the-bluest-eye-最藍的眼睛(課堂)課件

TheBluestEyeToniMorrison1Background詹寧2ToniMorrisonBorn:February18,1931(1931-02-18)Lorain,Ohio,UnitedStatesOccupation:Novelist,WriterGenres:AfricanAmericanliteratureNotablework(s):Beloved,SongofSolomonNotableaward(s):NobelPrizeinLiterature1993PulitzerPrizeforFiction19883Hernovelsareknownfortheirepicthemes,vividdialogue,andrichlydetailedblackcharacters.4MorrisonbeganwritingfictionaspartofaninformalgroupofpoetsandwritersatHowardUniversitywhomettodiscusstheirwork.Shewenttoonemeetingwithashortstoryaboutablackgirlwholongedtohaveblueeyes.Thestorylaterevolvedintoherfirstnovel,TheBluestEye(1970).5Althoughhernovelstypicallyconcentrateonblackwomen,Morrisondoesnotidentifyherworksasfeminist.Shehasstatedthatshethinks“it‘soff-putting(令人不快)tosomereaders,whomayfeelthatI'minvolvedinwritingsomekindoffeministtract.Idon'tsubscribetopatriarchy,andIdon'tthinkitshouldbesubstitutedwithmatriarchy.Ithinkit'saquestionofequitableaccess,andopeningdoorstoallsortsofthings.6SocialBackgroundThestoryinthisnovelhappenedin1940s.Althoughslavesystemhadbeencancelled,BlackhadbeenunabletogetridofracialdiscriminationthatexistsineverycornerofAmericansociety.ThisdiscriminationisgrimlydominantinthemindoftheWhiteandtheBrown.7theBluestEyeCharacter:PecolaBreedloveGeraldineJuniorThecatLouis8Thestoryofeleven-year-oldPecolaBreedlove,thetragicheroineofToniMorrison’shauntingfirstnovel,grewoutofhermemoryofagirlhoodfriendwhowantedblueeyes.9theBluestEyePecolaliveswithheralcoholicfatherandembittered,overworkedmotherinashabbystorefrontthatreeksofthehopelessdestitutionthatoverwhelmstheirlives.EachnightPecolaprayedforblueeyes.Inherelevenyears,noonehadevernoticedPecola.Butwithblueeyes,shethought,everythingwouldbedifferent.Shewouldbesoprettythatherparentswouldstopfighting.Herfatherwouldstopdrinking.Herbrotherwouldstoprunningaway.Ifonlyshecouldbebeautiful.Ifonlypeoplewouldlookather.10Themes

TheimportanceoffamilyandcommunityTheinnocenceofchildrenSeeingversusBeingseenSexualInitiationandabusePowerlessnessofWomenandchildrenandchildmolestationThecyclicalnatureofracismWhitenessisthestandardofbeauty…

…11motifsDirtinessandCleanlinessWhitenessandColorednessUglinessandBeauty…

…12Pattern施婷娜13

StructureParagraph1-9–thedebutanddescriptionof“thebrowngirls”.Paragraph10-53–asmallincidentbetweentheheroinePecolaBreedlove-ablackgirlandaboyandhisbrownmother.14MobileMobileisthethirdmostpopulouscityintheSouthernUSstateof

AlabamaandisthecountyseatofMobileCounty.ItislocatedontheMobileRiverandthecentralGulfCoastoftheUnitedStates.15MobileFromtop:PincusBuilding,OldCityHallandSouthernMarket,FortCondé,BartonAcademy,CathedralBasilicaoftheImmaculateConception,andtheskylineofdowntownMobilefromtheMobileRiver.16AikenAikenisacityinandthecountyseatofAikenCounty,SouthCarolina,UnitedStates.WithAugusta,Georgia,itisoneofthetwolargestcitiesoftheCentralSavannahRiverArea.ItispartoftheAugusta-RichmondCountyMetropolitanStatisticalArea.AikenishometotheUniversityofSouthCarolinaatAiken.Thepopulationwas25,337atthe2000census.AikenwasrecognizedwiththeAll-AmericaCityAwardin1997bytheNationalCivicLeague17

AikenCountyCourthouse18NewportNewsNewportNewsisanindependentcityintheHamptonRoadsmetropolitanareaofVirginia.Itisatthesouth-westernendoftheVirginiaPeninsula,onthenorthshoreoftheJamesRiverextendingsoutheastfromSkiff'sCreekalongmanymilesofwaterfronttotheriver'smouthatNewportNewsPointontheharborofHamptonRoads.19CityCenteratOysterPoint20MariettaMariettaisacitylocatedincentralCobbCounty,Georgia,andisitscountyseat.Asofthe2000census,thecityhadatotalpopulationof58,748,makingitoneofmetroAtlanta'slargestsuburbs.Censusestimatesof2008indicateapopulationof67,021.Mariettaisthethird-largestofthreeprincipalcities(bypopulation)ofandisincludedintheAtlanta–SandySprings–Marietta,Georgia,metropolitanstatisticalarea,whichisincludedintheAtlanta-SandySprings-Gainesville,Georgia-Alabama(part)combinedstatisticalarea.21CobbCountycourthouseinMarietta22MeridianMeridianisthecountyseatofLauderdaleCounty,Mississippi.ItisthesixthlargestcityinthestateandtheprincipalcityoftheMeridian,MississippiMicropolitan.StatisticalArea.Alongmajorhighways,thecityis93mi(150km)eastofJackson,MS;154mi(248km)westofBirmingham,AL;202mi(325km)northeastofNewOrleans,LA;and231mi(372km)southeastofMemphis,TN.23Meridian's"GatewaytoDowntown,"the22ndAveBridge

24DowntownMeridianintheearly1900s25MeridianMuseumofArt26NagadochesNagadochesisacityinNacogdochesCounty,Texas,intheUnitedStates.The2010censusrecordedthecity'spopulationtobe32,996.ItisthecountyseatofNacogdochesCountyandissituatedinEastTexas.NacogdochesisasistercityofNatchitoches,Louisiana.27HistoricdowntownNagadoches28NagadochesCityHall29NagadochesHistoricTownCenterMuseum30BatonRougeBatonRougeisthecapitalofandsecond-largestcityinLouisiana,UnitedStates.ItislocatedinEastBatonRougeParish.BatonRougeisamajorindustrial,petrochemical,medical,andresearchcenteroftheAmericanSouth.ThePortofBatonRougeistheninthlargestintheUnitedStatesintermsoftonnageshipped,andisthefarthestupstreamMississippiRiverportcapableofhandlingPanamaxships.31BatonRougeCityHall32BatonRougeRiverCenter33Lorain,OhioLorainisacityinLorainCounty,Ohio,UnitedStates.ThemunicipalityislocatedinnortheasternOhioonLakeErie,atthemouthoftheBlackRiver,about30mileswestofCleveland.34Lorain,Ohio35Para.2BrowngirlsSomeblackpeoplehavelighterskinsthanotherblackpeoplebecauseoftheirmixedblood.Manyofthemaredescendentsofformerslaveswhowerehouseservants.Workinginthehouseratherthaninthefields,theywereclosertotheirwhiteslaveownerthanthefieldNegroes.Itwasacommonthingforawhitemastertohavebabieswithblackmaids.ThesehouseservantsusuallyfeltsuperiortofieldNegroes.

36hollyhock蜀葵Thehollyhocks['hɑ:l?hɑ:k]makeupabout60speciesoffloweringplantsinthegenusAlcea(ál-ce-a)inthemallowfamilyMalvaceae,nativetosouthwestandcentralAsia.Theyarebiennialorshort-livedperennialplantsgrowingto3.5mtall,withbroad,rounded,palmatelylobedleavesandnumerousflowers,pinkoryellowinthewildspecies,ontheerectcentralstem.37PorchswingsareanAmericanclassic.(搖椅）38roostercomb:cockcomb,雞冠花bleedingheart：acommongardenperennialplantwiththeuniqueflowerswhichresembletinypinkorwhiteheartswithdropsofbloodatthebottom荷包牡丹Ivy:常春藤mother-in-lawtongue[t??]:atropicalperennialplant.tongue=theflowercontainsakindofliquidwhichisfatallypoisonous.Thosewhotakeasmallportionofitwillsufferfromaparalysisinvocalcords.虎尾蘭snapbean:四季豆，云豆lbs:磅39Lifebuoysoap,CashmereBouquettalc,JergensLotion,DixiePeach:Thesearetoiletarticleswhichcostmoreandrepresentmoreprestige,andareusedbymiddle-classwhitepeople.40Buttercake:aplaincakemadeofflour,sugarandbutter.黃油蛋糕

vanilla[v??n?l?]:香草

secondsoprano[s?'prɑ:n??]：第二女高音

choir[kwa?r]：唱詩班，合唱隊

41Para.3

land-grantcollege:政府資助的低學費大學

homeeconomics:ascienceandartofhomemaking,includingnutrition,clothing,budgetingandchildcare.家政Para.5juniper[?d?un?p?]:杜松doorjamb:側門壁

grits[ɡr?t]:白色熏谷粒

42Para6Doily:裝飾性小墊,小桌布Doorknob:門把手Thelibertymagazine《自由雜志》:Libertywasaweekly,general-interestmagazine,originallypricedatfivecentsandsubtitled,"AWeeklyforEverybody."Itceasedpublicationin1950andwasrevivedin1971.43Souffles:蛋奶酥

舒芙蕾

para.1044Para.12WashingtonIrvingSchool:itnamedaftertheAmericanauthorWashingtonIrving(1783-1859)45BornApril3,1783(1783-04-03)NewYorkCityDiedNovember28,1859(1859-11-28)(aged76)Sunnyside,NewYorkOccupation:Shortstorywriter,essayist,biographer,magazineeditor,diplomatLiterary:RomanticismWashingtonIrving46SlideMonkeybarSeesaw47Para.13

KingoftheMountain:agameinwhicheachplayerattemptstoclimbtothetopofamoundofearthandtopreventallothersfrompushingorpullinghim/heroffthetop.山大王

curbstone:街邊石

jackknife:大型折合式刀

48Laurel['l?r?l]=(antiquity)asanemblemofvictorybloomer=underpantswornbywomen燈籠褲Lorainjournal《洛雷周刊》

49Para.48Plait:Safetypin50Para.48

saloon[s??lun]:abarwherealcoholicdrinksweresoldinthewesternUSinthepast.酒吧

shotgunhouse:along,narrowhousewithroomsarrangedonebehindtheother.排房51Para.49

pew[pju]:alongwoodenseatinthechurch教堂內的靠背長椅clown:toactsilly小丑dimestore:five-and-ten-centstorewheresupposedlyeverythingcostsonlyafewcents.廉價商店

girdle[?ɡ?:dl:]:apieceofwomen’sunderwearwhichfitstightlyaroundherstomach,bottomandhipsandmakesherlookthinner.緊身衣52word孫立超53

P1L4glanceoff:擦過touchsth.withalightblowandmovequicklyoffatanangle,e.g.a.Everyscoldingthatboygetsjustseemstoglanceoffhimandnottochangehisbehaviorsatall.每次責罵對這個男孩似乎都不起作用，一點也沒有改變他的品行。P2L2hymn:asongofpraisetoGod.贊歌P2L2sly:verycleverinthewaythatyouusetricksanddishonestytogetwhatyouwant.狡猾的，狡詐的。E.g.Slysmile/glance/wink詭秘的微笑/一瞥/眼色54P2L4soakup:吸收，迅速地汲取drawin,absorb,e.g.a.Withamemorythatseemedphonographic,MarkTwainsoakedupquicklyandeasilythecolorfullanguagethelocalpeopleused.

b.Thisdevicecansoakuptheheatofthesunandstoreitupforaconsiderableperiodoftime.這種裝置可以吸收太陽熱并把它貯存相當長的一段時間。c.Ifyouairyourquiltonsuchawetday,it'llsoakupthemoisture.如果在這么潮濕的天曬被子，被子就會把濕氣都吸去。Soakupthesun(shine).沐日光浴。P3L2refinement:優(yōu)雅

aqualityof

beingrefined,e.g.amanlackofrefinement55P3L3soothe(1)tomakesomeonefeelcalmerandlessanxious,upsetorangry.使平靜E.g.Rockingoftensoothesacryingbaby.(2)tomakeapainlesssevere.

使（痛苦等）減輕，緩和E.g.Iboughtsomemedicinetosoothemysorethroat.56P5L3Hangouttodry

在外晾干P5L6Billowonhangers

在衣架上迎風招展P5L9adollopof

…

一塊(食物)，一團(食物)E.g.Sheputadollopofice-creamineachbowl.她在每個碗里放了一團冰淇淋。

57P6L2inviolable:nottobeviolated,dishonored.不可侵犯的E.g.Thepeoplepossessinviolablerights.人民享有不可侵犯的權利。.58P6L2stand（keep）guardover

（守衛(wèi)）watchover,takecareof,e.g.Thedogstoodguardoverthegatetopreventanystrangersgettingintothebarn.P6L8sparingly:節(jié)約的，貧弱的frugally,meagrelyP7L1engage:從事attracttheinterestorattention,e.g.Thefaintfootprintsonthefloorengagedtheattentionofthepolice.59P7L8SurfeitN.toomuchofsth,esp.

offoodanddrink過量,過度（尤指飲食）E.g.過量的油膩食物對你身體不好。Asurfeitofrichfoodisbadforyou.

最近關于離婚的電視劇太多了。Therehasbeenasurfeitofplaysaboutdivorceonthetelevisionrecently.

V.~sb/oneself(with/onsth.)：providesb/oneselfwithtoomuchofsth.esp.foodsurfeitoneselfwithfruit吃水果過多60P8L2thesofthillofhair:similarexpressions:thedarkcaveofaroom;amountainofwaves/facts;agiantoftheplayer;afoolofamanP8L3seep(into,through):滲透penetrate61P11L2satiety:N.thestateofbeingsatiated.E.g.學無止境。Thereisnosatietyinstudy.P11L4bout:aperiodoftimetakenbysomeactivity.一段（工作），一次（訓練），一場（疾病）E.g.aboutofshopping62P11L4seethat:makesure,takecare,e.g.a.Everynightbeforegoingtobed,shewouldgoandseethatthebackdoorwaslocked.b.We’llseethatallchildreninthevillagecangotoschool.c.Seetoitthatyourexpenditureisinproportiontoyourincome.要注意使你的支出與收入相稱。P11L8abuse:虐待treatcruellyP12L3covet:覬覦e.g.covetforpopularity.Itisasintocovet.63P12telltaleadj.revealingwhatismeanttobekeptasecret.泄露秘密的。E.g.thetelltalescarsofinjectingheroin.注射過海洛因的明顯疤痕。N.asign.跡象Onewhoinformsonanother;atalebearer.告密者;搬弄是非的人;(英)打小報告者。64P12L5stickaround:逗留notgoaway,stayinaplaceforaaperiodoftimeP12L13telltale:搬弄是非，泄露機密的thatmakeafactknown,esp.anunpleasantone,e.g.a.Tomwasgivenawaybythetelltalecigaretteashonthecarpet.b.Icouldseefromthetelltalelookinhereyesthatshelovedhim.65P13pickon:toblamesomeoneforsomething,esp.unfairly.E.g.為什么老板總是找我的岔？Whydoesthebossalwayspickonme?66pickout1.取出,去掉Thechildrefusestoeatthisfruitwithoutfirstpickingoutthestones.不把果核取出來,那個小孩就不會吃這水果。2.挑選,選擇;選拔Theyhavepickedoutthebestitemsonthemenu.他們從菜單上選出最好的菜。3.分辨出Hepickedoutafriend'sfaceinthecrowd.他在人群中認出了一位朋友的臉。4.了解;領會Ipickedoutthemeaningofthepassage.我領會了這段文章的含義。67pickup1.拾起,撿起;抬起IwouldhavepickeditupifIhadnoticedit.我如果看見的話,我早就把它揀起來了。2.使搭乘Pleasewaitattheschoolgate.Johnwillpickyouupthere.請在校門口等候,約翰會到那里接你。3.染上Hemusthavepickedupacold—he'sbeguntosnuffle.他開始鼻塞,一定是感冒了。4.好轉;恢復Hehaspickedupslowlysincehecameoutofhospital.他自出院以來,身體恢復得很慢68P14L1Whenthemoodstruckhim:strike:tocausetohappensuddenlyP15L1alternately:輪流的e.g.Theplayisalternatelysombreandcomical.P15L4atrecess:休息時間ashortpausebetweentheclasses;apauseforrestduringtheworkingdayoryear.e.g.a.aten-minuterecessb.Thechildrenplayedhide-andseekatrecess.69P15alternate：adj.(oftwothings)happeningorfollowingoneaftertheother（指兩種事物）交替的,輪流的:E.g.apatternofalternatecirclesandsquares圓形與方形相間的圖案alternatetriumphanddespair交替而來的得意與失意.70P36L1clutch（1）seize(sb./sth.)eagerlyE.g.Heclutchedtheropewethrewtohim.（2）hold(sb./sth.)tightlyinthehand(s)E.g.瑪麗把洋娃娃抱在懷里.Marywasclutchingherdolltoherchest.

clutchatastraw/straws臨危極力抓住渺茫的機會逃脫、救人等.clutchatsth.試圖抓住某事物71P48L3hairmatted,纏結wheretheplaitshadcomeundone:hair

twistedinathickmasswheretheplaitshadbecomeloose.

P48unabashed:notembarrassed,notashamed

P49L3adimestore:astorewherecheaparticlesaresold廉價雜貨鋪Wordsandexpressionsinparas.13—53(4)72Sentence陳璐璐73

paragraph2,line1Meridian.Thesoundofit

opensthewindowsofaroomlikethefirstfournotesofahymn.默里迪恩,這聲音聽上去就像圣歌的頭四個音符那樣讓人豁然開朗。hymn：贊美詩；圣歌74paragraph3,line1they

go

to

land-grant

colleges,

normal

school,

and

learn

how

to

do

the

white

man’s

work

with

refinement:

home

economics

to

prepare

his

food;

teacher

education

to

instruct

black

children

in

obedience;

music

to

soothe

the

weary

master

and

entertain

his

blunted

soul.他們就度于政府拔地建造的大學以及師范學院.他們學習如何把服務白人的工作做得更細致:學家政是為了給他們燒飯做菜;學當老師是為了教育黑人孩子順從;學音樂是為了讓疲憊的主人身心放松,為他那已麻木的靈魂提供消遣.note:1.grant

colleges

and

universities

were

originally

founded

as

of

the

1860s

by

such

government

land

grants

on

condition

that

they

offer

instruction

in

agriculture

and

the

mechanical

arts.

They

are

now

supported

by

the

individual

States

and

they

cost

less

than

the

more

prestigious

private

colleges.

2.home

economics:

a

science

and

art

of

homemaking,

including

nutrition,

clothing,

budgeting,

and

child

care75paragraph3,thelastsentenceInshort,howtogetridofthefunkiness.Thedreadfulfunkinessofpassion,thefunkinessofnature,thefunkinessofthewiderangeofhumanemotions.this

is

an

incomplete

sentence.

the

complete

sentence

would

be:

in

short,

the

whole

purpose

of

their

education

is

to

get

rid

of

the

funkiness.

In

the

author’s

opinion,

getting

rid

of

the

funkiness

is

alienating

from

the

black

cultural

heritage.the

funkiness

of

passion,

nature

and

a

wide

range

of

human

emotions

is

dreadful.

funkiness：自然原始的，樸實的，本性的，感官的，無拘束的76paragraph4,line3Thelaughthatisalittletooloud;theenunciationlittletooround;thegesturealittletoogenerous.Theyholdtheirbehindinforfearofaswaytoofree.笑聲過于響亮，發(fā)音時嘴巴張的過圓，舉止過于大方都需要糾正。她們緊縮臀部生怕扭動太大。paraphrase：Theymakesurethattheydon’tlaughtooloudly,don’tspeakwiththeirmouthsopenedtooround,anddon’tmaketoogenerousgestures.for

fear

of

a

sway

too

free:

if

a

woman

walks

with

a

free

sway,

moving

her

buttocks

from

side

to

side

too

much,

she

will

be

considered

to

be

sexy.

And

this

is

what

the

brown

girls

try

to

avoid.

So

they

hold

their

buttocks

in

when

walking.behind:

(informal)

bottom,

buttocks

toomuchofsth:過量，過度77paragraph11,line3Getaldine

did

not

talk

to

him,

coo

to

him,

or

indulge

him

in

kissing

bouts,

but

she

saw

that

every

other

desire

was

fulfilled.她從不對和孩子談笑逗樂,不柔聲哄他、也不親吻溺愛。可是孩子其他方面的要求她都務必予以滿足。this

sentence

shows

that

Geraldine

failed

to

give

her

baby

tender,

motherly

love.

Like

a

typical

brown

girl,

Geraldine

did

not

allow

any

natural

feelings

to

express

themselves.

So

she

even

didn’t

allow

her

baby

to

cry.

seethat:要注意使…，務必使…bout:

a

period

of

time

taken

by

some

activity

E.g.:

a

bout

of

shopping

78paragraph12,line9.

…

his

hair

was

cut

as

close

to

his

scalp

as

possible

to

avoid

any

suggestion

of

wool,

the

part

was

etched

into

his

hair

by

the

barber.

他的頭發(fā)減的很短，僅僅貼著頭皮，這樣就顯不出像羊毛般卷曲的樣子，

發(fā)縫是理發(fā)師特意修出來的(1)

in

paragraph

2,

we

see

how

the

brown

girls

straighten

their

hair

with

Dixie

Peach,

and

part

it

on

the

side.

Geraldine

must

have

done

this

to

her

hair

Now

she

was

trying

to

make

her

son’s

hair

appear

less

like

that

of

a

black

boy

by

having

his

hair

cut

short

so

that

it

was

not

long

enough

to

curl

up

like

wool

79paragraph12,lastsentenceThe

line

between

colored

and

nigger

was

not

always

clear;

subtle

and

telltale

signs

threatened

to

erode

it,

and

the

watch

had

to

be

constant.有色人與黑人的界線并不總是分明，

一些微妙的，能泄露秘密的跡象可能造成這一界線模糊不清，所以要時時當心才是。telltale:泄露秘密erode

：逐漸毀壞，侵蝕，腐蝕80paragraph14,line1When

the

mood

struck

him,

he

would

call

a

child

passing

by

to

come

play

on

the

swings

or

the

seesaw.

When

the

mood

struck

him:

當他來情緒時（或：當他心血來潮時）paragraph33,line3He

held

the

door

open

for

her,

smiling

his

encouragement.

Smile

his

encouragement:

他用微笑來鼓勵她81paragraph35,lastsentenceThe

cat

clawed

her

face

and

chest

in

an

effort

to

right

itself,

then

leaped

nimbly

to

the

floor.

那貓抓她的臉和胸，拼命想站穩(wěn)，然后敏捷地跳到地面上。in

an

effort:努力（做）rightitself:torestoreitselfinanuprightorproperposition

paragraph41,line2he

saw

the

cat

stretching

its

head

and

flattening

its

eyes.

Flatten

its

eyes:瞇起眼睛82paragraph43,line1the

cat’s

free

paws

were

stiffened,

ready

to

grab

anything

to

restore

balance,

its

mouth

wide,

its

eyes

blue

streaks

of

horror.

那只貓沒被抓住的爪子變的僵硬，時刻準備抓住任何可以使他恢復平衡的物體，它的嘴巴大張著，眼睛閃著一道道恐怖的藍光。83paragraph43,line3They

both

fell,

and

in

falling,

Junior

let

go

the

cat,

which,

having

been

released

in

mid-motion,

was

thrown

full

force

against

the

window.

他們倆都摔倒了，小路易到下去時撒開了抓貓的手，那貓在轉了一半時突然被放開了，結果，它結結實實地摔到了窗戶上paragraph48,line2Unblinkingandunabashed,theystaredupather.Theendoftheworldlayintheireyes,andthebeginning,andallthewasteinbetween.她們既不眨眼，也不害臊，她們就這樣盯著她。在她們的眼睛里可以看到世界的末日，世界的起源，以及末日與起源之間的荒蕪。84RhetoricalDevices章雅瑞85

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