2020-2021學(xué)年英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊(cè)教師用書：Unit 1 Science and Scientists 泛讀技能初養(yǎng)成含解析

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精2020-2021學(xué)年英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊(cè)教師用書：Unit1ScienceandScientists泛讀技能初養(yǎng)成含解析閱讀P7－9教材課文，選擇最佳答案.1．WhydidQianXuesendecidetochangehismajoratuniversity？A．Becausehewantedtogetrespectfromothers。B．Becausehewouldliketodefendhiscountry.C．BecausehewantedtogototheUSforfurtherstudy.D．BecausehefoundRailwayMechanicalEngineeringwasboring。2．WhatmadeQianXuesensooutstandingascientistaccordingtothefirstpassage?A．Hisstronginterestinart.B．HisdifficultiesintheUS。C．Hisgreatleadership。D．Hiscourageandenergy.3．WhendidHawkingfirstbecomefamous？A．Whenhewasstillatuniversity.B．Whenhelosttheuseofhismuscles。C．Afterhesufferedfromaseriousdisease。D．Afterhegraduatedfromuniversity.4．HowwasHawking'sowntheoryprovencorrect？A．Bythesteadystatetheory。B．ByFredHoyle'sstudy。C．Byhisownmistakes。D．Byastronomerswithtelescopes。[答案]1－4BAADWordsAndPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)1)pourvt。倒出;傾瀉；斟（飲料）(教材P7)Anon。Newtonianfluidisstrangebecauseyoucanpouritlikealiquid,butifyouputanypressureonit，itsuddenlybecomeshardasconcrete.非牛頓流體很奇怪，因?yàn)槟憧梢园阉褚后w一樣倒出來,但如果你對(duì)它施加壓力，它會(huì)突然變得像混凝土一樣硬。[例1]Afterthemeetingthepeoplepouredoutincrowds.散會(huì)后人們成群地涌出來。［例2］Peoplepouredintothehall。人們涌進(jìn)大廳。［翻譯］烏云密布,下起了傾盆大雨.Thestormcloudsgatheredandtherainpoureddown．[知識(shí)拓展］pourin 涌進(jìn)pourinto 涌進(jìn)……pourout 倒出；涌出；傾訴pouroutof。.。 從……中涌出來pourdown (雨）傾盆而降[即學(xué)即練］單句語法填空①Theraysofthesunpouredinthroughthewindow。②Theriverpoursintothesea.③Sobbing，shepouredoutthewholestory。④Hewasseriouslywounded.Bloodpouredoutofthewound。eq\a\vs4\al（知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2)breakout(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然開始；爆發(fā)(教材P7)However，aftertheSonghuBattlebrokeoutin1932，QianmadethedecisiontoswitchhismajortoaviationbecauseherealisedthatChinaneededitsownpowerfulairforcetoprotectanddefendthecountry。然而,在1932年“淞滬會(huì)戰(zhàn)”爆發(fā)后，錢學(xué)森決定轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)航空專業(yè)，因?yàn)樗庾R(shí)到中國需要強(qiáng)大的空軍來保護(hù)和保衛(wèi)國家。[例1］Somethingunexpectedalwaysbreaksoutinthisarea。在這一地區(qū)總有意想不到的事情發(fā)生。［例2］TheSecondWorldWarbrokeoutinSeptember1939.第二次世界大戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)于1939年9月。［翻譯]我正在熟睡中，這時(shí)突然發(fā)生了火災(zāi)，而且蔓延得很快。Iwasstillsleepingwhenthefirebrokeout，andthenitspreadquickly。[知識(shí)拓展］breakin 強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入；打斷breakthrough 突破；沖破breakup 破碎；解散；分手breakoff 斷開；中斷；停頓breakawayfrom 逃脫;脫離breakinto 強(qiáng)行闖入；突然開始breakdown 出故障；垮掉[即學(xué)即練］完成句子①Hebrokeintomyhouseandstolemymoney.他闖進(jìn)我家偷了我的錢。②Themeetingbrokeupateleveno'clock。在11點(diǎn)鐘散會(huì).③Onceyoujointhem,youcanneverbreakawayfromthem。一旦你入了他們的伙，你就永遠(yuǎn)不能脫離他們。④Ifyougoonworkinglikethat，youwillbreakdownsoonerorlater.如果你繼續(xù)像那樣工作的話，你遲早會(huì)累垮的。eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)3)inchargeof主管；掌管(教材P8）Hereceivedahero’swelcomefromhishomelandandwasputinchargeofnotonlydevelopingChina'srocketsciencebutalsoitsspaceandmissileprogramme.他受到了來自祖國的英雄般的歡迎，不僅負(fù)責(zé)發(fā)展中國的火箭科學(xué)，還負(fù)責(zé)中國的太空和導(dǎo)彈計(jì)劃。[例1]I’llbeinchargeofthewholefactorynextweekwhenthedirectorisaway。下周廠長(zhǎng)不在時(shí)，我將負(fù)責(zé)整個(gè)工廠。[例2]Thecookisinchargeofthekitchenhelper。這位廚師負(fù)責(zé)管理幫廚工.［翻譯］這位教師負(fù)責(zé)這個(gè)班.Theteacherisinchargeoftheclass．[知識(shí)拓展］takechargeof 掌管/負(fù)責(zé)……inchargeof 控制/管理……freeofcharge 免費(fèi)insb.'scharge＝inthechargeofsb. 由……主管(含被動(dòng)意義)［即學(xué)即練]完成句子①Thecompanywasbadlyorganizeduntilshetookchargeofit。公司管理很差,直到她掌管為止。②Theperformershaveallofferedtheirservicesfreeofcharge。演員們都愿意免費(fèi)出演。③ThecompanyisinthechargeofTomwhenthebossisaway。＝Tomisinchargeofthecompanywhenthebossisaway。當(dāng)老板不在的時(shí)候由湯姆負(fù)責(zé)公司業(yè)務(wù).eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)4）faultn.弱點(diǎn);過錯(cuò)(教材P9）Aboveall，Hawkingwaswillingtoadmithisfaults。最重要的是，霍金愿意承認(rèn)自己的錯(cuò)誤.［例1］Itwasallmyfault。這都是我的錯(cuò).[例2］Thereisafaultinthismachine。這臺(tái)機(jī)器出了故障。[翻譯］她最大的缺點(diǎn)是話太多。Hergreatestfaultisthatshetalkstoomuch。[知識(shí)拓展］findfaultwithsb. 挑剔某人;對(duì)某人吹毛求疵findfaultin 看出……的缺點(diǎn)；找出……的毛?。奂磳W(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Heisalwaysfindingfaultwithme，whichmakesmeveryangry。②Ican'tfindfaultinyourpaper.Itisperfect.SentencePatterneq\a\vs4\al（重點(diǎn)句式)“否定詞＋比較級(jí)”表示最高級(jí)（教材P7)PerhapsnootherscientisthashadagreaterimpactonChina'saerospacesciencethanQianXuesen。也許再?zèng)]有哪一位科學(xué)家比錢學(xué)森對(duì)中國航天科學(xué)的影響更大了.句式分析：句中no。..greater。。。than為“否定詞＋形容詞/副詞比較級(jí)＋than”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示最高級(jí)。［例1］Unfortunately，thetechnologyofclimatechangeisnosimplerthananythingelse.不走運(yùn)的是，改變氣候的科技比任何事情都要復(fù)雜。[例2］Whatawonderfulnovel!Ihaveneverreadamoremovingone。多么好的一本小說?。∥覐奈醋x過比這更感人的了。[翻譯]再?zèng)]有別的書對(duì)我的生活有更大的影響了.Nootherbookhashadagreatereffectonmylife。［知識(shí)拓展］表示最高級(jí)意義的其他常見結(jié)構(gòu)：never＋比較級(jí)nothing/no＋so＋原級(jí)＋as...nothing/no＋比較級(jí)＋than。。。比較級(jí)＋than＋eq\b\lc\｛(\a\vs4\al\co1(any＋單數(shù)名詞,anyother＋單數(shù)名詞，all(the）other＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞，anyoneelse，anyoftheother＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞，therestof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞))［即學(xué)即練]完成句子①Ihaveneverspentamoreworryingday．我從來沒有經(jīng)歷過比這更令人擔(dān)憂的一天了.②Tomismoreintelligentthananyotherstudent/alltheotherstudentsinhisclass。湯姆是他班上最聰明的學(xué)生。③Nothingisas/soimportantas(＝moreimportantthan）practice.實(shí)踐最重要。數(shù)據(jù)信息題——“加減乘除"法[典例剖析］Inarecyclingeconomy，wewouldmakeonesetof100canstostartwith，thenreplacethemoverandoveragainwithrecycledcans.Sincealmost3%ofthemetalislostduringreprocessing，we'dhavetomakeanextra10canseachyear.eq\x(Butinall，only150canswill）eq\x（beusedupoverthecat’slifetime)－andwe’llstillhave100leftoverforthenextcat.Howmanycanswillbeusedupinacat's15-yearlifetimeinarecyclingeconomy?A．50.B．100。C．150。D．250.Ｋ★試題特點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)信息題一般需要根據(jù)閱讀材料中給出的有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)，通過計(jì)算（加減乘除)，得出正確的結(jié)論?！锝忸}思路Step1：確定題干中的關(guān)鍵詞（題干黑體部分)；Step2：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位信息句；Step3：嘗試解答——根據(jù)信息句可知，在循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)中,要養(yǎng)活一只存活15年的貓需要用掉150個(gè)罐。故選C?！锩麕燑c(diǎn)津(1）簡(jiǎn)單的數(shù)據(jù)可采用“推算法”，即以有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ)，進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的運(yùn)算。（2）數(shù)據(jù)較多的文章，通常采用“列表法”，即按一定的規(guī)律將數(shù)據(jù)分門別類地列出，化模糊為清晰，為計(jì)算打下基礎(chǔ)。［即學(xué)即練]AForSale（出售)One.bedroomapartmentIt'snearNo.1HighSchool.Thereisapark，alibraryandasupermarketnearhere。Rightprice.Tel:86825044Time:10：00a．m。－4：00p．m。CityGoodEnglishteachersgiveclassesfrom8：00a．m。to11：00aPleasecallLisaat53545156onweekdays。Time：9：00a．m.－4：00p．m.ForRentOnehundredbikes.Allbikesarenewandcolorful.It'sneartheCenterTenyuanaday。CallMr.Liat33843535everyday。FoundAgreenMP4ontheplaygroundonMondayevening。SeeLinTaoinClass4，Grade7。Room518，BuildingB.IfKangkangwantstolearnEnglishonSaturday,it'llcosthimaday。A．￥50B．￥100C．￥150D．￥200C[瀏覽題目后可知，答案應(yīng)該在第二個(gè)表格CityEnglishCenter內(nèi)尋找。閱讀表格內(nèi)信息可以得知，英語課一小時(shí)50元，從8：00～11:00一天上課3小時(shí)。題目中問康康在周六學(xué)英語，一天需花費(fèi)多少錢?通過分析可得50元/小時(shí)×3小時(shí)＝150元。因此答案選擇C。］B“Let'sgodownonemore，pushyourenterkey。。."saysavolunteerhelpingseniorcitizensworkawebsessionontheInternet。DavidLansdalehasfoundawaytolightupthelivesoftheelderly。HegetsthemwiredtotheInternet.“Ifyouhityourenterkey，itwillbringupthisparticulare。mail..。”PaulineAllenisoneofthosewhohasstartedusingtheInternet。“IthoughtIwasthroughwithlife,Iwasreadyforarockingchair，becauseIwas86yearsold。AndIhaven’tfoundtherockingchairyet.”“Youfoundthekeyboard?”asksthereporter.“That’sright，Ifoundthekeyboard?！盩heaverageageofLansdale'sstudentsisaround68。Allareinnursingorassistedcarehomes.HeusedfamilyrelationshipstointroducethemtotheWorldWideWeb.DavidLansdalesays，“HeretheyareinCalifornia,thefamilywasbackinNewYork，theopportunitytoconnect，tocrossthetimeandspace，wasincrediblypreciousopportunitytothem?！薄癐hearyouaresobeautiful。"LillianSherwritesane.mailtoanewborngreatgranddaughter.Workingwithoneanother，theseniorlearnasagroup.TheylearntomastertheInternetandtoovercomewhatLansdalecallsthemaladiesoftheinstitutionalized：loneliness，helplessness，boredom，andlossofmemory.MaryHarveysays,“Bingojustdoesn’tinterestme。Butthisdoes,believeme，thisdoes?！盢inety.fouryearoldRuthHymanisastarpupilandinstructor。Shesays，“WhenIsendalettertomygrandchildren,andgreatgrandchildren，theyhangitupintheiroffices,justlik