輕松學(xué)英語之圖文英語

Contents

JULYi?3..................................................-2-

JULY5,6...................................................-19-

JULY7.8...................................................-30-

JULY9,10..................................................-42-

JULY12,13...............................................-53-

JULY14,15...............................................-63-

JULY16,17...............................................-75-

JULY19......................................................-86-

JULY20,21..............................................-91-

JULY22?24...........................................-102-

JULY26....................................................-117-

JULY27....................................................-123-

JULY28,29...........................................-129-

JULY30,31...........................................-139-

July1?3MEDIUM

Travel

MackinacIsland

唯「馬」獨(dú)尊的島嶼

Aplacewherehorsepowertakesonanewmeaning

Discoverthehistoryandhorsesofthissmall

islandinMichigan

一探密西根州小島的歷史及馬匹

byRuthDevlin

Imagineavacationwhereyoucan

sitquietlyonabigporchandlook

outoverbluewater.Imagineno

loudenginesorcarhornsinterrupting

thatquiet.Instead,theclip-clopof

horses'hoovesfi\\syourears.You'll

findthatonl^ackmacIsland,AAich.

LocatedinLakeHuronoffthecoast

ofnorthernMichigan,the3.8-square-mileisland

isaccessibleonlybyboatorplane.Itslocation

madeitattractivefirsttoNativeAmericansand

thentoEuropeans.

Missionariesandfurtradersarrivedinthe17th

century.Intime,BritishandthenAmerican

soldierswerealsopostedhzrz.

Inthe19thcentury,commercial

fishermenusedtheislandasa

base.AftertheAmerican

CivilWar(1861-1865),people

wantedtoescapethecities,andthrongsof

touristsfoundbeautyandrelaxationonMackinac.

TheislandbecameAmericassecondnationalpark

in1875.Butin1895,thenationtransferred^to

Michigan,andl\haMr\acbecameAAichigan'sfirst

statepark.

In1898,whentheautomobileagethreatenedto

cometotheisland,thecitycouncilbannedthe

''horselesscarriage."Thatpolicyallowstheisland

tokeepits19th-centuryatmosphere.

porch(n)門廊，走廊

hoof(n)(?；蝰R等的)蹄

accessible(adj)易接近的，可到達(dá)的

post(v)派駐，駐扎

throng(n)一大群

transfer(v)過戶，轉(zhuǎn)讓，轉(zhuǎn)移

MoreInformation

QuiteafewpeoplestayonMackinacIslandduring

thewinter.Whenthelakewaterfreezes,people

traveltothemainlandbywayofsnowmobile.

AfterChristmas,islandersdrillatrailofholesin

theiceandplantChristmastreesinthem.That

way,ifablizzardcomes,peoplecanstillfindtheir

waybacktotheislandbyfollowingthetrees.

InLibrary

：

KHizAshley.

A：Hi,Ken.

K：Hay,Ashley.Haveyoueverwantedtobeina

commercial?

A：Yes,Ithinkitwouldbefun.Haveyou?

K：IalwayswantedtobeonTV,soyes.

A：Haveyoueverwantedtobeacommercial

fisherman?

：

KNozAshley.Whatkindofcommercialwould

thatbe?Idon'tevenlikefishing.

A：That'snotwhatI'mtalkingabout,Ken.

K：So,thenwhatareyoutalkingabout?

A：I'mtalkingaboutsomethingthatmakesa

profit,acommercialbusiness,forinstance.

K：So,thereisadifferenceinmeaning.

A：Right.Lindatoldmesomeinteresting

informationaboutthedifferentmeaningsfor

commercial.Let'slistenandfindoutmore.

K：OK.

L：Anythingrelatedtothebuyingandsellingof

goodsiscommercial,andthatisanadjective.

Therearecommercialbusinessesand

organizationsthatproducegoodstoselltoother

customers.Whensomeoneistalkingaboutthe

commercialsuccessofaproduct,theyaretalking

abouttheprofit.Thisisslightlydifferentthan

thecommercialsyouwatchonTV,which

advertizeaproductinordertomakeaprofit.And

inthisusage,commercialisusedasanoun.

K：Oh,sooneisanadjective,theotherisanoun.

A：That'sthedifference.

K：Soifcommercialbusinessesaimtomakea

profit,howwouldyoudescribethebusinessthat

doesn'taimtomakeaprofit?

A：Well,therearedifferentwaystodescribeit.

Butacompanythattakesdonationsandgives

themtothoseinneedisacharityornon-profit

organization.

K：Don'tcharitiesalsogiveawaydonateditems

likeclothing?

A：Yes,theydo.

K：Well,Iwishthelibrarywasacharity.

A：Butthenitwouldn'tbealibraryanymore,

becauseeveryonewouldtakethebooks.

K：That'strue.IguessIbetterreturnthese

booksthen.

A：Thanks.

commercial我們知道是廣告，尤其是電視廣告，那是

當(dāng)名詞用。但是今天的課文提到commercial

fisherman,commercial在這里是形容詞。這個(gè)詞來

自于commerce商業(yè)、貿(mào)易，所以commercial

fisherman就是商業(yè)漁民，commercialbusinesses

就是一般的公司行號(hào)。若是一家公司享有commercial

success商業(yè)上的成果，那就表示它有profit（盈余）,

那也許很多的機(jī)構(gòu)是非盈利的，那就叫做non-profit

organization（非營(yíng)利組織）或是charity（慈善機(jī)構(gòu)）。

LanguageTips

accessible(adj)可以進(jìn)入的，可使用的

Theclasswebsiteisonlyaccessibleforthelisted

students.

只有列在名單上的學(xué)員可以進(jìn)入班級(jí)的網(wǎng)頁。

Thevillageiseasilyaccessiblebycarorboat.

這個(gè)村莊坐車或坐船都可以輕松到達(dá)。

post(V)軍隊(duì)駐扎，部署，安排

Thetroopshavebeenpostedinthevalleyfor

days.

部隊(duì)已經(jīng)在這個(gè)山谷駐扎了好幾天。

Thechiefposted2policeofficersatthe

eyewitness*home.

隊(duì)長(zhǎng)在目擊者的家中部署了兩名警官。

post(n)崗哨

Thesoldierremainedathispostbyorder.

這位士兵接受命令要留在崗哨上。

transfer(v)轉(zhuǎn)讓，調(diào)動(dòng)，改變

Afterworking5yearsinsales,Lisawas

transferredtomanagement.

在業(yè)務(wù)單位服務(wù)5年以后，Lisa被轉(zhuǎn)任到管理部門。

Horses,horses,horses

Morethan500horsesprovidetransportationon

theisland.TheyarrivebyferryeveryApriland

returntotheMichiganmainlandeveryNovember

forthewinter.Theisland's

impressivedrafthorses

weigh2,000poundseach

andcanpull(orholdback)

threetimestheirbody

weight.Thatabilityisnecessarytotravelthe

steeproadsontheisland.Eachhorseworksjust

fourandahalfhoursadayhaulinggoodsor

people.

GrandHotel

Manyhotelsofferlodgingontheisland,butthe

luxuryaddressistheGrandHotel,whichopened

in1887.Itwasbuiltinjust93daysby600men

whohadagreatincentive.Legendkcsitthatthe

ownersofferedthema

milliondollarbonusifthey

finishedin90daysorless.

Notwoofthehotel's385

guestroomsarealike,and

its660-foot-longporchistheworld'slongest.

Everysummer,about130,000peoplestayatthe

hotelandeattheirmealsthere.Morethan100

peopleonthekitchenstaff

prepareandservearound

4,000mealsperday.

ferry(n)輪渡，渡船

drafthorse馱馬

haul(v)拖，拉

lodging(n)寄宿，住房

incentive(n)動(dòng)機(jī)，激勵(lì)

legend(n)傳說;傳奇

bonus(n)獎(jiǎng)金，紅包

InLibrary

K：Excuseme,Ashley.I'dliketocheckoutthese

books.

：

AOkay,Ken.Ouch,oh,ouchzmyleg.

K：What'swrong,Ashley?

A：Woo,sorryKen.IjusthadaCharliehorse?

K：Ididn'tknowyouhadhorsesAshley.

A：No,Ken.Idon'thavearealhorse.Ihavea

Charliehorse,acramp.Haveyoueverhada

painfulcrampinyourlegoryourfoot?

K：Yes,Ihave.SometimesIIIgetoneafter

sittingforalongtime.

A：Well,that'saCharliehorse.It'snothing

serious.IfIjuststretchmylegs,thenitwillgo

away.Alright,hereareyourbooks.

K：Thanks.Well,hopeyoufeelbetter,talktoyou

later.

A：Thanks.Holdyourhorses,Ken.

K：Excuseme.Holdmyhorses?

A：That'sanotherwaytotellsomeonetostopor

slowdown.Iknowyoureinahurry,butIhave

anotherEnglishidiomIwanttosharewithyou.So

holdyourhorses.

K：Okay.I'lllistenbutIhavetogosoonbecauseI

missedmybreakfastthismorningandnowI'm

starving.

A：So,whatyouresayingisyoucouldeatahorse?

K：Well,IamhungrybutIdon'tthinkIcanthe

meatofahorse.

A：No,Ken.That'sanotherhorseidiom.When

yourereallyhungry,youcansayIcouldeata

horse.Ofcourse,youwouldn'treallyeatahorse,

butthat'showhungryyoufeel.

K：Isee.Well,thenIcouldeatahorse.

A：ThenIbetterletyougo.

K：ThanksAshley.Ouch!

A：AreyouOkay?

K：Yeah,it'sjustaCharliehorseinmyfoot.

A：Oh,holdyourhorses.Youshouldstretch

beforeyougo.

K：YeahzIwill.Thanks.

既然這一課講到馬，我們不妨來學(xué)一些跟馬相關(guān)的短

語。如果你的肚子很餓，你可以說工couldeata

horse,我餓到可以吃一匹馬。若是某人急著要做一

件事，你可以跟他說，Holdyourhorses,勒住你的

馬，這個(gè)用法是來自西部牛仔，當(dāng)時(shí)要叫對(duì)方停下來

的時(shí)候就會(huì)要他holdyourhorses,把你的馬穩(wěn)住，

所以后來就變成了稍安勿躁，等一等，不要沖得這么

快的意思，注意要用復(fù)數(shù)，另外,

holdyourhorses0

還有Charliehorse,這個(gè)美國(guó)人流行的俚語表示腿部

抽筋，Charliehorse的意思其實(shí)就是跟cramp,

c-r-a-m-p一樣，但是一定是指腿部肌肉的抽筋。

GrammarontheGo

Legendhasitthattheownersofferedthema

milliondollarbonusiftheyfinishedin90daysor

less.

Legendhasitthat...accordingtothelegend

Accordingtolegend,theownersofferedthema

milliondollarbonusiftheyfinishedin90daysor

less.

Rumorhasitthatafamousdirectorwillbemaking

anothermoviesoon.

Wordhasitthatthecompanywillbeopeninga

branchofficeinEurope,(word=rumor)

LanguageTips

haul(v)拖，拉施曳;搬運(yùn)

Theworkersusedheavymachinerytohaulthecar

fromthelake.

工人們用重型的機(jī)械把這部車從湖里拉出來。

Wetrytohaultheheavystonesawayfromthe

road.

我們?cè)囍堰@些很重的石頭從路中挪走。

Atruckhauledtheboxesawayfromthedock.

一■部卡車從碼頭把這些箱子運(yùn)走。

incentive(n)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，(鼓勵(lì)某人做某事的)誘因

Thecompanyoffersahighbonusasanincentive

foremployeestoworkharder.

公司提供高額的紅利作為員工努力工作的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。

There'slittleincentiveforpeopletosavemoney

whentheinterestrateissolow.

利率如此的低，讓人們沒有想要儲(chǔ)蓄的誘因。

legend(n)傳說，傳奇故事

ThemovieisbasedonaChineselegend.

這部電影是基于一個(gè)中國(guó)的傳奇故事。

Legendhasit+that傳說是以口止匕說的

LegendhasitthatZorrowasagoodguywho

robbedtherichtohelpthepoor.

傳說是這么說的，佐羅是一個(gè)劫富濟(jì)貧的好人。

Thosewhowantextraprivacycanstayinthe

MascoCottagelocatedat

theeastendofthehotel.

Thecottagecosts$3,150pernight,andthatrate

coversallmealsincludingafive-coursedinner.

Guestscanalsohaveapersonalchefprepare

mealsinthecottage.

Whattoseeanddo

Theisland'shistoryand

richnaturalbeauty

providemany

sightseeing

opportunities.Most

peoplevisitFortMackinac

withits14restoredorigina

buildings.Visitorscansee

informativedisplaysand

meet”soldiers"and''Victorianladies."Inaddition,

theycanwatchuniformed1880ssoldiersfirea

cannonovertheharbor.

Peoplecanexploretheisland

ontwofeet,fourfeet

(horseback)ortwowheels.

Bikerscancyclearoundthe

islandonLakeShore

Boulevard.Itdoesn'ttakelong-theislandisonly

eightmilesaround,buttheviewsofhills,trees

andwaterarespectacular.

Visitorscanalsoenjoyastroll6Q\NI\theisland's

MainStreet.Theretheycanbrowseintheshops

andsampletheisland'sfamousfudge.

Gettingawayfromitall\s

easierthanyouthink.Just

imagineyourselfonMackinac

Island.

privacy(n)隱私

cannon(n)大炮

explore(v)探索

stroll(v)閑逛，漫步

fudge(n)fudge軟糖(一種柔軟、甜膩的糖，由糖、

牛奶、奶油和香料制成)

getawayfromitall用出走的辦法來擺脫煩惱［工作,

責(zé)任］，拋開一切

InLibrary

AHiKen.

K：HeyAshley.

A：Whatareyoudoing?

K：rmpracticing.

A：you'repracticinghowtousesilverwareinthe

library?

K：Iknowit'salittlestrange,butrmgoingtoa

fancydinnertonightandIwanttomakesureI

eatproperly.

A：Oh.Soyou'repracticingyouretiquette.

K：Idontknow.AmI?Whatisetiquette?

A：Etiquettereferstorulesyoufollowincertain

situations,likedinner,forinstance.Thewayyou

useyoursilverwareandhowyoubehaveduring

themealareallpartofetiquette.

K：Soyou'retalkingabouttablemanners,right?

A：Right.Tablemannersarepartofetiquette

whichcoversawiderrangeofthingssuchashow

oneshouldbehaveontheInternet.

K：Oh,yeah.Isn'tthereatermforthat?

A：Yes,Netiquette.

K：Ah,Isee.Well,Ashley,maybeyoucangiveme

sometips.Whatarethedifferentpartsofa

five-course-meal?

A：Afive-course-mealinvolvessoup,anappetizer,

salad,amaincourseanddessert.

K：Whatwasafterthesoup?

A：Thatwouldbetheappetizer.Appetizersare

lightercoursesyoueatbeforethemaincourse,

likechips,bread,orcheese,andcrackers.After

theappetizer,comesthesalad.

K：Andafterthesaladisthemaincourse.

A：That'sright.Thisisthemostfillingpartofthe

meal.Andthefinalcourseisdessert.

K：IhopeIIIbeabletofinishallofthosecourses.

Ashley,thatremainsme,don'twealsocallclasses,

courses?

A：Yes,wedo.Therearehistorycourses,math

coursesandmanyotherclassesorcourses.There

areevenetiquettecourses.

K：Heymaybethelibraryshouldthinkabout

havingsomeetiquettecourses.HIbethefirst

onetosignup.

A：That'sagoodidea.

今天的課文提到afive-course-dinner,一個(gè)五道菜

的晚餐，因此，course除了可以表示學(xué)校的一門課，

也可以是一道菜。西餐的每一道菜跟中餐的不一樣，

它是一道一道按照順序上的，第一道是soup（湯），

再來是appetizer（開胃菜），再來是salad（沙拉）,

再來才是themaincourse（主菜）,最后一個(gè)course

是dessert（甜點(diǎn)）。在正式的用餐場(chǎng)合也要注意table

manners（餐桌禮儀），其實(shí)tablemanners是

etique忖e（禮節(jié)）的一部分，那現(xiàn)在還有所謂的

netiquette,也就是在工nternet（網(wǎng)絡(luò)）上的禮儀。

LanguageTips

privacy（n）隱私

Joshandhiswifeneedsomeprivacytodiscussan

importantissue.

Josh和太太需要一些隱私來討論一個(gè)重要的事情。

Billyalwayscomplainsabouthavingnoprivacy

sinceheandhisbrothershareabedroom.

Billy因?yàn)楹偷艿芄灿靡粋€(gè)房間，老是抱怨他沒有任何

的隱私。

explore（v）探索，游覽

Theexpeditionsetouttoexploreancient

Egyptianculture.

這支遠(yuǎn)征隊(duì)啟程去探索古埃及文明。

Seanandhisfriendsexploredthecity'slocal

shopsandmuseums.

Sean和朋友游覽了這個(gè)城市當(dāng)?shù)氐纳痰昙安┪镳^。

getawayfromitall遠(yuǎn)離塵囂

GeorgeandhiswifedecidedtogotoHawaiifor

vacationtogetawayfromitall.

George和太太決定要到夏威夷去度假來遠(yuǎn)離塵囂。

Sometimesyouneedtogetawayfromitallin

ordertoreleaseyourstress.

有的時(shí)候你得要遠(yuǎn)離塵囂一下來疏解你的壓力。

July5,6HIGH

HistoricalPeople

LouisPasteur

r細(xì)菌之父」巴斯德

ThisFrenchscientistchangedtheworld

ThisFrenchscientistsolvedmanyofthe

importantproblemsofhistime

這位法國(guó)科學(xué)家解決了很多當(dāng)時(shí)的重大難題

byLisaHollChang

''Letmetellyouthesecretthat

hasledmetomygoal.Mystrength

liessolely\x\mytenacity"Louis

Pasteur(1822-1895)oncesaid.

Indeed,Pasteurwasa

hard-workingscientist.Heharnessedthepower

ofsciencetosolveproblemsthatafflicted弋a(chǎn)e

industriesandpeopleofhistime.

Borninaworking-class

family,Pasteurapplied

himselftomeetinghis

fathersexpectationsthat

hebeeducatedandeventuallyteach.Pasteur

quicklymovedthroughtheFrencheducation

system,earninghisdoctoratein1847.Asa

professor,hemovedfromschooltoschool,

teachingphysicsandchemistry,andmethiswife,

MarieLaurent.In1857hefinallysettledatthe

?

Ecolenormalesuperieure,afamousteachers

collegeinParis,whereheassumedthepositionof

DirectorofScientificStudies.

Pasteurization

AsDirectorofScientific

Studies,Pasteurcontinuedthe

researchonfermentationthat

hehadstartedearlier.He

discoveredthatfermentation,

thebiologicalprocessthatcausesproductssuch

asmilktoturnsour,iscarriedoutbyverytiny

organisms.Hisresearchledtotheprocessof

pasteurization,whichusesheattokillharmful

germsinavarietyoffoodproducts.

solely(adv)只是

tenacity(n)堅(jiān)韌

afflict(v)使痛苦，折磨

doctorate(n)博士頭銜

assume(v)擔(dān)任…的職務(wù)

Pasteurization(n)加熱殺菌法，巴斯德殺菌法

fermentation(n)發(fā)酵

organism(n)生物體，有機(jī)體

GrammarontheGo

Pasteurappliedhimselftomeetinghisfather's

expectationsthathebeeducatedandeventually

teach.

applytoaskforsomething

applyhimselftodosomethingwithextra

specialcareorattention

Jillisahardworker;shehasalwaysapplied

herselftoeveryassignment.

Weknewwedidn'thavemuchtimeleft,sowe

appliedourselvestotheresearch.

Thatpersonjustisn'tapplyinghimselfatwork.

InLibrary

A：Whataterribleending!Iheardsomanygood

thingsaboutthisbook.Butitdidn'tliveuptomy

expectations.Oh,well.

K：Whatbookareyoutalkingabout,Ashley?

A：TheReceiverbyMichaelSpock.It'snotworth

yourtime.

K：YousaidMItdidn'tliveuptoyourexpectations.0

Whatdidyoumeanbythat?

A：ImeantthatIhopeitwouldagoodbook.But

actually,itwastheopposite.

K：So,expectationsarethosefeelingswehave

aboutsomething.

A：Theycanaffectyourfeelings.Buttheyare

morethebeliefsandperceptionswehaveabout

something.Forexample,ifyouareexcitedtosee

anewmovie,maybeyouhaveexpectationsthatit

isagoodmovie.

K：Right.Butsometimesmyfriendsrecommend

moviestomeandIendupdislikingthem.

A：Thenthemoviedoesn'tliveuptoyour

expectations.Youhadhighexpectationsbecause

yourfriendravedaboutit.

K：Yes,andspeakingofhighexpectations,some

parentsaresaidtohavehighexpectationsof

theirchildren.

A：That'sright.Theyexpecttheirchildrentoget

goodgradesandencouragetheirkidstobethe

best.

K：Canpeoplehavelowexpectations?

A：Yes,ifyouhavelowexpectationsofsomething,

youbelieveitwontbeverygood.Infact,itmight

beverybad.So,youdon'tgetyourhopesup.

K：So,ifyoulendmethatbookyourereading,I

wouldhavelowexpectationsbecauseyousaidit

wasn'tverygood.

A：Yes,butIdontknow,maybeitwouldexceed

yourexpectationsbybeingverygood.

K：DoesthatmeanitwouldbebetterthanI

expected.

A：Yes,itwouldexceedyourexpectations.

K：Hmm.Maybewehavedifferenttastesinbooks.

A：I'llletyoureaditforyourself,youcanborrow

it.

K：OK.IllletyouknowwhatIthink.

今天的課文提至UPasteurappliedhimselftomeeting

hisfather'sexpectations,expectation是期望，尤

其是指對(duì)于好事的期望，所以Pasteur滿足了父親的

期望。另夕卜——個(gè)講法是liveuptoone'sexpectations

就是達(dá)到某人的期望，符合他的理想。有時(shí)候我們會(huì)

因?yàn)橛邢热霝橹鞯挠^念，對(duì)一些東西會(huì)有high

expectations或者lowexpectations,但如果一件事

exceedyourexpectations(超越你對(duì)他的期望),那

當(dāng)然是最好的結(jié)果。注意expectations這個(gè)用法要用

復(fù)數(shù)。

LanguageTips

tenacity(n)堅(jiān)持到底，頑強(qiáng)，不屈不撓，韌性

Hiscourageandtenacitymadehiman

extraordinarygeneral.

他的勇氣以及不屈不撓的精神讓他成為一位非凡的將

軍。

Theteamwonthegameusingteamworkand

tenacity.

這支隊(duì)伍運(yùn)用了團(tuán)隊(duì)合作以及堅(jiān)持到底的精神贏得了

比賽。

afflict(v)折磨，使痛苦(with)

Povertyandconstantracialconflictsafflicted

thiscountryformanyyears.

貧窮以及持續(xù)的種族沖突讓這個(gè)國(guó)家多年來深受其

室

口O

Rachelhasbeenafflictedwithsevereallergies

andnomedicineseemsabletohelpher.

Rachel一直受到嚴(yán)重的過敏癥的折磨，似乎沒有什么

藥能幫助她。

assume(v)就任，擔(dān)任…職務(wù)

Nathanwillassumemoreresponsibilityoncehe

becomesthemanager.

Nathan一旦成為經(jīng)理就會(huì)承擔(dān)更多的責(zé)任。

assumeoffice就職

ThepresidentwillassumeofficenextSaturday.

總統(tǒng)會(huì)在下周六就職。

Scientificandpersonal

challenges

Asateacher,Pasteur

emphasizedthatscienceshould

havepracticalapplications.Hetookon

industry-relatedcasessuchasadisease

affectingthesilkindustry.Beginningin1965,

Pasteurspentthreeyearsinvestigatingthe

bacteriathatweretheculpritsanddeveloping

waystopreventtheirspread.

In1866Pasteurlosttwodaughterstotyphoid

fever.Twoyearslaterhe

becamepartiallyparalyzedas

resultofgriefandstress.But

despitethesedifficulties,

Pasteurpressedontoevengreater

accomplishments.

Fightingdisease

Inthelate1870's,Pasteurbeganresearchinthe

emergingscientificfieldofimmunization.He

developedvaccinesfardiseasesthataffected

sheepandchickens.Thenhetookonthedeadly

diseaserabies.ForfiveyearsPasteurworkedon

isolatingandweakeningtherabiesvirus.OnJuly

6,1885,a9-year-oldboysufferingfrom14bites

byarabiddogwasbroughttohim.Pasteur

treatedtheboywiththevaccineshehad

developedandsavedtheboy'slife.

FollowingPasteur'ssuccesswithrabies,the

PasteurInstitutewasfoundedtosupport

Pasteursscientificwork.Pasteurhimselfheaded

theinstituteuntilhisdeathin1896.Today,the

PasteurInstitutecontinuestosavelivesthrough

science.

culprit(n)犯人，罪犯

typhoidfever(n)傷寒癥

paralyze(v)使癱瘓，使麻痹

emerging(adj)新興的

immunization(n)免疫

vaccine(n)疫苗

rabies(n)狂犬病

MoreInformation

Whileresearchingfermentation,Pasteurproved

thatthetheoryofspontaneousgeneration-that

livingmaterial,likegerms,simplyappearedoutof

nowherewasactuallyincorrect.Throughhis

experiments,Pasteurprovedthatgermswere

carriedthroughtheair.

InEngland,Dr.JosephListerreadapaper

Pasteurhadpublishedandthenconductedhisown

experimentsthatledtothepracticeof

sterilizingmedicalequipmentinthehospital.

InLibrary

：

KUh,excusemezAshley.Ihaveaquestionfor

you.

A：Whatisit,Ken?

K：Well,ifItakeonadisease,doesthatmeanI

contractthedisease?

A：No,totakeonadiseasemeanstofightit.

：

K5ozifsomeonetookonthedeadlydisease

rabies,theydidn'tdevelopthedisease?

A：No,theystudiedthediseaseandtrytofind

waystocureit.

K：Isee.Doesthisphrase''takeon"haveother

meanings?

A：Thereareseveraldifferentmeanings.Let's

talktoourfriendDoristolearnmore.

K：Okay.

D：Hi,friends.Totakeoncanalsomeantostart

somethingnew.Forinstance,youcantakeona

newlook.Ifyouchangeyourhairstyle,itchanges

yourappearance.Also,youcantakeonanewlook

inyourapartmentbybuyingnewfurniture.

A：Ken,ifyourbossgivesyoumorethingstodo,

thenyouaretakingonmoreresponsibilities.

K：Whatabout''takeoff"?Isthattheoppositeof

''takeon"?

A：Notexactly.Forinstance,youcantakeoff

yourjacket,butyoudon'ttakeonyourjacket.

K：Right,youputonyourjacket.

A：Right,butifsomethingsuddenlybecomesvery

popularorsuccessful,thenittakesoff.For

instance,Facebookreallytookoffinpopularity.

K：Twittertookoffaswell.

A：Yes,itdid.AndnowIhavetotakeoff.

K：Umm,whatdoyoumean?

A：Ihavetogotoameeting.

K：Oh,Okay.HIletyoutakeoff.

今天的課文說Pasteurtookonthedeadlydisease

rabies,takeon在這里表示向它挑戰(zhàn)，也就是說

Pasteur決定要對(duì)抗致命的狂犬病。takeon也可以表

示承擔(dān),你可以在你的工作崗位takeonmore

responsibilities,承擔(dān)更多的責(zé)任。takeon也可以

是接受，你可以takeonthenewlook,接受展現(xiàn)出

一個(gè)新的造型。takeon的相反并不是takeoff,take

off是脫去，takeoffyourjacket。takeoff也可以

表示飛機(jī)起飛，因此也延伸出開始流行、很熱門的意

思。當(dāng)俚語用時(shí)，takeoff也可以表示離開、上路。

LanguageTips

culprit(n)罪犯;元兇，罪魁禍?zhǔn)?/p>

Policearesearchingfortheculpritswhorobbed

thedowntownbank.

警方正在搜索這些搶劫市中心銀行的罪犯。

Whenteenagersstopinteractingwiththepeople

aroundthem,onlinegamesareoftenthemain

culprit.

當(dāng)青少年不再與周遭的人互動(dòng)時(shí)，網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲常常是這

個(gè)問題的元兇。

emerging(adj)新興的，崛起中的

TheemergingmarketofSouthAmericaattracted

manyinvestors.

南美洲的新興市場(chǎng)吸引了許多投資客。

Theemergingyoungmusicianhascapturedthe

attentionofcritics.

這位崛起中的年輕音樂家吸引了樂評(píng)家的注意。

vaccine(n)疫苗

Pharmaceuticalcompaniesspentmillionsof

dollarsdevelopingavaccinetocurethehighly

contagiousdisease.

制藥公司花了數(shù)百萬美金開發(fā)能夠治愈這個(gè)具有高度

傳染性疾病的疫苗。

July7,8

TipsForLiving

BuildingSelf-Confidence

建立自信的五大心法

Youcanbecomeamoreconfidentperson

Youcanbecomeamoreconfident

person

你可以成卷更有自信的人自

byPamelaOsment信

Howdoyouenteraroomfullof

strangers?boyouwalkrightinfullofconfidence?

Ordoyoutrytoslip/>?withoutbeingnoticed?

Thewayyougointonewsituationsshowsyour

levelofself-confidence.

Inlife,weadmirethosewhodotheirtasks

confidently.Wepreferpeoplewhoappearto

knowwhatthey'redoing.Butwheredoesthat

confidencebegin?

Theparents*role

Developingself-confidence

startsveryearly.It'sthe

parents1roletogetkidsonthe

right/racXrtowardbecoming

confidentpeople.Tohelpthatprocess,parents

shouldalwaysoffermorepraisethancriticism.

Thatcanbedonebyfocusingonthechild's

strengths.Parentsshouldencouragetheir

childrentotrynewthingsandtakerisks.When

childrenmakemistakes,theirparentsshouldstill

letthemknowthattheyareloved.Childrenwhose

parentsdothesethingswilllikelydevelopinto

confidentadults.Butself-confidencestilldoesn't

comeeasily.Sowhat'sthesolution?

self-confidence(n)自信

slipin溜進(jìn)去

situation(n)情形，形勢(shì)

admire(v)敬佩，欣賞

(be)ontherighttrack走上正軌

criticism(n)加匕評(píng)

risk(n)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

MoreInformation

Herearethreesimplestepsforbuilding

self-confidence：

First,setgoals：makegoalsrealisticand

attainable-tomaximizefeelingsofsuccess.

Next,imagineyourself-orvisualize-performing

yourtasksandactivitiesperfectly,tomaximize

thepotentialofsuccess.Finally,useverbal

encouragementandpositiveself-talk.Byverbally

encouragingyourself(e.g.withphrasessuchas,

''I'mdoingreallywelltoday!")you'llreinforce

feelingsofself-confidence.

InLibrary

K：Ah,Iquit.Thisbookisimpossible.Itdoesn't

makeanysense.

A：Ken,iseverythingOK?Youseemlittle

frustrated.

K：Well,myEnglishisnevergoingtobegood

enough.

A：WhoaKendon'tbesohardonyourself.

Where'syourself-confidence?

K：Ican'tbeconfidentinsomethingifI'mnot

verygoodatit.

A：That'snottrue.Firstofall,Englishisavery

difficultlanguage.Everyonemakesmistakes.

Secondofall,apersonmightbereallytalentedat

something.Butwithoutconfidence,theywontbe

abletodoit.Theymaybetooself-critical.

K：Youmeantheycriticizethemselvestoomuch?

ButAshley,TmnotgoingtogetbetterifIdont

recognizemyfaults.

A：ButKen,you'vebeensoself-criticalthatyou

wanttogiveuponstudyingEnglish.That'snot

helpingyouimprove.It'sbringingyoudown.These

kindsofnegativethoughtscanloweryour

self-esteem.

K：Self-esteem?What'sthat?

A：Self-esteemdescribeshowyoufeelabout

yourself.Lowself-esteemdescribespeoplewho

thinkthey'reunimportant.Apersonwithlow

self-esteemwillbecomeeasilydepressedbecause

theyfocusontheirfailures.

K：Isee.Whataboutapersonwithhigh

self-esteem?

A：Someonewithhighself-esteemhas

self-respect.Theydontseethemselvesas

perfect.Buttheyfocusontheirpositivetraits.

Ratherthanseeingmistakesasfailures,theylook

atthemasweapons.

K：Sothey'repatientwiththemselves.Theyare

self-patient.

A：No,notself-patient.Youcan'tsaythat.

K：See,Ikeepmakingmistakes.

A：It'soktomakemistakes.Theproblemcomesin

whenwemakethesamemistakesoverandover

andoveragain.

K：(sigh)Well,Idolearnfrommymistakes.Okay,

rmgoingtohavemorepatiencewithmyselfand

HIpickupthisbookagain.

A：Ittakesalotofself-disciplinetostudy

Englishandyou'vecertainlyworkedhardatit,so

keepupthegoodwork.

K：ThanksAshley.

今天這一課教我們?nèi)绾谓elf-confidence自信),

我們不妨來學(xué)幾個(gè)相關(guān)的單詞。很多沒有自信的人往

往是因?yàn)樘玸elf-cr