名詞性從句高考七大考點(diǎn)

語(yǔ)法—名詞性從句nounclause2021/5/91英語(yǔ)句子的種類簡(jiǎn)單句(simplesentence)并列句(compoundsentence)復(fù)合句(complexsentence)英語(yǔ)句子概論2021/5/92簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型Theweatherisverycold.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)（連系動(dòng)詞）+表語(yǔ)Helaughed.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)（vi.）Ilike

Chinesefood.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(vt.)+賓語(yǔ)Shetaught

them

physics.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(vt.)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)Wemustkeeptheroomwarm.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(vt.)+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

2021/5/93并列句把兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句用并列連詞連接起來(lái)。IturnedontheTV.MysisterandIwatchedit.

IturnedontheTVandmysisterandIwatchedit.

Iboughtmysisterapresent.Shedidn’tlikeit.Iboughtmysisterapresent,butshedidn’tlikeit.并列句并列句常用并列連詞:

平行并列連詞:轉(zhuǎn)折并列連詞：因果并列連詞:選擇并列連詞:and,both…and,notonly…butalso,neither…norbut,however,while,yet,or,either…orfor,so2021/5/94復(fù)合句:主句+從句

名詞性從句定語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句1.TheboywhoisstandingoverthereisTom2.Becauseitisraining,wehavetostayathome

定語(yǔ)從句

狀語(yǔ)從句3.Iknow(that)heisfromAmerica(賓語(yǔ)從句）名詞性從句---2021/5/95NounClauses(名詞性從句)SubjectClause(主語(yǔ)從句)AppositiveClause（同位語(yǔ)從句）ObjectClause（賓語(yǔ)從句）PredicativeClause（表語(yǔ)從句）2021/5/96Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句

名詞性從句的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，因此主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句分別作主句的主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。同位語(yǔ)從句2021/5/97名詞性從句考點(diǎn)歸納

1.引導(dǎo)詞

2.語(yǔ)序問(wèn)題

3.時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題

4.主謂一致問(wèn)題

5.名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣

6.it做形式主語(yǔ)、形式賓語(yǔ)的用法

7.同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別

2021/5/98名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞(1)從屬連詞thatwhether

if＊只起連接作用，不充當(dāng)從句中的任何成分。(2)連接代詞who(ever)whom(ever)whose(ver)which(ever)what(ever)＊既起連接作用，本身又在從句中做成分(3)連接副詞when

whywherehow，how

many，howmuch，＊既起連接作用，本身又在從句中做狀語(yǔ)。2021/5/99一、that從屬連詞that本身無(wú)意義，在名詞性從句中不作句子成分，只起連接作用。1、賓語(yǔ)從句LinTaofeels(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.

Everyoneknewwhathappenedand

thatshewasworried.Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo.IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.2021/5/910規(guī)則一：1.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句由連詞that引導(dǎo)，that在從句中不作任何成分，也沒(méi)有任何具體意思，因此在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中常省略。2.賓語(yǔ)從句中的連接詞that在以下三種情況下不能省略：（1）當(dāng)that從句與另一名詞性從句并列作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，第二個(gè)that不能?。唬?）當(dāng)that從句作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，that不可省掉。（3）用it做形式賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)從句,that不可省掉。2021/5/911溫馨提示：在主句為動(dòng)詞be加某些形容詞（如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等）作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面所跟的省略that的從句也可算是賓語(yǔ)從句。I’msorry

(that)

Idon’tknow.We’resure

(that)

ourteamwillwin.I’mafraid

(that)

hewon’tpasstheexam.2021/5/912____________________iscertain.（我們將遲到了）2.________________________isapity.(你錯(cuò)過(guò)了這次機(jī)會(huì))

Mydreamis_____________________________(我將來(lái)有我自己的公司)4.I’vecomefromMrWangwithamessage__________________________________________(他今天下午不能來(lái)看你了)ThatweshallbelateThatyoumissedthechancethatIwillhavemyowncompanythathewon’tbeabletoseeyouthisafternoon主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句2021/5/913規(guī)則二：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句由連詞that引導(dǎo)時(shí)，that在從句中不作任何成分，也沒(méi)有任何具體意思，但是不可以省略。2021/5/914

1.Iaskedher____________shehadabike.

2.We’reworriedabout_________heissafe.

3.Idon’tknow_________heiswellornot.

4.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.

5.Idon’tknow__________togo.

6.________themeetingwillbeputoffhasnotbeendecidedyet.

if/whetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether二、whether/if2021/5/915__________heisfreenowiscertain.Theproblemis___________wecangetthereontime.Hemustanswerthequestion__________heagreestoitornot.Whetherwhetherwhether2021/5/916規(guī)則：1.賓語(yǔ)從句由連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)，表“是否”，?？苫Q，不能省略。2.if/whether的區(qū)別：1)當(dāng)有ornot時(shí)就用whether,不用if.2)介詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句不能用if.

3)whether可與動(dòng)詞不定式連用，if不能。4)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中,只能用whether,不能用if.2021/5/917三、what______hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.

2.

Heisnolonger_____hewas.

3.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_____wasawastelandtenyearsago.4.After______seemedlikehourshecameoutwithabittersmile.5.Ourincomeisnowdouble______itwastenyearsago.6.Doyouknow______hesaidjustnow?Whatwhatwhatwhatwhatwhat2021/5/918規(guī)則：what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，除了表示“什么”，還可以表示：表示“……的東西或事情”；“……的人或的樣子”（身份或地位）…的地方…的時(shí)間…的數(shù)量或數(shù)目2021/5/919Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee______itis.任何最后離開房間的人應(yīng)該把燈關(guān)掉。_________________________oughttoturnoffthelight.他的問(wèn)題是哪個(gè)學(xué)生英語(yǔ)最好。Hisquestionis____________________atEnglish哪個(gè)最喜歡就拿哪個(gè)。Take________________whoWhoeverleavestheroomlastwhichstudentisthebestwhicheveryoulike2021/5/920Couldyoushowme_____Icanreachthestation?我們就是這樣克服困難的.

Thatwas____weovercamethedifficultiesIhavenoidea______hehasgone.這就是我不同意的地方.

Thisis_______Idisagree.這就是她為什么今天早上起得這么早的原因.Thisis_____shegotupsoearlythismorning.

_____hedidn’tcomeisstillunknowntous.__________________________isunderdiscussion我們什么時(shí)候開始開會(huì)……Manystudentssaythattheirtimeatuniversityis______theycanexperiencepurelove.howhowwherewherewhyWhyWhenwe’llbeginthemeetingwhen2021/5/921規(guī)則：Wh-引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，它們通常不含有疑問(wèn)意義，而是分別體現(xiàn)具體的地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、原因和方式。2021/5/922名詞性從句的語(yǔ)序Hisbrotherasks_________________thelibrary.……他什么時(shí)候去圖書館Idon’tknow

whatisthematter\thetrouble\wrong

withhim.名詞性從句中，除了連接詞要提到句首之外，一律要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。whenhewillgoto2021/5/9232.Ourphysicsteacheroncetoldusthatlight__________（

travel）

fasterthansound.travels總結(jié)歸納：c.主句的動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)可根據(jù)需要選用各種時(shí)態(tài)1.Hesaidthathewillgotothestation..3.TomsaysthatMary____(go)

abroadlastyear

and_________(be)therefornearly5months.a.主句的動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)b.主句的動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí)，從句表示客觀事實(shí)，格言，諺語(yǔ)等，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)wenthasbeenwould名詞性從句的時(shí)態(tài)2021/5/924Whenthemeetingwillbegin

_____(have)notbeendecidedyet.Whenthepersonwasmurderedandwhyhewasmurdered______(is/are)stillunknown.單個(gè)的主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用_____形式。如果是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則用_____形式。由兩個(gè)或多個(gè)連接詞引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用_____形式。

總結(jié)歸納：?jiǎn)螖?shù)復(fù)數(shù)hasWhentheywillstartandwheretheywillgo_____(be)stillunknown.Whenandwherethemeetingwillbegin_____(have)notbeendecidedyet.arehas單數(shù)名詞性從句的主謂一致2021/5/925名詞性從句(主)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣Itisorderedthathe___________(take)theexamination.Itisstrangethathe_____(tell)youthis.shouldtaketell基本句型：Itis+形容詞、名詞、過(guò)去分詞+that...

+(should)doa.Itisimportant(necessary,natural,strange,advisableetc)+thatb.Itisapity(ashame,nowonderetc)+thatc.Itissuggested(ordered,proposed,required,demanded,requested,insistedetc)+that2021/5/926Wesuggestedthatthemeeting___________(putoff)總結(jié)歸納：①表示建議、要求、命令,堅(jiān)持等動(dòng)詞suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist．request、command、order后的從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用

__________________________注意suggest當(dāng)表示“暗示、表明“講時(shí)，insist表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”之意時(shí)，從句按需要來(lái)選擇時(shí)態(tài)(should)+do/bedoneThesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathe______(was/be/is)satisfiedwithourwork.was名詞性從句（賓）的虛擬語(yǔ)氣beputoff2021/5/927a.I

wish

I

______(know)

the

answernow.

b.I

wish

he__________(pass)

the

examyesterday.c.I

wish

I

________(fly)

to

the

moon

in

a

few

years.

對(duì)現(xiàn)在虛擬時(shí)，that從句中謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去時(shí)對(duì)過(guò)去虛擬時(shí)，用had＋過(guò)去分詞對(duì)將來(lái)虛擬時(shí)，用would

(might等)＋動(dòng)詞原形knewhad

passedwould

fly總結(jié)歸納：②名詞性從句（賓）的虛擬語(yǔ)氣2021/5/928在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名詞后面的表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即________________________His

suggestionthatyou___________(try)oncemoresoundsreasonable.

2.The

ordergivenbythecommanderwasthatthey________________(notstop)untilthecommanderallowedtheyto.

總結(jié)歸納：(should)+do/bedone名詞性從句（表、同）的虛擬語(yǔ)氣(should)try(should)notstop2021/5/929名詞性從句中it做形式賓語(yǔ)、形式主語(yǔ)找出下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤1.Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.2.Thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillholdoursportsmeeting.thatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.it形式賓語(yǔ)whenandwherewewillholdoursportsmeeting.It形式主語(yǔ)總結(jié)歸納：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)從句較長(zhǎng)，而謂語(yǔ)較短時(shí)，常常將從句______，而用it作為形式主語(yǔ)置于句首。it也可作形式賓語(yǔ)。

后置2021/5/930用it作形式主語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)(1)Itis＋名詞＋從句

Itisafactthat… 事實(shí)是…Itisanhonorthat …非常榮幸

Itiscommonknowledgethat…是常識(shí)(2)Itis＋形容詞＋從句

Itisnaturalthat… 很自然…Itisstrangethat… 奇怪的是…(3)It＋不及物動(dòng)詞＋從句

Itseemsthat… 似乎…Ithappenedthat… 碰巧…Itappearsthat… 似乎…(4)It＋be+過(guò)去分詞＋從句

Itisreportedthat… 據(jù)報(bào)道…Ithasbeenprovedthat… 已證實(shí)…Itissaidthat… 據(jù)說(shuō)…2021/5/931Wethinkitimportantthatwelearnaforeignlanguage.Weconsideritourdutytocleanourclassroomeveryday.

該句型中的it作形式賓語(yǔ)。為了記憶方便我們可稱該句型為：

6123結(jié)構(gòu)

6

指主句中常用的動(dòng)詞：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel；

1

指的是形式賓語(yǔ)it；

2

指的是賓補(bǔ)的兩種形式：形容詞或名詞；

3

指的是真正賓語(yǔ)的三種形式：不定式短語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。2021/5/932同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpected.WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.定語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句Thequestionwhohelpedusoutofdifficultyremainstobeanswered.Thequestionwhichseemssostrangeremainstobeanswered.同位語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句1、同位語(yǔ)從句:說(shuō)明名詞的內(nèi)容,wh-表示疑問(wèn),that不做成分,不能省略2、定語(yǔ)從句:說(shuō)明名詞的性質(zhì)特征,wh-不表示疑問(wèn)。引導(dǎo)詞做句子成分,做賓語(yǔ)可以省略2021/5/933

判斷:定語(yǔ)從句or同位語(yǔ)從句1.Theorderthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroupswasreceivedyesterday.

2.Theorderthatwereceivedyesterdaywasthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroups.3.ThenewsthathewillleaveforShanghaiistrue.4.Thenewsthatwegotlastweekistrue.5.Thequestionthatwediscussedyesterdayisadifficultone.(定語(yǔ)從句)(同位語(yǔ)從句)(同位語(yǔ)從句)(定語(yǔ)從句)(定語(yǔ)從句)2021/5/934Thankyou!2021/5/935PredicativeClauses

表語(yǔ)從句2021/5/936從屬連詞(不作成分）連接代詞（作成分）連接副詞（作狀語(yǔ)）what,who,whom,whose,which,wh+everthat,whether,asif/asthoughwhen,where,how,why.because表語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)的名詞性從句,放在系動(dòng)詞之后,一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)從句”?？梢越颖碚Z(yǔ)從句的系動(dòng)詞有be,look,remain,seem表語(yǔ)從句Thequestionis_____wecanrelyonhim.That’s_____wewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.Helooked____hewasgoingtocry.That’s_____Iwaslate.whetherbecauseasifwhy2021/5/9371.That’s___thePartycalledonustodo.A.whyB.whatC.howD.that2.Thereasonis___heisunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.Whether3.Thatis___theyseparated.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where4.Janeisnolonger___shewasfouryearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.when2021/5/938appositiveClauses

同位語(yǔ)從句2021/5/939同位語(yǔ)從句1.跟在某些名詞后面，對(duì)該名詞作進(jìn)一步解釋說(shuō)明。常用名詞有belief,fact,idea,hope,news,doubt,result,thought,information,opinion等。Suggestion,suggestorderdemandwish等2.常用連詞：that;when,where,why,howe.g.1.消息傳來(lái)，拿破侖要來(lái)視察他的軍隊(duì)。

WordcamethatNapoleonwouldcomeandinspecthisgrandarmy.

It’sthequestionhowhedidit.3同位語(yǔ)從句多用that引導(dǎo)，無(wú)意義，不可省。2.問(wèn)題是他如何做這件事的4.在havenoidea之后用wh-引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句Ihavenoideawherehehasgone.Ihavenoideawhenhedidit.Ihavenoideawhathedid.2021/5/9401.TwothirdsofallgirlsinBritainareonadiet./Thefactworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.2.TheQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina./Weheardthenewslastnight._____________________________________________________

Thefact

that

twothirdsofallgirlsareonadiet

worriestheirparentsandteachersalot._____________________________________________________________Weheardthenewslastnightthat

theQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina.2021/5/9414.Timetravelispossible./Thereisnoscientificprooffortheidea.5.Chinesestudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetime./Thesuggestioniswelcomedbymanypeople,especiallykidsinschool.3.Teenagersshouldnotspendtoomuchtimeonline./ManyBritishparentsholdtheview.____________________________________________________ManyBritishparentsholdtheview

that

teenagersshouldn’tspendtoomuchtimeonline.____________________________Thereisnoscientificprooffortheidea

that

timetravelispossible.______________________________________________________Thesuggestion

that

Chinesestudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetimeiswelcomedbymanypeople,especiallykidsinschool.2021/5/9421.Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpected.2.WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.定語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句3.連詞that在同位語(yǔ)從句中不可省略,而在定語(yǔ)從句中當(dāng)它充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。區(qū)別that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句：1.引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)的連詞that在句中不作任何句子成分，而在定語(yǔ)從句中，that充當(dāng)?shù)目梢允菑木涞闹髡Z(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)等2.同位語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)前面名詞的內(nèi)容的具體說(shuō)明，而定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)前面名詞進(jìn)行修飾，解釋為“….的”3.Thefactthatsheworkshardiswellknowntousall.1.Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegamewastrue.

2.Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue同位語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句2021/5/943

判斷:定語(yǔ)從句or同位語(yǔ)從句1.Theorderthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroupswasreceivedyesterday.

2.Theorderthatwereceivedyesterdaywasthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroups.3.ThenewsthathewillleaveforShanghaiistrue.4.Thenewsthatwegotlastweekistrue.5.Thequestionthatwediscussedyesterdayisadifficultone.(定語(yǔ)從句)(同位語(yǔ)從句)(同位語(yǔ)從句)(定語(yǔ)從句)(定語(yǔ)從句)2021/5/9441.____madetheschoolproudwas____morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.AWhat/becauseBWhat/thatCThat/whatDThat/because2.___shecouldn’tunderstandwas___fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.AWhat/whyBThat/whatCWhat/becauseDWhy/thatBAB3.Heisabsentfromschool.Itis__heisseriouslyill.A.whyB.becauseC.thatD.thereason4___hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.AWhoBTheoneCAnyoneDWhoever5.Informationhasbeenputforward__moregraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.AthatBhowCwhereDwhatDA2021/5/9456---IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.---Isthat___youhadafewdaysoff?AwhyBwhenCwhatDwhere7---Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday’sgame?---Oh,that’s___.AwhatmakesmefeelexcitedBwhateverIfeelexcitedaboutChowIfeelaboutitDwhenIfeelexcitedAA2021/5/946.__fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.AWhatBThatCThisDWhich10.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly__hewants.AwhatBwhichCwhenDthat11.Wemadethesuggestionthathe___hiswork.AcontinuesBcontinueCcontinuedDhadcontinuedBAB2021/5/94712.Therewillbeaspecialpricefor____buysthingsinlargenumberhere.A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.Whomever13.Marywroteanarticleon____theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.whyB.whatC.whoD.that(05)14.Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept__helphecanget.(05)A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whenever2021/5/94814.Manynewspaperprintedthegovernor’sstatement_____wouldsupportataxcut.andheB.wasthatheCwhichheDthathe15._____manmustfearwhentravelinginspaceisradiationfromthesun.WhichB.HowC.WhatD.That16.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild____heorshewants.A.However