2022-2023學(xué)年河南省平頂山市建華中學(xué)高三英語下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

2022-2023學(xué)年河南省平頂山市建華中學(xué)高三英語下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.AsthescheduledflightforStockholmfromHelsinkiearlyThursdaywascanceled,hehadto_______anairporthotelandwillflytoStockholmlaterThursdayifweatherallows.

A.checkinto B.burstinto C.bumpinto D.bringinto

參考答案：A2.Usuallytheteacherswillbebusy________thetestpapersafteranexamination.A.grading

B.naming

C.ranking

D.grouping參考答案：A略3.一Wouldyoulikesomewine?一Idon’tdrinkwineasarule．butIdon’tmindaglass

．

A．a(chǎn)llthetime

B．moreorless

C．a(chǎn)tanytime

D．onceinawhile參考答案：D4.______theaverageageofthepopulationincreases,therearemoreandmoreoldpeopletocarefor.A.Unless

B.Until C.As

D.While參考答案：C試題分析：句意：隨著人口平均年齡的增長，越來越多的老人要照顧。unless除非；until直到；as因為，正如，隨著；while雖然，然而，當(dāng)……時候。根據(jù)語境，故選C?！久麕燑c睛】這幾個詞都是連詞，要分清每個連詞短語的含義和用法，做題時關(guān)鍵看上下文和句意的邏輯關(guān)系做題。unless引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句；until引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，as引導(dǎo)方式/原因/狀語從句；while引導(dǎo)讓步/時間狀語從句。as的用法比較多，不僅僅在選擇題中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)，學(xué)生在做閱讀完型的時候，遇到as一定要判斷它的準(zhǔn)確含義，以便于正確理解這句話的意思。5.Chinamayaswellkeepitsgrowthrateabove7percent.________，theratemaybesetbetween6to7percent,forthesakeofahealthyenvironment.A.Differently

B.Alternatively

C.Accordingly

D.Conversely參考答案：B考查副詞。句意：中國不妨將增長率保持在百分之七以上?；蛘撸瑸榱藸I造健康的環(huán)境，將增長率設(shè)置在百分之六到百分之七之間。mayaswell意為“不妨；也好”。alternatively意為“或者，要不然，二者擇一地”；differently意為“不同地，相異地”；according]y意為“因此，于是；照著，相應(yīng)地”；conversely意為“相反地，顛倒地，反過來”。根據(jù)句意，B項最適合。6.—PleasecheckyouranswerwiththekeyonPage129.—Allright.Oh,it’ssosimple.Why________ofthat?A.hadn’tIthought

B.haven’tIthought

C.didn’tIthink

D.wasn’tIthinking參考答案：C略7.—Janeisgoingtogetmarried.

—Wow!___

When’sthebigday?

A.You’redeadright.B.That’sbrilliant!C.I’msosorry!

D.It’sverykindofyou.參考答案：B略8.It’snouse________withouttakingaction.A.tocomplain B.complained C.complaining D.complaint參考答案：C【詳解】考查固定句型。句意：抱怨而不采取行動是沒有用的。itisnousedoingsth.意為“做某事是沒有用的”，complain意為“抱怨”，itisnousecomplaining意為“抱怨是沒有用的”，故選C。【點睛】Itis+n.+doing在這個句型中，這種動詞-ing作主語，it作形式主語的句型還有：It’snousedoingsth.做某事沒用/只是白費力氣Itisnogooddoingsth.做某事不好/沒用/不行It’sawasteoftime/moneydoingsth.做某事是白費時間/金錢It’sfundoingsth.做某事很有趣9.Thesecretofhersuccessmay_______thefactthatsheknowswhentostudyandwhentoplay.A.resultin

B.liein

C.fillin

D.takein參考答案：B10.Studieshaveshownthattherightandleftear

sounddifferently.A.produce

B.pronounce

C.process

D.download參考答案：C試題分析：句意：研究已經(jīng)表明，左耳和右耳處理聲音是不同的。A意為生產(chǎn)或制造，B意為發(fā)音，C意為處理，D意為下載。該題考查的是詞義辨析，4個選項的意思都非常的不一樣，所以在作答的時候，要每一個單詞都代入空格進(jìn)行翻譯，找出最佳答案。根據(jù)常識，耳朵不能夠生產(chǎn)或制造，不能發(fā)音，更不可能下載。所以答案只能是處理，也就是C。考點：考查動詞11.Anewwayofteaching_____inthearticlecanmakelearningeasier.A.introduced

B.hasintroduced

C.wasintroduced D.isbeingintroduced參考答案：A12.——Ifthetraffichadn'tbeensobad,I______homeatsixo'clock

-Whatapity!Henrywasheretoseeyou.

(

)

A.musthavebeen

B.shouldhavebeen

C.mightbe

D.wouldbe參考答案：B13.Alltheladieswearbeautifulclothesforthecelebration.Somearedressedinred,_______inpurple.A.other

B.another

C.others

D.theother參考答案：C14..Thishardworkingandpatientteacherhasprovedthathe

respectfromeachoneofus．A.deserves

B.expects

C.reserves

D.demands參考答案：A15.I’msorry.IthinkIamnotfitforthejob.Idon’thandlepressuretoowell.

Oh,Ican’tbelieveit.You

know,

that’snottheimpressionIhaveofyouatall.That’s_________I’ddescribemyself.

A.what

B.why

C.which

D.how參考答案：D16.－HowwillI

youatthestation?－Well,I’mwearingahatandI’vegotabigblackumbrellawithme．

A．recognize

B．notice

C．see

D．realize參考答案：A17.一IhopeJohnnywon’tgotoprison．－

Forhismom’ssakeA．hewon’t，too

B．Iwon’t．eitherC．Idon’t，either

D．Ido．too．參考答案：D18.AnotherfoodcropraisedbyIndians______wasstrangetotheEuropeanwascalledIndiancorn.A．when

B．whose

C．which

D．where參考答案：C【目的】考查定語從句的用法。句意：-印度人種植的對歐洲人是奇怪的另一種食物莊稼被叫作是印度玉米?？蘸蟮亩ㄕZ從句中缺少主語，先行詞是anotherfoodgroup，應(yīng)用which或that引導(dǎo)定語從句。故選C。7.Ithinkyoushouldgobacktoyour______plan,whichismuchmorepracticalthanthepresentone.A.original

B.random

C.abstract

D.ridiculous參考答案：A略二、完型填空20.WhenIwasthirteen,myfamilymovedfromBostontoTucson,Arizona.___16___themove,myfather___17___usintheliving-roomonafreezingJanuarynight.MysistersandIsataroundthefire,not___18___thattheuniversewouldsuddenlychangeitscourse.“InMay,we’re___19___toArizona.”Thewords,sosmall,didn’tseem___20___enoughtoholdmynewlife.ButtheworldchangedandIawokeonatrainmovingacrossthecountry.Iwatchedthe___21___changefromgreentreestoflatdustyplainstohighmountainsasIsawstrangenewplantsthat____22____mysteriesyettocome.Finally,wearrivedand___23___intoournewhome.

___24___myoldersistersweresadatthelossoffriends,I___25___exploredournewsurroundings.Oneafternoon,Iwasoutexploring___26___andsawanewkindofcactus(仙人掌).Icrouched(蹲)downforacloserlook.“You’dbetternot___27___that.”Iturnedaroundtoseeanoldwoman.“Areyounewtothisneighborhood?”IexplainedthatIwas,___28___,newtotheentirestate.“MynameisInaThorne.Haveyougotusedtolifeinthe___29___?Itmustbequitea___30___afterlivinginBoston.”HowcouldIexplainhowI___31___thedesert?Icouldn’tseemtofindtherightwords.“It’svastness,”sheoffered.“Thatvastness___32___youstandonthemountainsoverlookingthedesert—youcan___33___howlittleyouareincomparisonwiththeworld.___34___,youfeelthatthepossibilitiesarelimitless.”Thatwasit.ThatwasthefeelingI’dhadeversinceI’dfirstseenthemountainsofmynewhome.Again,my___35___wouldchangewithjustafewsimplewords.“Wouldyouliketocometomyhometomorrow?Someoneshouldteachyouwhichplantyoushouldandshouldn’ttouch.”16.A.During

B.Until

C.Upon

D.Before17.A.gathered B.warned

C.organized

D.comforted18.A.hoping

B.admitting

C.realizing

D.believing19.A.going

B.moving

C.driving

D.flying20.A.good

B.simple

C.big

D.proper21.A.picture

B.ground

C.scene

D.area22.A.suggested B.solved

C.discovered

D.explained23.A.settled

B.walked

C.hurried

D.stepped24.A.If

B.After

C.Once

D.While25.A.bitterly

B.easily

C.proudly

D.eagerly26.A.aswell

B.asusual

C.fightaway

D.ontime27.A.move

B.dig

C.pull

D.touch28.A.ofcourse

B.infact

C.afterall

D.atleast29.A.desert

B.city

C.state

D.country30.A.luck

B.doubt

C.shock

D.danger31.A.found

B.examined

C.watched

D.reached32.A.why

B.when

C.how

D.where33.A.prove

B.guess

C.sense

D.expect34.A.However

B.Otherwise

C.Therefore

D.Meanwhile35.A.idea

B.life

C.home

D.family參考答案：16.D

17.A

18.C

19.B

20.C

21.C

22.A

23.A

24.D

25.D

26.B

27.D

28.B

29.A

30.C

31.A

32.B

33.C

34.D

35.B文章講的是作者13歲時與家人一起從美國的大城市波士頓搬到美國西南部的亞利桑那州，以及搬家后生活所發(fā)生的變化。16.D考查介詞。A.During在期間；

B.Until直到為止；

C.Upon

在之上；

D.Before在之前。表示在搬家前父親把孩子們召集在一起說搬家的事情。故選D。17.A考查動詞。A.gathered聚集；

B.warned

警告；

C.organized組織；

D.comforted安慰。比較四個選項，再結(jié)合本段大意，只有g(shù)ather最佳，指父親把孩子們聚集在一起講搬家的事情。故選A。18.C考查動詞。A.hoping希望；

B.admitting承認(rèn)；

C.realizing意識到；

D.believing相信。通讀全文可知，由于兩地的地理環(huán)境差異很大，搬家給孩子們的生活帶來了很大的變化，而當(dāng)時只是聽父親說要搬家，孩子們并沒意識到今后的生活發(fā)生變化。故選C。19.B考查動詞。A.going去；

B.moving移動；

C.driving開車；

D.flying飛。文章講的是搬家的事，所以只有填空move最合適。20.C考查形容詞。A.good

好的；

B.simple簡單的；

C.big

大的；D.proper合適的。與前面的small形成對比，用big。故選C。21.C考查名詞。A.picture圖畫；

B.ground地面；

C.scene

景色；

D.area地區(qū)。指作者在火車上所觀察到的景色(scene)的變化——從綠樹到平原，再到高山。故選C。22.A考查動詞。A.suggested建議；

B.solved解決；

C.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；

D.explained解釋。指作者在沿途看到了許多新的陌生的植物，這表明(suggest)他今后還會接觸到更多新的奧秘。故選A。23.A考查動詞。比較：settleinto遷入(新居)，習(xí)慣于(新居、生活、環(huán)境等)；walkinto走進(jìn)；stepinto步入，走進(jìn)；hurryinto匆匆忙忙進(jìn)入。由于其后的賓語是home，不是house，所以不能直接“走進(jìn)去”。settleinto表示“習(xí)慣于”的例子：Ittakesafewmonthstosettleintolifeatcollege.要過幾個月才能習(xí)慣大學(xué)的生活。24.D考查并列句。.A.If如果；

B.After在之后；

C.Once一旦；

D.While然而。while在此表示對比。句意為：姐妹們正在為失去朋友而傷心，而“我”卻急切去探索周圍的新環(huán)境。故選D。25.D考查動詞。A.bitterly苦澀地；

B.easily容易地；

C.proudly

自豪地；D.eagerly渴望地。指作者來到新地方后那種渴望了解大自然的急迫心情。(做此題要注意結(jié)合下文講的“我”對探索大自然的熱情。)故選D。26.B考查詞組。A.aswell也；

B.asusual

像平常一樣；

C.fightaway

消除；D.ontime按時。asusual意為“像往常一樣”。（這是作者熱心探索大自然的表現(xiàn)之一。）故選B。27.D考查動詞。A.move

移動；

B.dig挖；

C.pull拉；

D.touch觸摸，感動。根據(jù)文章最后一句話Someoneshouldteachyouwhichplantyoushouldandshouldn’ttouch可知，此空應(yīng)填空touch。28.B考查詞組。A.ofcourse

當(dāng)然；

B.infact

事實上；

C.afterall畢竟；

D.atleast至少。infact意為“事實上”，表示對前面情況的進(jìn)一步強調(diào)。故選B。29.A考查名詞。A.desert

沙漠；

B.city城市；

C.state

州；D.country國家。根據(jù)HowcouldIexplainhowI___16___thedesert?可知答案為A。30.C考查名詞。A.luck運氣；

B.doubt疑問；

C.shock震驚；

D.danger危險。此處指作者以前住的大城市與現(xiàn)在的desert形成強烈對比，因此選shock。其余幾項用于此處均講不通。31.A考查動詞。A.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；

B.examined檢查；

C.watched觀看；

D.reached到達(dá)。此處填空的find不是表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)”，而是表示“感覺”，又如：Howdoyoufindyournewjob?你認(rèn)為你的新工作怎么樣？故選A。32.B考查狀語從句。A.why為什么；

B.when

當(dāng)時候；

C.how

怎樣；

D.where在哪里。句中的vastness意為“寬廣”或“空曠無際”。句意為：這種寬廣就是當(dāng)你站在山上眺望其下沙漠的情景。故選B。33.C考查動詞。A.prove證明；

B.guess

猜測；

C.sense感知；

D.expect期盼。此句的大意是：當(dāng)你站在山頂上眺望這一片沙漠的時候，與這個世界相比，你會感覺到你自己是多么的渺小。sense在此表示“感到”，其余幾個動詞填在此處均講不能。故選C。34.D考查副詞。比較：however但是，然而；otherwise要不然；therefore因此，所以；meanwhile在此同時。結(jié)合上句話的意思，只有meanwhile最合適。35.B考查名詞。A.idea注意；

B.life生活；

C.home家；

D.family家庭。結(jié)合全文的意思，此處應(yīng)是指作者的生活發(fā)生變化。故選B。21.Inoursociety,wemustcommunicatewithpeople.Agreatdealofcommunicatingisperformedonaperson-to-person

36

bythesimplemeansofspeech.Ifwetravelinbuses,orbuythingsinshops,wearelikelytohaveconversations

37

wegiveinformationoropinions,andsometimeshaveourviews_38

byothermembersofsociety.

Face-to-facecontactisbynomeansthe

39

formofcommunicationandduringthelasttwocenturiesthe

40

ofmasscommunicationhasbecomeoneofthemajorfactorsofcontemporarysociety.Twothings,

41

others,havecausedtherapidgrowthofthecommunication

42.

Firstly,inventivenesshasledto

43

inprinting,photography,radioandsoon.Secondly,speedhasrevolutionized（變革）thetransmission（傳輸）and

44

ofcommunicationssothatlocalnewsoftentakesaback

45

tonationalnews.

Nolongeristhe

46

ofinformationlimitedtoaprivileged（有特權(quán)的）minority.Fortyyearsagopeopleusedto

47

intothecinema,butnowfarmorepeoplesitathomeandturnontheTVtowatchaprogrammechanneledintomillionsofhomes.Communicationisnolongermerelyconcerned

48_

thetransmissionofinformation.Themoderncommunicationindustryinfluencesthewaypeopleliveinsocietyand

49

theirhorizonsbyallowing

50

toinformation,educationandentertainment.Theprinting,broadcastingandadvertisingindustriesareall

51

withinforming,educatingandentertaining.

_52

agreatdealofthematerialcommunicatedbythemassmediaisvery

53

totheindividualandtothesocietyofwhichheisapart,thevastmodernnetworkofcommunicationsis

54

toabuse.However,themassmediaarewithusfor

55,forworse,andthereisnoturningback.

36.A.form

B.basisC.floorD.ground

37.A.while

B.which

C.thatD.where

38.A.voiced

B.expressedC.challenged

D.agreed

39.A.existingB.perfect

C.onlyD.unique

40.A.artB.device

C.way

D.trick

41.A.below

B.beyondC.overD.above

42.A.abilityB.industry

C.competenceD.system

43.A.advancesB.advantagesC.benefits

D.progresses

44.A.exchangeB.practiceC.receptionD.means

45.A.seat

B.placeC.postD.position

46.A.direction

B.possession

C.controlD.management

47.A.walk

B.flood

C.headD.move

48.A.with

B.about

C.towardD.for

49.A.enlarges

B.brightensC.lightens

D.broadens

50.A.approach

B.opportunityC.access

D.freedom

51.A.dealtB.related

C.targetedD.involved

52.A.Evenif

B.Unless

C.Although

D.Ifonly

53.A.valuable

B.worthyC.attachedD.previous

54.A.possible

B.likely

C.closedD.open

55.A.ever

B.better

C.free

D.each

參考答案：36—40BDCCA

41—45DBACA

46—50BBADC

51一55DCADB

三、閱讀理解22.Iwatchdocumentaries,notmovies．Ireadhistorybooks,notfiction．Iuseeveryfreemomenttoaccomplishoneofthetasksonmynever-endingchecklist,andIamcompletelyfilledwiththoughtsofproductivity．Anhoursleepingisanhourwasted．Andliketherestof21stcenturyAmerica,Ilikeit．Butthisfixationonproductivityisincreasinglydestroyingcharacterandtransformingmenintorobots.NewYorkTimescolumnistDavidBrookswarnedAmericanUniversitystudentsofthisculturaldeclineinaspeech．“Wecutoffallthingsspiritualandemotionalinacompetitiveurgetostandout”,hesaid,“Thepressuretosucceedprofessionally,toacquireskills,todothethingsyouneedtodotosucceedinaninformationageeconomyreallybecametheoverwhelming（難以應(yīng)付的）pressures,anditsortofeclipsesthethinkingaboutcharacterandmorality.”Manystudentshappilygotocollege,viewingitasanextstepontheirrisetoprofessionalachievement．Forcingasmanysuccess-buildingactivitiesintotheirschedulesastheycan,theyenjoykeepingbusywithlittlesleep．“Today’soutstandingkidsarelikelytospendtheirafternoonsandweekendsshuttlingfromoneskill-improvingactivitytothenext,”Brookswroteinanarticle,“Wefearfailuremorethanwedesiresuccess.”Acenturyago,collegewasaboutcharacterbuilding．Today,ourcharactersareindecline．Weareexpertsoneconomics,materialthingsandprofessionalskills．Wefailtodiscussandunderstandrelationships,emotionsandallthingsspiritual．PhilosopherKarlPopperdividedtheworldintotwocategories:ClocksandClouds．Clockproblemsarethosethatcanbetakenapart,examinedandsolvedthroughdeductivereasoning（演繹推理）．Cloudscannotbetakenapart．Cloudproblemsrepresentwholesystemsthatneedtobeunderstoodinadifferentway.“WhenwehaveaCloudproblem,wetrytoturnitintoaClockproblem,”Brookssaid．Andinareason-centeredculture,addingtitlestoone’sresumebecomesatrend．AtAmericanUniversity,85percentofseniors(and89percentofbusinessmajors)graduatewithatleastonepracticalexperiencewhichisoftenhelpfultoastudent’sfuturecareer,butcansometimesdrawfocusawayfromacademics.Topreventthedeathofman’scharacter,Brooksurgesrediscoveringourhumannaturesthroughfallinginlove．Andbylovehemeansloveforatask,job,oranotherperson．“Synchronicityiskeytohappiness,”hesaid．Ratherthancrazilyincreasingourlonglistsofaccomplishments,weneedtoloseourselvesinwhatwedo,andsuccesswillcomeonitsown.29．FromParagraph1,wecanlearnthatpeople__________.A．a(chǎn)recontrolledbytimeB．a(chǎn)rekeenonreadingbooksC．a(chǎn)rechangingtheircharactersD．a(chǎn)reeagertoachievemore30．InParagraph2,theunderlinedword“eclipses”means_________.A．deletes

B．weakensC．worsens

D．emphasizes31．Thelastparagraphmainlytellsusthat__________．A．loveismoreimportantthanfocusB．thefocusonhumannaturescountsC．moreworkcontributestohappinessD．successcomesfromdevotiontowork32．Thepurposeofthispassageisto__________.A．bringawarenesstocharacterbuildingB．stresstheimportanceofproductivityC．warnaboutthepressuretoseeksuccessD．criticizestudents’desireforachievements參考答案：29．D30．B31．D32．A29．題干中對“people”提問，對前文現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行提問。本篇文章是明顯議論文，首段末句是論點，前面是作者要論述的現(xiàn)象。首段第2句中表達(dá)了我每時每刻

都想著完成更多的任務(wù)，提高生產(chǎn)效率，做出更多成績，實現(xiàn)更多成就。且本段最后1句論點的意思是對于生產(chǎn)效率的癡迷會越來越摧毀人們的性格，且將人逐漸變成了機器人。其中

“thisfixationonproductivity”就是在總結(jié)上面提到的現(xiàn)象，即過多于生產(chǎn)效率，總想產(chǎn)出

更多的東西，完成更多的任務(wù)，做出更多的成績。因此，在四個選項之中，選項D表示人們迫切地希望去實現(xiàn)更多，取得更多成就，符合文意，因此答案選D。30．劃線詞所在句位置出現(xiàn)在第2段末尾，第2段屬于引用David

Brooks的話再次重申論點，前2句中通過“culturaldecline”和“cutoff”這樣的關(guān)鍵信息再次表明了觀點：對生產(chǎn)效率和成功的過分追求，使得對于性格人格等的關(guān)注在下降。而劃線詞所在句子前面部分“thepressuretosucceedprofessionally,toacquireskills”都在講對于成

功和技能的追求，后面部分“anditsortofeclipsesthethinkingaboutcharacterand

morality”正是對應(yīng)論點中人們對于性格和道德等關(guān)注下降，即減少對于性格和道德的思考。若選D則是“強調(diào)對于性格的思考”，與文章方向相反，直接排除。若選C則是“惡化對于性格的思考”，而本段前面出現(xiàn)的“decline”和“cutoff”都能直接推出答案是“減弱”，因此答案

選B。31．在前幾段作者反復(fù)論證了自己的論點“過分關(guān)注效能、追求成功會使得人們對于性格和精神層面的關(guān)注減少”后，本段首句中“rediscoveringourhuman

naturesthoughfallinginlove”給出了重新關(guān)注性格層面的方法，即“throughfallinginlove”，通過愛。下文中提到的“l(fā)oveforatask,job”以及最后的“weneedtolovesourselvesinwhatwedo,andsuccesswillcomeoneitsown”都指得是需要對工作充滿愛和投入，這樣成功自然而然會到來。選項D中的“devotiontowork”直接符合文意，因此答案選D。32．文章中作者始終在論述“人們現(xiàn)在更追求生產(chǎn)效能、一味追求成功，而減少了對性格等的關(guān)注”，而作者必然認(rèn)為“應(yīng)該關(guān)注性格或精神層面”，并在最后一段給出了對應(yīng)具體做法。因此在四個選項中，“bringawareness”非常準(zhǔn)確的概括了作者

的目的，即引起人們對于“characterbuilding”的關(guān)注，因此答案選A。23.Hands-onexperienceisstillattractivetomanyb