北京市東城區(qū)2019屆高三下學期綜合練習(一)英語試卷附答案解析

#【12題詳解】考查連詞辨析。A.If如果；B.Because因為；C.Until直到才；D.Although盡管。根據(jù)下文Ihadtostayupreallylatetofinishthemall可知“盡管”作者每天疲憊地從學?；氐郊?，還是要熬夜到很晚。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.lecture演講；B.essay散文；C.play劇本；D.test測試。根據(jù)第三段theanswersheetforthetest可知這是一次關(guān)于羅密歐和朱麗葉的測試，故選D?！?4題詳解】考查介詞辨析。A.by借助；B.upon在……之上；C.over越過；D.toward朝著。作者因為沒有準備考試，因此只能“占用”午飯時間來準備考試。takeover“占用”，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.missed錯過；B.carried搬運；C.lost失去；D.dropped掉下。根據(jù)上文Worsestill可知作者錯過了課堂討論和筆記。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.depend依靠；B.agree同意；C.guess猜測；D.improve促進。作者沒有準備只能“猜”問題的答案。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。A.in屈服；B.off發(fā)出；C.out分發(fā)；D.away贈送。根據(jù)下文可知作者剛要屈服的時候，作者的筆偶然掉下去摔斷Y°givein“屈服”故選A?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.wrote書寫；B.settled解決；C.calmed冷靜；D.looked看著。根據(jù)上文Standingbytheblackboard可知作者站在黑板旁邊，向下看可以看到試卷的答案。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.boredom厭倦；B.worries擔憂；C.loneliness寂寞；D.tiredness疲憊。句意：我再也不用擔心考試不及格了！故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.whispered耳語；B.warned警告；C.persuaded勸說；D.chanted吟唱。句意：我的心臟開始狂跳，我的大腦在對我私語。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.coldest最冷的；B.saddest最悲傷的；C.longest最長的；D.fastest最快的。句意：這是我人生中最長的十秒鐘。故選C?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。A.suffering遭受；B.checking檢查；C.cheating欺騙；D.thinking思考。根據(jù)上文Idecidedtofinishthetestonmyown可知作者決定不作弊自己完成測試，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.certain確信；B.regretful后悔的；C.annoyed惱怒的；D.relieved減輕。作者沒有準備因此非常確信自己會不及格。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.open打開的；B.honest誠實的；C.optimistic樂觀的；D.energetic精力充沛的。作者沒有作弊，因此是誠實帶來的愉悅。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.wisdom智慧；B.encouragement鼓勵；C.intention意圖；D.nerve神經(jīng)。句意：我盯著它看了幾秒鐘，才鼓起勇氣把它翻過來。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.anxiety焦慮；B.shock震驚；C.fear害怕；D.appreciation欣賞。根據(jù)下文whenIlearnedthatIhadpassedthetest可知作者通過了測試非常震驚，故選B。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.paper紙；B.credit信用；C.rate比率；D.grade成績。根據(jù)下文C-可知是看到了成績，故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.take帶走；B.put放；C.find發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.gain獲得。句意：我媽媽說，最需要勇氣的勝利是發(fā)自內(nèi)心的。takecourage“鼓起勇氣”，故選A?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。A.gradually逐漸地；B.exactly精確地；C.willingly樂意地；D.seemingly看來似乎。句意：現(xiàn)在我完全明白她的意思了。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.film電影；B.fact事實；C.ending結(jié)束；D.love愛。句意：現(xiàn)在，我的良心不僅可以得到放松，而且我也不必擔心會被抓住，像羅密歐與朱麗葉那樣遭遇悲慘的結(jié)局。故選C。第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AThePerfectSleepChairisdesignedtobethemostcomfortablereclinerchair.Whetheryouaresittingupright,relaxinginyourfavoriteTVviewingposition,orlyingcompletelyflatfbrsleeping,ifslikebeingonacloud.Acloudthathasbuilt-inheatandmassagesettingstomatchyourownpersonalcomfortlevel.Itevenhasabatterybackupincaseofapowercut.WithPerfectSleepChair,there'saperfectpositionforeverybody,eventhosethatprefertolieflatbutwanttheadditionalsupportthatmostmattresses（墊子）don'tprovide.Atthetouchofabutton,thePerfectSleepChairgentlyliftsyoutoanalmoststandingpositionsoyoucangetbackonyourfeetwithease.Someownersusethisfeaturedaily,whileothersuseitwhenrecoveringfromanillness.Timeandtimeagain,ourcustomerstellustheyaretiredofhavingtoreplacetheirreclinersduetoqualityissues.Wehearyou!ThatiswhythePerfectSleepChairishandmadeintheUSAusingqualityhardwoodsandonlythehighestqualityupholster（墊襯物）.Eachchairiscarefullycraftedbyworkersandnotjustabunchofrobots.Everychairstructureisguaranteedforlifeandtheelectroniccomponentsaregenerouslywarrantedforthreeyears.Simplyput,it'sthehighestqualitychaironthemarket_butitdoesn'tendthere…WhenyoupurchasethePerfectSleepChair,you'llgetyourchoiceofclothandcolors!You'llalsoreceiveWhiteGloveDelivery.Professionalswillcarrythechairtotheexactspotinyourhomewhereyouwantit,unpackit,inspectit,testit,positionit,andeventakethepackagingaway!Toensurethatyourproductandpurchaseprocessisofthehighestquality,ourcustomerserviceteamisheretoansweranyquestion,fivedaysaweek,from9a.m.to8p.m.Pleasecallusat800-958-8324.Accordingtotheadvertisement,PerfectSleepChair.（事實信息）helpsdetectillnessessupportsvariousbodypositionscomeswithanadditionalmattressadjustsitstemperatureaccordinglyWhatisthekeyfeatureofPerfectSleepChairintroducedinParagraph3?（推理判斷）A.Itissafe. B.Itislasting.C.Itisportable. D.Itiscomfortable.Whatservicecancustomersreceive?

A.Homedelivery.C.A.Homedelivery.C.A24-hourhotline.D.Amoney-backguarantee.【答案】31.B 32.B33.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。介紹了一種支持各種各樣身體姿勢的椅子PerfectSleepChair以及它的特色?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。第一段第二句Whetheryouaresittingupright,relaxinginyourfavoriteTVviewingposition,orlyingcompletelyflatforsleeping,it'slikebeingonacloud.可知不管你是筆直地坐著，還是以你最喜歡的看電視的姿勢放松，還是完全平躺著睡覺，PerfectSleepChair都可以。故PerfectSleepChair支持各種各樣的身體姿勢。故選B?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句Everychairstructureisguaranteedforlifeandtheelectroniccomponentsaregenerouslywarrantedforthreeyears.可知每一把椅子的結(jié)構(gòu)都是終身保修的，電子元件的保修期為三年?？赏评淼玫谌谓榻B了PerfectSleepChair的一個重要性能是持久耐用，故選B?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句You,llalsoreceiveWhiteGloveDelivery.Professionalswillcarrythechairtotheexactspotinyourhomewhereyouwantit,unpackit,inspectit,testit,positionit,andeventakethepackagingaway!可知專業(yè)人士會把椅子搬到你家里你想要的地方，打開它，檢查它，測試它，定位它，甚至把包裝拿走!可知顧客可以收到送貨上門服務(wù)，故選A。IntheshorttimeSteveandZachhadbeeninsidetheirtentpackingtheirtools,wind-blownflamehadskippedfromthetopofonetreetoanother.Thelongdrysummerhadturnedtheforestintoatinderbox.“Let'sgo!Wecanmakeitbacktotheriverwecrossedtoday!”StevekeptBradyontheleadandtheirheadsdownagainstthefire-wind.ButBradybarkedasharpwarning.Aheadofthemlayathickcurtainofsmokeacrossthetrack.Theywouldnevermakeitthroughthat.Thedogwaspullingathisleadtryingtodrawthemawayfromthesmoke,andyetStevewasuneasy.Itseemedtohimthattheyweremovingawayfromtheriver.Suddenly,Zachcried."Zach!”Steveshouted.“AreyouOK?Whereareyou?”ThenBradypulledStevedownasharpslope（坡）.Atitsbase,Zachwasrubbinghisankle.AsStevehelpedhisfriendtohisfeet,Bradyliftedhisheadandsnuffed（嗅）thesmoke-ladenwind.Nextmoment,thedogboundedawayanddisappeared.Theboysshoutedforhim,buthedidn'tcomeback.Stevecouldn'tblameBradyforpanicking.Hehimselfwantedtoruneventhoughhedidn'thaveacluewhichway.

SteveandZachhadn'tgonefarwhentherewasafamiliarbark,andBradycamebounding,stoppeddirectlyinfrontofSteveandhithimwithhishead,pushinghimbacktowardtheslopethey'djustclimbed.ButStevedidn,tgetit.ThenBradygrabbedtheboy'sjeansandstartedpulling.Themessagewasclear,butStevehesitated.OfcourseherememberedBradysavinghisuncle'slifewhenthedogwasmuchyounger.Washestillsharpenoughtogetthemthroughthis?Nearby,apinewentupinawhooshofsmoke.Bradypulledagain,urgently.“OK,bigguy,"Stevegritted（咬緊牙關(guān)）.Bradyledthembackdowntheslopeandintothetrees.Notfarfromthemfirewastouchingunderbrush.Severaltimesthebigdogstopped.Oftenhechangeddirections.Stevewassotiredthathejustwantedtorest,butBradywouldn'thaveit.Thedogbulliedbothboystogoon.Howlongthey'dwalkedStevehadnoidea.Hewasalmostnumbwhenheheardit-thewonderfulsoundofrushingwater!34.WhathappenedtoSteveandZachatfirst?34.A.Theygotinjured.B.Theylosttheirdog.C.Theyweretrapped.D.Theybecameseparated.35.BradyranawaytoA.seekhelpB.findawayoutC.rescueZachD.escapeforlifeA.Theygotinjured.B.Theylosttheirdog.C.Theyweretrapped.D.Theybecameseparated.35.BradyranawaytoA.seekhelpB.findawayoutC.rescueZachD.escapeforlife36.A.Uneasy.B.Impatient.C.Numb.D.Uncertain.36.A.Uneasy.B.Impatient.C.Numb.D.Uncertain.HowdidStevefeelafterBradypulledhisjeans?37.A.anadventureB.anexplorationC.anescapegameD.atrainingprogram37.A.anadventureB.anexplorationC.anescapegameD.atrainingprogramThepassagebasicallydescribes【答案】34.D35.B36.D37.A【解析】這是一篇記敘文。記敘了Steve和Zach在森林里一次遇到大火的冒險故事?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。第三段第二句Steveshouted,“AreyouOK?Whereareyou?”可知一開始Steve和Zach走散了，故選D?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。第四段最后一句Hehimselfwantedtoruneventhoughhedidn'thaveacluewhichway,可知Brady奔跑的原因是想要找到路。故選B?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段Themessagewasclear,butStevehesitated.可知當Brady脫下牛仔褲后，Steve猶豫了，故選D?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。文章主要記敘了Steve和Zach在森林里一次遇到大火的冒險故事。故選A。CMostgroupsofplantsandanimalsarericherinspeciesandmoreplentifulneartheequator.Intheocean,thatholdstrueforcold-bloodedpredators（掠食者）.Butwarm-bloodedpredatorsaremorediversetowardthepolesandnoticeablymissingfromseveralwarmhotspots.Why?JohnGrady,anecologist,andhisteamconsideredthepossibility—warm-bloodedanimalsneedalottofueltheirmetabolism（新陳代謝）.Perhapscolderwatersarejustricherinsmallfish?Buttheyfoundthatathigher,colderplaces,thereisn'tactuallymuchmorefoodaround.It'smorethatwarm-bloodedanimalsareeatingamuchbiggershareofitthantheircold-bloodedcompetitors.Therealexplanationissimple.Ananimal'sspeed,swiftness,andintelligencedependonitsmetabolism,whichinturndependsonitstemperature.Sincebirdsandmammalscankeepheatingtheirbodiesinicyconditions,theyremainfastandattentive.Bycontrast,thefishtheyhuntbecomeslowerandduller.Atsometippingpointoftemperature,seals,dolphins,andpenguinsstartoutswimmingtheirprey（獵物）.Theybecomemorelikelytocomeupontargetsandoutpacethecold-bloodedpredatorsoftheirown.InGrady'swords,“Warm-bodiedpredatorsarefavouredwherepreysareslow,stupidandcold.”That'swhysharksandotherpredatoryfishdominateneartheequator,butcolderwatersarethekingdomofwhalesandseals.Bykeepingfoodtothemselvesinthepoles,thesecreaturescanthenspecializeonspecifictypesofprey,whichmakesthemmorelikelytosplitintoseparatespecies.ThekillerwhalesoftheNorthPacific,forexample,includemammal-eatingtransientsandfish-eating,year-roundresidents.Buttheworldischanging.It'slikelythatthesurfaceoftheoceanswillwarmby2to3℃withinthiscentury.Grady'steamestimatesthateverytimetheocean'ssurfacewarmsby1℃,populationsofseamammalswillfallby12%,andpopulationsofsealsandsealionswillfallby24%.But“predictionsarehard,”DonnaHauserfromtheUniversityofAlaskaFairbanksnotes.“Polarbearsarelosersofawarmingworld,butsomepopulationsarestilldoingwell.Somegroupsofwhaleshavechangedthetimingoftheirmigrations;othersarehuntingindeeper,colderwaters.Thesechangesmightmakeseamammalsmoreadaptabletochangingclimates.Maybetheyjustneedtofindtheplaceswherefishremainslow,stupidandcold.”38.Whyaretheremoretypesofwarm-bloodedpredatorsnearthepoles?Becausethereismorefood.Becausetherearefewerenemies.Becausetheyarefasterandwiser.Becausetheyconsumelessenergy.Theauthormentionsthekillerwhalestoshow.thebenefitofbiologicalevolutionfoodpreferenceofdifferentseamammalsthedistinctionofspecifictypesofpredatorstheadvantageofconstantbodytemperatureWhatisDonnaHauser'sattitudetowardsthefutureoftheseamammals?A.Positive. B.Negative.C.Neutral. D.Sceptical.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?ArethePolesHeavenforSeaPredators?HowDoSeaMammalsTrackTheirPrey?WhyDotheWarm-BloodedLikeFoodCold?IstheWorldTooHotfortheWarm-Blooded?【答案】38.C39.D40.A41.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。在赤道附近，大多數(shù)動植物種類更豐富，數(shù)量也更多。但是溫血食肉動物在兩極的分布更加多樣化，在一些溫暖的熱點地區(qū)明顯缺失。文章并且分析了這一想象的原因?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。第三段第二句Ananimal'sspeed,swiftness,andintelligencedependonitsmetabolism,whichinturndependsonitstemperature.Sincebirdsandmammalscankeepheatingtheirbodiesinicyconditions,theyremainfastandattentive.可知動物的速度、速度和智力取決于它的新陳代謝，而新陳代謝又取決于它的體溫。由于鳥類和哺乳動物可以在寒冷的環(huán)境中保持體溫，所以它們保持快速和專注。因此極地附近有更多種類的溫血掠食者是因為他們更快更聰明。故選C?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一句InGrady'swords,“Warm-bodiedpredatorsarefavouredwherepreysareslow,stupidandcold."That'swhysharksandotherpredatoryfishdominateneartheequator,butcolderwatersarethekingdomofwhalesandseals.可知“身體溫暖的捕食者更喜歡那些行動緩慢、愚蠢和寒冷的獵物?！薄斑@就是為什么鯊魚和其他掠食性魚類在赤道附近占統(tǒng)治地位，而較冷的水域則是鯨魚和海豹的王國。故作者提到鯨魚是為了說明恒溫動物的優(yōu)點，故選D。【40題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句Thesechangesmightmakeseamammalsmoreadaptabletochangingclimates.可知DonnaHauser認為這些變化可能使海洋哺乳動物更能適應(yīng)不斷變化的氣候。他對于海洋哺乳動物的未來是積極樂觀的。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。第一段第三句Butwarm-bloodedpredatorsaremorediversetowardthepolesandnoticeablymissingfromseveralwarmhotspots.以及本文主要內(nèi)容是分析溫血食肉動物在兩極的分布更多的原因，故選C。DLastfall,Ihappenedtooverhearastudenttellingtheothershehaddecidednottosignupforanintroductoryphilosophycourse.Thedemandsofhismajor,hesaidseriously,meantheneededtotake“practical”courses,and“enlightenment”wouldsimplyhavetowait.Fornow,employabilitywasthemostimportant.Thestudents,conversationfitsintoalargeralarmingnarrativeabouttheroleofthehumanitiesinhighereducation.Inatimeofdizzyingtechnologicalachievementandofrapidscientificinnovation,scepticsofthehumanitiesmayquestiontheusefulnessofstudyingAristotle,theItalianRenaissanceorChinesefiction.Actually,Iregretnotinterruptingthatstudenttoarguefortakingthatintroductoryphilosophycourse.Iwouldhavestartedbyremindinghimthat,formuchofAmerica,shistory,collegegraduateswerenotconsideredtrulyeducatedunlesstheyhadmasteredphilosophy,literature,politicaltheoryandhistory.Thekeyroleofhighereducationwastoinvitestudentsintotheconversationsaboutmatterslikewhatitmeanstobealiveandthedefinitionofjustice.Fosteringengagementwiththesesubjectsisstillanessentialpartoftheuniversity,sfunctioninsociety.Iwouldhavealsomentionedtothestudentthathewasmisinformedaboutthejobmarket.Itistruethatmanyemployersarelookingforgraduateswithspecializedtechnicalskills,buttheyalsolookforothercapabilities.Astheworldistransformedbyartificialintelligence,machinelearningandautomation,theuniquehumanqualitiesofcreativity,imaginationandmoralreasoningwillbetheultimatecoinoftherealm.Alltheseskillsaredevelopedinhumanitiescourses.Further,Iwouldhavearguedthatwhileadegreeanchoredinthesciencesisanimportantpreconditionformanyjobs,itisnottheonlyroute.LooknofurtherthanthefoundersofcompaniessuchasLinkedIn,SlackandFlickr,whoareamongthemanytechbusinesspersonswithdegreesinthehumanities,andwhocreditthattrainingfortheirsuccess.Contrarytothewidelyheldbeliefthathumanitiesmajorshaveahardtimegettingjobs,recentstudiesshowthatthosewithhumanitiesdegreesaresuccessfulintheworkplace,experiencinglowratesofunemploymentandreportinghighlevelsofjobsatisfaction.Theratiobetweenaveragemedian（中位數(shù)）incomesforhumanitiesdegreeholdersand

thosewithbusiness,engineering,andhealthandmedicalsciencesdegreeshasbeenshowntonarrowoverthecourseofacareer.Thecaseforthehumanitiescanalsobeunderstoodinlesstransactionaltermsandmoreasafoundationalpreparationforalifewelllived.Ahumanitieseducationplaysavitalroleinencouragingcitizenstoleadanexaminedlife.Itfosterscriticalthinking,self-reflection,empathyandtolerance,theusefulnessofwhichonlybecomesmoreapparentasonenavigateslife7schallenges.Byallmeans,studentsshouldtakecoursestheythinkpracticalandfollowtheirinterests,butiftheyalsomakeapointofstudyingtheliteratureoftheRenaissance,orresearchingintomodernpoetry,oreventakingintroductoryphilosophy,wewillallbenefit.Whatdothestudents7conversationshow?Studentsfeelemploymentdifficult.Studentsthinkphilosophylessimportant.Studentsfindscientificinnovationamazing.Studentsconsideruniversitycoursesunsatisfying.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph4probablymean?A.Highlyvalued. B.Equallyapplied.C.Strictlyassessed. D.Greatlyimproved.Theauthormayagreethathumanities.discoverstudents7artisticabilitypreparestudentsforgraduationraiseawarenessofsocialstatusprovidegreatinsightsintolifeA.CWhichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthepassage?A.CBDIntroductionP:PointSp:Sub-point（次要點） C:ConclusionBD【答案】42.B43.A44.D45.D【解析】這是一篇議論文。作者就“哲學課程是否沒那么重要”展開了論述，提出自己的看法和論證依據(jù)?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句Thedemandsofhismajor,hesaidseriously,meantheneededtotake“practical”courses,and“enlightenment”wouldsimplyhavetowait.Fornow,employabilitywasthemostimportant.可知對話中學生提到他需要學習“實用”課程，而“啟蒙”只能等一等。目前，就業(yè)能力是最重要的?？芍獙W生的對話顯示出學生認為哲學不那么重要。故選B?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文Astheworldistransformedbyartificialintelligence,machinelearningandautomation,theuniquehumanqualitiesofcreativity,imaginationandmoralreasoningwillbe可知人類獨特的創(chuàng)造力、想象力和道德推理能力都是在人文學科課程中培養(yǎng)出來的，這些才是真正有價值的，故選A?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。倒數(shù)第二段最后一句Itfosterscriticalthinking,self-reflection,empathyandtolerance,theusefulnessofwhichonlybecomesmoreapparentasonenavigateslife'schallenges.可知作者認為人們科學培養(yǎng)批判性思維、自我反省、同理心和寬容，只有當一個人應(yīng)對生活中的挑戰(zhàn)時，這些品質(zhì)的作用才會變得更加明顯。故人文科學提供了對生活的深刻見解。故選D?！?5題詳解】文章結(jié)構(gòu)類。根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)首先通過學生的對話引入文章話題；然后分為三個論點；其中第二個論點中再展開了三個次要點。故D選項最符合文章結(jié)構(gòu)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。AreYouaPrisonerofPerfection?Doyoustruggleforagoalthatisbeyondyourreach?46Areyousettingyourselfupforfailureandshamewhenyoucan,tachievetheunachievable?Understandingwhatdrivesperfectionismisthefirststeptowardreleasingthisself-createdanchorthatkeepsusstuck.Shameandfearareoftenthehiddendriversofperfectionism.Webelievethatifwecanfashionaperfectlypolishedpersonality,flashourintelligence,andperfectourhumour,thennoonecanhurtuswithcriticismandwe,llwinrespectandapproval.Politicianswhodisplayadesperateneedtoberightandrefusetoacknowledgemistakesoruncertaintyareoftendrivenbyasecretshame.Theyfearthatshowingvulnerability（弱點）willexposethemtotheaccusationthatthey'reweak.Theysticktoadesiretoberight,perfect,andpolished,evenwhenit'sobviousthattheemperorhasnoclothes.Perfectionismkeepsusleaningtowardthefuture.We'reconstantlyevaluatingourselvesinordertodobetter.However,ifwecan'trelaxandenjoylightermoments,thenwebecomeprisonersofourperfectionism.Wegetpainfullyself-consciousandtakeourselvestooseriously.Sadly,wedeprive（剝奪）ourselvesofthesimplepleasureofenjoyingthemomentandbeingourselves.Werealizethatfailingatanyenterprisedoesn'tmeanthatweareafailure.Withoutfailures,we'llneverlearnfromourmistakes;we'llnevermoveforwardinourlives.Thosewhosucceedhavemadecountlessmistakes.Theimportantthingistolearnfromourerror,forgiveourselvesandmoveon.Beinghuman,perfectionisimpossible.50Releasingourselvesfromthedesiretoprotectourimage,we'refreedtosailgracefullythroughoursuccessesandfailures—andenjoyourpreciouslife.Doyouholdanidealizedvisionthatisimpossibletorealize?Acuretoperfectionismistomakeroomforourhumanshortcomings.Doyoufearthatotherswillbehorrifiedbywhatyoujudgeaboutyourself?Theaddictiontostayingperfectprotectsusfromanysignofbeingimperfect.There'snothingwrongwithwantingtodoourbestandself-correctingalongtheway.Peoplewhoareaddictedtoperfectionareoftenisolated,eveniftheyseemoutgoingandpopular.Byacceptingourselvesasweareanddoingourbest,webegintoridtheshamethatdrivesperfectionism.【答案】46.A47.D48.E49.B50.G【解析】這是一篇說明文。羞恥和恐懼往往是完美主義背后的驅(qū)動力。如果我們能塑造一個完美的人格，展示我們的智慧，完善我們的幽默，那么沒有人可以用批評來傷害我們，我們會贏得尊重和認可?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文Doyoustruggleforagoalthatisbeyondyourreach?可知本空為列舉完美主義帶來的問題是為一個你無法達到的目標而奮斗、有一個無法實現(xiàn)的理想愿景，故選A?！?7題詳解】本句為段首主題句。根據(jù)本段最后一句Theysticktoadesiretoberight,perfect,andpolished,evenwhenit'sobviousthattheemperorhasnoclothes.可知堅持正確、完美和優(yōu)雅的愿望，即使很明顯皇帝沒有穿衣服。可知沉迷于保持完美讓我們不能忍受任何不完美的跡象。故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文We'reconstantlyevaluatingourselvesinordertodobetter,為了做得更好，我們不斷地評估自己。下文評價這樣的行為“想要做最好的自己，并在過程中自我糾正，這沒有什么錯?！惫蔬xE?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文Werealizethatfailingatanyenterprisedoesn'tmeanthatweareafailure.我們意識到，在任何企業(yè)中失敗都不意味著我們就是一個失敗者。可知本段強調(diào)要學會容忍我們?nèi)祟惖娜秉c是治愈完美主義的方法，故選B?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文Releasingourselvesfromthedesiretoprotectourimage,we'refreedtosailgracefullythroughoursuccessesandfailures-andenjoyourpreciousHfe.可知把自己從保護形象的欲望中釋放出來，我們就能從容地走過成功和失敗—一享受我們寶貴的生命。故本空強調(diào)要通過接受我們自己，并盡我們最大的努力，開始擺脫驅(qū)動完美主義的羞恥。故選G。第三部分：書面表達（共兩節(jié)，35分）第一節(jié)（15分）51.假設(shè)你是紅星中學學生李華。你的英國筆友Jim在給你的郵件中提到他想了解北京近幾年發(fā)生了怎樣的變化。請給他回復郵件，內(nèi)容包括：.變化；.原因；.感受。注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于50；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJim,I'mverygladtoknowthatyouareinterestedinthechangesinBeijing.Letmetellyousomeofthedevelopmentsduringthepastfewyears.Ihavewitnessedmanygreatchangesinmycity.Themostimpressiveoneistherapiddevelopmentoftransportation.Inthepast,peopletravelledmainlybybus.Nowadays,withmoreandmoresubwaylinesbuilt,itismuchfasterandmoreconvenientforpeopletogoalmosteverywhere.Additionally,thespreadofpublicbikeshelpspeopletravelanydistancemoreeasily.Allthesecouldn'thavehappenedwithoutthemeasurestakenbythegovernmentandapplicationsofnewtechnology.Ienjoytheseconvenienceseverydayandfeelproudofmycity.IamconfidentthatBeijingwillbecomemoreliveableinthefuture.Justcomeandhavealookyourself!Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文寫作?！驹斀狻康?步：根據(jù)提示可知，本篇為一封郵件；假設(shè)你是紅星中學學生李華。你的英國筆友Jim在給你的郵件中提到他想了解北京近幾年發(fā)生了怎樣的變化。請給他回復郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.變化；2.原因；3.感受。第2步：根據(jù)寫作要求，確定關(guān)鍵詞（組），如：beinter