2022大學(xué)英語六級模擬試題

千里之行，始于足下讓知識帶有溫度。第第2頁/共2頁精品文檔推薦2022大學(xué)英語六級模擬試題2022年高校英語六級模擬試題

PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

MinorityReport

Americanuniversitiesareacceptingmoreminoritiesthanever.Graduatingthemisanothermatter.

BarryMills,thepresidentofBowdoinCollege,wasjustifiablyproudofBowdoin'seffortstorecruitminoritystudents.Since2022thesmall,eliteliberalartsschoolinBrunswick,Maine,hasboostedtheproportionofso-calledunder-representedminoritystudentsinenteringfreshmanclassesfrom8%to13%."Itisourresponsibilitytoreachoutandattractstudentstocometoourkindsofplaces,"hetoldaNEWSWEEKreporter.ButBowdoinhasnotdonequiteaswellwhenitcomestoactuallygraduatingminorities.While9outof10whitestudentsroutinelygettheirdiplomaswithinsixyears,only7outof10blackstudentsmadeittograduationdayinseveralrecentclasses.

"Ifyoulookatwhoenterscollege,itnowlookslikeAmerica,"saysHilaryPennington,directorofpostsecondaryprogramsfortheBill&MelindaGatesFoundation,whichhascloselystudiedenrollmentpatternsinhighereducation.

"Butifyoulookatwhowalksacrossthestageforadiploma,it'sstilllargelythewhite,upper-incomepopulation."

TheUnitedStatesoncehadthehighestgraduationrateofanynation.Nowitstands10th.ForthefirsttimeinAmericanhistory,thereistheriskthattherisinggenerationwillbelesswelleducatedthanthepreviousone.Thegraduationrateamong25-to34-year-oldsisnobetterthantherateforthe55-to64-year-oldswhoweregoingtocollegemorethan30yearsago.Studiesshowthatmoreandmorepoorandnon-whitestudentswanttograduatefromcollege–buttheirgraduationratesfallfarshortoftheirdreams.Thegraduationratesforblacks,Latinos,andNativeAmericanslagfarbehindthegraduationratesforwhitesandAsians.AstheminoritypopulationgrowsintheUnitedStates,lowcollegegraduationratesbecomeathreattonationalprosperity.

Theproblemispronouncedatpublicuniversities.In2022theUniversityofWisconsin-Madison–oneofthetopfiveorsoprestigiouspublicuniversities–graduated81%ofitswhitestudentswithinsixyears,butonly56%ofitsblacks.Atless-selectivestateschools,thenumbersgetworse.Duringthesametimeframe,theUniversityofNorthernIowagraduated67%ofitswhitestudents,butonly39%ofitsblacks.Communitycollegeshavelowgraduationratesgenerally–but

rock-bottomratesforminorities.ArecentreviewofCaliforniacommunitycollegesfoundthatwhileathirdoftheAsianstudentspickeduptheirdegrees,only15%ofAfrican-Americansdidsoaswell.

Privatecollegesanduniversitiesgenerallydobetter,partlybecausetheyoffersmallerclassesandmorepersonalattention.Butwhenitcomestoasignificantgraduationgap,Bowdoinhascompany.NearbyColbyCollegeloggedan18-pointdifferencebetweenwhiteandblackgraduatesin2022and25pointsin2022.MiddleburyCollegeinVermont,anothertopschool,hada19-pointgapin2022anda22-pointgapin2022.Themostselectiveprivateschools–Harvard,Yale,andPrinceton–showalmostnogapbetweenblackandwhitegraduationrates.Butthatmayhavemoretodowiththeirabilitytoselectthebeststudents.AccordingtodatagatheredbyHarvardLawSchoolprofessorLaniGuinier,themostselectiveschoolsaremorelikelytochooseblackswhohaveatleastoneimmigrantparentfromAfricaortheCaribbeanthanblackstudentswhoaredescendantsofAmericanslaves.

"Highereducationhasbeenabletoduckthisissueforyears,particularlythemoreselectiveschools,bysayingtheresponsibilityisontheindividualstudent,"saysPenningtonoftheGatesFoundation."Iftheyfail,it'stheirfault."Somecriticsblameaffirmativeaction–studentsadmittedwithlowertestscoresandgradesfromshakyhighschoolsoftenstruggleateliteschools.Butabiggerproblemmaybethatpoorhighschoolsoftensendtheirstudentstocollegesforwhichtheyare"undermatched":theycouldgetintomoreelite,richerschools,butinsteadgotocommunitycollegesandlow-ratedstateschoolsthatlacktheresourcestohelpthem.Someschoolsoutforprofitcynicallyincreasetuitionsandcountonstudentloansandfederalaidtofootthebill–knowingfullwellthatthestudentswon't

makeit."Theschoolkeepsthemoney,butthekidleaveswithloadsofdebtandnodegreeandnoabilitytogetabetterjob.Collegesarenotholdinguptheirend,"saysAmyWilkinsoftheEducationTrust.

Acollegeeducationisgettingevermoreexpensive.Since1982tuitionshavebeenrisingatroughlytwicetherateofinflation.In2022thenetcostofattendingafour-yearpublicuniversity–afterfinancialaid–equaled28%ofmedian(中間的)familyincome,whileafour-yearprivateuniversitycost76%ofmedianfamilyincome.Moreandmorescholarshipsarebasedonmerit,notneed.Poorerstudentsarenotalwaysthebest-informedconsumers.Oftentheywindupdeeplyindebtorsimplyunabletopayafterayearortwoandmustdropout.

Thereoncewasatimewhenuniversitiestookprideintheirdropoutrates.Professorswouldbegintheyearbysaying,"Looktotherightandlooktotheleft.Oneofyouisnotgoingtobeherebytheendoftheyear."ButsuchaDarwinianspiritisbeginningtogivewayasatleastafewcollegesfaceuptothegraduationgap.AttheUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,thegaphasbeenroughlyhalvedoverthelastthreeyears.Theuniversityhaspouredresourcesintopeercounselingtohelpstudentsfrominner-cityschoolsadjusttotherigor(嚴格要求)andfasterpaceofauniversityclassroom–andalsotohelpminoritystudentsovercomethestereotypethattheyarelessqualified.Wisconsinhasa"laserlikefocus"onbuildingupstudentskillsinthefirstthreemonths,accordingtoviceprovost(教務(wù)長)DamonWilliams.

Stateandfederalgovernmentscouldsharpenthatfocuseverywherebybroadlypublishingminoritygraduationrates.ForyearsprivatecollegessuchasPrincetonandMIThavehadsuccessbringingminoritiesontocampusinthesummerbeforefreshmanyeartogivethemsomepreparatorycourses.Thenewertrendistostartrecruitingpoorandnon-whitestudentsasearlyastheseventhgrade,usinginnovativetoolstoidentifykidswithsophisticatedverbalskills.Suchprogramscanbeexpensive,ofcourse,butcheapcomparedwiththemillionsalreadyinvestedinscholarshipsandgrantsforkidswhohavelittlechancetograduatewithoutspecialsupport.

Witheffortandmoney,thegraduationgapcanbeclosed.WashingtonandLeeisasmall,selectiveschoolinLexington,Va.Itsstudentbodyislessthan5%blackandlessthan2%Latino.Whiletheschoolusuallygraduatedabout90%ofitswhites,thegraduationrateofitsblacksandLatinoshaddippedto63%by2022."Wewentthroughadramaticshift,"saysDawnWatkins,thevicepresidentforstudentaffairs.Theschoolaggressivelypushedmentoring(輔導(dǎo))ofminoritiesbyotherstudentsand"partnering"withparentsataspecialpre-enrollmentsession.Theschoolhaditsfirst-everblackhomecoming.Lastspringtheschoolgraduatedthesameproportionofminoritiesasitdidwhites.IftheUnitedStateswantstokeepupintheglobaleconomicrace,itwillhavetopaysystematicattentiontograduatingminorities,notjustenrollingthem.

注重：此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。

1.Whatistheauthor'smainconcernaboutAmericanhighereducation?

A)Thesmallproportionofminoritystudents.

B)Thelowgraduationratesofminoritystudents.

C)Thegrowingconflictsamongethnicgroups.

D)Thepooracademicperformanceofstudents.

2.WhatwastheprideofPresidentBarryMillsofBowdoinCollege?

A)Theprestigeofitsliberalartsprograms.

B)ItsrankingamonguniversitiesinMaine.

C)Thehighgraduationratesofitsstudents.

D)Itsincreasedenrollmentofminoritystudents.

3.WhatistheriskfacingAmerica?

A)Itsschoolswillbeoverwhelmedbythegrowingnumberofillegalimmigrants.

B)Therisinggenerationwillbelesswelleducatedthanthepreviousone.

C)Morepoorandnon-whitestudentswillbedeniedaccesstocollege.

D)Itisgoingtoloseitscompetitiveedgeinhighereducation.

4.HowmanyAfrican-AmericanstudentsearnedtheirdegreesinCaliforniacommunitycollegesaccordingtoarecentreview?

A)Fifty-sixpercent.C)Fifteenpercent.

B)Thirty-ninepercent.D)Sixty-sevenpercent.

5.Harvard,Yale,andPrincetonshowalmostnogapbetweenblackandwhitegraduationratesmainlybecause.

A)theirstudentsworkharderC)theirclassesaregenerallysmaller

B)theyrecruitthebeststudentsD)theygivestudentsmoreattention

6.HowdoesAmyWilkinsoftheEducationTrustviewminoritystudents'failuretogetadegree?

A)Universitiesaretoblame.

B)Studentsdon'tworkhard.

C)Thegovernmentfailstoprovidethenecessarysupport.

D)Affirmativeactionshouldbeheldresponsible.

7.Whydosomestudentsdropoutafterayearortwoaccordingtotheauthor?

A)Theyhavelostconfidenceinthemselves.

B)Theycannotaffordthehightuition.

C)Theycannotadapttotherigoroftheschool.

D)Theyfailtodevelopinterestintheirstudies.

8.Totackletheproblemofgraduationgap,theUniversityofWisconsin-Madisonhelpsminoritystudentsgetoverthestereotypethat_______.

9.Foryears,privatecollegessuchasPrincetonandMIThaveprovidedminoritystudentswith_______duringthesummerbeforefreshmanyear.

10.WashingtonandLeeUniversityiscitedasanexampletoshowthatthegapofgraduationratesbetweenwhitesandminoritiescan_______.

PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

注重：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。

11.A)Shewillgivehimthereceiptlater.

B)Themanshouldmakehisowncopies.

C)Shehasnotgottheman'scopiesready.

D)Themanforgottomakethecopiesforher.

12.A)ShephonedFredaboutthebook.C)SheranintoFredonherwayhere.

B)Shewaslatefortheappointment.D)Sheoftenkeepsotherpeoplewaiting.

13.A)MarkisnotfittotakechargeoftheStudentUnion.

B)Markisthebestcandidateforthepostofchairman.

C)Itwon'tbeeasyforMarktowintheelection.

D)Femalesaremorecompetitivethanmalesinelections.

14.A)Itfailedtoarriveatitsdestinationintime.

B)Itgotseriouslydamagedontheway.

C)ItgotlostattheairportinParis.

D)Itwasleftbehindinthehotel.

15.A)Justmakeuseofwhateverinformationisavailable.

B)Putmoreeffortintopreparingforthepresentation.

C)Findmorerelevantinformationfortheirwork.

D)Simplyraisetheissueintheirpresentation.

16.A)ThemanhasdecidedtochooseLanguageStudiesashismajor.

B)Thewomanisn'tinterestedinthepsychologyoflanguage.

C)Themanisstilltryingtosignupforthecourseheisinterestedin.

D)Thewomanisn'tqualifiedtotakethecoursethemanmentioned.

17.A)Theyarebothtoblame.

B)Theyarebotheasytoplease.

C)Theycanmanagetogetalong.

D)Theywillmakepeaceintime.

18.A)Theyareindesperateneedoffinancialassistance.

B)Theyhopetodomiracleswithlimitedresources.

C)Theywanttoborrowahugesumfromthebank.

D)Theyplantobuyouttheirbusinesspartners.

Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Wesimplycannothelpreactinginstinctivelythatway.

B)Wewishtohideourindifferencetotheirmisfortune.

C)Wederivesomehumoroussatisfactionfromtheirmisfortune.

D)Wethinkitservesthemrightforbeingmeantootherpeople.

20.A)Theywanttoshowtheirgenuinesympathy.

B)Theyhavehadsimilarpersonalexperiences.

C)Theydon'tknowhowtocopewiththesituation.

D)Theydon'twanttorevealtheirownfrustration.

21.A)Theythemselveswouldliketodoitbutdon'tdareto.

B)It'sanopportunityforrelievingtheirtension.

C)It'sararechanceforthemtoseethebossloseface.

D)Theyhaveseenthismanytimesinoldfilms.

22.A)Toirritatethem.C)Torelieveherfeelings.

B)Toteachthemalesson.D)Toshowhercourage.Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

23.A)SmugglingdrugsintoHongKong.C)Stealingafellowpassenger'sbag.

B)Havingcommittedarmedrobbery.D)BringingahandgunintoHongKong.

24.A)Hesaidnotasinglewordduringtheentireflight.

B)HetookawayKumar'sbaggagewhilehewasasleep.

C)HewastravellingonascholarshipfromDelhiUniversity.

D)HeissuspectedofhavingslippedsomethinginKumar'sbag.

25.A)Givehimalift.C)Checkthepassengerlist.

B)FindAlfredFoster.D)Searchallsuspiciouscars.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

注重：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。

PassageOne

Questions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

26.A)Theythinktravelhasbecomeatrend.

B)Theythinktravelgivesthemtheirmoney'sworth.

C)Theyfindmanyofthebanksuntrustworthy.

D)Theylacktheexpertisetomakecapitalinvestments.

27.A)Lowertheirpricestoattractmorecustomers.

B)Introducetravelpackagesforyoungtravelers.

C)Designprogramstargetedatretiredcouples.

D)Launchanewprogramofadventuretrips.

28.A)Theroleoftravelagents.C)Thenumberoflast-minutebookings.

B)Thewaypeopletravel.D)Thepricesofpolarexpeditions.PassageTwo

Questions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

29.A)Theoldstereotypesaboutmenandwomen.

B)Thechangingrolesplayedbymenandwomen.

C)Thedivisionoflaborbetweenmenandwomen.

D)Thewidespreadprejudiceagainstwomen.

30.A)Offermorecreativeandpracticalideasthanmen.

B)Askquestionsthatoftenleadtocontroversy.

C)Speakloudlyenoughtoattractattention.

D)Raiseissuesonbehalfofwomen.

31.A)Toprovethatshecouldearnherlivingasagardener.

B)Toshowthatwomenaremorehardworkingthanmen.

C)Toshowthatwomenarecapableofdoingwhatmendo.

D)Toprovethatshewasreallyirritatedwithherhusband.PassageThree

Questions32to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

32.A)Coveringmajoreventsofthedayinthecity.

B)ReportingcriminaloffensesinGreenville.

C)Huntingnewsforthedailyheadlines.

D)Writingarticlesonfamilyviolence.

33.A)Itisamuchsaferplacethanitusedtobe.

B)Rapesrarelyoccurinthedowntownareas.

C)Assaultsoftenhappenonschoolcampuses.

D)Ithasfewerviolentcrimesthanbigcities.

34.A)Thereareawiderangeofcases.

B)Theyareverydestructive.

C)Therehasbeenariseinsuchcrimes.

D)Theyhavearousedfearamongtheresidents.

35.A)Writeaboutsomethingpleasant.C)Offerhelptocrimevictims.

B)Dosomeresearchonlocalpolitics.D)Workasanewspapereditor.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.

注重：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。C

InAmerica,peoplearefacedwithmoreandmoredecisionseveryday,whetherit'spickingoneof31icecream(36)_____ordecidingwhetherandwhentogetmarried.Thatsoundslikeagreatthing.Butasarecentstudyhasshown,toomanychoicescanmakeus(37)_____,unhappy–evenparalyzedwithindecision.

That's(38)_____truewhenitcomestotheworkplace,saysBarrySchwartz,anauthorofsixbooksabouthuman(39)_____.Studentsaregraduatingwitha(40)

_____ofskillsandinterests,butoftenfindthemselves(41)_____whenitcomestochoosinganultimatecareergoal.

Inastudy,Schwartzobserveddecision-makingamongcollegestudentsduringtheir(42)_____year.Basedonanswerstoquestionsregardingtheirjob-hunting(43)_____andcareerdecisions,hedividedthestudentsintotwogroups:"maximizers"whoconsidereverypossibleoption,and"satisficers"wholookuntiltheyfindanoptionthatisgoodenough.

Youmightexpectthatthestudents(44)_________________________________.Butitturnsoutthat'snottrue.Schwartzfoundthatwhilemaximizersendedupwithbetterpayingjobsthansatisficersonaverage,theyweren'tashappywiththeirdecision.Thereason(45)_________________________________.Whenyoulookateverypossibleoption,youtendtofocusmoreonwhatwasgivenupthanwhatwasgained.Aftersurveyingeveryoption,(46)_________________________________.

PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.PleasewriteyouranswersonAnswerSheet2.

Questions47to51arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Howgoodareyouatsaying"no"?Formany,it'ssurprisinglydifficult.Thisisespeciallytrueofeditors,whobynaturetendtobeeagerandengagedparticipantsineverythingtheydo.Considerthesescenarios:

It'slateintheday.Thatfrontpackageyou'vebeenworkingonisnearlycomplete;onelasteditandit'sfinished.Entertheexecutiveeditor,whomakesasuggestionrequiringamore-than-modestrearrangementofthedesignandtheadditionofaninformationbox.Youwanttoscream:"No!It'sdone!"Whatdoyoudo?

Thefirstruleofsayingnotothebossisdon'tsayno.Sheprobablyhassomethinginmindwhenshemakessuggestions,andit'suptoyoutofindoutwhat.Thesecondruleisdon'traisethestakesbychallengingherauthority.Thatissueisalreadydecided.Thethirdruleistobereadytociteoptionsandconsequences.Theboss'ssuggestionsmightbeappropriate,buttherearealwaysconsequences.Shemightnotknowaboutthepagesbackingupthatneedattention,oraboutthedesignerwhohadtogohomesick.Tellhershecanhavewhatshewants,butexplaintheconsequences.Understandwhatshe'stryingtoaccomplishandproposeaPlanBthatwillmakeithappenwithoutdestroyingwhatyou'vedonesofar.

Here'sanothercase.Yourleast-favoritereportersuggestsadumbstoryidea.Thisoneshouldbeeasy,butit'snot.Ifyousayno,evenpolitely,youriskinhibitingfurtherideas,notjustfromthatreporter,butfromotherswhoheardthatyou

turneddowntheidea.Thisscenarioiscommoninnewsroomsthatlackasystematicwaytofilterstorysuggestions.

Twostepsarenecessary.First,youneedasystemforhowstoriesareproposedandreviewed.Reporterscantoleraterejectionoftheirideasiftheybelievetheyweregivenafairhearing.Yourgutreaction(本能反應(yīng))anddismissiverejection,evenofaworthlessidea,mightnotqualifyassystematicorfair.

Second,thepeopleyouworkwithneedtonegotiatea"Whatif...?"agreementcovering"Whatifmyideaisturneddown?"Howarepeopleexpectedtoreact?Isthereanappealprocess?Cantheyrefinetheideaandresubmitit?Byanticipating"Whatif...?"situationsbeforetheyhappen,youcanreachunderstandingthatwillhelpeaseyououtofconfrontations.

47.Insteadofdirectlysayingnotoyourboss,youshouldfindout__________.

48.Theauthor'ssecondwarningisthatweshouldavoidrunningagreaterriskby__________.

49.Onewayofrespondingtoyourboss'ssuggestionistoexplainthe__________toherandofferanalternativesolution.

50.Toensurefairnesstoreporters,itisimportanttosetupasystemforstoriesto__________.

51.Peoplewholearntoanticipate"Whatif...?"situationswillbeabletoreachunderstandingandavoid__________.

SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOne

Questions52to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Attheheartofthedebateoverillegalimmigrationliesonekeyquestion:areimmigrantsgoodorbadfortheeconomy?TheAmericanpublicoverwhelminglythinksthey'rebad.Yettheconsensusamongmosteconomistsisthatimmigration,bothlegalandillegal,providesasmallnetboosttotheeconomy.Immigrantsprovidecheaplabor,lowerthepricesofeverythingfromfarmproducetonewhomes,andleaveconsumerswithalittlemoremoneyintheirpockets.Sowhyistheresuchadiscrepancybetweentheperceptionofimmigrants'impactontheeconomyandthereality?

Thereareanumberoffamiliartheories.Somearguethatpeopleareanxiousandfeelthreatenedbyaninflowofnewworkers.Othershighlightthestrainthatundocumentedimmigrantsplaceonpublicservices,likeschools,hospitals,andjails.Stillothersemphasizetheroleofrace,arguingthatforeignersaddtothenation'sfearsandinsecurities.There'ssometruthtoalltheseexplanations,buttheyaren'tquitesufficient.

Togetabetterunderstandingofwhat'sgoingon,considerthewayimmigration'simpactisfelt.Thoughitsoveralleffectmaybepositive,itscostsandbenefitsare

distributedunevenly.DavidCard,aneconomistatUCBerkeley,notesthattheoneswhoprofitmostdirectlyfromimmigrants'low-costlaborarebusinessesandemployers–meatpackingplantsinNebraska,forinstance,oragriculturalbusinessesinCalifornia.Granted,theseproducers'savingsprobablytranslateintolowerpricesatthegrocerystore,buthowmanyconsumersmakethatmentalconnectionatthecheckoutcounter?Asforthedrawbacksofillegalimmigration,these,too,areconcentrated.Nativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromthecompetitionofforeignlabor.AccordingtoastudybyGeorgeBorjas,aHarvardeconomist,immigrationreducedthewagesofAmericanhigh-schooldropoutsby9%between1980-2000.

Amonghigh-skilled,better-educatedemployees,however,oppositionwasstrongestinstateswithbothhighnumbersofimmigrantsandrelativelygeneroussocialservices.Whatworriedthemmost,inotherwords,wasthefiscal(財政

的)burdenofimmigration.Thatconclusionwasreinforcedbyanotherfinding:thattheiroppositionappearedtosoftenwhenthatfiscalburdendecreased,asoccurredwithwelfarereforminthe1990s,whichcurbedimmigrants'accesstocertainbenefits.

Theironyisthatforalltheoverexciteddebate,theneteffectofimmigrationisminimal.Evenforthosemostacutelyaffected–say,low-skilledworkers,orCaliforniaresidents–theimpactisn'tallthatdramatic."Theunpleasantvoiceshavetendedtodominateourperceptions,"saysDanielTichenor,apoliticalscienceprofessorattheUniversityofOregon."Butwhenallthosefactorsareputtogether

andtheeconomistscalculatethenumbers,itendsupbeinganetpositive,butasmallone."Toobadmostpeopledon'trealizeit.

注重：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。

52.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

A)Whetherimmigrantsaregoodorbadfortheeconomyhasbeenpuzzlingeconomists.

B)TheAmericaneconomyusedtothriveonimmigrationbutnowit'sadifferentstory.

C)Theconsensusamongeconomistsisthatimmigrationshouldnotbeencouraged.

D)Thegeneralpublicthinksdifferentlyfrommosteconomistsontheimpactofimmigration.

53.InwhatwaydoestheauthorthinkordinaryAmericansbenefitfromimmigration?

A)Theycanaccessallkindsofpublicservices.

B)Theycangetconsumergoodsatlowerprices.

C)Theycanmixwithpeopleofdifferentcultures.

D)Theycanavoiddoingmuchofthemanuallabor.

54.Whydonativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromillegalimmigration?

A)Theyhavegreaterdifficultygettingwelfaresupport.

B)Theyaremorelikelytoencounterinterracialconflicts.

C)Theyhaveahardertimegettingajobwithdecentpay.

D)Theyarenomatchforillegalimmigrantsinlaborskills.

55.Whatisthechiefconcernofnativehigh-skilled,better-educatedemployeesabouttheinflowofimmigrants?

A)Itmaychangetheexistingsocialstructure.

B)Itmayposeathreattotheireconomicstatus.

C)Itmayleadtosocialinstabilityinthecountry.

D)Itmayplaceagreatstrainonthestatebudget.

56.Whatistheironyaboutthedebateoverimmigration?

A)Eveneconomistscan'treachaconsensusaboutitsimpact.

B)Thosewhoareopposedtoitturnouttobenefitmostfromit.

C)Peoplearemakingtoobigafussaboutsomethingofsmallimpact.

D)Thereisnoessentialdifferencebetweenseeminglyoppositeopinions.PassageTwo

Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

PictureatypicalMBAlecturetheatretwentyyearsago.Initthemajorityofstudentswillhaveconformedtothesta