C語言程序設計報告矩陣運算

課程設計設計課程名稱：C語言課程設計題目：矩陣的運算

目錄矩陣運算任務書……………3描述及繪制出系統(tǒng)的功能結構框圖………7C語言程序代碼……………8使用說明……………………15設計日志及心得體會………16

"矩陣運算"任務書一、目的要求本課程設計任務的目的是要求學生按照分析、設計、編碼、調(diào)試和測試的軟件開發(fā)過程獨立完成一個矩陣運算子程序集,并能最終實現(xiàn)本系統(tǒng)的功能要求;二、功能要求題目描述矩陣運算是大多數(shù)科學運算的必要工具;假定所有矩陣均以文本文件形式保存,試編寫程序,處理簡單的矩陣運算;矩陣文件每一行以文本保存矩陣中一行數(shù)據(jù)每個數(shù)據(jù)之間以一個或者多個空格隔開;目前矩陣僅保存整數(shù)值;下面是一個矩陣文件例子：文件名：1123-431-14520056567891011121413你的程序需要實現(xiàn)以下功能：1． 矩陣加法;2． 矩陣轉(zhuǎn)置3． 矩陣乘法程序要求1 程序正確;能夠嚴格實現(xiàn)任務書中描述的功能；2 界面友好;盡可能使界面友好、直觀、易操作；3 風格友好;源程序應有良好的編碼風格,使程序容易閱讀;4從文件中讀矩陣,將矩陣寫入文件,矩陣3個操作均需要以子程序形式編寫;輸入/輸出要求1每項功能在選擇后,應提示用戶輸入源矩陣所在文件名,并檢驗該文件是否存在,但是并不讀取該文件內(nèi)容;然后再提示用戶輸入結果矩陣文件名;通過子程序讀取矩陣數(shù)據(jù),將運算結果同時輸出到文件和屏幕上;2所有源矩陣均可使用記事本生成;3若main函數(shù)帶有參數(shù)repeat則所有讀取矩陣和運算函數(shù)操作均需重復10000次;課程設計報告內(nèi)容要求1 封面：統(tǒng)一采用常州大學課程設計說明書封面2 內(nèi)容提要3 目錄4 “課程設計報告”正文格式1 概述所作系統(tǒng)的主要功能；2 分析和描述任務書的基本要求與內(nèi)容；3 描述及繪制出系統(tǒng)的功能結構框圖；4 C語言程序代碼；5 使用說明；6 設計日志以及心得體會三、難點提示輸入矩陣沒有限定大小,不能采用靜態(tài)數(shù)組來實現(xiàn),需要使用動態(tài)數(shù)組技術;main函數(shù)參數(shù)的檢測和使用參見教材相應內(nèi)容;3、菜單部分樣例代碼可參閱網(wǎng)絡課堂里相關幫助——頂層菜單設計框架;概述系統(tǒng)的主要功能假定矩陣文件每一行以文本形式保存,矩陣中的一行數(shù)據(jù)中每個數(shù)據(jù)之間以一個或多個空格隔開,目前矩陣僅保存整數(shù)值;本程序通過文件操作及動態(tài)內(nèi)存分配技術實現(xiàn)簡單的矩陣運算,包括矩陣加法Plus,矩陣轉(zhuǎn)置Transpose,矩陣乘法Multiply;運行程序時,首先提示用戶選擇相應功能選項,每項功能在選擇后,提示用戶輸入源矩陣所在文件名,程序檢驗該文件是否存在,但不讀取該文件內(nèi)容;然后再提示用戶輸入結果矩陣所在文件名,通過子程序讀取矩陣數(shù)據(jù),將運算結果同時輸?shù)轿募推聊簧?描述及繪制出系統(tǒng)的功能結構框圖首先選擇相應的功能,打開文件,讀取數(shù)據(jù),進行各項功能的操作,輸出結果,關閉文件,再次選擇相應的功能;功能選擇加法功能選擇加法轉(zhuǎn)置相乘打開所要執(zhí)行的文件輸出數(shù)據(jù)關閉相應文件退出C語言程序代碼include<>include<>include<>include<>voidPlus{ FILEfp1,fp2,fp3; printf"請輸入兩個源矩陣所在文件名:\n"; charfilename115,filename215,filename315; scanf"%s%s",filename1,filename2; iffp1=fopenfilename1,"r"==NULL||fp2=fopenfilename2,"r"==NULL { printf"can'topenfile"; exit0; } printf"請輸入結果矩陣所在文件名:\n"; scanf"%s",filename3; fp3=fopenfilename3,"w"; intp,C=0,R=0,l=0,r=0,i,j,jk1,jk2,jk3; printf"\n"; charch; ch=fgetcfp1; whilefeoffp1 { ch=fgetcfp1; ifch=='' C++; ifch=='\n' R++; } C=C/R+1; printf"R=%d,C=%d\n",R,C;rewindfp1;ch=fgetcfp2; whilefeoffp2 { ch=fgetcfp2; ifch=='' l++; ifch=='\n' r++; } l=l/r+1; printf"r=%d,l=%d\n",r,l;rewindfp2; fscanffp1,"%d",&jk1; fscanffp2,"%d",&jk2; ifjk1=''&&jk1='\n' { jk3=jk1+jk2; printf"%d\t",jk3; fprintffp3,"%d\t",jk3; } } printf"\n"; fprintffp3,"\n"; } freep; fclosefp1; fclosefp2; fclosefp3; printf"按任意鍵繼續(xù)\n"; getch; } elseexit0;}voidTranspose{ FILEfp1,fp2; printf"請輸入一個源矩陣所在文件名:\n"; charfilename115,filename215; scanf"%s",filename1; iffp1=fopenfilename1,"r"==NULL//判斷是否能打開文件 { printf"cannotopenfile"; exit0; } printf"請輸入結果矩陣所在名:\n"; scanf"%s",filename2; fp2=fopenfilename2,"w"; intp,C=0,R=0,t=0,i,j,jk1; printf"\n"; charch; ch=fgetcfp1; whilefeoffp1//算出矩陣的行列數(shù) { ch=fgetcfp1; ifch=='' C++; ifch=='\n' R++; } C=C/R+1+1; R=R+1;rewindfp1;p=intmallocRsizeofint;//申請動態(tài)內(nèi)存分配 fori=0;i<R;i++ {pi=intmallocCsizeofint; forj=0;j<C;j++ {fscanffp1,"%d",&jk1;ifjk1=''&&jk1='\n' pij=jk1; } } fori=0;i<C;i++ { forj=0;j<R;j++ { printf"%d\t",pji; fprintffp2,"%d\t",pji; } printf"\n"; fprintffp2,"\n"; } fori=0;i<R;i++{freepi;}freep; fclosefp1; fclosefp2; printf"按任意鍵繼續(xù)\n"; getch;}voidMultiply{ FILEfp1,fp2,fp3; printf"請輸入兩個院矩陣所在文件名:\n"; charfilename115,filename215,filename315; scanf"%s%s",filename1,filename2; iffp1=fopenfilename1,"r"==NULL||fp2=fopenfilename2,"r"==NULL//判斷矩陣是否能打開 { printf"cannotopenfile"; exit0; } printf"請輸入結果矩陣所在文件名:\n"; scanf"%s",filename3; fp3=fopenfilename3,"w"; intp1,p2,C=0,R=0,l=0,r=0,sum=0,a,i,j,jk1; printf"\n"; charch; ch=fgetcfp1; whilefeoffp1//算出矩陣的行列數(shù) { ch=fgetcfp1; ifch=='' C++; ifch=='\n' R++; } C=C/R+1+1; R=R+1;rewindfp1;ch=fgetcfp2; whilefeoffp2 { ch=fgetcfp2; ifch=='' l++; ifch=='\n' r++; } l=l/r+1+1; r=r+1;rewindfp2;p1=intmallocRsizeofint;//申請動態(tài)內(nèi)存分配fori=0;i<R;i++ {p1i=intmallocCsizeofint; forj=0;j<C;j++ {fscanffp1,"%d",&jk1;ifjk1=''&&jk1='\n' p1ij=jk1; } }p2=intmallocrsizeofint;fori=0;i<r;i++ {p2i=intmalloclsizeofint; forj=0;j<l;j++ {fscanffp2,"%d",&jk1;ifjk1=''&&jk1='\n' p2ij=jk1; } } fori=0;i<R;i++ { fora=0;a<l;a++ { sum=0; forj=0;j<C;j++ sum+=p1ijp2ja; printf"%d\t",sum; fprintffp3,"%d\t",sum; } printf"\n"; fprintffp3,"\n"; } fori=0;i<R;i++{freep1i;}freep1;fori=0;i<r;i++{ freep2i;}freep2; fclosefp1; fclosefp2; fclosefp3; printf"按任意鍵繼續(xù)\n"; getch;}voidmain{ chari;loop: system"cls"; printf"\n"; printf"╔═══╧╧矩陣運算╧╧════════════╗\n"; printf"║請輸入運算方式║\n"; printf"║※1:加法║\n"; printf"║※2:轉(zhuǎn)置║\n"; printf"║※3:乘法║\n"; printf"║※4:退出║\n"; printf"╚═════════════════════════════╝\n"; printf"請輸入選項1\\2\\3\\4:\n"; whilei=getch { switchi { case'1':Plus;gotoloop; case'2':Transpose;gotoloop; case'3':Multiply;gotoloop; case'4':exit0; } } gotoloop; { forj=0;j<C;j++ { fscanffp1,"%d",&jk1; fscanffp2,"%d",&jk2; ifjk1=''&&jk1='\n' { jk3=jk1+jk2; printf"%d\t",jk3; fprintffp3,"%d\t",jk3; } } printf"\n"; fprintffp3,"\n"; } freep; fclosefp1; fclosefp2; fclosefp3; printf"按任意鍵繼續(xù)\n"; getch; }}} l=l/r+1; printf"r=%d,l=%d\n",r,l;rewindfp2; ifl==C&&r==R {p=intcallocR,Csizeofint; fori=0;i<R;i++ { forj=0;j<C;j++ { fscanffp1,"%d",&jk1; fscanffp2,"%d",&jk2; ifj==C-1 { printf"%d",jk1+jk2; fprintffp3,"%d",jk1+jk2; continue; }ifjk1=''&&jk1='\n' { jk3=jk1+jk2; printf"%d",jk3; fprintffp3,"%d",jk3; } } printf"\n"; fprintffp3,"\n"; } freep; fclosefp1; fclosefp2; fclosefp3; printf"按任意鍵繼續(xù)\n"; getch; } else {printf"兩個矩陣不能相加"; exit0; }}voidTransposevoidTranspose{ FILEfp1,fp2; printf"請輸入一個源矩陣所在文件名:\n"; charfilename115,filename215; scanf"%s",filename1; iffp1=fopenfilename1,"r"==NULL { printf"can'topenfile"; exit0; } printf"請輸入結果矩陣所在名:\n"; scanf"%s",filename2; fp2=fopenfilename2,"w"; intp,C=0,R=0,t=0,i,j,jk1; printf"\n"; charch; ch=fgetcfp1; whilefeoffp1 { ch=fgetcfp1; ifch=='' C++; ifch=='\n' R++; } C=C/R+1;rewindfp1;p=intmallocRsizeofint; fori=0;i<R;i++ {pi=intmallocCsizeofint; forj=0;j<C;j++ {fscanffp1,"%d",&jk1;ifjk1=''&&jk1='\n' pij=jk1; } }fori=0;i<C;i++fori=0;i<C;i++ { forj=0;j<R;j++ { ifj==R-1 { printf"%d",pji; fprintffp2,"%d",pji; continue; }printf"%d",pji; fprintffp2,"%d",pji; } printf"\n"; fprintffp2,"\n"; } fori=0;i<R;i++{freepi;}freep; fclosefp1; fclosefp2; printf"按任意鍵繼續(xù)\n"; getch;}voidMultiply{ FILEfp1,fp2,fp3; printf"請輸入兩個源矩陣所在文件名:\n"; charfilename115,filename215,filename315; scanf"%s%s",filename1,filename2; iffp1=fopenfilename1,"r"==NULL||fp2=fopenfilename2,"r"==NULL { printf"can'topenfile"; exit0; }printf"printf"請輸入結果矩陣所在文件名:\n"; scanf"%s",filename3; fp3=fopenfilename3,"w"; intp1,p2,C=0,R=0,l=0,r=0,sum=0,a,i,j,jk1; printf"\n"; charch; ch=fgetcfp1; whilefeoffp1 { ch=fgetcfp1; ifch=='' C++; ifch=='\n' R++; } C=C/R+1;rewindfp1;ch=fgetcfp2; whilefeoffp2 { ch=fgetcfp2; ifch=='' l++; ifch=='\n' r++; } l=l/r+1;rewindfp2;ifC==r//判斷兩個矩陣能否相乘{ p1=intmallocRsizeofint;fori=0;i<R;i++ {p1i=intmallocCsizeofint; forj=0;j<C;j++ {fscanffp1,"%d",&jk1;ifjk1=''&&jk1='\n' p1ij=jk1; } }p2=intmallocrsizeofint;fori=0;i<r;i++fori=0;i<r;i++ {p2i=intmalloclsizeofint; forj=0;j<l;j++ {fscanffp2,"%d",&jk1;ifjk1=''&&jk1='\n' p2ij=jk1; } } fori=0;i<R;i++ { fora=0;a<l;a++ { sum=0; forj=0;j<C;j++ sum+=p1ijp2ja;ifa==l-1 { printf"%d\t",sum; fprintffp3,"%d\t",sum; continue; }printf"%d",sum; fprintffp3,"%d",sum; } printf"\n"; fprintffp3,"\n"; } fori=0;i<R;i++{freep1i;}freep1;fori=0;i<r;i++{ freep2i;}freep2; fclosefp1; fclosefp2; fclosefp3; printf"按任意鍵繼續(xù)\n"; getch;}else{ printf"兩個矩陣不能相乘"; exit0;}}getch;getch;}else{ printf"兩個矩陣不能相乘"; exit0;}}voidmain{ chari;loop: system"cls"; printf"\n"; printf"╔═══╧╧矩陣運算╧╧═══════════╗\n"; printf"║請輸入運算方式║\n"; printf"║※1:加法║\n"; printf"║※2:轉(zhuǎn)置║\n"; printf"║※3:乘法║\n"; printf"║※4:退出║\n"; printf"╚════════════════════════════╝\n"; printf"請輸入選項1\\2\\3\\4:\n"; whilei=getch { switchi { case'1':Plus;gotoloop; case'2':Transpose;