Unit-5-The-power-of-nature-課件(人教選修6)

Unit5Thepowerofnature

Part2

LearningaboutLanguage

Ⅰ.用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式，完成課文中的句子1．Iwasappointedasavolcanologist________(work)fortheHawaiianVolcanoObservatory(HVO)twentyyearsago.[答案]

working2．Myjobis________(collect)informationforadatabaseaboutMount…[答案]

collecting3．________(look)carefullyattheground，Imademywaytotheedgeofthecrater.[答案]

Looking4．________(experience)quiteafewearthquakesinHawaiialready，Ididn’ttakemuchnotice.[答案]

Havingexperienced動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語1．-ing的形式：-ing有一般式和完成式。及物動(dòng)詞的-ing還有主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)，而不及物動(dòng)詞的-ing則沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。現(xiàn)在以及物動(dòng)詞make和不及物動(dòng)詞go為例，將-ing各種形式列表如下：語態(tài)動(dòng)詞形式及物動(dòng)詞make不及物動(dòng)詞go主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)一般式makingbeingmadegoing完成式havingmadehavingbeenmadehavinggone2.動(dòng)詞-ing形式(現(xiàn)在分詞)做狀語時(shí)，通常都表示主語正在進(jìn)行的另一動(dòng)作，其邏輯主語必須與句子的主語保持一致，且必須與句子的主語是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系；動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示的動(dòng)作是次要?jiǎng)幼鳌?1)如果分詞所表示的動(dòng)作和謂語的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生，用動(dòng)詞-ing形式的一般式。Shestoodtherewaitingforthebus.Theysatinthegardentalkingaboutthedaystheyspenttogether.(2)如果分詞動(dòng)作明顯在謂語動(dòng)詞之前發(fā)生，用動(dòng)詞-ing的完成式，若分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與主語之間是主謂關(guān)系，則用havingdone，若是動(dòng)賓(被動(dòng))關(guān)系，則用havingbeendone.Havingansweredtheletter,shewentontolistentotheradio.Havingbeentheremorethanonce,theoldprofessordidnotshowusaroundthelab.Havingworkedinthecountryforthreeyears,heknewhowtogrowvegetables.Havingfinishedhishomework,hewenttobcd.HavinglivedinNewYorkforyears,Iknoweachpartofitverywell.動(dòng)詞-ing形式的否定式是在其前加not，如：Notknowingwhattodo,shecalledherbestfriendforhelp.Nothearingtheknockonthedoor,heremainedseated.Nothavingfoundthekey,jackwasveryanxious.Nothavingreadthebook，hecouldn’ttellusaboutit.3．動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語的句法功能：動(dòng)詞-ing形式可以做伴隨，原因，時(shí)間，條件，結(jié)果，讓步，方式等狀語。(1)作伴隨狀語：分詞等于and連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞或分句。Thedogcamein,followingitsmaster.＝Thedogcamein.Itfolloweditsmaster.Thechildrenranoutoftheroom,laughingandtalkingmerrily.Theystoodthereforanhour,watchingthegame.[動(dòng)手練習(xí)]①________withfright,ahungryfoxhidhimselfinasmallcave,________histailtotherain.A．Trembling;exposing

B．Trembled;exposeC．Trembled;exposing D．Trembling;exposed答案：A②________thebabycrying，thewoman________intothedistance.A．leaving;disappearing B．left；disappearedC．left;disappearing D．leaving;disappeared答案：D(2)作原因狀語相當(dāng)于as，since，because等引起的原因狀語從句，常位于句首，句中或句末。Beingabraveman,hedecidedtoreturntoFrance.＝Ashewasabraveman，hedecidedtoreturntoFrance.Seeingnobodyathome,shedecidedtoleavethemanote.Notknowingheraddress,wecouldn’tgetintouchwithher.Beingsopoorinthosedays,wecouldn’taffordtosendtheboytohospital.Nothavingreceivedananswer,hedecidedtowriteanotherletter.[動(dòng)手練習(xí)]①________theexam,theboywaspunishedbyhisfather.A．Nopassing B．HavingpassedC．Notpassing D．Nothavingpassed答案：D②________bythebeautyofitsbuildingsontheirpreviousvisit,theydecidedtovisitthesmalloldtownagain.A．Struck B．TobestruckC．Havingstruck D．Beingstruck答案：A(3)作時(shí)間狀語，相當(dāng)于when，while，as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，常位于句首或句末。在作時(shí)間狀語的分詞前，可加連詞while，when，介詞after，before，on等。HavingreturnedtoFrance,hewasputintoprison.＝AfterhereturnedtoFrance,hewasputintoprison.Havingarrivedatthefactory,theyimmediatelysetouttowork.Becarefulwhencrossingthestreet.Don’tmentionthiswhiletalkingtohim.OnarrivinginLondon,hemanagedtogetintouchwithher＝AssoonashearrivedinLondon,hemanagedtogetintouchwithher.Havingreadtheletter,shegotveryexcited.[動(dòng)手練習(xí)]①When________thatitwasgettinglate,Iputoffthelightandwenttobed.A．find B．findingC．found D．tofind答案：B②________intomanylanguages,thestoryiswellknownallovertheworldnow.A．BeingtranslatedB．HavingtranslatedC．TobetranslateD．Havingbeentranslated答案：D(4)作條件狀語，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)if等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，常位于句首。Knowinganythingaboutit,Iwilltellyouall.＝IfIknowanythingaboutit,Iwilltellyouall.Workinghard,youwillsucceed.—Icouldgoandgetsomeonetobringthecar.—No,thanks.I’llbebetterifwalking[動(dòng)手練習(xí)]①________allday，youwillwasteyourvaluabletime.A．Playing B．ToplayC．Played D．Havingplayed答案：A②________hardthisway，youwillachieveyourgoalintime.A．Towork B．WorkingC．Worked D．Havingworked答案：B(5)作結(jié)果狀語的現(xiàn)在分詞表示必然結(jié)果，前可加thus，不定式表意外的結(jié)果，前可加only。Herhusbanddiedin1942,leavingherwithfivechildren.Thebuswasheldupbysnowstorm,thuscausingthedelay.Hewascaughtintherain,thusmakinghimselfcatchcold.[動(dòng)手練習(xí)]①Thebravemandied，____________hisyoungwifenothingbuta________cottage.A．left;breaking B．leaving;brokenC．left;broken D．toleave:breaking答案：B②Asmallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity，________allfourpeopleonboard.A．tokill B．killingC．kill D．havingkilled答案：B(6)作讓步狀語：相當(dāng)于although，though，evenif，eventhough引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，常位于句首。Buyingalotofbooksfortheexam,hefailedinitbecauseofthelearningmethod.＝Althoughhehadboughtalotofbooksfortheexam,hefailedinitbecauseofthelearningmethod.knowingallthis,theymademepayforthedamage.＝Thoughtheyknewallthis,theymademepayforthedamage.[動(dòng)手練習(xí)]①Though________heavily，itclearedupverysoon.A．hadrained B．haverainedC．raining D．rained答案：C②________volcanoesnowformorethantwentyyears，Iamstillamazedattheirbeautyaswellastheirpotentialtocausegreatdamage.A．Hadstudied B．HavingstudiedC．Tostudy D．Studying答案：B(7)作方式狀語的分詞等于介詞with引導(dǎo)的方式狀語或and并列的兩個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞Walkingslowly，Iapproached(靠近)thelittlewindow＝Bywalkingslowly，Iapproachedthelittlewindow.Hestoodleaningagainst(靠在…上)thewall＝Hestoodandleanedagainstthewall.[動(dòng)手練習(xí)]①________ourshoesinourhands，wecrossedthestream.A．Tocarry B．CarryingC．Carried D．Carry答案：B②________theoldman，theyoungpeoplestartedwalkingslowly.A．Tofollow B．FollowC．Following D．Followed答案：C4．與邏輯主語構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格。例如：Iwaitingforthebus，abirdfellonmyhead.Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout，theywentawaydisappointedly.Timepermitting，we’lldoanothertwoexercises.[動(dòng)手練習(xí)]①Withoutanyone________，heslippedthroughthewindow.A．notice B．noticedC．noticing D．tonotice答案：C②Themeeting________，wealldrovehome.A．wasover B．isoverC．beingover D．beover答案：C5．現(xiàn)在分詞獨(dú)立成分的特殊使用generallyspeaking：一般來講，franklyspeaking：坦白地說。exactlyspeaking，嚴(yán)密地講，正確地說。judgingfrom/by…，從…可以判斷出來。considering…考慮到…Generallyspeaking,girlsaremoreinterestedinliteraturethanboys.Judgingfromheraccent,shemustcomefromArabiancountries.[動(dòng)手練習(xí)]①________fromwhathesaid，hemustbethethiefwhohasstolenthecar.A．Judging B．JudgedC．Tojudge D．Judge答案：A②________，womenlivelongerthanmen.A．Generallyspeaking