2022年黑龍江省齊齊哈爾市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)重點(diǎn)匯總（含答案）

2022年黑龍江省齊齊哈爾市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)重點(diǎn)匯總（含答案）學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

LyubomirskydesignedaSubjectiveHappinessScalebecauseshebelieveditwaseachperson's______thatcanfaithfullyrecordtheirownhappiness.

2.

Tofindoutifyouhaveafevercausedbyillness,waituntilyou______foranhourorsobeforeusingathermometer.

3.

Tofindoutifyouhaveafevercausedbyillness,waituntilyou___________foranhourorsobeforeusingathermometer.

4.Biotechcanimproveproductivity,whichcanbeprovedbytrialsof______.

A.pest-resistantcottoninAfrica

B.theEuropeancornborer

C.thegeneticallymodifiedrice

D.vitaminAmuchmoreconverted

5.

IfWaldoWilcoxshootsthemountainlionwithoutkillingit,hewillmakemuchmoneybysellingittoazoo.

A.YB.NC.NG

6.

InScotland,evenifyourspousedoesnotagreeonyourideaofdivorce,______maygrantyoutherighttodivorce.

7.

Theresultsofcensushavealwaysbeenthecompromiseofcertaingroupsofinterest.

A.YB.NC.NG

8.

Accordingtoresearchers,thelong-timeconnectionbetweensiblingsplaysatrainingrolefortheirfuturelife.

A.YB.NC.NG

9.

DoctorsassumethatSeasonalAffectiveDisordermightoccurwhenthereisahigherdegreeofreleased______.

10.

Toagreatextent,therapidwarmingofEarthiscausedbyhumanactivities.

A.YB.NC.NG

11.

Fromthepassagewecaninferthistextbookiswrittenmainlyfor______toread.

12.

Itisnecessaryforustoknowhealthyweightisnot______.

13.

ThegreatbiologicplausibilitymakesitpossibletousemicrobicidesandoralpreventiondrugstopreventHIVinthenext10years.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

AccordingtoHonda,______are,themajorfactorsthatledtothesuccessofHondacompany.

15.JustTooLoud

TedRueterisn'tjokingaboutpossiblymovingtoNewZealand.Andifhedoesgo,itwon'tbetherageortheexpenseoflivingintheU.S.thatdriveshimaway.Itwillbetheleafblowers.Americansnowownmorethan90millionoftheevilthings,hesays,eachofthemmakingthejoboflawnclearingmucheasier—andmuch,muchlouder.Rueter,aprofessoratUCLAwhoisheadoftheadvocacygroupNoiseFreeAmerica,alreadyfledLosAngelestogetawayfromtheleaf-blowerbother,onlytomovetoNewOrleansandfindtheproblemjustasbadthere."Everywherehasturnedintoleaf-blowerhell."hesays.

It'snotjusttheblowersthataredrivingRueterdaft.It'stheboomcars—thosehigh-decibel(分貝),low-frequencyspeakersonwheelsthatcauseyourwindshieldtobuzzandyoureardrumstopulse'whentheypullupnexttoyouatastoplight.It'sthecaralarmstoo,aswellasthebarkingdogsandthebanginggarbagetrucksandthescreamingairplanesandtheroaringhighways.It'stheexplosionofambient(周圍的)noisethatseemstobeeverywhere,costingmoreandmorepeoplenotonlytheirsleepandtheirsanitybutincreasinglytheirhearingandhealthaswell.

AccordingtotheNationalInstitutesofHealth,morethan10millionAmericansalreadysuffersomepermanentnoise-inducedhearingloss.Theyreportthatsome30millionareexposedtodailynoiselevelsthatwilleventuallyreducetheirabilitytohear.Oneineightchildrenbetweentheagesof6and19alreadyhavesomedegreeofhearingloss,andadultswhoaregoingdeafaredoingsoearlierandearlier."Thegreatestincreaseinnoise-relatedhearinglossoccursforpeoplea5to64yearsold,"saysDr.JamesBattey,directoroftheNationalInstituteonDeafness."Thisisalmost20yearsyoungerthanwewouldexpect."

Andit'snotjustourearsthenoiseishurting.It-takessoundsinexcessof85dbtodamagehearing,butnoiseatlessthan75dbmaybelinkedtohypertension,andthatatjust65dbleadstostress,heartdamageanddepression.Thinkthenoiseinyourenvironmentdoesn'trisetothatlevel?Thinkagain.Aringingtelephonecanreach80db;ahairdryerhits90db;anambulancesirencantopoutat120db."Noisepollutionistrulyapublichealththreat,"saysRepresentativeNitaLoweyofNewYork,whohasreintroducedabillinCongresstoturndownthevolume."It'scritical,"shesays,"thatweworktodiminishtheimpactnoisehasonourcommunities."

TheboomingofAmericahasmanycauses.Populationgrowthincitycenters,lossofrurallandtosuburbansprawl,andthesoaringnumberandsizeofcarsonthehighwaysallplayarole.Sotoodoestheentertainmentindustry,withWalkmans,Podsandsurround-soundtheaterspouringnoiseintoconsumers'cars.Evensportsstadiums,alwaysnoisyplaces,havegotlouderasearsplittingcommercialsfillthecomparativelyquietinterludesthatusedtoprevailduringpausesintheaction.

Whatevertherootsoftheproblem,thenoiseisnoweverywhere—andtheworkplacemaybetheworstplaceofall.Atleast20%ofUSworkersdotheirjobsinenvironmentsthatcouldendangertheirhearing,accordingtoNIOSH.TheUSgovernmentestimatesthatmorethan90%ofcoalminerssufferhearingimpairmentbyage50.Evenfarmsarenotexceptional:accordingtotheNewYorkCenterforAgriculturalMedicineandHealth,astaggering75%offarmersnowexhibitsomehearingimpairment,mostlyasaresultofnoisyequipment."Hearinglossisoneofthemostcommonworkplaceconditions,"saysaudiologistTedMadison.

Forkids,theracketstartsinthecradle.Asqueakytoyheldclosetotheear—whichispreciselywherebabiesmayputthem—canreach94db.Atoyxylophone(木琴)canringinat92db.Andsincebabies'carcanalsaresosmall,asoundthatgetsinthemmayknockaroundharderthanitdocsinan

A.YB.NC.NG

16.Biotechfirmshavenotmuchinterestinthedevelopingworldmarketbecause______.

A.runningbusinessthereneedsmuchindistribution

B.farmerstherearetoopoortobuytheirproducts

C.thesefirmswanttokeeptheirtechnologysecret

D.farmerstheredon'tlikegeneticallymodifiedcrops

17.

Inthejobmarket,jobseekersneedtoknowhowtosellthemselveslike______.

18.

LisaPerezwasalwaysoptimisticduringtheperiodofherunemployment.

A.YB.NC.NG

19.America'sBrainDrainCrisis

LosingtheGlobalEdge

WilliamKunzisaself-describedcomputergeek.Amoreaptdescriptionmightbecomputergenius.Whenhewasjust11,Kurtzstartedwritingsoftwareprograms,andby14hehadcreatedhisownvideogame.AsahighschoolsophomoreinHouston,Texas,hewonfirstprizeinalocalsciencefairforadataencryption(遍密碼)programhewrote.Inhissenioryear,hetooktopprizeinaninternationalscienceandengineeringfairfordesigningaprogramtoanalyzeandsortDNApatterns.

KunzwentontoattendCarnegieMellon,amongthenation'shighest-rankeduniversitiesincomputerscience.AftercollegehelandedajobwithOracleinSiliconValley,writingsoftwareusedbycompaniesaroundtheworld.

Kunzlookedsettobecomeastarinhisfield.Thenhegaveitallup.

Today,threeyearslater,KunzisinhisfirstyearatHarvardBusinessSchool.Heleftsoftwareengineeringpartlybecausehisearningpotentialpalednexttofriendswhoweregoingintolaworbusiness.Healsoworriedaboutjobsecurity,especiallyasmorecompaniesmovetheirprogrammingoverseastolowercosts."Everytimeyou'reaskedtotrainsomeoneinIndia,youthink,'AmItrainingmyreplacement?'"Kunzsays.

Thingsareturningoutverydifferentlyforanotherstandoutinengineering,Qing-ShanJia.AstudentatTsinghuaUniversityinBeijing,Jiashinesevenamonghisgiftedcohorts(一群人)ataschoolsometimescalled"theMITofChina".HeconsideredapplyingtoHarvardforhisPhD,butdecideditwasn'tworthit.

Hisuniversityisinvestingheavilyincutting-edgeresearchfacilities,andattractsanimpressiverosterofinternationalprofessors."Icangetaworld-classeducationhereandstudywithworld-classscholars,"Jiasays.

Thesetwosnapshots(快照)illustratepartofadeeplydisturbingpicture.Inthedisciplinesunderpinningthehigh-techeconomy—math,scienceandengineering—Americaissteadilylosingitsglobaledge.Thedepthandbreadthoftheproblemisclear:

--SeveralofAmerica'skeyagenciesforscientificresearchanddevelopmentwillfacearetirementcrisiswithinthenexttenyears.

--Lessthan6%ofAmerica'shighschoolseniorsplantopursueengineeringdegrees,down36%fromadecadeago.

--In2000,56%ofChina'sundergraduatedegreeswereinthehardsciences;intheUnitedStates,thefigurewas17%.

--ChinawilllikelyproducesixtimesthenumberofengineersnextyearthanAmericawillgraduate,accordingtoMike

GibbonsoftheAmericanSocietyforEngineeringEducation.Japan,withhalfAmerica'spopulation,hasminted(鑄造)twiceasmanyinrecentyears.

"MostAmericansareunawareofhowmuchsciencedoesforthiscountryandwhatwestandtoloseifwecan'tkeepup,"saysShirleyAnnJackson,presidentofRensselaerpolytechnicInstituteandchairoftheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementofScience.DavidBaltimore,presidentoftheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyandaNobellaureate,putsitbluntly:"Wecan'thopetokeepintactourstandardofliving,ournationalsecurity,ourwayoflife,ifAmericansaren'tcompetitiveinscience."

TheCrisisAmericansCreated

InJanuary2001,theHart-RudmanCommission,taskedwithfindingsolutionstoAmerica'smajornationalsecuritythreats,concludedthatthefailuresofAmerica'smathandscienceeducationandAmerica'ssystemofresearch"poseagreaterthreat...thananypotentialconventionalwar."

Therootsofthisfailurelieinprimaryandsecondaryeducation.Thenationthatproducedmostofthegreattechnologicaladvancesofthelastcenturynowscorespoorlyininternationalsciencetesting.A2003surveyofmathandscienceliteracyrankedAmerican15-year-oldsagainstkidsfromotherindustrializednations.Inmath,Americanst

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

Whatdolocalresidentsclaimfor?

A.Theyaresickbecauseofyearsofpollution.

B.Theyaresickbecauseofindustriesontheirdoorsteps.

C.Theyaresickbecauseofpesticidesfromagriculture.

D.Theyaresickbecauseofairpollution.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.聽(tīng)力原文：W:(19)Whythelongface?I'veneverseenyousodown.Ithoughtyouquitsmoking.Howcomeyoustartedagain?

M:Troubles,mydearsister.(20)Femaletroubles.Whatabunchofheadaches!

W:Whichonenow,orshouldIaskyouhowmany?

M:Beserious!JusttheoneI'vebeengoingwithforthepasttwomonths.

W:Youmeanthegorgeousblond,Monica,thatyoufellsohardfor?Kindofsudden,wasn'tit?

M:That'stheone.(20)Ithoughtshewastheoneforme,myidealwoman,thegirlofnaydream.NowI'vefoundoutsheseemstobecheatingonme.

W:Really?Nowonderyou'resodepressed.She'snottheonlyfishinthesea,youknow.Stepoutofhomeandgodowntown,haveabeer,andfindanotherchance.

M:Oh,knockitoff,Maria.I'vebeentruetoher,butshe'sbeenplayingaround.Yousee,weweresupposedtomeetattheStudentUnionyesterday,butshedidn'tturnup.WhenIfinallycalledherthismorning,shetoldalietome.

W:Whyareyousosurethatitwasalie?Don'tyoutrusther?

M:Herstorydidn'thangtogether.Besides,MichaelcametotellmeMonicawasdatingwithsomeguyinaclubwhileIcooledmyheelswaitingforherintheUnion.Itmakesmeboil.

W:Hey,calmdown,Daniel.(21)AreyougoingtotakeMichael'swordforit?Howcouldhehaveknownwhenandwhereyouweremeeting?

(20)

A.Thelongfacehehasgot.

B.Thebehavior.heconducts.

C.Thesmokinghequitted.

D.Thewordshespeaks.

22.【B3】

23.(21)

A.HemetsomeonefromAfrica.

B.HewantstogotoapartyinSacramento.

C.Hecallsthewomanonthetelephone.

D.Heinvitesthewomantohishouse.

24.

【B9】

25.(29)

A.Teotihuacan,oncethehomeof200,000people,wasthecenterofalargeempire.

B.Manyarchaeologistsarefascinatedbytheruinsofapre-ColumbiacitycalledTeotihuacan.

C.Teotihuacan,onceamajormetropolitanarea,wasdestroyedbyaninvasion.

D.AstillunsolvedmysteryiswhythepeopleofTeotihuacansuddenlyabandonedtheircity.

26.

【B11】

27.(31)

A.Money.B.Shipsandplanes.C.Florida.D.Trainsandcars.

28.(15)

A.Thewomanisnervoustogototomorrow'strial.

B.Themanthinksthewoman'spresentationverywell.

C.Thewomanwillhaveaclassspeakingtomorrow.

D.Themansuggeststhewomanhavearuntorelieveofnervousness.

29.(36)

A.Theyhadlivedtoolonginthecity.

B.TheywerenotfamiliarwiththeAmericancustoms.

C.Theywerequiteparticularaboutfood.

D.Theyenjoyedgoingtotheneighborhoodparties.

30.聽(tīng)力原文：M:Hello.Ineedtotalkwithsomeoneaboutmydriver'slicense.

W:Yes.HowmayIhelpyon?Doyouhaveadriver'sIicerise,ordoyouneedtogetone?

M:Well,I'mnotsure.Yousee,Ihaveaninternationaldriver'slicense.

W:Uhuh.AndhowlongwillyoubestayingintheUnitedStates?

M:Probablyfouryears,until1finishmydegree.

W:Oh.ThenyouwillneedtogetinArizonadriver'slicense.

M:DoIhavetotakeadriver'stestto.dothat?

W:Yes,youdo.Youneedtocomeinandtakeawrittenexamandaneyeexam,andthenyouneedtotakearoadtestwithaparallelparkingtest.Didyousaythatyouareastudent?

M:Yes,I'mastudentattheuniversity.Idon'thaveIDwithme,butIcangoandgetit.

W:Okay.Thenyoucanapplyforalimitedlicense.JustcomebackandshowyourstudentID,andyoucan

makeapplicationforafive-yearlicense.

M:Great.That'swhatIwant.SoIdon'thavetotakethedriver'stestthen.

W:Oh,yesyoudo.Thelicenseonlycostsyoutendollars.Aregularlicensewouldcostyoualotmorethanthat,butitisvalidformorethanfiveyears.

M:Whycan'tIjustusemyinternationaldriver'slicense?

W:Youcouldifyouwerejustvisitingforlessthanayear.Butasastudent,youwillbetemporarilyresidinginourstate.

M:Okay.Sothat'swhymyfriendcadusehisinternationallicense,heisatourist.

W:Right.

(23)

A.Themanwantstoobtainaninternationaldriver'slicensethathecanusebothintheU.S.andinhiscountry.

B.Themanwantstotakeadriver'stesttogetanArizonadriver'slicense.

C.Themanwantstoknowwhetherhecanusehisinternationaldriver'slicenseinArizona.

D.ThemanwantstofilloutanapplicationforanArizonadriver'slicense.

31.聽(tīng)力原文：W:Youareontherighttrack.Ijustthinkyoushouldnarrowthetopicdown.

M:Youareright.IalwayschoosethesebroadareaswhenI'mdoingaresearchpaper.

Q:Whatwiltthemanprobablydo?

(18)

A.Chooseanentirelynewareaforhispaper.

B.Narrowdownthetopicoftheresearchpaper.

C.Startdoingtheresearchonthechosentopic.

D.Edittheresearchpaperbeforehandingitin.

32.聽(tīng)力原文：W:Well,letmesee.Fiftyhadregistered,butnoteveryoneshowedup.Ibelievethatwehadtwenty-fivefromtheMiddleEastandfifteenfromLatinAmerica.

Q:Howmanystudentsdidthewomanbelievehadtakentheexam?

(14)

A.Fiftystudents.

B.Fortystudents.

C.Twenty-fivestudents.

D.Fifteenstudents.

33.聽(tīng)力原文：W:Ok,lastnightyouweresupposedtoreadanarticleabouthumanbones.Arethereanycommentsaboutit?

M:Well,tobeginwith,Iwassurprisedtofindouttherewassomuchgoingoninbones.Ialwaysassumedtheywereprettylifeless.

W:Well,that'sanassumptionmanypeoplemake.Butthefactisbonesaremadeofdynamiclivingtissuethatrequirescontinuousmaintenanceandrepair.

M:Right.That'soneofthethingsIfoundsofascinatingaboutthearticlethewaythebonesrepairthemselves.

W:Ok.Socanyoutellushowthebonesrepairthemselves?

M:Sure.See,therearetwogroupsofdifferenttypesofspecializedcellsinthebonethatworktogethertodoit.Thefirstgroupgoestoanareaofthebonethatneedsrepair.Thisgroupofcellsproducesthechemicalthatactuallybreaksdownthebonetissue,andleavesaholeinit.Afterthatthesecondgroupofspecializedcellscomesandproducesthenewtissuethatfillsintheholethatwasmadebythefirstgroup.

W:Verygood.Thisisaverycomplexprocess.Infact,thescientistswhostudyhumanbonesdon'tcompletelyunderstandityet.Theyarestilltryingtofindouthowitallactuallyworks.Specifically,becausesometimesafterthefirstgroupofcellsleavesaholeinthebonetissue,forsomereason,thesecondgroupdoesn'tcompletelyfillinthehole.Andthiscancauserealproblems.Itcanactuallyleadtoadiseaseinwhichthebonebecomesweakandiseasilybroken.

M:Ok,Igetit.Soifthescientistscanfigureoutwhatmakesthespecializedceilswork,maybetheycanfindawaytomakesurethesecondgroupofcellscompletelyfillstheholeinthebonetissueevertime.That'llpreventthediseasefromeveryoccurring.

(23)

A.Twodifferenttypesofbonesinthehumanbody.

B.Howboneshelpthebodymove.

C.Howbonescontinuouslyrepairthemselves.

D.Thechemicalcompositionofhumanbones.

34.聽(tīng)力原文：Man:Doyouknowthethingthat'salwaysstruckmeasoddaboutopinionpolls?

Woman:What'sthat?.

Man:Thepercentages.Likerecentlytherewasasurveyaboutwhatpeoplethoughtabouttraffic,andpetrolpricesandpubliccarparks.Insomecarparksitnowcostssomethinglike￡5toparkacarforhalfanhour.

Woman:Yeah,butIdon'tseewhatyouaregettingat?

Man:WhatImeanisthepercentagesmtheresult.Sotheremightbe70%ofpeoplewhocomplainedabouthighpetrolprices,and60%whowanttoseethetrafficreduced,and65%whothinkcarparkchargesaretoohigh.Doesthatmeanthatthereare35%whoactuallythinkthechargesareOKandwouldevenbepreparedtopaymore,andanother30%whothinkpetrolpricesareOK?Imeanthat'sabsurd.Idon'tknowanyonewhodoesn'tthinkthey'retoohigh.

Woman:Well,actuallyIthinkweshouldpaymore.

Man:Comeon,you'rejoking.

Woman:No,I'mserious.Ithinkweshouldpaymorefurpetrol,eventwiceasmuchmaybe,andcertainlyfarmoreforinnercityearparks.

Man:Butwhy?

Woman:Moretaxesshouldbechargedonpetrol,Ithink,todiscouragepeoplefromusingcars,andakindofgradedchargingsystemforcarparksdependingonhowfartheyarefromthecitycenter.

Man:Whatdoyoumean?

Woman:Well,Ifyouparkyourcarquitefarfromthecitycenterthenyoupayanominalamountasakindofrewardfornotpollutingthecitycanter.Well,thecloseryougettothecenter,themoreyouarepenalized.Pricesinthecentershouldbetotallyprohibitive.Imeanwithanefficientbusortramservicethere'snoexcuseforusingcars.

Man:Yeah,butyoucan'tpenalizepeoplewhodon'tusetheircartogointotown.Imeanifyoudoubledthepriceofpetrol,itwouldcostpeopleafortunetogoanywhere,evenonshorttrips,andespeciallyonholidays.

Woman:Don'tuseyourear.Useamin.

Man:Butwhataboutlorries?Imeantheyusealotofpetroltotransportgoodsfromoneplacetoanother.

Woman:Sowhat'stostopthesegoodsbeingtransportedbytrainorevenviacanal?

Man:Well,anyway,Istillcan'tbelievethat30%ofthosepeoplewho,saidcarparkchargeswereOK.Allthinkthesameasyou.

Woman:Well,maybethat'swhereyouwerewrong.JustthinkaboutwhatI'vesaidandyou'llrealizethatperhapsitsnotsostupidasitsounds.

(23)

A.Traffic,petrolprices,andpubliccarparks.

B.Publictransport,petrolprices,andcarparks.

C.Publictransport,-carparks,andvehicle'taxes.

D.Traffic,vehicletaxes,andmad'taxes

35.(24)

A.BusinessEnglish.B.USCulture.C.TOEFL.D.Computer.

36.(32)

A.Artificialhearts.

B.Telescopes.

C.Microscopes.

D.Radiotelescopes.

37.聽(tīng)力原文：M:Wouldyougotothetenniscourtwithmeifitdoesn'train?

W:No.It'sveryhotoutsideandIburneasily.

Q:Whywon'tthewomangotothetenniscourt?

(16)

A.It'sraining.

B.Shedoesn'tlikeplayingtennis.

C.Shedoesn'twanttogetsunburned.

D.It'sahotday.

38.聽(tīng)力原文：W:Idon'tthinkhavingabigpartyisamistake.Ilikebigparties.Ithinkweshouldpaybackourfriendswhohaveinvitedustotheirparties

M:Butbigpartiesaresoimpersonal.Ithinkwe'dbetterhaveasmallone.

Q:Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutparties?

(14)

A.Shethinksbigpartiesaretooimpersonal.

B.Shewouldliketoinvitefriendstoabigparty.

C.Shefeelsshehastospendalotofmoneyinholdingbigparties.

D.Shewouldliketobeinvitedtosmallparties.

39.【B8】

40.

【B3】

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Inthelasthalfofthenineteenthcentury"capital"and"labour"wereenlargingandperfectingtheirrivalorganizationsonmodernlines.Anoldfirmwasreplacedbyalimitedliabilitycompanywithabureaucracy(官撩主義)ofsalariedmanagers.Thechangemetthetechnicalrequirementsofthenewagebyengagingalargeprofessionalelementandpreventedthedeclineinefficiencythatsocommonlyspoiledthefortunesoffamilyfirmsinthesecondandthirdgenerationaftertheenergeticfounders.Itwasmoreoverastepawayfromindividualinitiative,towardscollectivismandmunicipalandstate-ownedbusiness.Therailwaycompanies,thoughstillprivatebusinessmanagedforthebenefitofshareholders,wereveryunlikeoldfamilybusiness.Atthesametimethegreatmunicipalities(大城市)wentintobusinesstosupplylighting,tramsandotherservicestothetaxpayers.

Thegrowthofthelimitedliabilitycompanyandmunicipalbusinesshadimportantconsequences.Suchlarge,impersonalmanipulationofcapitalandindustrygreatlyincreasedthenumbersandimportanceofshareholdersasaclass,anelementinnationalliferepresentingirresponsiblewealthdetachedfromthelandandthedutiesofthelandowners,andalmostequallydetachedfromtheresponsiblemanagementofbusiness.Allthroughthenineteenthcentury,America,Africa,India,AustraliaandpartsofEuropewerebeingdevelopedbyBritishcapital,andBritishshareholderswerethusenrichedbytheworld'smovementtowardsindustrialization.TownslikeBournemouthandEastbornespranguptohouselarge."Confinable"classeswhohadretiredontheirincomes,andwhohadnorelationtotherestofthecommunityexceptthatdrawingdividendsandoccasionallyattendingashareholders'meetingtodictatetheirorderstothemanagement.Ontheotherhand"shareholding"meantleisureandfreedomwhichwasusedbymanyofthelaterVictoriansforthehighestpurposeofagreatcivilization.

The"shareholders"assuchhadnoknowledgeofthelives,thoughtsorneedsoftheworkmenemployedbythecompanyinwhichheheldshares,andhisinfluenceontherelationsofcapitalandlaborwasnotgood.Thepaidmanageractingforthecompanywasinmoredirectrelationwiththemenandtheirdemands,butevenhehadseldomthatfamiliarpersonalknowledgeoftheworkmenwhichtheemployerhadoftenhadunderthemorepatriarchalsystemoftheoldfamilybusinessnowpassingaway.Indeedthemeresizeofoperationsandthenumbersofworkmeninvolvedrenderedsuchpersonalrelationsimpossible.Fortunately,however,theincreasingpowerandorganizationofthetradeunions,atleastinallskilledtrades,enabledtheworkmentomeetonequaltermsthemanagersofthecompanieswhoemployedthem.Thecrueldisciplineofthestrikeandlockouttaughtthetwopartiestorespecteachother'sstrengthandunderstandthevalueoffairnegotiation.

It'strueofthefamilyfirmsthat______.

A.they'werespoiledbytheyoungergenerations

B.theycouldsupplyadequateservicestothetaxpayers

C.theylackedefficiency

D.theylackedindividualinitiative

42.

Youngersiblingsfromlargefamilies______.

A.wereunlikelytogetstomachcancer

B.wereinescapabletogetstomachcancer

C.wereespeciallypronetogetstomachcancer

D.wouldlivehappily

43.

Whichofthefollowingisthetruedescriptionofthesurrealistworld?

A.ItistheworldofdreamsexperiencedbyPicasso.

B.Itexpressesthepainters'goodwillforworldpeace.

C.IthadneverbeenexploredbyanyonebeforePicasso.

D.Guernicawasthebestillustrationofthesurrealistworld.

44.

Peoplecanfindevidentcluestothewaytheventralvisualpathwayworksfrom______.

45.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.HasthePleistoceneEpochEnded?

B.AnotherIceAgeintheGeologicFutureIsComing?

C.TheIceAges:AreTheyOver?

D.GlacialIceWillBePresentinDifferentPlaces?

46.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Ideasabout"spoiling"childrenhavealwaysinvolvedconsiderationofwhataspoiledchildis,howspoilingoccurs,andwhattheconsequencesofspoilingare;theyhavealwaysincludedconceptsofachild'snatureandconceptsoftheidealchildandtheidealadult.

Themanymothersof1820whobelongedtotheearly"maternalassociations"struggledtoupholdtheideasaboutchildraisingthathadbeenprevalentintheeighteenthcentury.Theyhadalwaysbeentoldthatthespoiledchildstoodindangerofhavingtroublelaterinlife(whenexposedtothetemptationsoftheworld)and,moreimportantly,stoodindangerofspiritualruin.

Atfirst,theonlyapproachthesemothersknewwasto"breakthewill"ofthechild.Thisapproach,cominginitiallyfromthetheologyofCalvin,theFrenchProtestantreformer,wasinheritedfromthesternoutlookofthepuritans.Asonemotherwrote,"Nochildhaseverbeenknown,sincetheearliestperiodoftheworld,destituteofanevildisposition—howeversweetitappears."Infantdepravitycouldbecurbedonlybybreakingthewillsothatthechildsubmittedimplicitlytoparentalguidance.

In1834,amotherdescribedthistechnique:uponthefather'sorder,her16-month-olddaughterhadrefusedtosay"DearMama",sothetoddlerwasleftaloneinaroomwhereshescreamedwildlyfortenminutes.Thenthechildwascommandedagain,andagainsherefused,soshewaswhippedandorderedagain.Thiscontinuedforfourhoursuntilthechildfinallyobeyed.Parentscommonlyreportedthatafteronesuchtrialof"will",thechildbecamepermanentlysubmissive.Inpassing,wecannotethatknowledgeaboutachild's"No"periodmighthavemoderatedthedisciplin