2022-2023學(xué)年江蘇省南京重點(diǎn)大學(xué)附中高一（下）期中英語試卷-普通用卷

第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages11頁(yè)2022-2023學(xué)年江蘇省南京重點(diǎn)大學(xué)附中高一（下）期中英語試卷一、選詞填空-句子（本大題共2小題，共1.0分）1.Asthelistofspeciesindangerof______（滅絕）becomeslonger,werealizewecan'taffordtodamagethe"lungsoftheplanet".2.Itsuddenlyo______tomethatIcouldhavethebooksenttome.二、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）AChesterisoneofthebestcitiesintheUK.AssoonasyouarriveinChesteryouwillappreciatethecity'suniqueatmosphereandsenseofhistory.FoundedbytheRomansover2，000yearsago,muchoftheRomaninfluenceremainsandChester'scitywallsarethemostcompleteinBritain.Combinedwithhistoryandheritage（遺產(chǎn)），Chesterisadynamiccityfullofbars,pubs,clubs,hotelsandrestaurantsforyoutodiscover,temptingyoutovisitagainandagain.

TravellingtoChester

Chesteriseasilyaccessiblebymanymeansoftransport—whetheryouaretravellingbyrail,car,busorplane.PleasecheckourrouteplannerbelowtohelpyouplanyourjourneytoChester.Onceyouarriveinthecitytherearenumerouscarparks；however,duringrushhourstheeasiestwaytotravelinChestercitycentreisviaparkandridefacilities,whichareparkinglotswithpublictransportation.

Hotels

Frombed&breakfaststotheluxuryofChester'sonlyfivestarhotel,Chesterhasallcovered.Whetheryourtripisforbusinessorpleasureyourroomisjustaclickaway!

SightseeingandTours

OneofthebestwaystoseeChesterisbyaguidedtourandyouhaveavarietytochoosefrom.Whetheryouchoosethetraditionalguidedwalk,tobeguidedaroundChester'shistoricallandmarksbybusortotakeaboatdowntheRiverDee,youwillsureenjoythedelightsofChester.3.WhatcanweknowaboutChesterfromthefirstparagraph？______A.Itisanewlybuiltcity.

B.ItisthebestcityintheUK.

C.Itisrichinthedeepcultureandmoderntouch.

D.ManyofitscitywallswerecompletedbyBritishpeople.4.WhatisthemostconvenientwaytogetaroundChestercitycentreduringrushhours？______A.Bybus. B.Bybicycle. C.Byrail. D.Bytaxi.5.WhathadyoubetterdotohaveabetterunderstandingofChester？______A.Chooseabustour. B.Joinaguidedtour.

C.Takeatraditionalwalk. D.Swimdowntheriver.BAgassiwasveryemotionalattheendofhisfinalgame.OnSeptember3，theAmericantennisplayersaidatearfulgoodbyetohis21-yearcareerafterathird-rounddefeatintheUSOpen.The36-year-oldtriedhisbest，butwasunabletokeepupwithGermanBenjaminBecker，morethantenyearshisjunior.

"ThescoreboardsaidIlosttoday，butwhatthescoreboarddoesn'tsayiswhatI'vefound，"Agassisaidtothefans."Ihavefoundinspirationandyouwilledmetosucceed."Itwasanemotionalspeechattheendofalongcareer.Agassihatedtennisasateenagerasmuchashelovesitnow.Hisfathermadehimplaywhenhewasachild.Hegotbored，andbecamearebel（叛逆者）.Thestricttrainingthathisfatherpusheduponhimgotinthewayofhiswildlifestyle.Hegrewhairlong，worecolorfulclothesandspat（吐口水）atanumpire（裁判）.Overtheyears，hehasmadebadjokesduringnewsconferences.

Askedwhathewouldsaytohis17-year-oldself，Agassianswered，"Iwouldsay，IunderstandyoualotmorethanIwanttobeyou."

TheturningpointinAgassi'scareercamein1992whenheunexpectedlywonhisfirstGrandSlam（大滿貫賽事）atWimbledon.ItwasthefirsttimeAgassiunderstoodwhatrealchampionsfinallyunderstand：winningisatestofnervesandnotjustpower；it'samarathon，notasprint（短跑）".

AndamarathonAgassiwasabouttobegin.Hecuthislonghair，gotfitterandtightenedupemotionally.

Onthecourt，hewasrankedNo.1foralmosttwoyears.Hislowestpointcamein1997whenhisrankingdroppedtoNo.141.Hedidn'tquitthough."IknewthatIwouldtrytogetthemostoutofmyselfeverydayfromthatdayforward.Thatwasmypromise，"hesaid."Thatneverstopped."6.WhywasAgassiveryemotionalwhensayinggoodbyetohiscareer______A.Becausehelosttoaplayertenyearsolderthanhim.

B.Becausehefeltverysadthathewasnolongerthebestplayer.

C.Becausethiscareerhasbroughthimsomuch.

D.Becausehefeltsorryforhiswildlifestyle.7.Fromhisspeech，wecanseethat______.A.hewasthankfultohisfans

B.herefusedtoacceptfailure

C.hewishedhehadn'thatedtenniswhenyoung

D.hedecidedtotakemarathonashisnewcareer8.Throughwinning，Agassilearnedthat______.A.hedidn'ttryhisbestinhiscareer

B.itmusttakealongtimeforanyonetowin

C.peopleneedtonevergiveuptowin

D.winningonceortwiceisnotenough9.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatAgassi'sfather______.A.wasanexcellenttennisplayer

B.wasgoodatraisingAgassi

C.playedakeyroleinAgassichoosinghiscareer

D.spentmostofhistimetraininghissonCTUVALU，atinycountryinthePacificOcean，hasaskedforhelpasitfearsitwillbeswallowedupbythesea.StormsandhugewavesareaconstantthreatandnoneofTuvalu'sninelittleislandsismorethanfivemetersabovesealevel.Saltwaterisalreadyenteringthecountry'sdrinkingwatersupply，aswellasdamagingplantsthatproducefruitandvegetables.Withouturgenthelp，thecountry'sdaysarenumbered.

ButTuvaluisnotthefirstplacetofacesinkingintothesea.Venice，ahistoriccityinItalybestknownforitscanals，hassunkabout24cmoverthepast100years.Expertssaythatitwillhavesunkanother20～50cmby2050.Acenturyago，St.Mark'sSquare，thelowestpointinthecity，floodedaboutninetimesayear.Nowadays，ithappensmorethan100times.WhileVeniceisslowlysinkingintothemudonwhichitstands，Tuvalu'srisingsealeveliscausedbyglobalwarming.

Theaverageglobaltemperaturehasincreasedbyalmost0.5centigradedegreeoverthepastcentury，scientistsexpectittorisebyanextra1～3degreesoverthenext100years.

Warmerweathermakesglaciers（冰川）melt，addingmorewatertotheocean.Thewarmertemperaturesalsomakewaterexpand，soittakesupmorespace，causingthesealeveltorise.Thesealevelhasrisenabout10～25cminthelast100years.

Themaincauseofglobalwarmingishumanpollution.Throughburningcoal，oilandgas，peoplehavebeenincreasingthegreenhousegasesintheatmosphere，suchasCO2.Thisaddstothepowerofthegreenhouseeffect，makingtheplanetevenwarmer.

Manyscientistsbelievethat，ifthewarmingisnotstopped，therewillbehugeclimatechanges.Thesealevelcouldrisebyonemeterthiscentury.

Shouldthiscometrue，theseawillswallowupmillionsofhomesandtheworldwillbefloodedwith"climaterefugees"lookingforsomewheretolive.10.Wecaninferfromthefirstparagraphthat______.A.Tuvaluisindangerofmovingslowlydownwardsintothesea

B.allTuvalu'sislandsareaboutfivemetersabovethesealevel

C.drinkingwaterinTuvaluwillbedestroyed

D.Tuvaluisoftenfloodedbystormsandwaves11.Putthefollowingeventsintherightorder______.

a.Glaciersbegintomelt.

b.Peopleburncoal，oilandgas.

c.Thegreenhouseeffectisgrowing.

d.Theearthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.

e.Thesealevelisrising.

f.MoreCO2isproduced.

g.Manyplacesaresinkingintothesea.A.d，f，b，c，a，e，g B.b，f，c，d，e，a，g

C.f，c，b，d，a，e，g D.b，f，c，d，a，e，g12.Whatdoes"climaterefugees"mean？______A.Peoplewhoareforcedawayfromtheirhomelandbyclimate.

B.Climatechanges.

C.Rareanimals.

D.Climateeffect.13.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage？______A.Tuvalu'sninelittleislandsarelessthanfivemetersabovethesealevel.

B.Theaverageglobaltemperaturehasrisenby1-3centigradedegreesoverthepast100years.

C.thewarmertemperaturecausesthesealeveltorise.

D.Therewillbehugeclimatechangesunlessthewarmingisstopped.DThefirsttimeIheardaboutmyclassmatesengagingwithsocialmediawasinthefourthgrade.AlotofmyfriendsandclassmateshadexcitedlyjumpedontoplatformslikeInstagramatsuchayoungage.Ontheotherhand，Ihesitated.Ionlyknewthebasics，butwasforeigntosomewordsonsocialmedia.

Allthroughoutmiddleschool，Istuckwiththesamethinking.Andnow，asafreshmanincollege，IamlookingbackandwonderingwhyI，unlikemyclassmates，haveneverbeennaturallyinterestedinsocialmedia.

ScanningInstagram，yououghttofinddozensofpicturesofpeopleinbeautifulcountries，takingpartinexcitingactivities，andspendingtimewithfriendsandfamily，amongmanyotherthings.Thethoughtofdoingthishasneverrelatedtome.Irespectandunderstandthosewhodobelieveusingsocialmediaallowsthemtoexpressthemselvesandshareaspectsoftheirliveswithothers.However，Ihaveneverhadanyinterestindoingthesame.Inmyeyes，whennotsharedwithothers，familygatheringsandfriendget-togethersarejustasmeaningful，ifnotmoreso.

Mostpeoplehaveexperiencedfeelinginsecure（不安全）andunconfidentonsocialmedia.Imagesthatarechangedrepresentunrealisticbeautystandardsthatcanonlybeobtainedthroughdangerousways.Evenwithoutusingsocialmedia，IknewthatusingappslikeInstagramandFacebookwouldmakemeembarrassedaboutalltheaspectsthatmakemeauniqueindividual.I'veneverwantedtolookatapostonsocialmediaandimmediatelycomparemyselfandmylife.

Iconstantlyobservemyclassmatesgettingeasilydistracted（使分心）bysocialmedia.Whiletryingtocompletetheirhomework，theyhaveapowerfulurgetoopenupInstagramorFacebooktoseeifthereareanynewmessages.Withhomeworkandafter-classactivitiesconsumingthemajorityofmyday，Icannotwaittofinisheverytaskonmyto-dolist，soIcanfinallyspendtimewithmyfamilyorhavesometimeformyselftorelaxfrommybusyday.14.Whatcanweknowfromthefirsttwoparagraphs？______A.Socialmediaarepopularinschools.

B.Youngpupilssufferfromsocialmedia.

C.Theauthorhasnoaccesstosocialmedia.

D.Socialmediacontributetostudents'study.15.Fromparagraph3，wecanknowthat______A.Studentsgeteasilydistractedbysocialmedia.

B.Picturesofpeopletakingpartinexcitingactivitiesarenotreal.

C.Familygatheringsarenotmeaningfulifnotsharedwithothers.

D.Theauthorneversharesaspectsofhisliveswithothersonsocialmedia.16.Whydopeopleusingsocialmediamightfeelinsecure？______A.Theyposttheirimagesonsocialmedia.

B.Theyfollowotherpeople'sbeautystandardstotally.

C.Socialmediachangethewaytheylookatthemselves.

D.Socialmediaencouragethemtobeauniqueindividual.17.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph？______A.Ato-dolistcanstoppeopleusingsocialmedia.

B.Socialmediacanwastepeople'svaluabletime.

C.Spendingtimewithfamilyalwaysenjoysfirstpriority.

D.Studentspaymoreattentiontosocialmediathantostudy.三、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）WaysYourCellPhoneAffectsYourBodyandMindFirst，somegoodnews.Yourphonecankeepyousafer.Astudyfoundthat137morelivesweresavedper100，000patientswhenpeoplecalled911fromamobilephoneratherthanfromafixedone.（1）______Scanningyourphonerightbeforebedcancausesleepdisorder.Toavoidthat，makeahabitofnotusingyourphoneforatleast30minutesbeforeyoucloseyoureyes.

（2）______Peoplenowspendmorethanfivehoursadaytypingandtapping，andfeeleyesachy.About60percentofAmericansexperiencediscomfort，suchasdryness，eyetiredness，andevenheadaches.Trytakingabreakfromscreensevery20minutes.

Whenyouareawake，asinglesoundonyourphonecansignalthecomingnews.However，thiscanweakenyourabilitytofocusonatask.（3）______Itcanevenencouragecreativeideaswhenyouarealone.Whenyou'rebored，fourdifferentareasofyourbrainbecomeactiveandworktogethertopullinthoughtsandcombinetheminuniqueways.

Memorysufferstoo.（4）______Insteadofrelyingontheinstructionsfromyourphone'sGPS，olderadultschoosetheoldway，whichincreasesactivityinapartofthebrainimportantformemory.Takingpictureswithyourphonemayalsoharmyourmemory.

Itwouldbeeasytoavoidalltheseproblemsbysimplyputtingdownyourphone.Theproblem：Itisn'tsoeasy.（5）______Andresearcheshaveprovedthisreal.Ofcourse，therearemanyphoneappstohelpyoucontrolyourphoneaddiction.Oryoucanjustletthebatteryrundownandforgetaboutit!

A.Butthereareplentyofworriestoo.

B.Yourphonecandodamagetoyoureyes.

C.Silenceyourphoneorsimplyputitawaycanhelp.

D.Walkingwithyourfaceinyourphonecanbedangerous.

E.Peoplemayfeelpainfulwhenseparatedfromtheirphones.

F.Yourhandmayfeelpainfulwhenyouholdyourphonetoolong.

G.Usingamapandtryingtorememberitmaybebetterforyourbrain.18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G21.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G22.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G四、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）Asingletrembleshookbeneathmyfeet.Thetreesabovemebegantosway（搖擺）hard.Thencamethedeadly（1）______thatcouldonlymeanonething，destruction.Everyhouseandobjectwasnow（2）______.Myvisionblurred（模糊）evenmorewhenIsawtheremainsofmyhouse.Thehousethatusedto（3）______allthehappinessintheworldwasnow（4）______apileofruinedpieces.I（5）______allthetimesIplayedwithmylittlebrotherandsister.Imagesofthemwere（6）______inmymind，soIletthedarknesssweepovermecompletelysoIcouldseethemvividlyonelasttime.Iregainedabitofmy（7）______afterlyingonthegroundforsometime.Myeyesvieweddifferentthings，butIwalkedonmindlessly，withno（8）______toanythingaroundmeatall.

Yearshavepassedsincethedisasterthat（9）______meyearsago.IneverthoughtIwouldbeokayagainafterthis（10）______event.

TodayIamgoingonatriptoCaliforniatohelp（11）______ofarecentearthquake.Then，Iseeher.Ayounggirlisweepingintoherarm.Iwalktowardher.Losingfamilywas（12）______，butbecauseofmylifechangingexperience，Iamstrong，andIcan（13）______thelivesofthosewhoaresufferingasIwas.WhenIreachthegirl，shestaresatmewithsadeyes，andIgentlystickoutmyhandforhertoholdto.Oneday，shemay（14）______othersthewayIdidforher.Sheholdsmyhandtightly，andtogether，welookforabrighterfuturewherewecanhelpthosearoundusand（15）______theworldstartingwithonedisasteratatime.23.

A.silence B.power C.emergency D.extinction24.

A.underpressure B.inruins C.onhand D.inshock25.

A.promote B.supply C.contain D.measure26.

A.extremely B.obviously C.actually D.simply27.

A.adaptedto B.thoughtof

C.concentratedon D.workedout28.

A.carved B.buried C.designed D.observed29.

A.balance B.memory C.strength D.impression30.

A.request B.comparison C.path D.reaction31.

A.struck B.identified C.threatened D.reminded32.

A.amazing B.frightening C.exciting D.challenging33.

A.professionals B.volunteers C.survivors D.experts34.

A.painful B.unusual C.awkward D.unique35.

A.appreciate B.possess C.exchange D.improve36.

A.affect B.recognize C.recommend D.contact37.

A.establish B.change C.remove D.revise五、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共10.0分）38.ShenzhouXIIItaikonauts'six-monthstayattheTiangongspacestationiswrappingup.Nowtheyfaceonelasttestoftheirscientificandspacetravelskills-returninghomesafely.Whatneedstobedonebeforeleaving（1）______spacestationinmid-April？

Besidestheirpersonal（2）______（belong），astronautsalsoneedto"pack"experimentaldataandsamples，sotheycanbefurtherresearchedonEarth.Andtheyhavetotidyupalargenumberofmaterials，（3）______（include）goodsontheTianzhou3cargo（貨物）spacecraft.

Sincethespacestationhasnoroomservice，thethreeastronautsneedto"cleanthehouse"（4）______（they）.Thewasteisthenputintotheorbitalmodule，whichburnsasitre-entersEarth'satmosphere.

Theyalsohavetoputallequipment（5）______placecorrectlysincetherewillbeagapofmorethanonemonth（6）______theastronautsofShenzhouXIVenterthespacestation.Thecrewmembersneedtomakesuresomeitems，suchasgymequipment，（7）______（fix）tothewallstoavoidfloatingandslipping.

Astronautsexperiencemicrogravity（微重力）forlongperiodsoftimeduringtheirstaysonthespacestation，（8）______hasaneffectontheirbodies.Thisincludesalossoffluid，muscleatrophyaswellasboneloss.（9）______（ensure）theirsafeandsoundreturn，thethreetaikonautshavebeendoingphysicalexercisestotraintheirmuscleforthereturntoEarth.（10）______（base）ontheirin-orbitphysicalexaminationsanddata，expertshavecustomized（定制）exerciseplansforeachofthem.

Justlikeahousethatwillbeemptyforalongtimemusthaveitswaterandpowerswitchedoff，taikonautsneedtocheckeverythingbeforetheyleave.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)六、單詞拼寫-單句（本大題共8小題，共4.0分）39.Wearedoingourbestwiththe______（有限的）resourcesavailable.40.—Beijinghasalotforpeopletosee，doesn'tit？

—Yes.It'sapopulartouristd______（目的地）.（根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫）41.Efficientlearningskillsare______（有益的）.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）42.—Thedoctorsaidhehadaverysmallchanceof______.（生存，存活）

—I'msorrytohearthat.（根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）43.Thenheavyindustryfactoriesmovedin，andthingsbecamee______（完全地）different.（根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫）44.Nowadaysthem______ofpeoplepayforthingsontheirsmartphones.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）45.A______tocomputergames，hefoundithardtoconcentrateonhisstudy.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）46.BestofallIbegantoa______thebeautyinlifewithmyowneyes，insteadofthroughmysmartphonecamera.（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫）七、書面表達(dá)（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）47.假定你是某學(xué)校的學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華，上周就閱讀這一主題向全校同學(xué)做了問卷調(diào)查，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，同學(xué)們每天課外閱讀時(shí)間普遍不足。請(qǐng)你用英文寫一封題為"Readinglightsupourfuture"的倡議書，倡導(dǎo)大家多多閱讀。

注意：（1）倡議書內(nèi)容包括：

1）問卷調(diào)查結(jié)果；

2）總結(jié)閱讀量不夠的原因并提出針對(duì)性建議；

3）發(fā)出倡議。

（2）詞數(shù)100字左右（標(biāo)題已給出，但不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)）；

（3）可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

Readinglightsupourfuture

__________48.JennyandJameswereten-year-oldtwins.Itwastheirmother'sbirthdayonthecomingSaturdayandthetwinswantedtogiveherasurprise.Whatcouldtheydo？Baking（烘烤）acakeseemedquiteimpossible.

Jennywassittingonthestairs,wonderinghowshecouldmakehermother'sdayspecialwhenJamescamerunninginandsaidtoJenny,"HeyJen!Mummyisinvitingherfriends.Ithinksheintendstogiveaparty!"

"ItmeanswehavetodosomethinggreatsoMumcanfeelreallyhappywhenwesurpriseherinfrontofallherguests,"repliedJenny."Wemustbakeacakeforher!"

Thetwinsweremakingseriousplansforthebirthdayparty.Theyorganizedtheseatingplan,preparedthemenu,boughttheingredients（原料）forthecakeanddecoratedthedininghall.

Onthebigday,theywokeupveryearlyinthemorning,wishedtheirmotherahappybirthdayandaskedhertowatchTVorreadsomemagazines.

"Wewilltakecareofeverything,"saidJames.

"Yes,"saidJenny."Don'tworryabouttheparty.Wehaveeverythingundercontrol."

Thenthetwinsheadedforthekitchen.Theywerebakingachocolatecake.Bothofthemworkedfast.

Soon,peoplestartedarrivingandgavegiftstothetwins'mother.Theguestsandthehostschattedforawhileandtheneveryonewenttothedininghallforthecake-cuttingceremony.Thecakewasverybeautifulandlookeddelicious.JamesandJennyplaceditonthetableandhandedMothertheknife.Sheblewoutthecandles,cutthecakeandeveryonesangthebirthdaysong.

注意：

1．續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2．請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡相應(yīng)位置作答。

Nowitwastimetoeatthecake.______________

Motherhuggedthetwinsandsaid,"Noproblemdear；itwasyourfirstattemptatbaking."___________

答案和解析1.【答案】extinction【解析】答案：extinction.介詞后接名詞作賓語；extinction是不可數(shù)名詞。故填：extinction.

隨著瀕臨滅絕物種的名單越來越長(zhǎng)，我們意識(shí)到我們承擔(dān)不起破壞"地球之肺"的后果。

考查翻譯填空，準(zhǔn)確地理解句子、翻譯句子，然后根據(jù)句意及提示確定所填單詞詞性，正確寫出單詞完成句子，使句意更通順。

2.【答案】ccurred【解析】答案：occurred.設(shè)空處作謂語，根據(jù)句意及首字母判斷應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞occur,意為"（想法或主意）被想到，被想起"，其過去式為occurred,Itsuddenlyoccurredtomethat"我突然想到"，故填occurred.

我突然想到可以把書寄給我。

做首字母填空題，首先要弄清楚句子的含義，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)確定所填單詞的詞義及詞性，根據(jù)語境及語法規(guī)則填寫拼寫正確的單詞。

3~5.【答案】C、A、B【解析】（1）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Combinedwithhistoryandheritage????（遺產(chǎn)），Chesterisalivelycityfullofbars,pubs,clubs,hotels,andrestaurantsforyoutodiscover,attractingyoutovisitagainandagain.??????????????????結(jié)合歷史和遺產(chǎn)，切斯特是一個(gè)充滿活力的城市，有酒吧、酒館、俱樂部、酒店和餐廳供您探索，吸引您一次又一次的參觀。可知，切斯特既有厚重的歷史也有很多現(xiàn)代元素，是旅行的理想目的地，故選C。

（2）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段however,duringrushhourstheeasiestwaytotravelisbybus.然而，在高峰時(shí)間最簡(jiǎn)單的旅行方式是乘公共汽車?？芍?，在交通高峰期，去切斯特市中心的最佳方法是乘坐公交車，A.Bybus?乘公共汽車；B.By

bicycle騎自行；C.Byrail?乘火車；D.Bytaxi?乘出租車。故選A。

（3）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段ThebestwaytoseeChesterisbyaguidedtour.游覽切斯特最好的方式是跟導(dǎo)游團(tuán)?？芍?，參觀切斯特最好的是方法是參加導(dǎo)游團(tuán)，故選B。

本文是一篇廣告布告閱讀，主要介紹了英國(guó)著名城市切斯特的特色，如歷史、賓館、交通以及觀光旅行等具體信息，希望吸引更多的游客前往參觀。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。

6~9.【答案】C、A、C、C【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Itwasanemotionalspeechattheendofalongcareer.Agassihatedtennisasateenagerasmuchashelovesitnow.（這是他漫長(zhǎng)職業(yè)生涯結(jié)束時(shí)的一次感人的演講。阿加西十幾歲時(shí)像現(xiàn)在非常喜歡網(wǎng)球一樣非常討厭網(wǎng)球。），第四段中的ItwasthefirsttimeAgassiunderstoodwhatrealchampionsfinallyunderstand："winningisatestofnervesandnotjustpower；it'samarathon，notasprint（短跑）.（這是阿加西第一次理解真正的冠軍最終理解的東西："獲勝是對(duì)神經(jīng)的測(cè)試，而不僅僅是力量；這是馬拉松，不是短跑），以及第五段中的AndamarathonAgassiwasabouttobegin.Hecuthislonghair，gotfitterandtightenedupemotionally.（一場(chǎng)馬拉松式的阿加西賽即將開始。他剪了長(zhǎng)發(fā)，變得更健康，情緒繃緊。）可知，退役時(shí)阿加西情緒激動(dòng)是因?yàn)榫W(wǎng)球帶給他很多東西。故選C。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的'ThescoreboardsaidIlosttoday，butwhatthescoreboarddoesn'tsayiswhatI'vefound，'Agassisaidtothefans.'Ihavefoundinspirationandyouwilledmetosucceed.'（阿加西對(duì)球迷說："記分牌上說我今天輸了，但記分牌上沒有說我找到了什么。""我找到了靈感，你們想要讓我成功。"）可知，阿加西感謝自己的球迷。故選A。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的ItwasthefirsttimeAgassiunderstoodwhatrealchampionsfinallyunderstand：'winningisatestofnervesandnotjustpower；it'samarathon，notasprint（短跑）'.（這是阿加西第一次明白真正的冠軍最終明白的道理："勝利是對(duì)勇氣的考驗(yàn)，而不僅僅是力量的考驗(yàn)；這是一場(chǎng)馬拉松，不是短跑。"）可知，通過勝利，阿加西學(xué)到不放棄，才能獲得勝利。故選C。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的Agassihatedtennisasateenagerasmuchashelovesitnow.Hisfathermadehimplaywhenhewasachild.Hegotbored，andbecamearebel（叛逆者）.Thestricttrainingthathisfatherpusheduponhimgotinthewayofhiswildlifestyle.（阿加西十幾歲時(shí)像現(xiàn)在非常喜歡網(wǎng)球一樣非常討厭網(wǎng)球。當(dāng)他還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，他的父親讓他打網(wǎng)球。他厭倦了，變成了一個(gè)叛逆者。他父親強(qiáng)加給他的嚴(yán)格訓(xùn)練妨礙了他狂野的生活方式。）可知，阿加西父親在阿加西選擇自己的職業(yè)方面起了很大的作用。故選C。

本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員阿加西退役時(shí)的演講，并講述了阿加西的網(wǎng)球生涯。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

10~13.【答案】A、A、A、B【解析】1．A．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第二段的句子：Saltwaterisalreadyenteringthecountry'sdrinkingwatersupply，aswellasdamagingplantsthatproducefruitandvegetable．Withouturgenthelp，thecountry'sdaysarenumbered．鹽水已經(jīng)進(jìn)入該國(guó)的飲用水供應(yīng)系統(tǒng)，并破壞了生產(chǎn)水果和蔬菜的植物．沒有緊急幫助，該國(guó)的日子屈指可數(shù)．圖瓦盧這個(gè)國(guó)家面臨著被海水吞沒的危險(xiǎn)．所以答案選A

2．A．細(xì)節(jié)理解．根據(jù)文章最四段Warmerweathermakesglaciers（冰川）melt，addingmorewatertotheocean．Thewarmertemperaturesalsomakewaterexpand，soittakesupmorespace，causingthesealeveltorise．Thesealevelhasrisenabout10～25cminthelast100years．Themaincauseofglobalwarmingishumanpollution．Throughburningcoal，oilandgas，peoplehavebeenincreasingthegreenhousegasesintheatmosphere，suchasCO2．Thisaddstothepowerofthegreenhouseeffect，makingtheplanetevenwarmer．Manyscientistsbelievethat，ifthewarmingisnotstopped，therewillbehugeclimatechanges．Thesealevelcouldrisebyonemeterthiscentury．Shouldthiscometrue，theseawillswallowupmillionsofhomesandtheworldwillbefloodedwith"climaterefugees"lookingforsomewheretolive溫暖的天氣使冰川融化，給海洋增加了更多的水．溫暖的溫度也使水膨脹，因此占據(jù)了更多的空間，導(dǎo)致海平面上升．在過去的100年中，海平面上升了約10～25厘米．全球變暖的主要原因是人類的污染，人們通過燃燒煤炭、石油和天然氣，不斷增加大氣中的二氧化碳等溫室氣體，這就加大了溫室效應(yīng)的威力，使地球更加溫暖．許多科學(xué)家相信，如果不停止變暖，將會(huì)有巨大的氣候變化．本世紀(jì)海平面可能上升一米．如果這一切成真，海洋將吞沒數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的家園，世界將被"氣候難民"淹沒，他們正在尋找居住的地方，可知正確順序?yàn)锳．故選A．

3．A．猜測(cè)詞義題．根據(jù)文章最后一段句子可知如果這一切成真，大海將吞沒數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的家園，全世界將充斥著"氣候難民"，他們正在尋找生存之地．這就是climaterefugees所以答案選A

4．B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段句子：Theaverageglobaltemperaturehasincreasedbyalmost0.5centigradedegreesoverthepastcentury，andscientistsexpectittorisebyextra1.3degreesoverthenext100years．在過去的一個(gè)世紀(jì)里，全球平均氣溫上升了近0.5攝氏度，科學(xué)家們預(yù)計(jì)在未來100年內(nèi)，全球平均氣溫將再上升1.3攝氏度．．所以B選項(xiàng)在過去的100年里，全球平均氣溫上升了13攝氏度．是錯(cuò)誤的．故選B．

本文主要寫了全球氣候變暖使海平面上升給世界造成的危害．

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋．考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)．

14~17.【答案】A、D、C、B【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段前兩句ThefirsttimeIheardaboutmyclassmatesengagingwithsocialmediawasinthefourthgrade.AlotofmyfriendsandclassmateshadexcitedlyjumpedontoplatformslikeInstagramatsuchayoungage...Ionlyknewthebasics，butwasforeigntosomewordsonsocialmedia.（我第一次聽說同學(xué)們使用社交媒體是在四年級(jí)的時(shí)候。我的很多朋友和同學(xué)在很小的時(shí)候就興奮地登上了Instagram這樣的平臺(tái)我只了解基本知識(shí)，但對(duì)社交媒體上的一些詞并不熟悉。）可知，在四年級(jí)的時(shí)候，作者的朋友和同學(xué)就紛紛參與到社交媒體平臺(tái)，由此可推知，社交媒體很受學(xué)生歡迎。A項(xiàng)表述正確；作者知道一些關(guān)于社交媒體的基本知識(shí)，所以C項(xiàng)"作者沒有接觸社交媒體"這一說法錯(cuò)誤，排除C項(xiàng)。文章一二段中未提到社交媒體對(duì)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的影響，排除選項(xiàng)B和D。故選A。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中Irespectandunderstandthosewhodobelieveusingsocialmediaallowsthemtoexpressthemselvesandshareaspectsoftheirliveswithothers.However，Ihaveneverhadanyinterestindoingthesame.Inmyeyes，whennotsharedwithothers，familygatheringsandfriendget-togethersarejustasmeaningful，ifnotmoreso.（我尊重并理解那些相信使用社交媒體能讓他們表達(dá)自己并與他人分享生活的人，然而，我從來沒有興趣這樣做。在我看來，當(dāng)不與他人分享時(shí)，家庭聚會(huì)和朋友聚會(huì)也同樣有意義，甚至更有意義。）可知，作者從來沒有在社交媒體上分享自己與朋友和家人共度時(shí)光的照片。故選D。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Mostpeoplehaveexperiencedfeelinginsecure（不安全）andunconfidentonsocialmedia.Imagesthatarechangedrepresentunrealisticbeautystandardsthatcanonlybeobtainedthroughdangerousways.Evenwithoutusingsocialmedia，IknewthatusingappslikeInstagramandFacebookwouldmakemeembarrassedaboutalltheaspectsthatmakemeauniqueindividual.I'veneverwantedtolookatapostonsocialmediaandimmediatelycomparemyselfandmylife.（大多數(shù)人在社交媒體上都有過不安全感和缺乏自信的經(jīng)歷。被改變的照片代表著不切實(shí)際的美麗標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，只有通過危險(xiǎn)的方式才能獲得。即使不使用社交媒體，我也知道使用Instagram和Facebook等應(yīng)用程序會(huì)讓我在所有方面都感到尷尬，而這些方面卻會(huì)讓我成為一個(gè)獨(dú)一無二的人。我從來都不想在看到社交媒體上的帖子后，立即將自己和自己的生活與其進(jìn)行比較）可推知，使用社交媒體的人之所以會(huì)感到不安全是因?yàn)樯缃幻襟w使人們之間產(chǎn)生對(duì)比，改變了人們看待自己的方式。故選C。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段前兩句Iconstantlyobservemyclassmatesgettingeasilydistractedbysocialmedia.Whiletryingtocompletetheirhomework，theyhaveapowerfulurgetoopenupInstagramorFacebooktoseeifthereareanynewmessages.（我經(jīng)常觀察到我的同學(xué)很容易被社交媒體分散注意力。在努力完成作業(yè)的同時(shí)，他們有強(qiáng)烈的沖動(dòng)打開Instagram或Facebook，看看是否有新消息。）可知，社交媒體會(huì)分散學(xué)生的注意力，使他們浪費(fèi)寶貴的時(shí)間去關(guān)注社交動(dòng)態(tài)。故選B。

本文是一篇說明文，文章描述了作者本人對(duì)社交媒體并不感興趣，并介紹了社交媒體對(duì)人們的影響。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

18~22.【答案】A、B、C、G、E【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。上文Astudyfoundthat137morelivesweresavedper100，000patientswhenpeoplecalled911fromamobil