定語從句高考考前復(fù)習(xí)課件

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----定語從句概念：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。

Thegirl

whoisstandingthereisMary.

先行詞

關(guān)系詞先行詞：被定語從句所修飾的詞。

關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞。關(guān)系詞作用:①連接句子②在從句中做成分1.Doyouworknearthebuildingwhosecolorisyellow.2.I’moneoftheboyswhoareneverlateforschool.3.Sep.18,1931isthedaythatwe’llneverforget.4.Theonlylanguagethatiseasytolearnisthemothertongue.5.Ihopeyouwillfindthisvalleyabeautifulplacewhereyoumayspendyourweekend.6.ThefilmbroughtthehoursbacktomewhenIwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.

定語從句分類定語從句TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定語從句TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定語從句限定性定語從句與非限定性定語從句限定性定語從句是句中不可缺少的組成部分，主句和從句之間不用逗號隔開非限定性定語從句是對主句先行詞的補充說明，沒有這種從句不影響主句意思完整.一般用逗號把主句和從句分開引導(dǎo)詞：關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，作賓語時一些關(guān)系代詞可以省略引導(dǎo)詞：who,whom,whose,which,ofwhich,when,where等，不用that,不能省略限制性定語從句的構(gòu)成Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.IhavefoundthebookwhichIlost.IvisitedtheschoolwhereIstudied.注意事項:1.從句的位置:2.翻譯方法:先行詞之后“….的”指代所做成分是否可省略that人；物主語；賓語作賓語可省which物主語；賓語作賓語可省who人主語；賓語作賓語可省whom人賓語可省whose人；物定語不可省關(guān)系代詞的用法關(guān)系副詞的用法指代所做成分是否可省略when時間狀語否where地點狀語否why原因狀語否先行詞和關(guān)系詞的關(guān)系A(chǔ)planeisamachinethat

canfly.TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.Themanwhomyouspoketoisournewteacher.Theboywhoseparentsaredeadwasbroughtupbyhisgrandfather.關(guān)系副詞和先行詞的關(guān)系Istillremembertheday

whenIcamehere.

Thisisthehouse

whereIlivedlastyear.

Therearemanyreasons

why

peopleliketraveling.

Idon’tliketheway

thatyouspeak.

on

theday=whenin

thehouse=whereforthereasons=whyin

theway=that關(guān)系副詞實際上是介詞＋先行詞1.Hedidall/everything______hecouldtohelpme.2.Thisisthevery

thing_______Iamafter.3.Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethings_______werememberedatschool.4.Thisisthefirstthing_______Iwanttosay.5.Whoistheman______spoketoyouatthegate.6.Whichisthestar_______isnearesttotheearth.把that,which或who填入下列空白處thatthatthatthatthatthat鞏固練習(xí)把that,which,whomorwho填入空格7.Isthereanythingelse_____

youwanttosay?8.Anyperson_______

hasthemoneycanjointhegroup.9.Themanto_______Ispokeisafamousscientist.thatthat

whom考點二：whoseThehouseismine.Thewindowofthehouseisbroken.Thehousewhosewindowisbrokenismine.

whose=thehouse’sThehouse

ismine.thewindowofwhichisbrokenofwhichthewindowisbrokenImetanoldwomanwhosedaughterwasadmittedIntoBeijinguniversity.Whosedaughter=_________________________Thereareinthisclass20students,______aredifferent.A.whosebackgroundsB.ThebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.thebackgroundsofwhosewhen,where,與that,

which的區(qū)分

１）I’llneverforgettheday_________wefirstmetinthepark.２）I’llneverforgetthetime________________Ispentwithyou.３）Thisisthemuseum_____________therearealotoffamouspaintings.４）Thisisthemuseum_______________Ivisitedlastyear.whenwhich\thatwherewhich\that考點三：why與that,

which的區(qū)分

Thisisthereason_______

Ididn’tcomehere.Thereason__________shegavewasnottrue.Why/forwhich

which/that填上合適的關(guān)系詞并分析原因：1.Theway_________________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_________________heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.that/which/不填that/inwhich/不填缺狀語缺賓語考點4：theway用做先行詞3.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut_____hesaidit.A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich考點5：as引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.asthatasthat這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書。(定語從句)這本書如此有趣，大家都喜歡。(結(jié)果狀語從句)考點6：as引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句

1.Ihavethesamedictionary

asyouhave.2.Itissuch

aheavystoneasnoonecanlift.3.Inthecity,IsawsograndaNationalDaycelebrationasIhadneverdreamedof.4.Thisisthesamehouseas/thatyoulivedinlastyear.5.Heisasgreatapainter

aseverlived.as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句Theearthisround._____isknowntoall.Theearthisround,_____isknowntoall._____isknowntoall,theearthisround______isknowntoallthat

theearthisround.Itwhich/as

AsItas具有正如之意，與之搭配的動詞一般是固定的，如：asyouknow/asyousee/asweplanned/asweexpected定語從句在句首時只能用as,考點6：介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況1Themanwhomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitywhichshelivesisfaraway.toin介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況2Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況3Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況3Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況3Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toin×

×

Arethesetwosentencesright?可見,who、that

不能用與介詞之后

介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況4Isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.

在固定短語中介詞不能提前下面兩句中的介詞能提前嗎?介詞+關(guān)系詞1.Doyouknowtheboy_______yourmotheristalking?2.Hegavemesomenovels___________Iamnotveryfamiliar.3.Istillremembertheday________IfirstgottoParis.towhomwithwhichonwhichThisisthechildwhom/thatIwilltakecareof.4.譯：這是我要照顧的小孩。定語從句中的動詞的數(shù)Heistheonlyoneinhisclasswho_______(have)gottheteacher’spraiseHeisoneofthestudentsinhisclasswho_______(have)gottheteacher’spraisehashave定語從句的辨認與使用思考步驟：（1）找出先行詞

a.確定關(guān)系代詞的人稱、數(shù)和性

b.確定從句位置（一般在先行詞之后）（2）確定關(guān)系代詞在從句中所擔(dān)任的成分以確定關(guān)系代詞的格（3）確定從句時態(tài)

Doyouknowtheboy

mymotheristalkingto?

1.Thisisthetown_______Iwasborn.Thisisthetown______Ivisitedlastweek.2.Iwillneverforgettheday_____Icametoschool.Iwillneverforgettheday______Ispentwithyou.3.Thisisthereason____hewaslate.Thisisthereason____hetoldme.

wherewhichwhenwhichwhythat定語從句與易混句型巧區(qū)分定語從句從句型上講，它與下面句式相似，十分容易混淆。為了幫助同學(xué)們分清定語從句與這些句型的差異，現(xiàn)將其分類例析如下。1.MrLihasthreedaughters,noneofisanengineer.2.MrLihasthreedaughters,butnoneofisadancer.3.MrLihasthreedaughters