-新教材高中英語Unit2MoralsandVirtuesPeriod4課時(shí)素養(yǎng)檢測(cè)（含解析）新人教版

Unit2MoralsandVirtues課時(shí)素養(yǎng)檢測(cè)八Unit2Period4Ⅰ.閱讀理解GretchenAltmanissmiling,leaningbackcasually,acupofcoffeeinhand—HillsBros.Coffee,tobeprecise.Itlookslikeacasualshot,butifyouhitlike,leaveacomment,andtagafriend,youcangetthreedifferentcupsofcoffee,forfree.Altmanispartofagrowingtrendof“micro-influencers”.Shehasasmallfollowing—around6,000onInstagram(社交平臺(tái)).Hergoingrateis$300to$800topromotesomething.Shedoessomepostsinexchangeforfreegoods,aslongasit’sstuffshebelievesin.Asamicro-influencershehasamuchcloserrelationshipwithherfollowersthanabigsocialmediastar.“I’mjustlivinganormallifeandpeoplerelatetothat,”shesays.“TheyjustfeellikeI’mafriendoftheirs.”Butitworriesconsumerrightsgroups.Severalrecentstudieshavefoundthatyoungaudiencesarelargelyunabletounderstandwhensomethingissponsoredcontent.Insomecases,it’sclear.WhenabigstartakestoasocialmediatoadvertiseCoca-Cola,forexample,theassumptionisthathe’sorshe’sprobablygettingpaidtodoso.Andthepostsareclearlylabeledasads,withthecaption“advertisement”or“sponsoredcontent”.Butwhathappenswhenaneverydaypersonwithjustacouplethousandfollowerstakestosocialmediatoextol(頌揚(yáng))thevirtuesofaproduct?Themotivationsarenotsoclearcut.Theproblemwiththesesocialmediapostsisthatyoudon’tknowwhetherit’sanadornot.Altmanisdiligentaboutusingthosehashtags(標(biāo)簽).Sheloveswhatshedoesandseesitasabusiness,butshedoesn’tnecessarilywanttobeasocialmediacelebrity.“Withsocialmediabeingsointegratedintooureverydaylives,wehavethisuniqueopportunitythatIdon’tthinkanyonehaseverhadbeforewherewecaneachbeourownbrand,”Altmansays.【語篇概述】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道,主題是人與社會(huì)。文章講述了時(shí)下流行的微影響者以及由此可能會(huì)引發(fā)的問題。1.Whatdoesamicro-influencerdoaccordingtothepassage?A.Giveenoughlikes.B.Posttopromotesales.C.Recommendsomecomments.D.Designadvertisements.【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。聯(lián)系文章前兩段內(nèi)容可知,微影響者主要是利用自己的粉絲發(fā)帖子促銷,故選B。2.Whatmakesconsumerrightsgroupsfeelworried?A.Sponsoredadscontent.B.Adswithcaptiononposts.C.Theunclearmotivationsoftheposts.D.Theincreasinglygrowingnumberofaudiences.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四至六段信息可知,微影響者發(fā)帖子作廣告,但不加任何說明,會(huì)導(dǎo)致年輕人不能有效辨別,所以這種意圖不明的帖子會(huì)對(duì)瀏覽者造成困擾,這是消費(fèi)者權(quán)益群體所擔(dān)心的問題,故選C。3.HowdoesGretchenAltmanfeelaboutbeingamicro-influencer?A.Annoyed.B.Delighted.C.Ambitious. D.Depressed.【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后兩段對(duì)Altman的敘述和她的話的引述可判斷出,她很樂意當(dāng)微影響者,故選B。4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A.InstagramAdvertising:DoYouKnowIt,WhenYouSeeItB.TobeaMicro-influencerortobeaBigStarC.WeCanEachBeOurOwnTopBrandD.HillsBros.Coffee,YourCoffee【解析】選A。標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)整篇文章的內(nèi)容可知,A項(xiàng)作為文章的標(biāo)題最合適,故選A。Ⅱ.閱讀填句Whatisabigdream?1Or,isabigdreamsomethingthatprovidesonlyentertainment?Childrendreambigdreams,buttherearethreebarrierstorealizingdreams.Theyoftenkillthembeforetheyeverhaveachancetogrow.

TheSelfImmediatelyfollowingthebirthofabigdream,anegativeself-talktakesoverandgivesallthereasonswhyitcannothappen.Thisinsidevoiceistheego(自我).Itisthereforprotectingandcanbelistenedto.2Mostpeopleareinfluencedbytheinsidevoice.That’swhyonlyahandfulofpeoplemaketheirdreamscometrue.

3

Familyandfriendsarealotliketheego.Theywanttoprotectthosetheylove,sotheywilloftenlistallthereasonswhythebigdreamswon’tcometrue.Sometimes,familyandfriendsdestroydreamsofthosetheylovemost,outoftheirownfearofbeingleftbehind.TheWorldIfonegetspastthefirsttwobarriers,onehastofacetheworld.4Inthepast,bigdreamerswerelockedupandsometimesevenkilledwhentheywereshowntotheworld.Fortunately,inmostoftheworldtoday,bigdreamersjustgetlaughedat.

Thewaytorealizeabigdreamiswithconfidenceandaction.Whenchildrenhaveconfidenceandthentakeaction,theywillbereadytoacceptanyfailure.Thetruthisthateverygreatdreamerwhosedreamshaveneverseenthelightofsuccessknowsfailurewell.5

A.FamilyandFriendsB.HowBigDreamsDieC.Theysimplyfailuntiltheysucceed.D.Doesabigdreamshowone’sfuture?E.Itisthelastandthemostterriblebarrier.F.Sometimesitisright,butmoreoftenitiswrong.G.Andtheirbigdreamistobearockstarorafamousartist.【語篇概述】本文主要講了夢(mèng)想與人的關(guān)系和一些相關(guān)的信息。1.【解析】選D。根據(jù)本空前句“Whatisabigdream?”和后句“isabigdreamsomethingthatprovidesonlyentertainment”可知本句也是關(guān)于bigdream的一些問題。故選D。2.【解析】選F。根據(jù)空后“Mostpeopleareinfluenced...theirdreamscometrue.”可知這些insidevoice的影響有好有壞。有些能讓我們從中受益,也有些不能。故選F。3.【解析】選A。根據(jù)本段第一句“Familyandfriendsarealotliketheego.”可知本段談?wù)摰氖荈amilyandFriends。故選A。4.【解析】選E。根據(jù)下句“Inthepast,bigdreamers...showntotheworld.”可知world才是最大的問題。故選E。5.【解析】選C。根據(jù)前句“Thetruthisthatevery...successknowsfailurewell.”可知直到非常了解失敗以后,這些偉大的夢(mèng)想家才會(huì)看見成功的曙光。故選C。Ⅲ.完形填空Irealizethatweallliveinaworldwheretrustisinshortsupply.ItseemsthateverywhereIgo,Ihaveto1myidentityandtrustworthiness―whetherit’sabank,shoporanyoffice.Ihavebeenaccustomedtolivingbythe2thatnooneistrustworthy3provedotherwise.

YesterdayIsawayoungmanwholivedbyatotallydifferentrule.IwaswalkingalongabusyintersectionwhenI4ayoungmanstandingnearthepedestriancrossingsettingupastall(貨攤).5Iwouldignoreandhurrypastsuchsellers.ButInoticedthisyoungmanwas6,soIstoodforsometimewithoutcrossingthestreettoseehowhesoldhistoys.

Soon,ayoungmotherwithalittleboycamebyandthechildsethis7ononeofteddybears.Themotheraskedthemoneyanditwasonlyonedollar.Shepulledouta10-dollar-noteandtoldtheyoungmanthatshewasgivinghim10dollarsandwantedthechangeback.Iwas8toknowhowhewasgoingtodoit.Hetoldthemomtoputthemoneyinthepouch(袋子)hangingaroundhisneckandtakeoutwhateverchangehe9her.

Irealizedthatthisyoungman’swholemodeofearning10ontrustingpeoplenottocheathim.Therewasno11forhimtoknowifsomeonetookoutmoreoutofhispouchofearning.Iwasso12byhowthisyoungmantrustedpeoplethatIboughtacarmodelfromhim.Ididnotneedit,13.Ijusthopedtohelpalittle.

NowI14believethattheworldwouldbeabetterplaceifwecouldalllearnto15othersmore,liketheyoungblindstreetselleroftoys.

【語篇概述】作者覺得當(dāng)今社會(huì)上缺乏信任,去任何地方都要核實(shí)身份。但是偶然在街上看到的一幕改變了他的想法,一個(gè)盲人賣玩具,因?yàn)榭床坏酵耆繉?duì)顧客的信任讓顧客自己找零錢進(jìn)行交易。這件事情讓作者感慨萬千,如果我們每個(gè)人信任別人多一點(diǎn),世界將會(huì)變得更美好。1.A.introduceB.presentC.prove D.request【解析】選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞。根據(jù)上文“Irealizethatweallliveinaworldwheretrustisinshortsupply.”可知,作者覺得社會(huì)上缺少信任,似乎無論去哪里,不管是銀行、商店還是辦公室都必須證明自己的身份。introduce“介紹”;present“呈現(xiàn)”;prove“證明”;request“請(qǐng)求”。故選C。2.A.ruleB.habitC.practiceD.law【解析】選A?？疾槊~。根據(jù)下文“YesterdayIsawayoungmanwholivedbyatotallydifferentrule.”可知,作者認(rèn)為我們都習(xí)慣了按照規(guī)則生活。rule“規(guī)則”;habit“習(xí)慣”;practice“慣例”;law“法律”。故選A。3.A.if B.sinceC.although D.unless【解析】選D。考查連詞。根據(jù)上文“Ihaveto______myidentityandtrustworthiness—whetherit’sabank,shoporanyoffice.”可知,除非被證明,沒有人是可信賴的。if“如果”;since“自從……以來”;although“盡管”;unless“除非”。故選D。

4.A.approached B.noticedC.watched D.looked【解析】選B。考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語境可知,當(dāng)作者走過一個(gè)繁忙的十字路口的時(shí)候,注意到一個(gè)年輕人在路邊擺攤。approached“接近”;noticed“注意”;watched“觀看”;looked“看”。故選B。5.A.Actually B.NormallyC.Informally D.Casually【解析】選B?？疾楦痹~。根據(jù)下文“ButInoticedthisyoungmanwas______,soIstoodforsometimewithoutcrossingthestreettoseehowhesoldhistoys.”可知,正常情況下,作者會(huì)忽視掉這些賣東西的人匆忙走過,但是那天他看到是一個(gè)盲人在擺攤,于是他停了下來想看看他怎么賣東西。Actually“實(shí)際上”;Normally“正常地,通常地”;Informally“非正式地”;Casually“隨便地”。故選B。

6.A.blind B.handsomeC.disabled D.strange【解析】選A?？疾樾稳菰~。根據(jù)文章最后提到的“l(fā)iketheyoungblindstreetselleroftoys”可知,這是一個(gè)盲人在賣東西。blind“盲的,瞎的”;handsome“英俊的”;disabled“殘疾的”;strange“奇怪的”。故選A。7.A.mind B.interestC.heart D.attraction【解析】選C?？疾槊~。根據(jù)下文“Themotheraskedthemoneyanditwasonlyonedollar.”可知,這個(gè)孩子想要這個(gè)玩具熊。mind“想法”;interest“興趣”;heart“內(nèi)心”;attraction“吸引”。setone’sheartonsomething“一心想要某物”。故選C。8.A.anxious B.surprisedC.pleased D.curious【解析】選D?？疾樾稳菰~。根據(jù)上文可知,這個(gè)人是一個(gè)盲人,因此作者很好奇他怎么找零錢。anxious“焦慮的”;surprised“驚奇的”;pleased“高興的”;curious“好奇的”。故選D。9.A.gave B.owedC.owned D.showed【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞。根據(jù)上文可知,這個(gè)盲人要這位媽媽把錢放進(jìn)他掛在脖子上的袋子里,然后拿走欠她的零錢。gave“給”;owed“欠”;owned“擁有”;showed“展示”。故選B。10.A.depended B.settledC.decided D.focused【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞。根據(jù)上文講述的盲人的買賣方式可知,他的賺錢方式完全依靠相信別人不會(huì)欺騙他。depended“依賴”;settled“解決”;decided“決定”;focused“聚焦”。dependon“依靠”。故選A。11.A.problem B.pointC.way D.doubt【解析】選C?？疾槊~。因?yàn)槭敲と?所以他沒有方法知道是否有人多拿了他袋子里的錢。problem“問題”;point“要點(diǎn)”;way“方法”;doubt“懷疑”。故選C。12.A.attracted B.shockedC.excited D.touched【解析】選D。考查形容詞。根據(jù)下文“NowI______believethattheworldwouldbeabetterplaceifwecouldalllearnto______othersmore,liketheyoungblindstreetselleroftoys.”可知,作者被這個(gè)盲人對(duì)別人的完全信任感動(dòng)。attracted“被吸引的”;shocked“震驚的”;excited“激動(dòng)的”;touched“感動(dòng)的”。故選D。

13.A.either B.insteadC.moreover D.though【解析】選D?？疾楦痹~。根據(jù)下文“Ijusthopedtohelpalittle.”可知,作者從這位盲人那里買了一輛玩具車,然而作者并不需要。either“也”;instead“代替”;moreover“而且”;though“然而”。though置于句末,作狀語,表示轉(zhuǎn)折,意思是“然而”。故選D。14.A.firmly B.tightlyC.unwillingly D.negatively【解析】選A?？疾楦痹~。根據(jù)語境可知,通過這件事情,作者現(xiàn)在堅(jiān)定地相信如果我們都能像這個(gè)盲人一樣相信別人更多一點(diǎn),那么這個(gè)世界會(huì)成為一個(gè)更好的地方。firmly“堅(jiān)定地”;tightly“緊緊地”;unwillingly“勉強(qiáng)地”;negatively“消極地”。故選A。15.A.takein B.turntoC.helpout D.believein【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語。作者現(xiàn)在堅(jiān)定地相信如果我們都能像這個(gè)盲人一樣相信別人更多一點(diǎn),那么這個(gè)世界會(huì)成為一個(gè)更好的地方。takein“欺騙”;turnto“求助于”;helpout“幫助擺脫困難”;believein“相信”。故選D。Ⅳ.語法填空IwaswalkingandreadinginaP.E.classduringmysecond-to-lastperiodoftheschoolday,whenIsawagirlwalkingalonewithherheadinabookaswell.Idecided1.__________(get)intoaconversation,soIaskedher2.__________bookshewasreading.I3.__________(forget)thenameofitalready,butIrememberher4.__________(ask)meifI’dtalkedtoherafterIheardanothergirlshoutingrudelyather.

IadmittedthatIknewnothingaboutit,butwemadefast5.__________(friend)andtalkedaboutallsortsofthings6.__________sortingshelvesatsupermarketstoTVshows.Whenwewerecalledin,agirl,whoIthoughtwastheoneshoutingather7.__________(early),pushedherasideandsworeatherinalowvoice.

Iamextremelygladthatmynewfriendwasn’tasquick-temperedasIwas8.__________Iwasabouttohither.Wesoonmovedalong,withoutanyquarrels,andsatdowntogethertotalk.

9.__________bellrangsoonenoughandthenweparted.Iwishedher10.__________(good)andsecretlysentsafetyandlighttoher,straightfrommyheart.

【語篇概述】這篇文章講的是作者在體育課上看書時(shí)碰到一個(gè)同樣在看書的女孩,作者與女孩交談了起來,期間另外一個(gè)人非常粗魯?shù)貙?duì)女孩喊叫,但作者與女孩沒有與此人爭(zhēng)吵,一直交談到下課。1.【解析】toget?？疾楣潭ù钆?。decidetodosth.決定做某事。2.【解析】what?？疾橘e語從句引導(dǎo)詞。由句意知“我問她正在看什么書”,應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)從句。3.【解析】haveforgotten?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。句意為“我已經(jīng)忘了書的名字”,“忘記”這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去并對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響,所以應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),故填haveforgotten。4.【解析】asking?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語。rememberone’sdoingsth.記得某人曾經(jīng)做過某事。5.【解析】friends?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語。makefriends交朋友。be/makefriends(withsb.)是/成為(某人的)朋友。6.【解析】from。考查介詞。橫線前句意為“我們談?wù)摳鞣N各樣的事情”,橫線后句意為“超市的分類貨架到電視節(jié)目”,容易推斷出是from...to短語,表示從分類貨架談到電視節(jié)目。7.【解析】earlier。考查形容詞比較級(jí)。形容詞位于名詞前修飾名詞,此處無論是填early還是earlier都是使用其副詞詞義。此處句意為“這個(gè)女孩之前沖她喊叫”,earlier(先前,早些時(shí)候)副詞,放在句中表示“之前地,先前地”。而early作副詞表示“提前地,提早”,與句意不符,因此填earlier。8.【解析】because/as/when。考查連詞。句意為“我很慶幸我的新朋友不像我一樣是個(gè)急脾氣”,橫線后面句意為“我快要對(duì)她(沖女孩大喊的人)動(dòng)手了”。由句意可知,可填because或as表示“我慶幸”的原因,或者填when,指“當(dāng)我想動(dòng)手的時(shí)候,很慶幸女孩不是個(gè)急脾氣的人”。9.【解析】The?？疾楣谠~。由上文可知,此處是“下課鈴響了”,這個(gè)鈴聲是文中雙方都明白的,應(yīng)用the表示特指。10.【解析】well/better?？疾樵~性辨析。根據(jù)橫線后secretly可知,此處應(yīng)填副詞,根據(jù)習(xí)慣用法,wishsb.well(祝某人一切都好),wishsb.better(祝某人越來越好)都符合句意,都可以填入。閱讀理解Onceamonth,Ivolunteeratamealcentertohelpservefoodtopeoplewhoareinneed.DespitethemanyotherthingsthatIneedtodo,Ireallylookforwardtomeetingandservingthesepeople,evenifonlybriefly.AlthoughmymotivationbeginswithwantingtohelpothersandbegratefulforwhatIhavebeengiven,itisjoythathelpsbringmebackwhenIamverybusy.Ifirstnoticedthissometimeago:attheendofourshift,afterthekitchenanddiningroomhavebeencleanedup,Iwouldexperiencealightnessofbeing.Afewyearsago,asIwasresearchinghowkindnessaffectedhealth,Icametolearnthatvolunteerismwasassociatedwithamarkedlylowerriskofdying.OnerecentandlargeEuropeanstudyfoundthatself-reportedhealthscoreswereapparentlybetterinvolunteersthannon-volunteers.Dependingonthestudy,thedecreaseindeathratesrangedbetween20to60percentorso.Howcouldvolunteeringdecreasetheriskofdeath?Thereareseveralfactorsatplay.Thefirst,andmostprimary,isdecreasedsymptomsofstressandupliftedmood.Manystudieshaveprovidedevidencethatvolunteeringisgoodfordepression,well-being,andsocialnetworking,amongothereffects.Secondly,peoplewhovolunteerregularlyalsomakemoreefforttotakecareofthemselves.Theymanagetopayvisitstotheirdoctorforpreventivehealthcare.Finally,peoplewhovolunteermaybemorephysicallyactive.Volunteershaveanobviousincreaseinwalkingeachdaycomparedtothosewhodidnotvolunteer.Totrytotiethistogether,volunteeringlikelyexertsitspositivehealtheffectsbyconnectingpeopletoothersandtoanactivitythattheyfindmeaningful.Achievingconnection,purpose,andmeaningiscriticaltoreducingstressesoflife—particularlyloneliness.Sincestressisamajorcauseofdisease,especiallyheartdisease,theabilitytosatisfytheneedforconnection,purpose,andmeaningcanbringaboutbeneficialchangesforpeople.Andwhenthereispurposeandweareconnectedtoothers,wetakecareofourselves.【語篇概述】這是一篇說明文。文章主要描述了做志愿者服務(wù)可以降低死亡率,主要是因?yàn)槿プ鲋驹刚吣茏屓诵那橛鋹?可以通過跟別人溝通,并且找到生活中有意義的事情,這樣來減少孤獨(dú)感和壓力,從而達(dá)到身心健康。1.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutdoingavolunteerjob?A.Pleased.B.Tired.C.Surprised. D.Annoyed.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的Althoughmymotivationbeginswithwantingtohelpo