2023屆湖南省邵陽市高三上學期第一次聯(lián)考（一模）英語試題（ 含答案解析 ）

第1頁/共1頁2023年邵陽市高三第一次聯(lián)考試題卷英語本試卷8頁。滿分150分?？荚嚂r間120分鐘。注意事項:1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、班級、考號填寫在答題卡上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡上“條形碼粘貼區(qū)”。2.作答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆在答題卡上對應題目選項的答案信息點涂黑;如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應位置上;如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新答案;不準使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無效。4.保持答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，只交答題卡，試題卷自行保存。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Wherewillthemanprobablybeat3:00?A.Athome.B.Atthedentist’soffice.C.Onhisbed.2.Whydidn’tthemancallthewomanback?A.Hedidn’treceivethemessage.B.Hislosthisphone.C.Hewastoobusy.3.Whenisthebooktobesigned?A.ThisSunday.B.NextSaturday.C.NextMonday.4.Whatdoesthemanlikebetter?A.Thenightsky.B.Thefreshair.C.Theeveningclouds.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Thewomancan’tfindabetterprice.B.Thewomanshouldn’twearshortjeans.C.Thewomancan’treturnthejeans.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdothespeakerswanttodothisweekend?A.Goforahike.B.Gotothemall.C.Gotothebeach.7.WhatistheweatherlikeinthisseasoninCalifornia?A.Itchangesoften.B.Italwaysstayswarm.C.Itisgettingcoldernow.聽下面一段對話，回答第8、9題。8.Whenwillthespeakers’vacationbeover?AIntwodays.B.Infivedays.C.Inaweek.9.Howdoesthewomanwanttogettothecountryside?A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bycar.聽下面一段對話，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdayisittoday?A.Monday.B.Wednesday.C.Saturday.11.Whatcanbeknownabouttheman?A.Heworksveryhard.B.Heisoftenlateforwork.C.Hedoesn’thaveaclock.12.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Gotobedearly.B.Leavehisjobatonce.C.Buyaclock.聽下面一段對話，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthemandoing?A.Checkingintoahotel.B.Makingahotelreservation.C.Tryingtofindaplaceforsmoking.14.Howmuchwillthemanpayforhisstay?A.$300.B.$1,200.C.$1,500.15.Whatcanbeknownabouttheman?A.Hedoesn’tsmoke.B.Heisn’tsatisfiedwiththereservation.C.Hecaresaboutthehigherroomprices.16.What’sthewoman?A.Ashopper.B.Aguide.C.Areceptionist.聽下面一段獨白，回答第17至20題。17.HowmanyhotelsdidDisneyWorldhavewhenitjustopened?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.18.WhatisthemostpopularthingfortravelerstodoatDisneyWorld?A.Playinggolf.B.Goingtothewaterpark.C.VisitingtheMagicKingdom.19.WhendidDisneylandopen?A.In1955.B.In1971.C.In1975.20.Whatcanbeknownfromthepassage?A.DisneyWorldislocatedinSouthernCalifornia.B.PeoplecanplayfootballinDisneyWorld.C.DisneyWorldisthemostpopularintheworld.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ASpecialFoodPlacestoTryInSingaporeIt’sanunpleasantfactthatlocalfoodplacesareusuallymeanttocatertomeat-eaters.Itcanbedifficulttofindatastyfoodplacethatcaterstomeat-freediet.Herearesomeoptionstoshowyoudon’tneedmeatforasatisfactorytreat.VeganBurgVeganBurghasasurprisinglydiverserangeofplant-basedburgers.FromHawaiianTeriyakitoChar-GrilledSatay,themenupromisestotempteventhemosthardcoremeatlovers.Andthat’snotevengettingintotheadd-onsandsidesitoffers,suchasmushroomfriesandbarbecuepotatoes.WoodsSquareTower,#01-06,Singapore737737GenesisRestaurantThiseateryprovesthatmeat-freedishescanbeasheartyandflavourfulastheirmeat-basedcounterparts.GenesisRestaurantisespeciallyknownforitsjuicydumplings,springrolls,pork-freenoodlesandtofucheesecake.HavelockRoad,#B1-01,Singapore059763WellSmoochtCollectiveWellSmoochtisacafeanddessertbarwhichspecialisesinplant-basedicecream.Madefrombrownrice,sugarcanejuiceandfruitsornutbutters,Smoocht’sricecream,astheycallit,comesinawidevarietyofdeliciousflavourssuchasEarlGreyLavender,RoseCoconutandGulaMelaka.SinMingCentre,#01-03,Singapore575628GreenCommonThisone-stopplant-basedeateryandmarketplacehasadeliciousmenuofmouth-wateringmeat-freedishes,fromJapanesecuisinelikesushiandmisoglazedfillettoWesterndisheslikefishlesstacosandpasta,aswellaslocalfavouritessuchasseafoodlaksaandevenbuahkeluakrice.HarbourFrontWalk,#169-170,Singapore0985851.Whoisthepassageintendedfor?A.Thosewhowanttoloseweight.B.Thosewhodon’teatmeatorfish.C.Thosewhocan’tgowithoutmeat.D.Thosewhopreferhome-madefood.2.WhatisGenesisRestaurantfamousfor?A.Chinese-friendlyfood.B.Plant-basedburgers.C.Plant-basedice-cream.D.Japaneseseafood.3.Whereshouldyougoifyouhaveasweettooth?A.WoodsSquareTower,#01-06.B.HavelockRoad,#B1-01.C.SinMingCentre,#01-03.D.HarbourFrontWalk,#169-170.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了新加坡的素食美食。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Itcanbedifficulttofindatastyfoodplacethatcaterstomeat-freediet.Herearesomeoptionstoshowyoudon’tneedmeatforasatisfactorytreat.(很難找到一個迎合無肉飲食的美食場所。這里有一些選擇，告訴你不需要吃肉就能得到令人滿意的款待)”可推知，這篇文章是寫給那些不吃肉或魚的人的。故選B。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GenesisRestaurant部分中的“GenesisRestaurantisespeciallyknownforitsjuicydumplings,springrolls,pork-freenoodlesandtofucheesecake.(GenesisRestaurant尤其以其多汁的餃子、春卷、無豬肉面和豆腐芝士蛋糕而聞名)”可知，GenesisRestaurant以中餐聞名。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WellSmoochtCollective部分中的“WellSmoochtisacafeanddessertbarwhichspecialisesinplant-basedicecream..(WellSmoocht是一家專營植物性冰淇淋的咖啡館和甜品吧)”及“SinMingCentre,#01-03,Singapore575628”可知，如果你喜歡吃甜食，你應該去SinMingCentre,#01-03。故選C。BTheColorado8-year-oldwillsetoutTuesdaytobecometheyoungestpersontoreachthetopofElCapitaninCalifornia’sYosemiteNationalPark.Hewillclimbtherockfacewiththehelpofthehangingropes.Thejourneyisexpectedtotakefourdays“ofhangingfromyourfingersorhangingfromyouranchors(錨),”Sam’sdadJoeBakertoldCNN’sFredrickaWhitfieldonSunday.They’llcamponenightonthetopofElCapitan.SamandJoeBakerwillclimbinafour-personteam.ItisaClass5climb,thehighestandmostdifficultofclassifications.Theroutesareforexpertclimberswhotrainregularlyandhavealotofnaturalability.“SamhasbeentrainingtotakeonElCapitaneverydayforthelastatleast18months,”hisfathersaid.Inadditiontophysicaltraining,planninghowmuchequipment-including200poundsofwater-totakeforthedaylonghikeisamongthechallenges.“Youcan’tjustturnonthewater,”Joesaid.“Youhavetocarryitwithyou.”WhilemakingittothetopofElCapitanwouldsetrecords,that’snotSam’smotivationforattemptingtheclimb.“I’mmostexcitedtoclimbwithDaddy,”SamtoldCNN.Hangingfromtherockfacethousandsoffeetintheair,theclimberswilldineonlasagna(意面)theycookfromlittlepacketsonagasstove.Samisalsoplanningamovienightwhilepausingfromthesideoftherock.Inadditiontohisclimbingaccomplishments,Samisgettingreallygoodatchess,soatravelchesssetwillbealongfortheclimbtoo.Asidefromthelasagna,watchingamovieandplayingchess,Samsaid“gettingtothetop”ishisfavoritepartofclimbing.Joeandhiswifefellinlovewhileclimbing,andSamdidwellinaclimbingharness(背帶)“beforehecouldwalk”.Whenhewas6,SamtookonLostArrowSpire,athree-pitchclimbthatstarts2,500feetaboveYosemiteValley.Onlyoneother6-year-old-world-classprofessionalclimberTommyCaldwell,hadeverdoneit.4.WhatmotivatedSamtoclimbElCapitan?A.Companionshipofhisfather. B.Appealingawardsforwinning.C.Highrequirementsforclimbing. D.Encouragementfromteammates.5.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Sam’sadvantagesasaclimber.B.DifficultiesSamwillencounter.C.Sam’shobbiesbesidesclimbing.D.ThingsSamwilldowhileclimbing.6.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.PlayinggamesiswhatSamlikebest.B.SamBakerwasbornintoaclimbingfamily.C.Theteamhassuccessfullyaccomplishedtheclimbing.D.SamBakerwastheonlychildfinishingLostArrowSpire.7.WhatkindofaboyisSam?A.Politeandmodest. B.Braveanddependent.C.Giftedandhard-working. D.Naughtyandcooperative.【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文?？屏_拉多州的8歲Sam將于周二出發(fā)，成為登上加利福尼亞州約塞米蒂國家公園ElCapitan山頂?shù)淖钅贻p的人?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段““I’mmostexcitedtoclimbwithDaddy,”SamtoldCNN.(“我最興奮的是和爸爸一起爬山，”Sam告訴CNN。)”可知，Sam爬山的動力來自父親的陪伴。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“Hangingfromtherockfacethousandsoffeetintheair,theclimberswilldineonlasagna(意面)theycookfromlittlepacketsonagasstove.Samisalsoplanningamovienightwhilepausingfromthesideoftherock.Inadditiontohisclimbingaccomplishments,Samisgettingreallygoodatchess,soatravelchesssetwillbealongfortheclimbtoo.(登山者們懸掛在數(shù)千英尺高的巖壁上，吃著他們在煤氣爐上用小袋子煮的意面。Sam也在計劃一個電影之夜，同時從巖石的一側(cè)停下來。除了攀巖的成就，Sam還非常擅長下棋，所以他也會帶一套旅行象棋。)”可知，本段講述了爬山過程中Sam要做的三件事：吃面、看電影和下棋。故選D。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Joeandhiswifefellinlovewhileclimbing,andSamdidwellinaclimbingharness(背帶)“beforehecouldwalk”.(Joe和他的妻子在登山時墜入愛河，Sam在“還不會走路”之前就已經(jīng)很好地戴上了登山背帶。)”可推斷，Sam出生在爬山之家。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“SamhasbeentrainingtotakeonElCapitan“everydayforthelastatleast18months,”hisfathersaid.(“在過去的至少18個月里，Sam每天都在訓練爬酋長巖，”他的父親說。)”可推斷，Sam很刻苦。根據(jù)最后一段“Samdidwellinaclimbingharness(背帶)“beforehecouldwalk”.(Sam在“還不會走路”之前就已經(jīng)很好地戴上了登山背帶。)”可推斷，他有天賦。故選C。CInrecenttimes,withtheadventofelectriccars,theideatofuelthemwithsolarenergyalsogainedmomentum.Electriccars—eventhoughtheyrunonelectricityanddon’tusefossilfuels—arestillNOTGREEN!Peoplesufferfromthemisconceptionthatnotusingfossilfuelmeans“green”whichiskindofabsurd,consideringtheelectricityweuseisgeneratedbyburningtheverysamefuels!However,whatifyourcarhadsolarpanelsthatcouldchargeit?Nowthatwouldindeedbeagreenmachine!Basically,asmuchaswewouldliketoincorporatethisenergysourceintoourcar,theefficiencyofthecurrentlyusedsolarpanelsissubjecttothefulfillmentofdifferentcriteria.Firstly,solarpanelsoccupyalargeamountofarea.Anaveragecarhasanareaof10-25sq.ft.ontheroof.whichcangeneratebetween50-150Wunderidealconditions.Thisishardlyenoughpowertoilluminatealightbulb!Also,moderatesunnytemperatureneedstobeideal,asextremelyhightemperaturescanreducetheefficiencyofthesolarpanels.Carsmustworkinallweatherconditions,soifasolarpanellimitsthecar’sfunctionality,itbecomespracticallyuseless.Moreimportantly,thecostofthepanelsanddevelopmentrequiredtopowertheelectronicsusingthesun’senergyoutweighsthebenefitsthatsolarpanelsprovide.Mostcarstodaythathavesolarroofs,usethesolarenergytopoweronlyafewbasicfunctionsofthecar.Whilethereisstilltimebeforewewillbeabletodrivecarsfullypoweredbysolarenergy,therearesomealternatives,suchassolarpowerstations,whicharebeingdesignedtoreduceourrelianceonfossilfuelsforelectricity.Solar-poweredvehiclesaresurelythefuture,butnotthenearfuture.Asthecostofsolarpanelscontinuestofallandtheirefficiencyincreases,thingswillbegintolookmuch“brighter”forthisalternativeandsustainableoption!8.Whyaren’telectriccarsenvironmentallyfriendly?A.Theywon’tworkaswellasthecommoncars.B.Theyarenotpoweredbysolarenergy.C.Theyrunonelectricityproducedbyburningfuels.D.Theycausemorepollutiontotheworld.9.Whatcanwelearnfromthethirdparagraph?A.Temperatureshavelittleeffectonsolarpanels.B.Poweringtheelectronicscostslittle.C.Acar’sroofgeneratesenoughpowertolightabulb.D.Theperformanceofcurrentsolarpanelsdependsonvariousfactors.10.Whatcanweinferaboutsolarenergyinthecarindustry?A.Mostcarshavesolarroofs.B.Carscanbecurrentlypoweredfromsolarpowerstations.C.Carspartlypoweredbysolarenergyareontheroad.D.Solarcarswillsoonbeavailable.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Whatdosolarcarslooklike?B.Whydon’twepowerthecarwithsolarenergy?C.Howdosolarcarswork?D.Couldsolarcarsreplacetheelectriccars?【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹目前的電動汽車雖不使用化石燃料，但仍然不是綠色的。目前使用的太陽能電池板的效率取決于是否滿足不同的標準?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Peoplesufferfromthemisconceptionthatnotusingfossilfuelmeans“green”whichiskindofabsurd,consideringtheelectricityweuseisgeneratedbyburningtheverysamefuels!”（人們有一種誤解，認為不使用化石燃料就意味著“綠色”，這是一種荒謬的想法，因為我們使用的電力是通過燃燒同樣的燃料產(chǎn)生的!）可知，為什么電動汽車不環(huán)保是它們靠燃燒燃料產(chǎn)生的電力運轉(zhuǎn)。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Firstly,solarpanelsoccupyalargeamountofarea.”（首先，太陽能電池板占據(jù)了大量的面積。）和“Also,moderatesunnytemperatureneedstobeideal,asextremelyhightemperaturescanreducetheefficiencyofthesolarpanels.”（此外，溫和的陽光溫度需要是理想的，因為極高的溫度會降低太陽能電池板的效率。）以及“Moreimportantly,thecostofthepanelsanddevelopmentrequiredtopowertheelectronicsusingthesun’senergyoutweighsthebenefitsthatsolarpanelsprovide.”（更重要的是，利用太陽能為電子設備供電所需的電池板成本和開發(fā)成本超過了太陽能電池板提供的好處。）可知，目前太陽能電池板的性能取決于多方面的因素。故選D。【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Whilethereisstilltimebeforewewillbeabletodrivecarsfullypoweredbysolarenergy,therearesomealternatives,suchassolarpowerstations,whicharebeingdesignedtoreduceourrelianceonfossilfuelsforelectricity.”（雖然我們還需要一段時間才能駕駛完全由太陽能驅(qū)動的汽車，但仍有一些替代品，如太陽能發(fā)電站，其目的是減少我們對化石燃料的電力依賴。）可知，目前，汽車可以由太陽能發(fā)電站提供動力。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Solar-poweredvehiclesaresurelythefuture,butnotthenearfuture.Asthecostofsolarpanelscontinuestofallandtheirefficiencyincreases,thingswillbegintolookmuch“brighter”forthisalternativeandsustainableoption!”（太陽能汽車肯定是未來，但不是不久的將來。隨著太陽能電池板的成本持續(xù)下降，其效率不斷提高，對于這種替代性和可持續(xù)性的選擇，情況將開始變得更加“光明”?。┛芍?，主要介紹目前的電動汽車雖不使用化石燃料，但仍然不是綠色的。目前使用的太陽能電池板的效率取決于是否滿足不同的標準可知，D項“太陽能汽車能取代電動汽車嗎?”為短文最佳標題。故選D。DSchoolchildrenacrosstheUnitedKingdomwilllearnhowtofendoffloneliness.InJanuary,BritishPrimeMinisterTheresaMayappointedthefirst“ministerofloneliness”.Thisweek,heradministrationreleasedan84plandetailingtheactionsitwilltaketopreventloneliness.Startinginprimaryschool,studentswillhavelessonsin“relationshipseducation”.TheBrighamYoungUniversitypsychologistJulianneHolt-Lunstad,oneoftheforemostscholarsonlonelinessintheUnitedStates,warnsthattheU.S.hasasignificantlonelinessproblemofitsownandthatschoolsdesperatelyneedtofollowtheU.K.’sleadandincludepreventivemeasuresintotheirlessons.Indeed,accordingtoarecentreportbythehealth-carecompanyCigna,nearlyhalfofadultsintheU.S.reportedfeelingalone.Marriageratesandreligious-participationratesarealsodroppingandbothareriskfactorsforsocialisolationandloneliness.Theprevalence(普遍)oflonelinessseemstobeespeciallyacuteamongyoungadults.OnestudyfoundthatAmericansaged21to30reportedfeelinglonelytwiceasmanydaysasadultsaged50to70.Studiessuggestlonelinessresultsinavarietyofhealthissues,suchasdecreasedimmunitytoviralinfections,poorsleep,andcardiovascular(心血管的)issues．Theidealschoolcurriculum(課程)forteachinglonelinesspreventionwouldtargetsocialisolationaswellasthecognitiveprocessesthatmakepeoplefeellonely.“Recognizingthatit’ssomethingthatweneedtotakeseriouslyforourhealthisaprimaryandcriticalstep,”Holt-Lunstadsays.Sheadvocatesforasortof“socialeducation”thatwouldbeputintoexistinghealth-educationcurriculumtoteachstudentshowtobuildandmaintainfriendshipsandrelationships.12.HowdoesHolt-LunstadfindthelonelinessproblemintheUnitedStates？A.Itisnotseriousandeasytodealwith.B.Itisseriousandneedsmeasurestocontrol.C.ItisnotasseriousasintheUnitedKingdom.D.ItismoreseriousthanitisintheUnitedKingdom.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“acute”inparagraph3probablymean？A.Popular. B.Average. C.Severe. D.Frequent.14.Whatresultmaylonelinesscause？A.Poorsleep. B.Higherreligious-participationrates.C.Lowermarriagerates. D.Increasedimmunitytoviralinfections.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？A.FindingtheCauseofLoneliness.B.LearningtoFightLonelinessatSchool.C.Loneliness—theCauseofManyHealthProblems.D.Loneliness—aSeriousProbleminModernSociety.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。孤獨成為了一個嚴重的問題，英美國家將在學校開設相關課程教學生們?nèi)绾伪３钟颜x，克服孤獨?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“TheBrighamYoungUniversitypsychologistJulianneHolt-Lunstad,oneoftheforemostscholarsonlonelinessintheUnitedStates,warnsthattheU.S.hasasignificantlonelinessproblemofitsownandthatschoolsdesperatelyneedtofollowtheU.K.’sleadandincludepreventivemeasuresintotheirlessons.(楊伯翰大學心理學家JulianneHoltLunstad是美國最孤獨的學者之一，他警告說，美國有一個嚴重的孤獨問題，學校迫切需要遵循英國的領導，并將預防措施納入到他們的課程中)”可知，HoltLunstad認為美國自己也存在孤獨這一問題，并且需要采取措施來應對。故選B。【13題詳解】詞句猜測題。由劃線詞下文“OnestudyfoundthatAmericansaged21to30reportedfeelinglonelytwiceasmanydaysasadultsaged50to70.(一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，21至30歲的美國人感到孤獨的天數(shù)是50至70歲成年人的兩倍)”可知，孤獨在年輕人中更普遍，更嚴重。由此推知，線詞意為“嚴重的”。故選C。【14題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“Studiessuggestlonelinessresultsinavarietyofhealthissues,suchasdecreasedimmunitytoviralinfections,poorsleep,andcardiovascular(心血管的)issues.(研究表明，孤獨會導致多種健康問題，如病毒感染免疫力下降、睡眠不良和心血管問題)”可知，孤獨會導致睡眠質(zhì)量差。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其第一段“SchoolchildrenacrosstheUnitedKingdomwilllearnhowtofendoffloneliness.InJanuary,BritishPrimeMinisterTheresaMayappointedthefirst“ministerofloneliness”.Thisweek,heradministrationreleasedan84plandetailingtheactionsitwilltaketopreventloneliness.Startinginprimaryschool,studentswillhavelessonsin“relationshipseducation”.(英國的學童將學習如何抵御孤獨。今年1月，英國首相特蕾莎·梅任命了首位“孤獨大臣”。本周，她的政府發(fā)布了一份84頁的計劃，詳細說明了將采取哪些行動來防止孤獨。從小學開始，學生們將學習“關系教育”課程)”可知，文章介紹孤獨成為了一個嚴重的問題，英美國家將在學校開設相關課程教學生如何保持友誼，克服孤獨。由此可知，B項“在學校學習如何戰(zhàn)勝孤獨”可以作為本文最佳標題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Haveyouevercomplainedthattherejustaren’tenoughhoursinaday?Doyouusuallyfindyourselffallingshortontimeincompletingassignedtasks?____16____NomatterhowhardItried,tasksjustkeptpilinguptowardstheendeverydayanditbecameextremelydifficulttostayproductive.Inspiteoftryingallkindsoffreeandpaidto-doapps,nothinghelped.Thatdidn’tchangeuntilIdiscoveredthetimemanagementtechniquecalledTimeBlocking.Sincethen,IhavebeenabletotransformmydailyscheduleforthebetterwiththehelpofTimeBlocking.____17____Itisasimpletimemanagementtechniquewhereyouscheduleyourdaysuchthatitisdividedintotimeblocksthatarededicatedtospecifictasksorgroupsoftasks.____18____Imaginethatyouhaveadozenorsotasksthatyouwanttofinishworkingontomorrow.Youopenyourto-doappofchoiceandneatlylistdowneverythingthatyouplantodo,andthenplotsomeimportantmeetingsandremindersinyourcalendarapp.____19____Themorespecificyouareaboutthetask,themorefocusedandproductiveyouwillbeandthus,moreproductive.____20____Itnotonlymakesyourto-dolistmoremanageable,butalsoitgivesyoumorecontroloveryourdayandhelpsyouprioritizeyourtasks.Italsoimprovesyourfocusandhelpsgetridofprocrastination(拖延癥),asitallowsyoutofocusononeprojectatatime.A.Sowhatisitexactly?B.Iseveryoneinterestedinit?C.Iusedtobeinthesameboat.D.ThebenefitsofTimeBlockingaresubstantial.E.Let’sfurtherexplaintheconceptinanotherway.F.You’llencountercountlessquestionsliketheseinyourlife.G.You’llneedtobeveryspecificaboutthetimeandwhatyou’replanningtodo.【答案】16.C17.A18.E19.G20.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一種時間管理技巧——時間保護法（TimeBlocking）?！?6題詳解】前文“Haveyouevercomplainedthattherejustaren’tenoughhoursinaday?Doyouusuallyfindyourselffallingshortontimeincompletingassignedtasks?（你是否曾經(jīng)抱怨過一天的時間不夠用？你是否經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不能按時完成分配給你的任務？）”向讀者提出兩個關于時間分配方面的問題，后文“NomatterhowhardItried,tasksjustkeptpilinguptowardstheendeverydayanditbecameextremelydifficulttostayproductive.（無論我多么努力，每天的任務總是堆積如山，要保持高效率變得極其困難。）”講述作者自己在時間分配上的處境，C項“Iusedtobeinthesameboat.（我以前也是這樣。）”符合語境，承上啟下，從前文過渡到后文。故選C?！?7題詳解】前文“Thatdidn’tchangeuntilIdiscoveredthetimemanagementtechniquecalledTimeBlocking.Sincethen,IhavebeenabletotransformmydailyscheduleforthebetterwiththehelpofTimeBlocking.（直到我發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種叫做“時間保護”的時間管理技巧，這種情況才有所改變。從那以后，我已經(jīng)能夠在時間保護的幫助下更好地改變我的日常計劃。）”引入時間保護“TimeBlocking”這一概念，后文的段落開始具體介紹這一概念，A項“Sowhatisitexactly?（那么它到底是什么呢？）”符合語境，承上啟下，自然引出后文內(nèi)容，其中的“it”指代前文的“TimeBlocking”。故選A?！?8題詳解】前文“Itisasimpletimemanagementtechniquewhereyouscheduleyourdaysuchthatitisdividedintotimeblocksthatarededicatedtospecifictasksorgroupsoftasks.（這是一種簡單的時間管理技巧，你可以把你的一天安排成專門用于特定任務或任務組的時間段。）”解釋了TimeBlocking這一概念，后文“Imaginethatyouhaveadozenorsotasksthatyouwanttofinishworkingontomorrow.Youopenyourto-doappofchoiceandneatlylistdowneverythingthatyouplantodo,andthenplotsomeimportantmeetingsandremindersinyourcalendarapp.（想象一下，你有一打左右的任務，你想在明天完成。你打開你選擇的待辦事項應用程序，整齊地列出你計劃做的所有事情，然后在你的日歷應用程序中安排一些重要的會議和提醒。）”設想了具體應用該概念的情景，E項“Let’sfurtherexplaintheconceptinanotherway.（讓我們以另一種方式進一步解釋這個概念。）”符合語境，承上啟下，自然過渡到后文的具體解釋。故選E?！?9題詳解】后文“Themorespecificyouareaboutthetask,themorefocusedandproductiveyouwillbeandthus,moreproductive.（你的任務越具體，你的注意力就越集中，效率也就越高。）”說明了任務的具體程度和注意力、效率的關系，G項“You’llneedtobeveryspecificaboutthetimeandwhatyou’replanningtodo.（你需要非常具體地說明時間和你計劃做什么。）”符合語境，自然引出后文，其中的“specific”與后文內(nèi)容呼應。故選G?！?0題詳解】空處位于段首，是段落主旨句，需概括段落內(nèi)容。后文“Itnotonlymakesyourto-dolistmoremanageable,butalsoitgivesyoumorecontroloveryourdayandhelpsyouprioritizeyourtasks.Italsoimprovesyourfocusandhelpsgetridofprocrastination(拖延癥),asitallowsyoutofocusononeprojectatatime.（它不僅使你的待辦事項清單更易于管理，而且還能讓你更好地控制你的一天，幫助你優(yōu)先考慮你的任務。它還能提高你的注意力，幫助你擺脫拖延癥，因為它能讓你一次專注于一個項目。）”具體介紹了時間保護這一策略的好處，D項“ThebenefitsofTimeBlockingaresubstantial.（時間保護的好處是巨大的。）”符合語境，可概括段落內(nèi)容。故選D。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。IbelieveIhaveapersonaldutytomakeapositiveimpactonsociety.I’vetriedto____21____thisgoalbychoosingacareerinpublicservice.Asaphysician____22____thechallengeofinfectiousdiseases,Iconsidermyjobagift,whichallowsmetohelpeasethesufferingofhumankind.Ihavethreeprinciplesto____23____mylife,whichIalwaysthinkabout.Firstly,Ihaveastrongthirstfor____24____.IthinkIwillneverknowasmuchasI____25____.Thisiswhatkeepsthe____26____ofknowledgehot.AnditiswhyIwoulddomyjobeverydayevenifIcannotgethighincome.Secondly,Ibelieveinfightingfor____27____.Isweatoverallthestuff,withoutfeeling____28____forit.Oneofthebyproductsofbeingaperfectionistisanxiety.Butthisanxietycreatesa____29____tensionthatdrivesmetofulfillmylimitedpotential.Thirdly,Ibelievethatmygoaltobeaphysicianisto_____30_____humankind.Ihavespentmy_____31_____onpublicservice.Mostofitinvolvedresearch,thecareof_____32_____andthepublichealthpolicyonAIDS.Ithink,tocontrolthisterribledisease_____33_____,Imustbeguidedbytheseprinciples:continuallythirstingforknowledge,acceptingnothing_____34_____ofexcellenceandknowingthatthe_____35_____ofsocietyismoreimportantthanmygains.21.A.find B.ignore C.change D.accomplish22.A.combiningwith B.comparingwith C.agreeingwith D.dealingwith23.A.form B.check C.guide D.prove24.A.power B.knowledge C.adventure D.evidence25.A.want B.promise C.admit D.refuse26.A.pursuit B.excuse C.recovery D.necessity27.A.agreement B.balance C.excellence D.fairness28.A.embarrassed B.curious C.amused D.regretful29.A.common B.healthy C.serious D.harmful30.A.employ B.introduce C.unite D.serve31.A.reputation B.career C.doubt D.luck32.A.children B.elders C.patients D.students33.A.randomly B.occasionally C.successfully D.immediately34.A.full B.short C.worthy D.typical35.A.good B.standard C.variety D.arrival【答案】21.D22.D23.C24.B25.A26.A27.C28.D29.B30.D31.B32.C33.C34.B35.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章介紹了身為流行病醫(yī)生的作者為了對社會產(chǎn)生積極影響，一直踐行著三條指導生活的原則。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我通過選擇公共服務的職業(yè)努力達到這個目標。A.find發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.ignore忽視；C.change改變；D.accomplish達成。根據(jù)上文“IbelieveIhaveapersonaldutytomakeapositiveimpactonsociety.”可推知，作者想要對社會做出積極的影響，因此選擇公共衛(wèi)生服務方面的職業(yè)來達成這個目標。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：作為一名應對傳染病挑戰(zhàn)的醫(yī)生，我認為我的工作是一份禮物，它使我能夠幫助減輕人類的痛苦。A.combiningwith結(jié)合；B.comparingwith比較；C.agreeingwith同意，與……一致；D.dealingwith處理，應對。根據(jù)下文“whichallowsmetohelpeasethesufferingofhumankind”可知，作者的職業(yè)能夠減輕人類的痛苦，因此是應對傳染病挑戰(zhàn)的醫(yī)生。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我有三個原則來指導我的生活，我總是考慮著它們。A.form形成；B.cheek檢查；C.guide指導；D.prove證明。根據(jù)下文“Imustbeguidedbytheseprinciples”可推知，作者用三個原則來指導自己的生活。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：首先，我有強烈的求知欲。A.power權力；B.knowledge知識；C.adventure冒險；D.evidence證據(jù)。根據(jù)下文“Thisiswhatkeepsthe____6____ofknowledgehot.”可推知，作者總是有很強的求知欲。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我想我永遠不會知道我想要的那么多。A.want想要；B.promise許諾；C.admit承認；D.refuse拒絕。根據(jù)下文“Thisiswhatkeepsthe____6____ofknowledgehot.”可知，作者對知識的追求始終熱切，因此是認為自己絕沒有知道想要的那么多的知識。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是保持對知識追求的原因。A.pursuit追求；B.excuse借口；C.recovery恢復；D.necessity必需品。根據(jù)下文“AnditiswhyIwoulddomyjobeverydayevenifIcannotgethighincome.”可知，作者每天都在做工作，因此是保持對知識的追求。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：其次，我相信追求卓越。A.agreement協(xié)議；B.balance平衡；C.excellence卓越；D.fairness公平。根據(jù)下文“Oneofthebyproductsofbeingaperfectionistisanxiety.”可推知，作者力求做到完美，追求卓越。故選C。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我為所有事情流汗，但并不為此感到后悔。A.embarrassed尷尬的；B.curious好奇的；C.amused覺得好笑的；D.regretful后悔的。根據(jù)下文“Oneofthebyproductsofbeingaperfectionistisanxiety.”可知，作者追求完美，因此不會因為為所有的事情流汗出力而感到后悔。故選D。【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但這種焦慮產(chǎn)生了一種健康的緊張感，驅(qū)使我發(fā)揮自己有限的潛能。A.common通常的；B.healthy健康的；C.serious嚴肅的；D.harmful有害的。根據(jù)下文“thatdrivesmetofulfillmylimitedpotential”可推知，這種緊張感是健康的。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：第三，我認為我成為一名醫(yī)生的目標是為人類服務。A.employ雇傭；B.introduce介紹；C.unite團結(jié)；D.serve服務。根據(jù)上文“Iconsidermyjobagift,whichallowsmetohelpeasethesufferingofhumankind”可知，作者認為自己的工作能為人類減輕痛苦，因此是為人類服務。故選D?！?1題