Unit-2-Text-A-Humanities教學講解課件

TextAThehumanities:Outofdate?ObjectivesTohaveknowledgeofthedefinition,subjectsandvalueofhumanitiesTounderstandandusethewords,phrases,structures,rhetoricinthetextTobeacquaintedwiththewritingskillsofanexpositoryessayAssignmentContentsWarm-upPre-readingWhile-readingAfter-readingAssignmentContentsWarm-upPre-readingWhile-readingAfter-readingWhatarehumanities?BrainstormingThinkaloudthemajorsintheuniversity.2.Whichmajorsareconsideredashumanities?3.Whatarethecharacteristicsofthehumanities?PhilosophyLiteraturePoliticalScienceSociologyEducationSciencePsychologyHistoryWhatarehumanities?PhysicsAstronomychemistry

AgricultureLawscienceLinguisticsBiologyPhilosophyLiteraturePoliticalScienceHistoryLinguisticsWhatarehumanities?Humanities

are

academicdisciplines

thatstudyhumanculture.Theyareoftencontrastedwithnatural,physicalandsometimessocialsciences.

(FromWikipedia)Whatarehumanities?Thehumanitiescritical,or

speculativemethodsCoursessuchashistory,politics,anthropology,

and

linguisticsThenaturalscienceobservationalorempirical

methodsCoursessuchasphysics,

astronomy,

chemistry

Activity:chartreadinganddiscussionGroupwork:Readthechart.Writeashortparagraphbydescribingthefollowingpointsofit.SourceContentStatisticsChangeinnumberImplicationActivity:report2.Shareyourreport.CriticalthinkingWhyisitimportantforcollegestudentstostudythehumanities?Whatadvantagescanstudentsgetfromtakingthecoursesinthehumanities?Whatarethemainfactorsthataffectstudents’decisiononchoosingtheirmajors?Whyaretheremoresciencemajorsthanliberalartsmajorsincollegetoday?Let’slistentotheauthor’sanswerstothesequestions.AssignmentContentsWarm-upPre-readingWhile-readingAfter-readingPre-readingGeneralideaMainstructurePre-reading:generalideaGeneralideaReadthefirstsentenceofeachparagraphandmakeasummaryofitsgeneralideabyyourself.Youcanusethesuggestedthestructuresasfollows.Thispassagemainlydiscusses/presents/emphasizes/advocates…Thispassagemainlydiscussestheadvantagesofstudyingthehumanities.Pre-reading:generalideaGeneralideaThefollowingstatementsarethemainideasofeachparagraphinthetext.Pleaserearrangetheorderofthestatementsaccordingtothepassage.A.Studyingthehumanitiescanenableustounderstandcomplexideas.B.Theinnerpowerofhumanbeingsformsthebasisofstudyofthehumanities.C.Thehumanitiescanprovideuswithawiderangeofopportunities.D.Innerinsight,combinedwithtechnicalknowledge,isidealforstartingthecareer.E.Thetrendofmovingawayfromthehumanitiesto“hardskills”isliabletocontinue.Pre-reading:generalideaF.Thehumanitiesislikelytohelpustobecomemoreanalytical,self-awareandcreative.G.Withthehelpofthehumanities,wecancreatepeoplewhoareinsightfulandwellunderstandthepassions,hopesanddreams.H.Aslabormarketscontinuetoshrink,thehumanitieswillcontinuetobeinbadshape.I.Theinnerdrive,leadingpeopletogreatnessorself-destruction,iscalledas“instinct”,J.Studentstendtotakenaturalscienceastheirmajorinordertofindajob.Pre-reading:generalideaKeys:P1:P2:P3:P4:P5:Keys:P6:P7:P8:P9:P10:JEHIBAFCDGPre-reading:generalideaPre-readingMainstructureReadthewholepassageanddividethetextintoseveralparts.Fillintheblankstopresentthemainstructureofthetext.Payattentiontohowtheauthorsupportshisopinion.MainstructureIntroductionHumanitiesarenow____________,butthey______________.__________ofstudyingthehumanities.Humanitieswill____________.IntroductionConclusionBodyParas.1-____Paras._______Paras.______MainstructureHumanitiesarenow_____________,butthey_______________________________.__________ofstudyingthehumanities.Humanitieswill____________.IntroductionConclusionBodyParas.1-____Paras._______Paras.______notbeoutdatedinbadshapeAdvantages56-910bringtruevaluetohumanbeingsAssignmentContentsWarm-upPre-readingWhile-readingAfter-readingWhile-reading:IntroductionIntroductionHumanitiesarenowinbadshape,buttheybringtruevaluetohumanbeings.Advantagesofstudyingthehumanities.HumanitieswillneverbeoutofdateIntroductionIntroductionBodyWhile-reading:IntroductionHumanitiesarenowinbadshape,buttheybringtruevaluetohumanbeings.IntroductionTheintroductionpartiscomposedoftwosections.Paragraphs1-3describe_________.Paragraphs4-5presents_________.Humanitiesarenowinbadshape,buttheybringtruevaluetohumanbeings.IntroductionWhile-reading:IntroductionParagraphs1-3describe______________________________________.Paragraphs4-5presents_____________________________________________________.acurrentsituation/phenomenon/tendencytheauthor’sviewpoint/argumentationagainstthetendency+=anintroductionforanexpositionaviewpoint/argumentationasituation/tendencyAtypicaltypeofintroduction,butnottheonlyone.IntroductionQuestionsforgroupdiscussion:Whydomanystudentscalculatetheycan’tmajorinEnglishorhistory(Para.1)?Whydoestheauthorsaythatacollegeeducationismoreandmoreseenasameansforeconomicbettermentratherthanameansforhumanbetterment(Para.2)?IntroductionQuestionsforgroupdiscussion:Howdoyouunderstand“Thesedays,labsaremorevividandcompellingthanlibraries”(Para.3)?Whydoestheauthorsaythattheinneraspectofourbeinghascapturedourimaginationfromtheverybeginning?(Para.5)Languagefocus:P1Whenthegoinggetstough,thetoughtakeaccounting.thesituationdifficultchooseMeaning:

Whenconditionsorsituationsbecomedifficult,determinedpeoplechoosetostudythesubjectofaccounting.Whenthegoinggetstough,thetoughtakeaccounting.Whenthegoinggetstough,thetoughgetgoing.Languagefocus:P1parodyParodyisaworkcreatedtoimitate,makefunof,orcommentonan

originalwork,itssubject,author,style,orsomeothertarget,bymeansof

ironicimitation.(FromWikipedia)

Languagefocus:P1ParodyTobe,ornottobe,that’saquestion.e.g.Tolie,ornottolie,that’saquestion.Tomarry,ornottomarry,that’saquestion.Languagefocus:P1WriteyoursentencebyimitatingthestructureTo__,ornotto___,Languagefocus:P1Whenthejobmarketworsens,manystudentcalculatetheycan’tmajorinEnglishorhistory.Question:Whichmeaningdoesthewordtakeinthissentence?1.Makeajudgmentaboutwhatislikelytohappenusingtheavailableinformation.預測；推測2.findouthowmuchsth.

willcost,howlongsth.willtake,etc,byusingnumbers計算；核算1.Makeajudgmentaboutwhatislikelytohappenusingtheavailableinformation.預測；推測Translation:ThePresidenthadtocalculatethepoliticalconsequencesaccuratelywhenthenationalstrikebrokeout.當全國性的罷工爆發(fā)時，總統(tǒng)必須準確地預測它的政治后果。Meaning:

whentherearefewerjobopenings,manycollegestudentsmakeajudgmentfromthesituationandthinktheycan’tstudyEnglishorhistoryastheirmajor.Languagefocus:P2Theyhavetostudysomethingthatboosttheirprospectsoflandingajob.increaseorimproveCanyousuggestssomesynonymsof“boost’?increase,addto,develop,expand,raise;encourage,further,promote前綴、字根可以幫助我們更好地記住單詞的拼寫。Pro-+-spectforward/forthsee/lookat前景

expectation,anticipation,future,hopeprobability,likelihood,chance,possibility理解單詞的不同意義之間的聯(lián)系和演變是學好多義詞的關鍵！Meaning:

Whenconditionsorsituationsbecomedifficult,determinedpeoplechoosetostudythesubjectofaccounting.Languagefocus:P2…theyhavedefectedfromthestudyofthehumanitiesandtowardappliedscienceand“hard”skillsthattheybetwillleadtoemployment.Defectde-=awayfrom，“離開”、“出”,常與from等搭配e.g.deport驅逐出境deduce推斷derail脫軌

Ifyoudefect,youleaveyourcountry,politicalparty,orothergroup,andjoinanopposingcountry,party,orgroup.e.g.Hedefectedfromthepartyinthelate1970s.Languagefocus:P2…theyhavedefectedfromthestudyofthehumanitiesandtowardappliedscienceand“hard”skillsthattheybetwillleadtoemployment.Whatistheoriginalmeaningoftheword“hard”?Whatdoesitmeaninthiscontext?

practicalSolid,firm,strong,toughCanyousuggestothermeaningsoftheword“hard”asanadjective?e.g.Theyareexpectingahardwinterandsnow.e.g.Thepolicemanwantmorehardevidence.e.g.Heishardoneveryone;nooneloveshim.Languagefocus:P2…theyhavedefectedfromthestudyofthehumanitiesandtowardappliedscienceand“hard”skillsthattheybetwillleadtoemployment.1.Vt.befairlysurethatsth.istrue,thatsth.Willhappen,etc.,althoughyoucan’tproveit.2.vi.GambleWhichmeaningisappropriateforthiscontext?1.Vt.befairlysurethatsth.istrue,thatsth.Willhappen,etc.,althoughyoucan’tproveit.造句：Ibetthat_________________,but_______.(Pleaseusethestructuretodescribeyourlifeexperience.)Meaning:

…theyhaveturnedawayfromthehumanitiestosomepracticalcoursesthattheybelievewillenablethemtogetajobmoreeasily.Languagefocus:P2Inotherwords,acollegeeducationismoreandmoreseenasameansforeconomicbettermentratherthanforhumanbetterment.Whatdoesthissentenceimply?(notonlytheliberalmeaning,butthemeaningbeyondthewords)Implication:

thequalityofcollegeeducationisincreasinglyquestionablebecausethetrendamongmanycollegeistobecomemorelikeabusinessandlesslikeanacademicsetting/context.Languagefocus:P3…aslabormarketstruggle,thehumanitieswillprobablycontinuetheirlongslideinsuccession.slide=slope,fall,decrease,drop,declineLanguagefocus:P3…aslabormarketstruggle,thehumanitieswillprobablycontinuetheirlongslideinsuccession.(a)Succession(of)[sing.]=aseriesofpeople/thingsofthesametypeInsuccession=happeningoneaftertheother;continuously≠successMeaning:

…asthelabormarketworsens,thesubjectsofthehumanitieswillcontinuetoshrinkandworsenforalongtimeeachyear.Languagefocus:P3≠successFillintheblankwithasuccessionof,orinsuccessionandcompletethesentences.Adamstook______________jobswhichhavestoodhimingoodstead.

Scoringthreegoals____quick__________,hemadeit10-8.

FraserClynehaswontheScottishRoadRunningChampionshipforthethirdyear_____________.asuccessionofinsuccessioninsuccessionLanguagefocus:P3Oncethedominantpillarsofuniversitylife,thehumanitiesnowplaylittleroleswhenstudentstaketheircollegetours.Whatistheimageofapillar?Howitsimageandmeaningsareconnected?atallsolidstructure,whichisusuallyusedtosupportpartofabuildinganimportantandactivepart原意隱喻翻譯：在他父親死后，他成為了他家的頂梁柱。汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)是該省的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)。(thepillarofeconomy)

Automotiveindustryisthepillarofeconomyinthisprovince.Afterthedeathofhisfather,hebecamethepillarofthefamily.CollegetoursTheyareaseriesofcampusvisitstoanumberofcollegesanduniversitiesbyaprospectivestudent.Languagefocus:P3Thesedays,labsaremorevividandcompellingthanlibraries.vivid

=veryclearanddetailede.g.PeopleofmygenerationwholivedthroughWorldWarIIhavevividmemoriesofconfusionit.e.g.OnWednesdaynightIhadaveryvividdreamwhichreallyupsetme.

viv=live活vit=life生命Canyouguesstheimpliedmeaningof“Vivian”asafemalename?

Vivian=lively,active,vigorousLanguagefocus:P3Thesedays,pelling

=interesting,exciting,fascinatingIfyoudescribesth,orsb'sappearance,ascompelling,youmeanyouwanttokeeplookingatitbecauseyoufinditsointeresting.Hereyesareherbestfeature,verycompelling.Whatcanbedescribedascompellinginourlife?Makeupsentencestodescribethefollowingpicturesbyusing“compelling”.StevenJob’slifemakesacompellingstory.TheShawshankRedemptionisoneofthemostcompellingfilmsIhaveseeninmylife.Languagefocus:P3Thesedays,labsaremorevividandcompellingthanlibraries.

Whatdoesthesentenceimply?Implications:

Librarieswereoncetheonlyplacewherestudentsspentmuchtimereadingmaterials,doingresearchandwritingpapers.However,asmorestudentsaretakingsciencecourses,labsplayamoreimportantroleforlearningthanlibraries.Languagefocus:P4Sinceancienttimes,peoplehavespeculatedaboutthemysteryofthoseinnerforcesthatdrivesomepeopletogreatnessandotherstoself-destruction.speculatevt.vi.

Ifyouspeculateaboutsth,youmakeguessesaboutit.e.g.Thepublicarenowspeculatingonthereasonsforthesuicideofthemoviestar..e.g.Thereadercaneasilyspeculatewhatwillhappennextbytrackingthegivenclues.Canyourecognizewhathasbeenomittedintheunderlinedsentence?…drivesomepeopletogreatnessand(drive)otherstoself-destructionMeaning:

eversincetheancienttimes,peoplehavethoughtcarefullyandseriouslywhythemysteriousforcescomingfromtheirinnerworldcouldbesopowerfulthatitcouldmakesomepeoplegreatwhileothersmorallydeteriorate.Languagefocus:P5Historians,architects,authors,philosophersandartistshavecapturedthewords,imagesandmeaningsofthisinnerstruggleintheformofstory,music,painting,architecture,sculpture,landscapeandtraditions.Canyoufigureoutthemeaningof“capture”accordingtoitscollocation?Capturethe….meaningsof….Intheformof以……的形式/方式Translation：嬰兒用哭來表達他們身體上和心理上的需求。Babiesexpresstheirphysicalandpsychologicalneedsintheformofcry.Languagefocus:P5Thesemenandwomendevelopedartistic“l(fā)anguages”thathelpusunderstandtheseaspirationsandalsoeducategenerations.Whyistheword“l(fā)anguage”usedinquotationmarks?Whatdoesthissentenceimply?fertileLanguagefocus:P5Thisfertilebodyofworkfromancienttimes,theveryfoundationofcivilization,formsthebasisofstudyofthehumanities.afertilemind/imaginationafertileanimal/personfertileland/soilReplacetheword“fertile”withitssynonyms:rich,productive,prolificprolificproductiverichTellmeaningandthepartofspeechoftheword“very”.Languagefocus:P5Thisfertilebodyofworkfromancienttimes,theveryfoundationofcivilization,formsthebasisofstudyofthehumanities.Tellusageandthepartofspeech(詞性)oftheword“very”.ADJ.Toemphasizetheimportanceorseriousnessofwhatyouaresaying.e.g.TheverybasisofIndianpoliticshasbeentransformed.Meaning:

thelargeamountofworkfilledwithrichideasandimaginationfromancienttimes—thefundamentalcomponentsofcivilization—providesthebasisofthestudyofthehumanities.While-reading:BodyHumanitiesarenowinbadshape,buttheycanbringtruevaluetohumanbeings.Advantagesofstudyingthehumanities.HumanitieswillneverbeoutofdateIntroductionConclusionBodyWhile-reading:BodyAdvantagesofstudyingthehumanities.Thebodypartiscomposedofsomeadvantagesoftakingcoursesinthehumanities.Makeasummaryofeachadvantage.BodyImprovingourabilitytoreadandunderstandcomplexideasandwriteaclearandelegantanalysisofthoseideas.Investinguswithgreatinsightandself-awareness,releasingourcreativeenergyandtalent.Providinguswithawidescopeofpossibilitiesandwellpreparingusforfuturecareer.Apairingoftechnicalknowledgeandinnerinsightistheideafortheestablishmentofacareer.Body:Advantages1234Body(P6-9)Questionsforgroupdiscussion:WhydoestheauthornamesomanycelebritiesinParagraph8?HowdoyouunderstandthestatementthatweareliabletomissmanyopportunitiesifwestudythehumanitiesaloneinParagraph9?Languagefocus:P6Wewillhaveabrightcareerifwearethepersonintheofficewhocanwriteaclearandelegantanalysisofthoseideas!ElegantIfyoudescribesborsthaselegant,theyare__________________inappearanceorstyle.

Ifyoudescribeapieceofwriting,anidea,oraplanaselegant,theyare____________________.

用下列詞語填空(Simple,clear,pleasing,clever,graceful)pleasing,gracefulsimple,clearandcleverTranslation:Thedocumentimpressedmewithitselegantsimplicity.這份文件的精辟簡明給我留下了深刻的印象。Meaning:

ifwearethepersonintheofficewhocanwriteandanalyzethosecomplexideasinalogical,clear,intelligentyetsimplemanners,wewillhaveapromisingcareer.Languagefocus:P7Mostimportantly,studyingthehumanitiesinvestsuswithgreatinsightandself-awareness,therebyreleasingourcreativeenergyandtalentinapositiveandconstructivemanner.investsb./sth.with...=givesb./sth.aparticularqualityinvesttime/money/energyin...=spendtime/money/energyin……investuswithgreatinsightandself-awareness=…giveustheability/qualityofinsightandself-awarenessLanguagefocus:P7Mostimportantly,studyingthehumanitiesinvestsuswithgreatinsightandself-awareness,therebyreleasingourcreativeenergyandtalentinapositiveandconstructivemanner.insight=in+sight

in+look

=theabilitytolookinto/understand

thecomplexsituationorprobleminsight(into)翻譯：e.g.Theprojectwouldgivescientistsnewinsightsintowhatishappeningtotheearth'satmosphere.e.g.Thisisabookfullofprofound,originalandchallenginginsights.

Languagefocus:P7Mostimportantly,studyingthehumanitiesinvestsuswithgreatinsightandself-awareness,therebyreleasingourcreativeenergyandtalentinapositiveandconstructivemanner.ConstructiveAconstructivediscussion/meeting/negotiation,suggestion/plan,comment/criticism,orapproach(…)

isusefulandhelpful.

=positive≠negative哪些名詞可以和constructive一起構成常用的搭配呢？Meaning:

themostimportantadvantageforustostudythehumanitiesisthatitenablesustobecomeanalyticalandself-aware;therefore,ourcreativenessandtalentarebroughtoutinapositiveandconstructive.Languagefocus:P8Ifwestudyonlymathematics,it’slikelywewillbeacandidateonlyforjobsasamathematician.Meaning:

ifwestudyonlymathematics,verypossiblywewillbeapersonwhoonlycompetesforjobsamathematician.Whydoestheauthorreallyimplyinthissentence?Candidate…(for)Acandidateissbwhoisbeingconsideredforaposition,forexamplesbisrunninginanelectionorapplyingforajob..

翻譯：希拉里作為民主黨的總統(tǒng)候選人從女性選民處得到了很多支持。

e.g.Hillary

gotmuchsupportfromfemalevoters

asa

democraticpresidential

candidate.

Languagefocus:P8Ifwestudyonlymathematics,it’slikelywewillbeacandidateonlyforjobsasamathematician.Implication:

ifwestudyonlymathematics,verypossiblywewillbeapersonwhoonlycompetesforjobsamathematician.Whatdoestheauthorreallyimplyinthissentence?Languagefocus:P9Ofcourse,nowadays,ifwestudythehumanitiesalone,weareliabletomissmanyopportunities.Meaning:

tosatisfytheneedsofmodernlife,allofusneedtotryourbesttobecometechnicallyandprofessionallyskillful.Whensomethingisliabletohappen,itisverylikelytohappen.=belikelyto

Languagefocus:P9Infact,increasinglyapairingoftechnicalknowledgeandinnerinsightisseenastheidealintheestablishmentofacareer.Canyouhaveaguessofthemeaningoftheword“pairing”?Pairpairingpairing

Twopeople,especiallysportsplayers,actors,ormusicians,whoareworkingtogetherasapaircanbereferredtoasapairing.Describethepicturebyusing“pairing”.Theaudiencewasamazedbythepairingofthesetwofinemusicians.Meaning:

infact,acombinationoftechnicalknowledgeandinnerinsightisincreasinglylookeduponastheidealmodeforstartingacareer.While-readingHumanitiesarenowinbadshape,buttheycanbringtruevaluetohumanbeings.Advantagesofstudyingthehumanities.Humanitieswillneverbeoutofdate.IntroductionConclusionBodyConclusion(P10)Questionsforgroupdiscussion:Whatare“well-roundedhumanbeings”(Para.10)accordingtotheauthor?Whydoestheauthorsay“WhoknowshowfamousYOUmightbecome!”attheendofthetext?Whatdoesheimply?Whyistheword“YOU”iscapitalized?Languagefocus:P10Thehumanities,theancienttimelessreservoirofknowledge,teachustoseethingsdifferentlyandbroadenourhorizons..reservoirAreservoirofsthisalargequantityofitthatisavailableforusewhenneeded.Meaning:

thehumanities,theancienttimelessresourceofknowledge,teachustoseethingsfromdifferentperspectivesandtoexpandourhorizons.Languagefocus:P10Doesn’titmakesensetospendsometimeinthecompanyofthehumanities,ouroutstandingandremarkabletreasureofknowledge?company=havinganotherpersonorotherpeoplewithyouInthecompanyof=insb.’scompany;withsb.Companion=someoneyouarewithHavingsomeoneasacompanion=inthecompanyofsomeoneLanguagefocus:P10Doesn’titmakesensetospendsometimeinthecompanyofthehumanities,ouroutstandingandremarkabletreasureofknowledge?Isitaregularquestion?Whatdoestheauthorreallywanttosaybyaskingsucha

rhetoricalquestion?Meaning:

isn’titreasonabletospendsometimewiththehumanities,ourextremelygoodandmarvel