)TherearemillionsofwebsitesontheInternetandthere______alotofuseful______onthewebsites.A.are;informationsB.are;informationC.is;informationsD.is;information32.(2011,淮安)Wouldyoulikesome﹍﹍﹍?Yes,please.I’mthirsty.A.waterB.breadC.pensD.clothes33.(2011,重慶)Couldyoupleasegetmesome______?I’mhungry.A.appleB.waterC.breadD.egg【中考演練】一.單項(xiàng)填空1.Wherehaveyoubeen,Tim?I’vebeento______.A.theHenryhouse

B.theHenryfamilyC.TheHenry’shome

D.theHenry’s2.InEngland,if____isinthemiddleoftheday,theeveningmealiscalledsupper.A.food

B.lunch

C.breakfast

D.dinner3.Youlookedforittwice,butyouhaven’tfoundit.Whynottry____.A.threetimes

B.athirdtime

C.thethirdtime

D.once4.Theyarethirsty.Willyoupleasegivethem______?Certainly.A.somebottlesofwaters

B.somebottlesofwaterC.somebottleofwater

D.somebottleofwaters5.Mikehurtoneofhis______intheaccidentyesterday.A.tooth

B.feet

C.hand

D.ear6.Thereissome_______ontheplate.A.cakes

B.meat

C.potato

D.pears7.InEngland,thelastnameisthe

_______.A.familyname

B.middle

C.givenname

D.fullname8.Thearegoingtofly_______toBeijing.A.Germen

B.Germany

C.Germanys

D.Germans9.The______hastwo_______.A.boys;watches

B.boy;watch

C.boy;watches

D.boys;watch10.Thelittlebabyhastwo_______already.A.tooth

B.tooths

C.teeth

D.teeths11.What’syour_______forbeinglateagain?A.idea

B.key

C.excuse

D.news12.It’sdangeroushere.We’dbettergooutquickly.ButIthinkweshouldlet_______gooutfirst.A.womanandchildren

B.womenandchildC.womanandchild

D.womenandchildren13.YoucanseeMr.Smithifthereisasign“_______”onthedoorofhisshop.Thanks.A.ENTRANCE

B.BUSINESSHOURSC.THISSIDEUP

D.NOSMOKING14.Aretheygoingtohaveapicnicon_______?A.Children’sDay

B.Childrens’sDayC.ChildrensDay

D.ChildrenDay15.Wherearethestudents?Aretheyin_______?A.theRoom406

B.Room406

C.the406Room

D.406Room二.根據(jù)下列句子的情景及所給漢語(yǔ)注釋,寫出所缺單詞。1.We’vegotalotofnew________(雜志)inourschoollibrary.2.Pleaseturntoanother_______(頻道),Idon’tlikethisshow.3.Yesterdaythe_________(航班)toLondonwasputoffbecauseofthebadweather..4.Autumnismyfavourite

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無(wú)特殊說(shuō)明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁(yè)內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒(méi)有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒(méi)有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫(kù)網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間,僅對(duì)用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對(duì)用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

評(píng)論

0/150

提交評(píng)論