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2022年9月高級口譯NTGF文本

Ok,sowevebeenlookingattheattitudesofvarioussocialandculturalgroupstowardsthemanagementoftheirpersonalfinances;howimportanttheyfeelitistosavemoneyandwhattheysavetheirmoneyfor.

Oneaspectthatwehaventyetconsideredisgender.Soifwhenweconsideredgenderissues,wearebasicallyaskingwhethermenandwomenhavedifferentattitudestowardssavingmoneyandwhethertheysavemoneyfordifferentthings.

Backin1928,theBritishwriterGeorgeBernardShawwroteinhisIntelligentWomensGuidetoSocialismandCapitalismthatamanissupposedtounderstandpolitics,economicsandfinance,andisthereforeunwillingtoacceptessentialinstruction.Healsosaidawoman,havingfewerpretensions,isfarmorewillingtolearn.Now,thoughthesedayspeoplemightquestionalotoftheassumptionscontainedinthosestatements,recentresearchdoessuggestthattherearesomequitefundamentaldifferencesbetweenmenandwomenintheirattitudestoeconomicmatters.

Letslookatwhatmenandwomenactuallysavefor.ResearchstudiesofwomeninNorthAmericahavefoundthatwomenarefarmorelikelytosavefortheirchildrenseducation.Andtheyarealsomorelikelytosaveuptobuyahouseoneday.Thesamestudieshavefoundthatmen,ontheotherhand,tendtosaveforacar,whichbytheway,takesasurprisinglylargeamountofthehouseholdbudgetinNorthAmerica.Buttheothermainpriorityformenwhensavingmoneyistheirretirement.Whentheyareearning,theyarefarmorelikelytoputtheirmoneyasidefortheiroldagethanwomenare.Nowthisisratherdisturbingbecauseinfacttheneedforwomentosavefortheiroldageisfargreaterthanformen.Letsconsiderthisforamoment.Tostartwith,itisafactthat,throughouttheworld,womenarelikelytolivemanyyearslongerthanmen.Sotheyneedmoneytosupportthemduringthistime.Sincewomenarelikelytobetheonesleftwithoutapartnerinoldage,theymaythereforehavetopayfornursingcarebecausetheydonthaveaspousetolookafterthem.Furthermore,thehighdivorceratesinNorthAmericaarecreatingapovertycycleforwomen.Itisthedivorcedwomanwhowillmostoftenhavetolookafterthechildren,andthustheyneedmoremoneytolookafternotjustthemselvesbutothers.

Sowhatcanbedoneaboutthesituation?ThepopulationinNorthAmericaislikelytocontainanincreasingnumberofelderlywomen.Theresearchindicatesthatatpresentforwomenittakesacrisistomakethemthinkabouttheirfuturefinancialsituation.Butofcoursethisistheveryworsttimeforanyonetomakeimportantdecisions.Womentodayneedtolookahead,thinkahead,notwaituntiltheyreunderpressure.Evenwomenintheirearlytwentiesneedtothinkaboutpensions,forexample.Andwithincreasingnumbersofwomeninprofessionalpositions,thereresignsthatthisisbeginningtohappen.Thenresearchalsosuggeststhatwomenavoiddealingeffectivelywiththeireconomicsituationbecauseofalackofconfidence.Thebestwayforthemtoovercomethisisbygettingthemselvesproperlyinformed,sotheyrelessdependentonotherpeoplesadvice.Anumberofinitiativeshavebeensetuptohelpthemdothis.Thiscollege,forexample,isoneoftheeducationalinstitutionswhichoffersnightclassesinMoneyManagement,andincreasingnumbersofwomenareenrollingonsuchcourses.Heretheycanbegivenadviceondifferentwaysofsaving.Manywomenareunwillingtoinvestinstocksandshares,forinstance,butthesecanbeextremelyprofitable.Itisusuallyadvisedthatatleast70%ofapersonssavingsshouldbeinlow-riskinvestments.Butforther

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