山東濰坊中考英語(yǔ)解析

2018年濰坊市中考英語(yǔ)試題（五）聽(tīng)一段獨(dú)白，根據(jù)所聽(tīng)內(nèi)容補(bǔ)全下列文段。每空一詞，獨(dú)白讀兩遍。Lisa,a1-year-oldgirl,goestoherfather’stoyshopafterschoolevery2.Onthatdayexcitedkidsandbabiesarebusyplayingwiththetoysintheirshop,soit’salwaysquite3there.Lisahastowatchcarefullyandmakesurenobody4thetoys.Thisoftenmakesherfeel5,butshehasfunhelpingherfather.二、單項(xiàng)選擇（共8小題；每小題1分，滿分8分）從下列各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)21.(2018山東濰坊)Topreparefor________triptoLA,Bettyismaking_______listofthingstotakealong.A.the:the B.不填:a C.the:a D.a;不填21.C【解析】考查冠詞用法。第一個(gè)空表示“特指”洛杉磯之旅，故用定冠詞the；第二個(gè)空makealistof意為“把……列成一張表”，表示數(shù)量為“一”，用不定冠詞a。故選擇C。22.(2018山東濰坊)Studentshereoftendophysicsexperiments_______smallgroups.A.by B.in C.for D.at22.B【解析】考查介詞用法。句意：這里的學(xué)生經(jīng)常以小組的形式進(jìn)行物理實(shí)驗(yàn)?！?表示手段、方法、材料)用，以”用介詞in。選擇B。23.(2018山東濰坊)TheThreeGorgesDamproduces________formillionsofpeopleinChina.A.electricity B.influence C.transport D.technology23.A【解析】考查名詞辨析。句意：三峽大壩為數(shù)百萬(wàn)中國(guó)人供電。electricity電力；influence影響；transport運(yùn)輸；technology技術(shù)。主語(yǔ)“三峽大壩”提示用electricity和動(dòng)詞produce構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓短語(yǔ)，表示“發(fā)電”符合句意。故選擇A。24.(2018山東濰坊)DoctorBethunesometimeshadtotreatthewoundedon_______own.A.him B.his C.them D.their24.B【解析】考查代詞的辨析。句意：白求恩醫(yī)生有時(shí)不得不自己治療傷員。短語(yǔ)onone'sown意為“獨(dú)自地”，故此處填寫(xiě)he的形容詞性物主代詞his。選擇B。25.(2018山東濰坊)--Ialwayshatebeinglateforschool.--_________________A.SoamI. B.SodoI C.SoIam D.SoIdo25.B【解析】考查倒裝句。句意：—我總是討厭上學(xué)遲到?！乙彩恰Ｉ舷挛氖侵浮傲硪蝗恕币苍鯓?，so用作連詞引導(dǎo)倒裝句，要構(gòu)成完全倒裝，表示“……也怎樣”，上文行為動(dòng)詞hate提示用助動(dòng)詞do。構(gòu)成“so+助動(dòng)詞do+主語(yǔ)I”結(jié)構(gòu)。故選B。26(2018山東濰坊)Thephotosthatwonthefirstprizeinthecompetitionwillbe________onthewebsite.A.putaway B.putoff C.putup D.puton26.C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的辨析。句意：在比賽中獲得一等獎(jiǎng)的照片將張貼在網(wǎng)站上。putoff推遲，拖延；putaway收起來(lái)，放好；puton穿上；putup張貼，建造。主語(yǔ)“照片”提示和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)putup構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，“張貼照片”符合句意，故選C。27.(2018山東濰坊)Youwillstillmisstheflight_______youcatchaDidicar.Aevenif B.asif C.until D.beforeA【解析】考查連詞辨析。句意：即使你趕上Didi汽車(chē)，你還是會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)這次航班。evenif“即使”；asif“似乎”；until“直到……才”；before“在……之前”。上文“還是錯(cuò)過(guò)”和下文的“趕上Didi汽車(chē)”提示用evenif“即使”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。故選A。28(2018山東濰坊)Wewerealldisappointedat___________.A.whatdoestheboyBay BwhattheboysaysC.whattheboysaid D.whatdidtheboysay28.D【解析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句的用法。賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序?yàn)殛愂鼍湔Z(yǔ)序，排除A、D；主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，提示從句要用過(guò)去相對(duì)應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)，排除B，故選D。三、完形填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(2018山東濰坊)RidingaMobikeonthestreet,youmighthearsomepeoplespeakingChinesealoud.Turningtotheright,youseeaSichuan-stylerestaurant.AfterwalkingintoastoreyouseethatHuaweismartphonesare29.Butyou’renotinChina—you’reinManchesterinBritain.Infact,youmightsee30thingsinmanyothercities.Chineseproductshavebeen31worldwide.Chinesefoodhasbeenenjoyedinwesterncountriesforalongtime.To32localpeoplestastes,Chineserestaurantshavemadesomechangestothe33.UnlikeChinese,Australianpeopledon’tliketoeatmeatwiththebone34.SoChineserestaurantsthereprovidebigpiecesofmeatwithoutbones,35forfish.SomeChinesebrands（品牌）arealsobecomingmore36.InmanycitiesinEuropestoressellTCLtelevisions,HaierfridgesandLenovocomputers.AndmorethanhalfofUS-owneddrones（無(wú)人機(jī)）areChinesemodels.They’renotsimplymadeinChina,butdesignedanddevelopedinthe37.Inthepast,mostwesternpeoplethoughtChineseproductswerecheapandnotdependable.Butnow,thingshavechangedgreatly.MadeinChinabecomescool.Moreandmorepeople38Chinesebrands.29.A.forfun Batwork C.onsale D.inuse30.A.similar B.different C.common D.unusual31.A.stored B.collected C.received D.accepted32.A.meet B.copy Cspread D.answer33.A.kitchens Bdrink Cdishes D.services34.A.up B.out C.on D.in35.A.just B.even C.yet D.still36.A.traditional Bexpensive C.practical D.popular37.A.country B.circle C.field D.town38.A.sell B.trust C.improve D.question體裁說(shuō)明文話題中國(guó)制造詞數(shù)214【主旨大意】本文通過(guò)介紹中國(guó)制造的產(chǎn)品在全球的受歡迎程度說(shuō)了“中國(guó)元素”正在走向世界。29.C【解析】華為手機(jī)在商店里應(yīng)該是在“出售”，onsale有“出售”的意思。30.A【解析】由下文知中國(guó)的產(chǎn)品遍布世界各地，故在其他城市也有相似的情景，形容詞similar表示“相似的”。31.D【解析】有上下文知中國(guó)產(chǎn)品在各地都有，表明中國(guó)產(chǎn)品已經(jīng)被世界各地的人們所接受。填寫(xiě)accepted符合題意。32.A【解析】由下文知，中國(guó)餐館已經(jīng)做了一些改變，前面動(dòng)詞不定式表示目的，應(yīng)該是為了迎合當(dāng)?shù)厝说目谖?，meet有“滿足”的意思，A選項(xiàng)符合題意。33.C【解析】前面提到的是food（食物），餐館想改變的也就是“菜肴”，故C選項(xiàng)恰當(dāng)。34.D【解析】與中國(guó)人不同的是，澳大利亞人不喜歡吃帶骨頭的肉。表示“在……里面”用介詞in。35.B【解析】所以那里的中國(guó)餐館提供不帶骨頭的肉，空后又舉了魚(yú)的例子，魚(yú)的骨頭或刺多且小，剔除很困難，這里舉這個(gè)例子表示“讓步”關(guān)系，所以選擇even（即使）符合題意。36.D【解析】前面說(shuō)到中國(guó)食物受人喜愛(ài)，這里由說(shuō)中國(guó)的品牌，有下文知，TCL電視、海爾冰箱及聯(lián)想電腦在歐洲商店有售賣(mài)，所以中國(guó)品牌也很“受歡迎”，故D選項(xiàng)恰當(dāng)。37.A【解析】這些產(chǎn)品不僅僅在中國(guó)制造，根據(jù)連詞和句意，設(shè)計(jì)和開(kāi)發(fā)也在中國(guó)，即在我們的國(guó)家，填寫(xiě)country符合題意。38.B【解析】過(guò)去，大多數(shù)西方人認(rèn)為中國(guó)的產(chǎn)品便宜而且不可靠。但現(xiàn)在，情況發(fā)生了很大變化。中國(guó)制造變酷了。產(chǎn)品也可靠了，所以應(yīng)該是“越來(lái)越多的人信任中國(guó)品牌了”。動(dòng)詞trust“相信”符合題意。四、閱讀理解共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A(2018山東濰坊)Whenshewasjust9yearsold,KatieStaglianoplantedacabbageseed（卷心菜種子）inagardenoutsideherhouse.Shecaredforiteverydaybywateringit,weedingitandgivingitplantfood.ItgrewtobeHUGE！Fortypoundshuge!Katiewantedtodosomethingspecialwiththisveryspecialcabbage.Withhermom’shelp,shedecidedtodonate（捐贈(zèng)）ittoalocalsoupkitchentohelpfeedthehungryinhercommunityofSummerville,SouthCarolina.Whenshearrivedtomakeherdonation,shesawalonglineofpeoplewaitingforfood.Then,Katieservedhercabbagetotheguest.Asthemanypeoplethankedher,sheknewshecouldandshoulddomoretohelp.Withthehelpofherparentsandschool,Katie’sKropswasborn!Katie’sKropsplantsgardenstogrowfoodthatisdonatedtolocalsoupkitchenstofeedthehungry.Katie’sdreamistoendhungeraroundtheworld.So,aftershecreatedseveralgardensinhercommunity,shedecidedtodomore.Shewantedtohelpotherkidscreategardensintheircommunities!Asof2017,7yearsaftershestarted,therearenow83Katie’sKropsgardensgrowingacrosstheUnitedStates!Allofthegardensareledbykidsbetweentheagesof9and16.39.Whatis“somethingspecial”KatiedidatlastinParagraph2？A.Buildingherfirstgarden. B.Givingthecabbageplantfood.CHelpingmominthelocalsoupkitchen. DDonatingthecabbagetopeopleinneed.40.Whorunsthe83gardens?A.Hungrypeoplethere. B.KatieStaglianoherself.C.Teenagersfrom9to16. D.Parentsandschoolstogether.41.Katie’sKrops_______.A.createsalotofjobsforlocalpeople BhasitsownsoupkitchenseverywhereCisnowalloverSouthCarolina.theUS D.helpsfighthungerintheirowncommunities42.Katie’sstorysounds_______.A.encouragingB.relaxingCboringD.tiring體裁記敘文話題愛(ài)心故事詞數(shù)362【主旨大意】所有的一切都始于一株卷心菜——九歲的凱蒂·斯塔利亞諾把菜苗種在了自家的后院里。她給菜苗施肥、澆水，那顆卷心菜長(zhǎng)得巨大無(wú)比，約40磅重。一個(gè)想法在她頭腦中閃過(guò)，凱蒂開(kāi)始專(zhuān)注于為那些挨餓的人種植卷心菜，之后作物覆蓋的范圍越來(lái)越大。在小卷心菜里種出了大慈善。39.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段第一句之后對(duì)somethingspecial做出了解釋說(shuō)明，由第二段第二句可知，她決定捐獻(xiàn)給當(dāng)?shù)氐囊粋€(gè)廚房，幫助薩默維爾社區(qū)的饑餓者。故D選項(xiàng)“將卷心菜捐贈(zèng)給需要的人”符合題意。40.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章最后一句“Allofthegardensareledbykidsbetweentheagesof9and16”可知，所有的菜園都由9~16歲的孩經(jīng)營(yíng)，C選項(xiàng)符合題意。41.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第四段第二句“Katie’sKropsplantsgardenstogrowfoodthatisdonatedtolocalsoupkitchenstofeedthehungry.”可知Katie’sKrops種植食物捐贈(zèng)給當(dāng)?shù)氐膹N房去做湯送給饑餓的人。故選D42.A主旨大意題。通讀這篇文章可知Katie在小卷心菜里種出了大慈善，這樣的故事非常鼓舞人，故選擇A，B(2018山東濰坊)43.Whoplaystheleadingroleinmakingdecisions?A.Cat B.Mara C.Iggy D.Barney44.Theunderlinedword“awesome”probablymeans______.A.awful B.crazy C.nervous D.fantastic45.WhatdoweknowabouttheIslandClub？A.It’sanewplaceforthethreefriends.B.It’soneofthetopclubsofUK.C.Coffeeisalwaysfreethere.D.Iggypreferstoeatthere.體裁應(yīng)用文話題計(jì)劃和打算詞數(shù)200左右【主旨大意】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，展示了CatLakey、MarcBenson和IggyWaters三人群聊的聊天記錄。43.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由聊天記錄最后一條IggyWaters講述的“Ialwayshavethebestideas”知，IggyWaters在決策中起主導(dǎo)作用。選擇C。44.D詞義猜測(cè)題。awful“可怕的”；crazy“瘋狂的”；nervous“緊張的”；fantastic“極好的”。由短文IggyWaters在2:27p.m.的聊天信息“Yeah,mymate…dancemusic”可知，TheIslandClub由非常好的DJ和音樂(lè)舞曲，猜測(cè)awesome和fantastic有同意思，意為“極好的”。45.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由IggyWaters在2:26p.m.的聊天信息“Foundoutaboutanewplacelastnight,checkthisout”可知，TheIslandClub對(duì)于三人來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)新的地方，選擇A。C(2018山東濰坊)Researchersinthe1960sfoundbilingual（雙語(yǔ)的）peoplescoredhigheronintelligence（智力）teststhanmonolinguals—peoplewhospeakonlyonelanguage.Thelateststudiesshowthatbeingbilingualdoesnotnecessarilymakepeoplecleverer,butitprobablydoesmakeyoubetteratcertainskills.Imaginedrivingdownthehighway.Therearemanythingsthatcouldattractyourattentionandyoureallyneedtobeabletowatchallofthem.Whywouldbilingualismmakeyouanybetteratthat？Theansweristhatbilingualpeopleareoftenbetteratcontrollingtheirattention—afunction（功能）calledtheexecutivecontrolsystem.It’squitepossiblythemostimportantsystemwehavebecauseit’swhereallofyourdecisionsaboutwhattoattendto,whattoignore（忽視），whattoprocessaremade.Thebestmethodtomeasure（測(cè)量）theexecutivecontrolsystemiscalledtheStroopTest.Supposeyouwouldhavethewordbluewritteninredbutyouhavetosaythecolourred.But“blue”issoeye-catching,andyoureallywanttosay“blue”.Youneedtoignoreitsothatyoucansaythecolourred.That’stheStroopTest.Bilingualpeoplecontinuallypracticethisfunction.Theyhaveto,becausebothlanguagesareactiveintheirbrainatthesametime.Theyneedtoignoreonetobeabletospeakintheother.Thisexercisemighthelpinotherways,too.Researcherssaybilingualchildrenaremorelikelytohavetrendsfromdifferentcultures.BilingualadultsareoftenfourtofiveyearslaterthanothersindevelopingAlzheimer’sdisease.46.Whatdidtherecentresearchfindaboutbilingualpeople？A.Theycansafelydrivetheircars.B.Theycanwellmanagetheirattention.C.Theycanhaveabettercontrolofimagination.D.Theycaneasilypickoutthecolourstheywant.47.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph4referto？

A.Red.B.Blue.C.Test.DSystem.

48.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph？

A.Bilingualismmaydoharmtopeople’shealth.

BBilingualismhelpschildrenmakemoreforeignfriends.

C.Peoplemustpracticespeakingtwolanguagescontinually.

D.Peopleusemoreactivewordsfromtheirmotherlanguages.

49.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext？

A.HowdoestheStroopTestwork？

B.Whatisexecutivecontrolsystem？

CAremonolingualpeoplesmarter？

DArebilingualpeoplebetteratsomeskills？

體裁說(shuō)明文話題科學(xué)論斷詞數(shù)296【主旨大意】20世界60年代的調(diào)查研究表明精通雙語(yǔ)的人比說(shuō)單一語(yǔ)言的人聰明。最近的研究表明精通雙語(yǔ)的人倒不一定比單一語(yǔ)言的人聰明，但通過(guò)色特魯普實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)精通雙語(yǔ)的人兩種語(yǔ)言在大腦里同時(shí)很活躍，所以他們?cè)谏釛壭畔?、選擇目標(biāo)注意力這一過(guò)程中的執(zhí)行能力更強(qiáng)。精通雙語(yǔ)的孩子理解不同文化的趨勢(shì)更明顯，精通雙語(yǔ)的成年人患阿爾茨海默病(老年癡呆癥)比其他人也會(huì)推遲4、5年的時(shí)間。日常生活中，我們見(jiàn)到或聽(tīng)說(shuō)某人會(huì)幾國(guó)語(yǔ)言的話，自然而然就會(huì)覺(jué)得此人很厲害，會(huì)覺(jué)得這樣的人比較聰明。那么，事實(shí)到底是怎樣的呢？本文給了一個(gè)科學(xué)的答案。最新研究表明，說(shuō)雙語(yǔ)的人不一定比說(shuō)一種語(yǔ)言的人聰明，但是他們的某些技能水平更高。46.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第三段第一句“Theansweristhatbilingualpeopleareoftenbetteratcontrollingtheirattention—afunction（功能）calledtheexecutivecontrolsystem.”知，雙語(yǔ)者更善于控制自己的注意力。選項(xiàng)B正確。47.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。代詞it代指上文出現(xiàn)的單詞或句子，在這句話前面即文章第四段第三句“But“blue”issoeye-catching,andyoureallywanttosay“blue”.”知，這里代指“blue”。48.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“Researcherssaybilingualchildrenaremorelikelytohavetrendsfromdifferentcultures.”知，會(huì)雙語(yǔ)的孩子更有可能有來(lái)自不同文化的趨勢(shì)，這能幫助雙語(yǔ)者結(jié)交更多外國(guó)的朋友，選擇B。49.D主旨大意題。這篇文章主要介紹了雙語(yǔ)者在一些技能上的表現(xiàn)。比如雙語(yǔ)者行為控制系統(tǒng)更優(yōu)秀，能結(jié)交更多外國(guó)的朋友，老年癡呆癥的癥狀這些人身上出現(xiàn)的更晚等。故選擇D。D(2018山東濰坊)

Itseemsthatfooddeliverymen（送貨員）arealwaysinahurry.Theywearblue,redoryellowhelmetsandmanyofthemdon’tfollowtrafficrules.50Theyusemobilephoneswhiledriving.Theserudebehaviorshavecaughtthepublic’sattention.Inthefirsthalfof2017,fooddeliverymenhad76trafficaccidentsinShanghai,accordingtoShanghaiPublicSecurityBureauThatmeanseverytwoandahalfdays,afooddeliverymanwilldieorgethurtontheroad.51Thestrictrulesofthefooddeliveryservicecompaniesandtheanxiouscustomersmaybetheanswer.Manycompanieswillfine（罰款）adeliverymanupto2,000yuan,ifhefailstodeliveranorderontime,reportedChinaDaily.52Tosolvetheproblem,fooddeliveryservicecompaniesneedtoimprovetheirincentivesystems,notedCRIOnline.53Shanghaihasaskedcompaniestotraintheirdeliverymenontrafficrulesandsafety.NowinShenzhen,ifadeliverymangetscaughtbreakingtrafficrulesmorethantwice,thenhewillbebanned（禁止）fromdrivingfoodservicedeliveryvehiclesforawholeyear.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下列選項(xiàng)中選出能填入文中空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

A.Somecitiesarealsotakingaction

B.Whatarethestrictrulesusedfor？

C.Whatmakesdeliverymentakesuchrisks？

DFinesalsogotothosewhogetbadreviewsfromcustomers

E.Theydriveonthewrongsideoftheroadandrunredlights體裁說(shuō)明文話題外賣(mài)快遞員詞數(shù)197【主旨大意】短文以上海市公安局2017年上半年的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)說(shuō)明外賣(mài)快遞員不遵守交通規(guī)則、駕駛過(guò)程中使用手機(jī)、逆行和闖紅燈等行為造成的惡果。短文接下來(lái)分析了導(dǎo)致快遞員發(fā)生這種現(xiàn)象的原因以及解決這些問(wèn)題的措施。(外賣(mài)小哥在送餐過(guò)程中，為了搶時(shí)間，為了多跑幾趟單，多賺點(diǎn)配送費(fèi)，存在車(chē)速過(guò)快、闖紅燈、逆行、不戴安全頭盔等嚴(yán)重的交通違法違規(guī)行為，極容易引發(fā)交通事故，釀成慘禍。讓疾馳的外賣(mài)小哥“慢下來(lái)”需多方努力。)50.E【解析】短文第一段列舉了外賣(mài)小哥在送餐過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)的一些交通違法行為，由空前“manyofthemdon’tfollowtrafficrule”知，許多外賣(mài)小哥不遵守交通規(guī)則，空后列出了不遵守規(guī)則中的一條，即騎車(chē)時(shí)打電話，所以空格處應(yīng)該也是不遵守規(guī)則中的一條，E選項(xiàng)“他們逆行且闖紅燈”填在此處合適。51.C【解析】短文第三段空后一句“Thestrictrulesofthefooddeliveryservicecompaniesandtheanxiouscustomersmaybetheanswer”知，“嚴(yán)格的送餐服務(wù)規(guī)定和焦急等待的顧客給出了答案”，給出了外賣(mài)小哥交通違法的兩個(gè)因素，可知空前應(yīng)該是詢問(wèn)“是什么讓送餐人員冒這樣的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)？”，C選項(xiàng)符合題意。52.D【解析】短文第三段空前一句給出了外賣(mài)小哥被罰款的一個(gè)原因“送餐不及時(shí)”，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，D選項(xiàng)也是關(guān)于罰款的，“如果收到顧客差評(píng)也會(huì)被罰款”符合此空。選擇D。53.A【解析】短文第四段給出了解決這一問(wèn)題的一些措施，空前是“食品配送服務(wù)公司需要改進(jìn)他們的激勵(lì)機(jī)制”，空后列舉了幾個(gè)城市（上海、深圳）的舉措。空格處應(yīng)填寫(xiě)承上啟下的一句，選項(xiàng)A符合題意，also承上，somecitiesaretakingaction啟下。第Ⅱ卷（共47分）五、(2018山東濰坊)詞匯應(yīng)用（共12小題；每小題1分，滿分12分）閱讀下面的短文，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，必要時(shí)可加助動(dòng)詞。IliveinPennsylvania.Itisa1（north）stateofAmerica,whichisthe33rd2（large）stateinAmerica.Youmightknowsomeofthecities,likePhiladelphia,PittsburghandAllentown.ThestatecapitalisHarrisburg.Nowletmetellyoualittlemoreaboutmystate.SeveralIndiantribes（部落）livedinPennsylvaniabefore3（Europe）came.TheDutchcamefirst,4（follow）bySweden.Englandstartedcolonies（殖民地）later.Afterafewfights,they5（take）controloftheland.Pennsylvania6（give）tothePennfamilylater.ThatishowPennsylvaniagotitsname.Pennsylvaniawasthe7（two）tojointhenation.ThecityofPhiladelphia8（be）animportantcitysincethecolonywasfounded.ItwaseventhecapitalofAmerica,too！Today,Pennsylvaniaissometimesregardedasthesnackcapitalofthecountry.Itisfamousforsnacks,likepretzelsandchips,Heinzketchupandsauces.ThereisalsoHershey,whichiswell9（know）asthechocolatecompany.Therearesteelcompaniesinthestate,aswellasalotofcolleges.Thereareplentyofthings10（do）inPennsylvania.Thereareseveralmajorsportsteams.Pennsylvaniahas121stateparks,andtheyallhavefree11（enter）.Huntingispopularhere,too.體裁說(shuō)明文話題地點(diǎn)介紹詞數(shù)256Areyouthinkingabout12（visit）thestate？

【主旨大意】本短文是一篇城市介紹，介紹了賓夕法尼亞州的概況。1.northern【解析】句意：它是美國(guó)北部的一個(gè)州。在句中缺少形容詞本題中缺少形容詞“北方的”，north變?yōu)閚orthern，修飾state.2.largest【解析】句意：美國(guó)第三十三大州。表示三者以上用形容詞的最高級(jí)形式。本句結(jié)構(gòu)是the

+序數(shù)詞+形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+in短語(yǔ)(第幾···)3.Europeans【解析】句意：在歐洲人到來(lái)之前，有幾個(gè)印第安部落住在賓夕法尼亞。表示“歐洲人”用European，又結(jié)合句意，用復(fù)數(shù)形式，所以填寫(xiě)Europeans。4.followed【解析】句意：緊隨其后的是瑞典。根據(jù)上下文知，本句也用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以填過(guò)去式。5.took【解析】句意：經(jīng)過(guò)幾次戰(zhàn)斗，他們控制了這塊土地。由于講述的是歷史，發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，即took。6.wasgiven【解析】句意：賓夕法尼亞后來(lái)被授予Penn家族。主謂語(yǔ)存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)提示用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式。7.second/2nd【解析】句意：賓夕法尼亞是第二個(gè)加入該國(guó)的國(guó)家。表示“第二個(gè)”用序數(shù)詞second。8.hasbeen【解析】句意：自殖民地成立以來(lái)，費(fèi)城一直是一個(gè)重要的城市?！皊incethecolonywasfounded.”知，此處用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)是費(fèi)城，所以填寫(xiě)hasbeen。9.known【解析】句意：也有赫爾希，這是眾所周知的巧克力公司。短語(yǔ)beknownas意為“被認(rèn)為是，;以…著稱”。10.todo【解析】句意：在賓夕法尼亞有很多事情要做。動(dòng)詞不定式表示目的。11.entry/entrance【解析】句意：它們都有免費(fèi)的入口。結(jié)合句子，此處應(yīng)該填寫(xiě)名詞表示“入口”，故填寫(xiě)entry/entrance。12.visiting【解析】句意：你在考慮訪問(wèn)這個(gè)州嗎？介詞后加動(dòng)名詞形式，即填寫(xiě)visiting。六、翻譯句子（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）

用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給的詞或短語(yǔ)，將下列句子翻譯成英語(yǔ)。(2018山東濰坊)

1.那就是李華頭疼的原因。（why）__________________________________2.新圖書(shū)館將會(huì)比舊的大多了。（than）

__________________________________3.韓梅，高個(gè)子，黑色長(zhǎng)發(fā)。（with）

__________________________________4.你最好一回家先做作業(yè)。（assoonas）

__________________________________5.我表姐每周花兩個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間學(xué)京劇。（spend…in…）__________________________________答案：答案基本固定，但允許稍有差異，只要符合句意，無(wú)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤即可得分。每小題中若主要考點(diǎn)有誤，扣1分；其他單詞錯(cuò)誤一個(gè)扣0.5分，扣完為止。1.That’s（thereason）whyLiHuahas（got）/gets/suffersfromaheadache.2.Thenewlibrarywillbemuchbiggerthantheoldone.3.HanMeiistall/atallgirlwithlongblackhair.4.You’dbetterdoyourhomeworkfirstassoonasyoucome（back）/get/arrivehome.5.MycousinspendstwohoursinlearningBeijingOperaevery/eachweek.七、閱讀表達(dá)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）

閱讀下面的短文，根據(jù)短文后的要求答題。(2018山東濰坊)

Sometimesitmayseemthatwhatyouarelearningatschoolwillbeofnouseinthefuture.Itmayseemthatyou’rewastingyourlifeaway.Butyouwillbesurprisedtofindhowmuchofwhatyoulearntatschoolishelpfultoyouoneday.Threepeoplewereaskedwhattheyfoundusefulatschool,andtheirthoughtsaresharedbelow.

WhenIusedtoaskmyteacherhowtospellsomething,sheoftensaid,Idon’tknow.Thenshewouldtakeoutthedictionaryandlookitup.Shewasnotashamedtosaythatshedidn’tknowtheanswer.Ilearnttwothings.Youdon’thavetoknow______;andifyoudon’tknowhowtospellsomething,justgetthedictionaryout.Bothareveryusefullessons!JohnRingBicester,UnitedKingdomInschool,youalsolearntodealwithlifeingeneral.Littlemistakescanseemtobeveryserious.Wearthewrongclothesanditseemsthateveryoneislaughingatyou.Gettooclosetoaboytoofastandeveryonetalksaboutyou.Youwanttogointoaholeanddie!Butthetruthisthatlifegoeson.Youmightfeelthatwhatyoudid"wrong"willnevereverbeforgotten.However,ifyoucanbebraveandkeepon,youwillfindthatwhateverhappenedwillpassandyouwillstarttoenjoylifeagain.LindseySmithBoston,UnitedStatesWebadaclasscalledGuidanceandinitwelearntaboutmakinggooddecisionsinlife.Ifounditprettyboringanddidn'tpaymuchattention.Onedaytheteachermadeusguesswhichappliance(家電)weshouldbuyfirstoncewehadourownhomes.Theanswerwasafridge.IlearntthatitwastrueonceIhadmyownplace.ThefirstdayIboughtsomechickenmeat.BydinnertimeitsmelledandIcouldn'teveneatit!Myhousematean