必修三-Unit-4-主語從句課件

Grammar主語從句在句中充當(dāng)主語的從句叫做主語從句。SubjectClause1Thathewillcomeiscertain.2Whetheritwillpleasethemisnoteasytosay.3Whyhediditremainsamystery.4Whichsidewillwinisnotclear.5Whatseemseasytosomepeopleseemsdifficulttoothers.Findthesubjectclausesinthefollowingsentences,andtranslatethem.思考：主語從句有哪些引導(dǎo)詞，這些引導(dǎo)詞如何選用？6Whentheywillstartisnotknownyet.7Howhebecameagreatscientistisknowntousall.8Whowilltakepartinthemeetinghasnotbeendecided.9Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished.10Wheresheisfromisunknown.引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞:從屬連詞(不作成分）連接代詞（作成分）連接副詞（作狀語）what,who,whom,whose,which,wh+everthat,whether,when,where,how,why主語從句考點：1.引導(dǎo)詞2.謂語動詞單復(fù)數(shù)3.It作形式主語1.

iscertain.（我們將遲到了）2.________________________isknowntoall.(地球是圓的)3.

isapity(你錯過了這次機會)

ThattheearthisroundThatyoumissedthechance二.whether

是否，表不確定的事情.1.引導(dǎo)詞Thatwewillbelate

hurtshimsomuch.（她離開他）一.that

---只起引導(dǎo)作用，不充當(dāng)成分，無詞義，但不能省略。Thatshelefthim

isnoteasytosay(他是否會來這）Whetherhewillcomehere(Ifhewillcomehere...)×

ismorepractice.(我們所需要的）what在從句中作賓語

isunderdiscussion.When在從句中作狀語WhatweneedWhenwewillbeginthemeeting主語從句在句首只能用whether三.其他疑問詞（who(ever),whose,which(ever),what(ever)when,where…）(我們何時開會）做成分（主、賓、表、定）依據(jù)“缺什么補什么”原則確定正確的連詞。所謂“缺什么補什么”是指句型結(jié)構(gòu)與連詞之間的關(guān)系。如果句子中缺主語，指人用who，指物用what；如缺賓語，指人用whom，指物用what；如缺時間狀語用when；地點狀語用where；原因狀語用why；方式狀語用how；定語用whose；什么都不缺用that。Whowillhostthemeetinghasn’tbeendecided.Whatyousaidjustnowisnottrue.Whoeverheisdoesn’tmatter.Whosecarrunsfasterisobvious.

主賓表定Completethesentencesusingwhat,whether,where,

when，who,why,how

or

that.1.(_____isneededforsuccess)isyourhardwork.3.(_____wewillgotomorrow)hasn’t

beendecidedyet.2.(______theywillarrive)hasbeentoldtotheteacher.4.(___canjoininthesportmeeting)is

decidedbytheteacher.5.(________itwillrainornot)isnotclear.7.(______theearthisasolidball)isknowntousall.WhatWhen/HowWhere/whetherWhoWhetherThat6.(____theearthisbecomingwarm)isagoodtopicforresearch.Why主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。Conclusion:翻譯練習(xí)1.(誰將去見他)________________isnotdecided.2.(哪個班級會贏得這場足球賽)_______________________________________isnotclearsofar.3.(他能否買到飛機票)________________________doesn’tmattermuch.4.(我們?nèi)绾稳ツ抢?_______________________isaquestion.5.(你剛才告訴我的)__________________________wasreallyasurprise.6.(他什么時候出國)_________________________isbeingdiscussed7.(他為什么哭)____________________isnotclear.Whowillmeethimwhichclasswill

winthefootballgame

WhetherhecangettheplaneticketHowwewillgothere

Whatyoutoldmejustnow

WhenhewillgoabroadWhyheiscrying主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。Conclusion:

2.主語從句中的“主謂一致”1.主語從句通常被看作一個整體,主句的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式.Thattheywillcome_______certain.2.What引導(dǎo)主語從句時,主句謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由表語的單復(fù)數(shù)決定.Whathewants______thesebooks.Whathewants______somewater.isareis

Whenwe’llhavethemeetingandwherewe’llhavedinner

notbeendecidedyet.（我們什么時候開會和去哪里吃飯還沒決定)

have2.

_______theycansolvethequestionisstillunknown.A.IfB.WhichC.WhetherD.What3._____hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybody.A.WhyB.WhatC.ThatD.Who4.____isafactthatEnglishisacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It1._____weneedmorepracticeisquiteobvious.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhenD./

1._____youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.2._____hesaidatthemeetingsurprisedeverybodypresent3.________the2000OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.4.________we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.5.________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.

ThatWhatWhetherWhetherWhoever選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞.Itwasnotclearwhether

thesolidshapewouldlastornot.

主語從句形式主語Whetherthesolidshapewouldlastornotwasnotclear.真正主語引導(dǎo)主語從句在句首只能用whether,但有it作形式主語的whether/if都可以.Conclusion:ifIf×注意：3.it作形式主語Thatweshallbelateiscertain.1.Thattheearthisroundisknowntoall.--2.Thatyoumissedthechanceisapity.--Itisapitythatyoumissedthechance.It’sknowntoallthattheearthisround.--It’scertainthatweshallbelate.Itis+adj/nthat……(strange/apity…)Itis+v–edthat…..(…said/reported….)為了避免主語冗長,句子“頭重腳輕”,經(jīng)常用it作形式主語,主語從句放在后面作真正的主語.It+vithat……(happen…)這樣就構(gòu)成了下面一些常用句型:

1)Itis+n.+從句

Itisapity/shamethat...遺憾的是……

Itisasurprisethat…令人驚奇的是…

Itisafactthat…事實是…

Itiscommonknowledgethat…眾所周知,…*_______________(很遺憾)welostthematch.

很遺憾我們輸了比賽。*______________(這是事實)hecheatedintheexam.ItisapitythatItisafactthat2)Itis+adj.+從句

It’scertainthat…肯定…

Itispossiblethat...很可能……

Itisunlikelythat...不可能……Itisobviousthat…很明顯…Itisnecessary\important\strange\natural+that…*_________________(很可能)shewillcomebacktomorrow.*_________________(很明顯)thismeasureiseffective.很明顯這個措施有效。*Itisstrangethatweshouldlosethegame.+(should)+do…ItispossiblethatItisobviousthat表示理應(yīng)如此，驚奇,不相信,惋惜等3)It+不及物動詞+從句

Ithappenedthat...碰巧……

Itoccurredtosb.that…某人突然想起…*________________Icameintotheofficeatthattime.碰巧我當(dāng)時走進(jìn)辦公室。*____________________Iforgettosenttheletter.我突然想起我忘記去送信了。IthappenedthatItoccurredtomethat4)It+be+過去分詞+從句Itissaidthat...據(jù)說……

Itisknowntoallthat...眾所周知……

Itisreportedthat...據(jù)報道……

Itisbelievedthat...據(jù)信……;人們相信……

Itissuggestedthat+(should）do...建議……Itmustbeadmittedthat…必須承認(rèn)……Itcannotbedeniedthat…不可否認(rèn)……

Itmustbepointedoutthat…需指出的是……

*___________________(據(jù)報道)20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.*______________________(建議)weshouldeatmorevegetableanddomoreexercise.ItisreportedthatItissuggestedthatWhatyouleftatschool

aretwooldbooks.Whatyousaidtohim

isofgreatimportance.3.主語從句的“that”一般不能省。4.“主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。What引導(dǎo)的主語從句，可根據(jù)表語決定主語從句需注意的問題2.主語從句中用陳述語序Whether

he’ll

come

here

isnot

clear.

Thattheearthisround

isawidelyacceptedfact.

5.有時為了使句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡,避免“頭重腳輕”,

常用

it作形式主語,而把從句放在后面.

4種句型注意：1.引導(dǎo)主語從句在句首只能用“whether”引導(dǎo)，有it作形式主語的whether/if都可以.。常用句型如下：It+be+名詞+that從句It+be+形容詞+that從句It+be+動詞的過去分詞+that從句It+be+不及物動詞+that從句【常見錯誤展示】下列各句均有一處錯誤，請改正并分析錯誤的原因。1.Lighttravelsfasterthansoundiscommonknowledge.2.Ifshe’scomingornotdoesn’tmattermuch.Thatthat雖無詞義但引導(dǎo)主語從句位于句首時不能省略。Whetherif,whether都可表示“是否”,但if不能引導(dǎo)位于主句之前的主語從句，它可以引導(dǎo)位于主句之后帶有形式主語it的主語從句。3.Thattheprofessorsaidisofgreatimportance.4.Wherewillthetreesbeplantedhasnotbeendecided.Whatthat引導(dǎo)主語從句時無詞義。Whattheprofessorsaid表示“教授所說的”。將will置于trees之后。主語從句要用陳述句語序。5.Nomatterwhobreakstherulewillbepunished.6.Whenandwherethemeetingwillbeheldstillremainaquestion.引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時二者可互換，但引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時只能用whoever。Whoever主語從句表示單一概念時，謂語要用單數(shù)形式。remains7.Itwasrequestedthateveryonemadeaspeechatthemeeting.在“Itisrequested/commanded/insisted/ordered/suggested/advised+that從句”中，從句要用虛擬語氣，即謂語用“should+動詞原形”，should可省略。(should)makePickupanumber

Correctornot?*Whenthemeetingwillbeheldhaven’tbeenknownyet.…………….beheldhasn’tbeenknownyet.×Payattention:主語從句的謂語用單數(shù)形式

10

thecatdomade

Whatthecatdidmadethebabycry.WhatcryMakeasentence301.Thequestionis________thefilmisworthseeing.2.________weshallattendthemeetinghasn'tbeendecidedyet.用whether\if填空whetherWhether10talkabouttheuseofcellphone

Whattheyaretalkingabout

istheuseofcellphone.Makeasentence30*

Whetherwewillhaveameetinghasn’tbeendecidedyet.Correctornot?Payattention:放在名詞性從句句首，表示“是否”，只能用whether,不能用if0TrueTranslatethesentence*Itisknowntous_______________________________________(馬克.吐溫怎樣成為一位偉大的作家).

howMarkTwainbecameagreatwriter20

report,getthehighestpoints,match

ItisreportedthatYaoMinggotthehighestpointsinthematch.Makeasentence30

×Correctornot?Payattention:注意虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的使用！在Itisnecessary\important\natural\...that…句型中，從句的謂語要用should+do

的形式Itisimportantthatweshouldfinish…..*Itisimportantthatwewillfinishtheworkontime.10

×Correctornot?Payattention:此主語從句缺少成分-賓語，故用作成分的what來引導(dǎo)，而不用that。Whatshewantstoknowis…….*Thatshewantstoknowiswhenthepartywillbeheld.10

×Correctornot?Payattention:由that引導(dǎo)的主語從句放在句首，that不能省略。Thathewillgiveup………*Hewillgiveuphisjobsurprisesallofus.10Translatethesentence*_______________________________（她是否出席會議）isnotcertain.Whethershewillattendthemeeting20Itmakestheteacherangrythatthechilddoesn’tknowtheanswer.teacherangryDon’tknowtheanswerMakeasentence30____wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.A.Anyone B.Theone C.Whoever D.Who2.____mattersmostinlearningEnglishisenoughpractice.AWhat B.Why C.Where D.Which高考鏈接3.____fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.A.What B.That C.This D.Which4.____we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where5.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,___ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.A.whereB.whatC.thatD.how解析:what引導(dǎo)主語從句,在從句中做do的賓語6.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat__Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.A.asB.whichC.whatD.that解析:Ithought是插入語,可以把它去掉不考慮。what引導(dǎo)賓語從句,在從句中作主語。賓語從句作at的賓語。7.___intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyouremailaccount.

A.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires解析:“Itisrequiredthat…”是一個固定句式,it作形式主語,that引導(dǎo)的從句為真正的主語。8.___the20