2020年祁東縣第二中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)模擬試卷及答案解析

2020年祁東縣第二中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)模擬試卷及答案解析第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)ANeweventsandchangesofjuniorgolfcompetitioncalendarNeweventsNotahBegay回JuniorGolfNationalChampionshipWhatdoesajuniorgolferaimtopursue?Onethingistobenoticed,ideallybyacollegecoach.AremarkableopportunitywillbeofferedbytheNotahBegay回JuniorGolfNationalChampionshiptoitsparticipants:aneventbroadcastbyGolfChannel.Playersagedbetweeneightand18cancompeteinthenewevent;informationaboutwhereandwhenitwillbeheldwillbereleasedlater.BarbasolJuniorChampionshipBeginningthecareerinthePGATourissomethingthatajuniorgolfertendstodreamof.TheBarbasolJuniorChampionship,whichisscheduledtotakeplacebetweenJune29andJuly2atKeeneTraceGolfClubinNicholasville,Kentucky,willprovidesuchanopportunity.Boysunder19yearsoldwillqualifyforthisnew54-holeevent,andthewinnerwillbeawardedaspotatthePGATour'sBarbasolChampionshipinJuly.ChangedeventsThunderbirdInternationalJuniorThedatesoftheAJGA'sThunderbirdInternationalJuniorhavetobechangedsincetheNCAAChampionshipsmovetoGrayhawkGolfClubinScottsdale,Arizona,forthenextthreeyears.Generally,theThunderbirdisplayedattheendofMay.However,thisyearitisscheduledondifferentdatesforthefirsttime,fromApril9to12,whichmeans,ofcourse,thatthefinishdateisonMastersSunday.GatorInvitationalJuniorgolfintendstoprepareforthefollowingcollegegolf.Ifthisisthecase,thenitiscrucialtosimulatethehigher-levelexperienceasmuchaspossible.Becauseofthat,theGatorInvitational,asajuniorboys'event,hasmadeasignificantdecisiononbecominga54-holeeventbyaddingaroundthisyear.ThenewversionwillbeplayedfromMarch13to15atTheCountryClubofJacksoninJackson,Mississippi.WhicheventcanbewatchedonTV?A.NotahBegay回JuniorGolfNationalChampionship. B.BarbasolJuniorChampionship.C.ThunderbirdInternationalJunior.D.GatorInvitational.WhenwilltheThunderbirdInternationalJuniorbeplayed?A.AttheendofMay. B.FromApril9to12.C.BetweenJune29andJuly2. D.FromMarch13to15.WhathasbeenchangedabouttheGatorInvitational?A.Theawardgiventothewinner B.Theplacewhereitisplayed.C.Therequiredageoftheplayers. D.Thenumberofroundsithas.BBraincellsworktoactivelyforgetmemoriesduringaspecificperiodofsleep.Whenwesleepourbrainsclearoutthememorieswe’vemadewhilewe’reawake,decidingwhattokeepandwhattogetridof.Forgettingisanactiveprocess,explainedtheauthorsofthestudypublishedinthejournalScience.Butlessisknownaboutthisprocessduringthedifferentperiodsofsleep.Theyfoundthatduringtherapideyemovement(REM)sleepperiod—oractivesleepwhenwearethoughttodream—specialnervecellsappeartoactivelycontributetoforgetting.Whatareknownasmelanin-concentratinghormone-producing(MCH)neurons(神經(jīng)元)sitinthehypothalamus(下丘腦):apartofthebrainwhichhelpswitharangeoffunctionssuchassleep,appetiteandemotions.PastresearchhassuggestedthesecellshelptocontrolREMsleeppatterns:activatingtheMCHneuronsincreasingtimespentinthisperiod,whilepreventingthemreducingchangesintothisperiod.ThescientistslookedatMCHcellsinmice,andfound52.8percentwereactiveduringREMsleep,comparedwith35percentwhenthemicewereawake.Studyco-authorThomasKilduff,directoroftheCenterforNeuroscienceatSRIInternational,toldNewsweektheteamwassurprisedtofindthatmiceperformedbetteronlearningandmemorytaskswhentheMCHcellswereprevented.“ThisresultsuggeststhatactivationoftheMCHneuronsmayaffectmemory—thatis,MCHneuronsmayfacilitateforgetting,”Kilduffexplained.Whenaskedwhatmotivatedthestudy,Kilduffsaid,“WehopetheworkcoulddeepenourunderstandingofAlzheimer’sdisease.Understandingtheneuralbasisoflearningandmemoryisahugeareaofneuroscienceresearchbecauseofitseffectsonoureverydaylives,aswellasdiseasessuchasAlzheimer’sdisease.Priortothiswork,noonesuspectedthatMCHneuronshadanythingtodowithforgetting,”saidKilduff.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph1?Forgettingisapassiveprocess.Theforgettingprocessisknowntous.Somememoriesareforgottenwhileweareawake.Certainmemoriesareremovedwhileweareasleep.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inparagraph2referto?REMsleeppatterns.Pastresearches.MCHneurons.Arangeoffunctions.WhydidKilduff’steamconducttheresearch?TopublishthestudyinthejournalScience.ToknowmoreaboutAlzheimer’sdisease.Tocontributetohuman’sforgetting.Toexploreoureverydaylives.WhatcanweknowaboutMCH?MCHcellstakescontrolofREMsleeppatterns.MCHneuronsmaydisturbmemoryconsolidation.MCHneuronshavenothingtodowithforgetting.MCHcellshelpmiceperformingbetteronlearning.CAstudenthadtogethislonghaircutoffinamiddleschoolinGuangDongProvince.Itwastalkedalotamongteachersandstudents.Infact,allschoolshavetheirownrules.Inmostschools,boystudentsarenotallowedtohavelonghairwhilegirlsarenotallowedtodyetheirhair.Andmostschoolrulessaythatstudentsshouldweartheirschooluniformsatschool.Andstudentsmustobeytheserulessothattheycangethealthydevelopmentatschool.Butsomestudentshavedisagreements.Theythinkthatboystudentshavinglonghairdoesn'tmeanthattheyarenotgoodstudents.Theywanttoshowtheirownpersonality.Theythinkthattheywouldlookcooltooiftheyhadlonghairandthehairstylesliketheirfavoritestars.Agirlstudentthoughtthatshewouldlookmuchmorebeautifulifshehadbrownhair.Soshehadherdarkhairdyedbrownoneday.Whenshewentbacktoschoolthenextday,theteacherwasveryangrywithher.Shesaidthatsheworkedhardatherlessonsanddidwellineverysubject.Shejustdidn'tknowwhytheteacherdidn'tallowhertodyeherhairwhilewomenteacherscan.Itisnotwrongforteenagerstolovestars'hairstylesorweartheirfavoriteclothes.However,aschoolhasitsownrulesforallthestudentstoobeysothattheschoolcanbeingoodorder.Studentsshouldnotbreaktherulesatschool.Whataren'tboystudentsallowedtodoinmostmiddleschoolsaccordingtothispassage?A.Tohavelonghair. B.Towearuniforms.C.Tolikefamousstars. D.Toshowtheirownpersonalities.Whydidthegirlmakeherhairbrown?Becauseshewantedtobecool.Becauseshethoughtthatshewouldlookmuchmorebeautiful.Becauseshewantedtomakeherteacherangry.DBecausewomenteachersdyedtheirhair.Whatdoesthewriterthinkoftheseschoolrules?Thestudentsshouldbeagainstthem.Theyarebadforstudents.Theycanmakeschoolsingoodorder.Theycan'tmakestudentsgrowhealthily.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Hairstylesandclothes. B.Schoolboysandschoolgirls.C.Studentsandfamousstars. D.Schoolrules.DTexashasbeenoneofthemostrestrictivegun-rightsstatesinAmerica.Thankstoanewlaw,however,thestatewillbeoneofthemostrelaxed,tothedegreethatpolicearediscouragedfromevenaskingaboutsomeone'sguns.Andiftheydo,theymaynothavemuchpowertodoanythingifthepersonrefusestoshowalicense.Tobesure,thelawisstrictinitsownway,offeringamodelforregulation.Underthelaw,open-carrycitizenshavetobelicensed,aprocessthatincludessafetyandshootingtests.Theyalsohavetoshownopriorpsychologicalproblems,andtheyhavetobeatleast21yearsold.ItistruethatgunviolencedroppedsharplyafterrestrictivelawswereputinplaceincountrieslikeGreatBritainandAustralia.However,theUSpublicseemsmoreinterestedthaneverinweaponsandthepowertheyconvey,despiteguncontrolgroups'concernovertheincreaseofviolence.MoststatesinAmericahavesteadilyexpandedgunrightssincetheendofa10-year3$533H攻擊）weaponsbanin2004.BlackFridaythisyearsawthebiggestguncache（貯存）everpurchasedinoneday.Consideringthosetrends,there'saheateddebateaboutwhetherthenewTexaslawisamodelpieceoflegislation（立法forachangingAmerica,orawalkingdisasterjustbeggingfortrouble.Asthelawdoesn'tprovideanypunishmentforthosewhorefusetoshowalicensetoapoliceofficer,criticsfearthatofficersmayfindittoughtohandlepotentiallydeadlysituations.Afterall,armedcitizenswillnolongerbeconsideredsuspicious,eventhoughalotofpeoplemightbealarmedbythesight.MostpoliceinTexashavebeentoldtonotengageguncarriersunlesstheyaredoingsomethingquestionableorappeardrunk.Forsure,NewYear'sDaywillbeanexcitingoneforTexasgunowners.What'snotyetknownishowtherestofTexaswillrespond.AllofthefollowingarerequiredinthenewTexaslawforopencarryEXCEPTagelimitmentalconditiononlineregistrationgun-operatingskillsWhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph3?ThereasonforputtingforwardthenewTexaslaw.ThepresentsituationofgunpossessioninAmerica.Theimpactoftheassaultweaponsbanin2004.TheinactionoftheUSgovernmentastoguncontrol.WhatdocriticsthinkthenewTexaslawwillprobablyleadto?Heavierworkloadforpolicemen.Disrespectforofficers.Lackoftrustamongcitizens.Difficultyincrimeprevention.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthenewTexaslaw?Negative.Cautious.Indifferent.D.Approving.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)七選五（每題2分，共5個(gè)，共10分）WhatCanWeSeeinaLogo?Weseehundredsoflogosonsigns,vehicles,websites,andevenontheclotheswewear.Alloftheselogosaredesignedtoattractourattention. 16 However,recentlyresearchsupportstheideathatrememberingwhatalogolookslikeisaverydifficulttask.Researchersgave85studentsasimpleassignmenttodrawtheApplelogopurelyfrommemory.Surprisingly,onlyonestudentinthestudycouldaccuratelydrawthelogofrommemory. 17 Researchershavedevelopedatheorythattheythinkmighthelptoexplainthisblindspotinourmemories.Logosaretypicallydesignedtobesimpleandeasytorecognizewithaquickglance.Yetthefrequentexposuretotheselogoscanactuallymakeourbrainsoverlookthem.Thisprocessisknownas“attentionalsaturation（注意力飽和）.”18 Eventhoughthebrainisaccustomedtoignoringunnecessarydetails,itisalsoprogrammedforrecognition.Whenweseeimagessuchaslogosoverandoveragain,webecomefamiliarwiththem.Thisconstantexposureleadstosomethingscientistsrefertoasgist（梗概）memory. 19 Thisgeneralsenseofmemoryhasitsownbenefits.Infact,familiaritywithapopularlogocanevenmakepeoplefeelmorecomfortableaboutpurchasingorusingcertainproducts.Logosareeverywherewelooktoday.Afancydesignorathoughtfulcolor1combinationmaybeagoodstartforalogoconcept,butthereareotherfactorstoconsider. 20 Acleverdesignmaybeinteresting,butmostpeoplewillforgetthedetails—especiallyifourbrainshaveanythingtosayaboutit.A.Thismaybeinspiringtologodesigners.Peoplewillknowtheproductbehindthelogo.Sowhyisitsodifficultforpeopletorecallthedetailsofimages?Theyalsohelpusrememberaproductorserviceconnectedtothatimage.Itmeansthatourbrainremembersthebasicideawithoutallofthedetails.Ourbrainsactuallysignalustoignoreinformationwedon’tthinkwewillneedtoremember.Logodesignersneedtoknowthatpeoplewillonlyrememberwhattheybelieveisworthwhile.第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)IlovethefeelingofflyingwhenIswing（蕩秋千）outsideatschoolduringclassbreaks.My___21___flies,andIsmileandlaugh.There’sonlyonethingIhateaboutswinging:Foralongtime,myfriendRyleawas___22___toswingwithme.Ryleausesawheelchairto___23___duetoillness.InalltheyearsI’veknownher,at___24___,shehadtositinherwheelchair___25___onthesidewalk.Itmademefeelsad.Everykid___26___thechancetoplay,SoI___27___todosomethingforRylea.MymomandIdidsome___28___aboutinstalling（安裝）swingswhichwheelchairsare___29___to.Wetalkedtomyheadmaster.Eachswingcostsabout$10,000.Wewantedto 30 thematourschoolandatotherschoolsinourarea.Wetalkedtoalotofpeopleaboutthe 31 .Itturnedoutthataneducationalcharitywantedtohelppayforit.We 32 T-shirtsandbracelets（手鐲）toraisemoney.The 33 programtookalmosttwoyears.MyfamilyandI 34 $12,000.Onedayafterclass,Rylea 35 theswingontheplaygroundforthefirsttime.Itwasthedayafterherbirthday,whichmadeitextra 36 .Shegotreallyexcited.Watchingherswingwas 37 cool.Herhairblew,andshesmiledand 38 .ShelikedswingingasmuchasIdo,Iguessthat’sbecausewe’resomuch 39 .Makingitpossibleforhertoswingbroughtmeprideand 40 .1thinkIactuallychangedherlifealittle.21.A.hairB.timeC.collar D.mind22.A.desperateB.forgetfulC.unableD.unwilling23.A.foolaroundB.getaroundC.goupD.situp24.A.workB.homeC.breakD.table25.A.parkedB.blockedC.trappedD.abandoned26.A.graspsB.harvestsC.obtainsD.deserves27.A.pretendedB.hesitatedC.botheredD.determined28.A.operationB.researchC.experimentsD.interviews29.A.accessibleB.attractiveC.closeD.beneficial30.A.placeB.gatherC.exhibitD.occupy31.A.schoolB.responseC.projectD.restriction32.A.selectedB.soldC.exchangedD.recommended33.A.regularB.strangeC.wholeD.troublesome34.A.withdrewB.chargedC.borrowedD.collected35.A.imaginedB.inspectedC.repairedD.noticed36.A.vividB.complexC.specialD.ridiculous37.A.slightlyB.franklyC.universallyD.lyA.yawned B.laughed C.trembledA.alike B.stubborn C.dependentD.breathedD.straightforwardA.motivation B.joy C.wisdom D.sympathy第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Beforediscoveringelectricity,peoplereliedonfireasasourceoflight.Itwasatroublesomebusiness 41. firescanleadtodisaster.Makingfiredependablewassodifficultthatlightsonmovingvehicleswere 42. (hard)everconsidered.Theearlytrains 43. (travel)onlyduringtheday.Thetracksweretoodangerousduringdarknights,andpassengersalsowantedtosee 44. theyweretravelinganyway.Inthelate1830s,railroadtrafficbecamesoheavythatfreighttrains(貨運(yùn)火車)hadtoputoffpassengertrains.45.(avoid)theseput-offs,railroadsstartedrunningfreighttrainsatnight.HoratioAllen’s1831 46. (invent),the“Trackilluminator(照明器),”wassuddenlyindemand.Itwasapileofspecialwood47.(burn)inanirongratethatsatinaboxofsandonaplatformcar,whichwaspushedahead 48. thetrain.Theilluminatordidnotcastmuchlight,butitwarnedofanapproachingtrain.In1851,thefirst 49. (electricity)headlampwasdeveloped.Russiaranthefirsttrain 50. wasequippedwithabattery-poweredone.第四部分寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)(滿分10分)51.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(回)并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。Deareditor,I’mwrittentotellyouaboutthediscussionwe’vehadaboutthatentrancefeesshouldbechargedforparks.Therearetwodifferentopinionsaboutaquestion.60%ofthestudentsisagainsttheideaofentrancefees.Theybelieveapublicparkshouldbefreely.Peopleneedaplacetorestandenjoythem.Chargingentrancefeeswillkeepsomepeopleaway.Anditwillbecomenecessarybuildgatesandwalls,whichwillbeharmfultotheappearanceofacity.However,40%ofthestudentsthinkthatfeesshouldbechargedbecauseofmoneyisneededtopaygardenersandotherworkerandtobuyplantsandyoungtrees.Theysuggest,therefore,feesshouldn’tbechargedtoohigh.Yours,Tom第二節(jié)書(shū)面表達(dá)（滿分25分）52.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫(xiě)的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Asafather,Iwasalwaysseekingforopportunitiestoteachmysonhowtobalanceriskwithfreedom.Lastmonth,Iboughtfourlittlechicks.Idecidedtomakeabeautifulcoop（雞籠）forthem.Inthenextfewweeks,I,togetherwithmysonGordon,spentalloursparetimeinthegarage.Finally,thecoopwasfinished.Whileadmiringhiswell-madehandwork,Gordonsuddenlyraisedhisheadandasked,“Dad,shallwelockthechicksinthecoopall